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271	Conceptualizing Boko Haram : victimage ritual and the construction of Islamic fundamentalism Ori, Konye Obaji 12 March 2014 (has links) Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / In this study, rhetorical analysis through the framework of victimage ritual is employed to analyze four Boko Haram messages on You Tube, five e-mail messages sent to journalists from leaders of Boko Haram, and a BlogSpot web page devoted to Boko Haram. The aim of this analysis is to understand the persuasive devices by which Boko Haram leaders create, express, and sustain their jurisprudence on acts of violence. The goal of this study is to understand how leaders of Boko Haram construct and express the group’s values, sway belief, and justify violence. The findings show that Boko Haram desire to redeem non-Muslims from perdition, liberate Muslims from persecution, protect Islam from criticism, and revenge perceived acts of injustices against Muslims. The group has embarked on this aim by allotting blame, vilifying the enemy-Other, pressing for a holy war, encouraging martyrdom, and alluding to an apocalypse. Boko Haram’s audience is made to believe that Allah has assigned Boko Haram the task to liberate and restore an Islamic haven in Nigeria. Therefore, opposition from the Nigerian government or Western forces is constructed as actions of evil, thus killing members of the opposition becomes a celestial and noble cause. This juxtaposition serves to encourage the violent Jihad which leaders of Boko Haram claims Allah assigned them to lead in the first place. As a result of this cyclical communication, media houses, along the Nigerian government, Christians and Western ideals become the symbolic evil, against which Muslims, sympathizers and would-be-recruits must unite. By locking Islam against the Nigerian government, Western ideals and Christianity in a characteristically hostile manner, Boko Haram precludes any real solution other than an orchestrated Jihad-crusade-or-cleanse model in which a possible coexistence of Muslims and the enemy-Other are denied, and the threat posed by the enemy-Other is eliminated through conversion or destruction. As a result, this study proposes that Boko Haram Internet messages Boko Haram’s mission reveals a movement of separatism, conservatism, and fascism. A movement based on the claim that its activism will establish a state in accordance with the dictates of Allah. Boko Haram Domestic terrorism -- Nigeria Jihad -- History -- 21st century Political violence -- Nigeria Social conflict -- Nigeria Religion and politics -- Nigeria Christianity -- Nigeria Persuasion (Psychology) Terrorism -- Social aspects
272	Bullying: Out Of The School Halls And Into The Workplace Cooney, Lucretia 01 January 2010 (has links) The primary purpose of this study is to identify those people at most risk of being bullied at work. While much research is being conducted on school bullying, little has been conducted on workplace bullying. Using data gathered from a 2004 study conducted by the National Opinion Research Center for the General Social Survey, which included a Quality of Work Life (QWL) module for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), linear regressions indicated significant findings. As predicted, workers in lower level occupations, as ranked by prestige scoring developed at National Opinion Research, are more likely to be victimized. Data also suggest that being young, Black, and relatively uneducated may contribute to being bullied in certain situations. Future research is needed to examine influences of socio-economic, legal, and other demographic factors that may predict the chance of being bullied. psychological abuse mobbing verbal abuse workplace bullying workplace harassment workplace mistreatment workplace aggression psychological violence employee employee emotional abuse emotional emotional abuse bullying job workplace bully occupational mobbing incivility interpersonal conflict harassment psychological violence employee abuse psychological service service positions women black non-white narcissists work boss bosses managers target age IPV interpersonal violence younger females marital status divorced single married occupation positional power relational power Marx Marxist social social conflict education health minority education region attendance church religious professional educational NIOSH prestige put down act upset upset shout personal space space sociology policy victim business academia co-worker humiliation intimidation slander social isolation isolation perpetrator stress discriminatory discrimination hospital court harassment Sociology

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Conceptualizing Boko Haram : victimage ritual and the construction of Islamic fundamentalism

Bullying: Out Of The School Halls And Into The Workplace