Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-04-25T18:40:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Viegas da Silva_.pdf: 2226777 bytes, checksum: c8336debde594e1996145e1ea198170d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:40:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Viegas da Silva_.pdf: 2226777 bytes, checksum: c8336debde594e1996145e1ea198170d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-21 / Nenhuma / Diante dos problemas sociais com os quais o segmento de baixa renda tem se deparado, há grande preocupação na busca por soluções sociais e mercadológicas que possam contribuir para minimizar os efeitos do déficit social ocasionado na população situada na base da pirâmide econômica. Nesse contexto, os negócios sociais ganharam notoriedade no cenário acadêmico, organizacional e midiático, ao se posicionarem como uma nova alternativa que contribui para a promoção das transformações sociais direcionadas a população de baixa renda, promovendo a inclusão social e econômica. Isso acontece por meio dos produtos e serviços ofertados pelos negócios sociais para esse público, os quais visam solucionar dificuldades sociais, levando em consideração o impacto individual e coletivo. Assim, este estudo buscou compreender como o negócio social contribui para promover transformações sociais no mercado direcionado à população de baixa renda. Para tanto, toma-se como base teórica as abordagens negócios sociais e transformações sociais. Esta pesquisa de campo tem como foco um caso particular, que é o do Banco Bem, localizado em Vitória, no Espírito Santo. Desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, organizada em duas fases distintas. A primeira buscou a identificação dos diferentes tipos de inclusão, além dos que a abordagem negócio social tradicionalmente apresenta, e a identificação dos fatores facilitadores e dificultadores que interferem na promoção das transformações sociais. Essa primeira fase foi desenvolvida por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 diferentes atores envolvidos com o negócio social estudado, abrangendo a gestora, os agentes de créditos e os seus beneficiários. Posteriormente, os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. A segunda fase aborda a trajetória de vida, que analisa a experiência individual de três pessoas da comunidade que foram beneficiadas pelo Banco Bem e tiveram suas vidas impactadas por esse negócio. Como principais resultados, o estudo aponta a identificação de novos tipos de inclusão que um negócio social pode gerar, além da social e econômica, e a identificação de outros fatores que facilitam e dificultam a promoção das transformações sociais. A trajetória de vida como relato das transformações sociais sinalizou que a realidade individual e econômica das pessoas entrevistadas foi modificada a partir do momento em que elas foram beneficiadas pelas ações do Banco Bem. Os depoimentos destacaram os benefícios e as mudanças na vida dessas pessoas e da comunidade. Todos destacaram questões do contexto social da comunidade, demonstrando um olhar diferenciado sobre os benefícios usufruídos. As transformações sociais promovidas pelo Banco Bem, na comunidade de baixa renda, estão associadas a resultados, como, por exemplo, valorização das pessoas, diminuição da vulnerabilidade social, nova realidade social e econômica, empoderamento comunitário, integração e engajamento comunitário e escolhas de novas oportunidades sociais e econômicas para o desenvolvimento humano local. / Facing the social problems that the low-income segment have faced, there is great concern in the search for social and market solutions that can help to minimize the effects of the social deficit caused in the population at the base of the economic pyramid. In this context, the social business got notoriety in the academic, organizational and media scenery to take position itself as a new alternative that contributes to the promotion of social transformation addressed to the low-income population, promoting social and economic inclusion. This happens through the products and services offered by the social business to this audience that aim to solve social problems, taking into account the individual and collective impact. This study tried to understand how the social business helps to promote social changings in the market targeted to low-income population. Therefore, it takes as a theoretical base as social business approaches and social transformations and field research addresses one single case study made at Banco Bem, in Vitória (ES). Therefore, a qualitative research was developed, organized into two distinct phases: the first tried to identify the different types of inclusion, in addition to the social business approach traditionally features and identify the facilitating and inhibiting factors that interfere with the promotion of social changings. This first phase was developed through semi-structured interviews with 15 different actors involved in the social business studied as the manager, and their beneficiaries. Later, the data were analyzed from the content analysis. The second phase focuses with the life path, which analyzes the individual experience of three people in the community who were benefited by the Banco Bem and had their lives impacted by this business. The main results, the study shows the identification of new types of inclusion that can generate a social business, as well as social and economic, and the identification of other factors that facilitate and makes the promotion of social changings difficult. The trajectory of life as reporting of social changings signaled that the individual and economic reality of the people interviewed has been modified from the moment they were benefited by the actions of the Banco Bem in the community. The statements highlighted the benefits and changings in their lives and the community. All of them highlighted the community's social context issues, demonstrating a differentiated looking at the acquired benefits. The social changings promoted by the Banco Bem in low-income community are associated with results as for instance , valuing people, the reduction of social vulnerability, new social and economic reality, community empowerment, integration and community engagement and new opportunities social and economic choices for local human development.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Reynaldo Schirmer Pecanha.pdf: 2933588 bytes, checksum: bc2897331b9c0249d58bc515d2a06db9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aimed to verify if the recycling cooperatives implant the collectors of recyclable material, socioeconomically or not. The research was based on bibliographical and documentary review on the subject and also the comparative analysis of multi-case study in three recycling cooperatives located in São Paulo. We used to collect data from semi-structured interviews with cooperative members of these organizations and direct non-participant observation. The chosen approach was the analysis of qualitative data with the support of Atlas.ti software. The results will offer suggestions with proposals to managers, companies and policy makers so that the socio-economic inclusion is more effective. The main results of the study showed that the inclusion of collectors of recyclable material is processed with greater emphasis by the economic dimension in which the generation of employment and income become important factors to promote citizenship of these workers. It was observed in the cooperatives eager, but little effectiveness in implementing programs aimed at the social dimension as inclusion factor, in which the categories 'education' and 'health' could have priority in their management. It's worth mentioning that the analyzed recycling cooperatives comply with their proposals to provide access to work and therefore income. However, gaps in the social dimension could be minimized by the most action of public authorities and companies, in partnership with these collective social enterprises, in drafting of strategic plans that seek to actions aimed at increasing access to health and education programs and professional training of collectors / Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar se as cooperativas de reciclagem inserem socioeconomicamente ou não os catadores de material reciclável. A pesquisa baseou-se na revisão bibliográfica e documental sobre o tema e também na análise comparativa de estudo multicasos em três cooperativas de reciclagem localizadas na capital paulista. Utilizou-se a coleta de dados a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os cooperados dessas organizações e da observação direta não participante. O enfoque escolhido foi a análise de dados qualitativos com o apoio do software Atlas.ti. Os resultados permitirão oferecer sugestões com propostas aos gestores, empresas e formuladores de políticas públicas a fim de que a inclusão socioeconômica seja mais efetiva. Os principais resultados da pesquisa apontaram que a inclusão dos catadores e catadoras de material reciclável se processa com maior ênfase pela dimensão econômica, na qual a geração de trabalho e renda tornam-se fatores preponderantes para promover a cidadania desses trabalhadores. Observou-se por parte das cooperativas muita vontade, mas pouca efetividade na implementação de programas que visem à dimensão social como fator de inclusão, na qual as categorias educação e saúde poderiam ter prioridade em suas gestões. Vale destacar que as cooperativas de reciclagem analisadas cumprem com suas propostas de prover acesso a trabalho e, consequentemente, renda. No entanto, as lacunas encontradas na dimensão social poderiam ser minimizadas pela maior ação do poder público e das empresas, em parcerias com esses empreendimentos sociais coletivos, na elaboração de planos estratégicos que busquem ações direcionadas para maior acesso à saúde e aos programas de educação e capacitação profissional dos catadores de material reciclável

A região do Vale do Ribeira, rica por suas características minerais e remanescentes expressivos de Mata Atlântica permaneceu parte de sua história às margens do desenvolvimento paulista, e hoje é tradicionalmente considerada uma das regiões mais pobres do estado de São Paulo. Razões históricas, dificuldade de acesso e condições naturais adversas às atividades econômicas são apontadas como responsáveis por seu isolamento econômico. Visando contribuir para o manejo sustentável da região do Vale do Ribeira de Iguape, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar e avaliar os aspectos sócio-econômicos e ambientais da sub-bacia do rio Jacupiranga, e os impactos decorrentes de sua ocupação na qualidade das águas do rio e na condição de vida dos moradores. Neste estudo foram estudadas variáveis limnológicas em 11 estações amostrais nos meses de janeiro, abril, julho e outubro de 2007, e a comunidade bentônica em 3 estações no mês de outubro. Para caracterização da sub-bacia foram realizadas pesquisas com relação ao histórico de ocupação da região, analisados os aspectos sociais e econômicos dos municípios e realizadas entrevistas com a população. Como resultado, observou-se que o rio Jacupiranga vem passando por processo de degradação, com margens desmatadas e presença de bancos de areia, e alteração da qualidade de suas águas. A poluição difusa é decorrente do escoamento superficial das áreas agrícolas marginais e a poluição pontual, do lançamento de efluente industrial e de esgoto doméstico bruto e tratado. Os valores encontrados para sólidos suspensos, turbidez, formas fosfatadas, condutividade elétrica e coliformes estão em desacordo com os limites estipulados pela legislação para rios de classe 2, e comprometem o uso das águas do rio Jacupiranga pela população. Os municípios pertencentes a sub-bacia do rio Jacupiranga estão inseridos na região administrativa de Registro que tem uma economia baseada principalmente na agropecuária, extrativismo vegetal e mineral. Os parâmetros sócio-econômicos e demográficos tais como mortalidade infantil, nível de escolaridade, geração de emprego e níveis de renda são indicativos de uma situação contrastante com o resto do Estado de São Paulo. Se já não bastasse a estagnação econômica e social, a região depara-se constantemente com os problemas das cheias de seus rios. As inundações são episódios naturais na área de estudo, no entanto, a ausência das matas ciliares e o assoreamento dos rios estão aumentando a dimensão dos estragos. Nestas situações, as pessoas perdem seus pertences e a produção agrícola é prejudicada. Com os resultados, percebe-se a necessidade de investimentos federais, estaduais e privados para implantação de políticas que visem à inclusão social e a promoção integral do ser humano, que proporcionem oportunidade de emprego e renda, e preservação do meio ambiente. / The Ribeira Valley region, rich in minerals and expressive Atlantic Forest remaining, remained part of its development history marginalized, and today is considered one of the poorest regions of Sao Paulo State. Historical reasons, difficult access, natural conditions and environmental policy adverse to economic activities are identified as responsible for economic isolation. To contribute to the sustainable management of the Ribeira de Iguape Valley, this research aims to analyze and evaluate the socio-economic and environmental aspects of Jacupiranga river, and the impacts due its occupation process on Jacupiranga river water quality and residents living conditions. The limnological variables were assessed through 11 sampling sites in January, April, July and October 2007, and macroinvertebrates, in 3 sampling sites in October. To characterize the sub-basin, historical occupation of the region and social and economic aspects of municipalities were investigated and interviews with population were done. As a result, it was possible to verify that Jacupiranga river is being degraded: with deforested margins, presence of sand banks and changes on river water quality. Diffuse pollution is caused by agricultural superficial runoff and point source pollution by the release of in natura and treated sewage and industrial effluent. The results found for suspended solids, turbidity, phosphate forms, electrical conductivity and coliforms are not in accordance with the limits set by brazilian rivers law, and affect the use of the waters of Jacupiranga river by population. The municipalities belonging to Jacupiranga river sub-basin are inserted in Registro administrative region that has an economy based mainly on farming, vegetable and mineral extraction. The parameters for socioeconomic and demographic factors, such as infant mortality, education, employment generation and income levels have a contrasting picture with the rest of Sao Paulo State. Besides this social and economic stagnation, the region has problems of flooding from rivers. Floods are natural events in study area, however, the absence of riparian vegetation and river aggradation are increasing the damage. In these situations, people lose their belongings and agricultural production is impaired. The results present that its necessary federal, state and private resources to implement policies aimed at social inclusion and promotion of integral human being, providing opportunities for employment and income, and environmental preservation.

A dissertação aborda as interações intersetoriais para a formulação das políticas públicas federais de apoio aos catadores de materiais recicláveis a partir da atuação do Comitê Interministerial para Inclusão Social e Econômica dos Catadores de Materiais Reutilizáveis e Recicláveis (CIISC) entre os anos de 2008 e 2014. A análise destaca a secretaria executiva desse comitê, bem como um importante membro, o Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE) através de sua Secretaria Nacional de Economia Solidária (Senaes). Para tanto, foi realizada uma reconstituição histórica do CIISC entre 2003 e 2015 com base em análise documental (legislação e relatórios governamentais), na literatura existente e nas entrevistas com gestores públicos realizadas no âmbito desta pesquisa. Assim, a dissertação busca compreender as influências das interações entre os diferentes órgãos e entidades do governo federal que integraram o CIISC, sobre as políticas públicas federais de apoio aos catadores e, nesse sentido, foram investigadas tanto a coordenação desse comitê por sua secretaria executiva, quanto as relações de colaboração, de indiferença e de oposição que perpassaram sua existência. Observa-se que, em meio à coordenação e às demais interações, tem destaque o papel de gestores públicos cuja atuação enquanto ativistas burocráticos foi extremamente importante para a coordenação intersetorial na formulação das políticas de apoio aos catadores. São então tratadas as dimensões em que se observam as articulações intersetoriais, bem como são traçados os limites dessas articulações nas políticas públicas federais de apoio aos catadores de materiais recicláveis. Observou-se que existem algumas políticas de apoio aos catadores que, embora relativamente isoladas entre si, foram internamente formuladas, financiadas e executadas de maneira articulada, de modo que, embora não seja possível descrevê-las em termos de um sistema, tampouco é adequado tratá-las como algo pontual a despeito de suas fragilidades / This dissertation discusses inter-sectoral interactions in the formulation of policies by the federal government to support waste pickers occurring in the Inter-ministerial Committee for the Social and Economic Inclusion of Waste Pickers (CIISC) between 2008 and 2014. This analysis highlights the executive secretariat of this committee, as well as an important member: the Labor and Employment Ministry (MTE) that acted through its National Secretariat of Solidarity Economy (Senaes). In this respect, we made a historical reconstitution of CIISC from 2003 to 2015 based in documental analysis (legislation and government reports), in the related literature and in interviews with public managers made in the course of this research. Thus, this dissertation seeks comprehending influences and interactions between different federal agencies and entities that took part in CIISC, on federal public policies in support of waste pickers. In this regard, we analyzed both the coordination of this committee by its executive secretariat and its relations of collaboration, indifference and opposition that permeated its existence. We found that, in the midst of coordination and other interactions, the role of public managers was central, whose performance as bureaucratic activists was crucial for the inter-sectoral coordination in the formulation of policy to support waste pickers. It is then analyzed the different dimensions of this inter-sectoral articulations, as well as it is traced its limits in the formulations of federal policies of support to waste pickers. We found that exists some policies in support of waste pickers that, although relatively isolated, were internally formulated, financed and executed in an articulated manner, such that, despite not being capable of being described as a system, it is inadequate of being treated as punctual in spite of it frailties

<p>This thesis begins by making two observations. First, that the regional economic landscapes in which we all live our daily lives, and which provide the basis for employment and prosperity, are constantly changing. Second, that one of the most popular strategies currently pursued by regions and nations for coping with such change, relies heavily on innovation within a few high-tech industries, biotech being one prominent example. The thesis is an investigation into the potential – and limits – of biotech-based development policies for creating renewal and economic growth at the local, regional or national scales. How does it really work when a team of biotech researchers develops a new invention? How can a small Swedish town manage to attract large foreign direct investments and stay competitive in the global biotech landscape? How is the performance of biotech knowledge workers affected by the places they live in, go to, leave, and make up? What impact can a biotech firm have on the local economic landscape in which it is located? These are the kind of questions that are studied in the four papers that make up this thesis. The thesis develops a conceptual framework within which we can better understand the extent to which mono-territorial actors, like regional and national policymakers, can influence high-tech sectors like biotech; sectors that are polycentric in nature and only partly take place in, or pass through, regional and national territories.</p>

<p>This thesis conceives aquaculture as a transfer of resources within and between different parts of the world system. It is argued that due to inappropriate human-nature interactions, resources tend to flow from the South to the North, as a process of coastal colonisation. To study this resource transfer, coastal aquaculture is ap-proached from a transdisciplinary perspective, integrating natural, social, economic and spatial aspects. By combining world system theory and general systems theory, a systems view is adopted to relate aquaculture to forces of global capitalism, and analyse interactions between social and ecological processes at local and global levels. Emergy (energy memory) synthesis and participatory research methodologies were applied to two cases of aquaculture in Sri Lanka and the Philippines; monocul-ture of the black tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) and milkfish (Chanos chanos), and polyculture of the two species together with mudcrab (Scylla serrata). The study reveals that semi-intensive shrimp monoculture in Sri Lanka generates few benefits for poor local people, and depends much on external inputs such as fry, feed and fuels, which implies negative environmental effects at local as well as global levels. Extensive polyculture in the Philippines involves more local people, and implies lower dependence on external inputs. Still, since benefits accrue mostly to elites, and mangroves are negatively affected, neither case is viable for sustainable poverty alleviation. Nevertheless, the study offers several insights into how sustainability assessment may be more transdisciplinary, and points to several factors affecting sustainability and fairness in aquaculture; the most important being mangrove con-version, local people involvement, and dependence on external inputs. Given that mangrove conversion is counteracted, extensive polyculture practices may also prove more viable in times of decreasing resources availability, and if policies are developed that favour resource efficient polyculture, and local small-scale and re-source poor farmers, instead of the global North.</p>

This thesis begins by making two observations. First, that the regional economic landscapes in which we all live our daily lives, and which provide the basis for employment and prosperity, are constantly changing. Second, that one of the most popular strategies currently pursued by regions and nations for coping with such change, relies heavily on innovation within a few high-tech industries, biotech being one prominent example. The thesis is an investigation into the potential – and limits – of biotech-based development policies for creating renewal and economic growth at the local, regional or national scales. How does it really work when a team of biotech researchers develops a new invention? How can a small Swedish town manage to attract large foreign direct investments and stay competitive in the global biotech landscape? How is the performance of biotech knowledge workers affected by the places they live in, go to, leave, and make up? What impact can a biotech firm have on the local economic landscape in which it is located? These are the kind of questions that are studied in the four papers that make up this thesis. The thesis develops a conceptual framework within which we can better understand the extent to which mono-territorial actors, like regional and national policymakers, can influence high-tech sectors like biotech; sectors that are polycentric in nature and only partly take place in, or pass through, regional and national territories.

This thesis conceives aquaculture as a transfer of resources within and between different parts of the world system. It is argued that due to inappropriate human-nature interactions, resources tend to flow from the South to the North, as a process of coastal colonisation. To study this resource transfer, coastal aquaculture is ap-proached from a transdisciplinary perspective, integrating natural, social, economic and spatial aspects. By combining world system theory and general systems theory, a systems view is adopted to relate aquaculture to forces of global capitalism, and analyse interactions between social and ecological processes at local and global levels. Emergy (energy memory) synthesis and participatory research methodologies were applied to two cases of aquaculture in Sri Lanka and the Philippines; monocul-ture of the black tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) and milkfish (Chanos chanos), and polyculture of the two species together with mudcrab (Scylla serrata). The study reveals that semi-intensive shrimp monoculture in Sri Lanka generates few benefits for poor local people, and depends much on external inputs such as fry, feed and fuels, which implies negative environmental effects at local as well as global levels. Extensive polyculture in the Philippines involves more local people, and implies lower dependence on external inputs. Still, since benefits accrue mostly to elites, and mangroves are negatively affected, neither case is viable for sustainable poverty alleviation. Nevertheless, the study offers several insights into how sustainability assessment may be more transdisciplinary, and points to several factors affecting sustainability and fairness in aquaculture; the most important being mangrove con-version, local people involvement, and dependence on external inputs. Given that mangrove conversion is counteracted, extensive polyculture practices may also prove more viable in times of decreasing resources availability, and if policies are developed that favour resource efficient polyculture, and local small-scale and re-source poor farmers, instead of the global North.

The aim of this thesis is to explore the quantitative potential to reduce energy requirements and CO2 emissions through changed patterns of consumption, given unchanged levels of consumption expenditure. The thesis question is analysed using a systems analysis approach which in this case means that life cycle assessment data on energy requirements and CO2 emissions related to household consumption are combined with a financial and behavioural analysis to make sure that the budget constraint is kept and that both the first and second order effects of adopting a green consumption pattern are analysed. The budget constraints are kept using a general linear model. By using marginal propensities to spend to direct the reallocation of saved or deficit money calculated utility is maintained as far as possible. Further, investigations explore the impact of individual household demographic characteristics and geographic context on household consumption patterns, energy requirements and CO2 emissions. The key result of this thesis is that changed household behaviour, choosing “green“ products and energy efficient technology will not make a big difference. What can be achieved in the short time perspective by adopting an almost completely green consumption pattern and energy efficient technology is a reduction of energy requirements by around 8% and CO2 emissions by around 13%. With a longer time perspective and further technological change that provides additional possibilities to move consumption patterns in a greener direction, the effect on energy requirements and CO2 emissions is still fairly small. By 2020, the potential to reduce energy requirements is around 13% and CO2 emissions around 25%. In the most extreme scenario (2050), the scope for reducing energy requirements is 17% and for CO2 emissions 30%. All these reductions will be outpaced by growth in income almost as soon as they are implemented. Of policy relevance the results reveal that very limited impact can be expected by a policy relying on greener consumption patterns, whether adopted voluntarily or as a result of incentives such as tax changes. Such a policy cannot achieve more than a small and temporary reduction to growth in energy requirements and CO2 emissions. It is also shown that, prescribing specific consumption patterns as a means of reducing energy requirements and CO2 emissions has to be done with care. This is illustrated by one of the experiments in which adopting a partly green consumption pattern, a green diet, in fact increased total energy requirements and CO2 emissions. This, and the results of all the other experiments show the importance of applying a systems approach. It demonstrates that life cycle data alone are irrelevant for assessing the total effects of adopting green consumption patterns. Further research on the potential to reduce energy requirements and CO2 emissions thus primarily needs to better capture system wide effects rather than to improve on, and fine tune the measurement of the energy requirements and CO2 emissions related to individual products.

Plusieurs indices permettent de croire que le premier ministre Harper a pour projet de faire du Parti conservateur le parti politique dominant au Canada. À cette fin, il doit transformer l’organisation sociale et politique du pays de façon à le rendre plus conservateur. L’objectif du présent mémoire est de préciser les fondements idéologiques du projet de réforme de l’État canadien du premier ministre en m’appuyant sur les écrits des membres de l’École de Calgary. Je fais l’hypothèse que les politiques publiques mises en place par Harper sont inspirées des convictions des membres de cette école de pensée, dont il est un proche. Dans le premier chapitre, je détermine la signification du concept d’idéologie et établis la pertinence de l’analyse des idéologies pour expliquer les décisions politiques. Je définis ensuite les principaux types de conservatisme, afin de déterminer lequel inspire les membres de l’École de Calgary et le Parti conservateur. Dans le second chapitre, je dresse un portrait de la pensée de l’École de Calgary relativement à quatre thèmes, soit ceux du développement économique et social, du pouvoir judiciaire, de la politique étrangère et de l’identité nationale. Enfin, dans le troisième chapitre, je recense les décisions prises par le gouvernement Harper en relation avec ces quatre mêmes thèmes et vérifie leur concordance avec les idées portées par l’École de Calgary. / Several signs suggest that Prime minister Stephen Harper is seeking to make the Conservative Party the new dominant political party in Canada. For this purpose, he has to transform the social and political organization of the country to make it more conservative and move the ideological preferences of the majority to the right. The objective of this thesis is to explain the ideological foundations of the reform strategy adopted by Harper in light of the writings of the members of the Calgary School. Because the Prime minister is close to the members of this school of thought, my hypothesis is that the public policies he implements are inspired by their convictions. Through a brief review of the literature, I clarify, in the first chapter, the meaning of the concept of ideology and establish the relevance of studying ideologies to explain political decisions. Then, I define the main types of conservatism to determine which one inspires the Calgary School and the Conservative Party. In the second chapter, I draw a portrait of the ideas promoted by the members of the Calgary School, on issues of social and economic development, on the role of the judiciary, on foreign relations and on national identity. Finally, in the third chapter, I identify the decisions taken by the Harper government in relation to these four themes since it came to power and I verify their consistency with the ideas promoted by the Calgary School.