Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-15T13:46:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Wilton Silvaseg.pdf: 1759779 bytes, checksum: 37264123478b13ed492ae7a203fd179d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-26T11:00:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Wilton Silvaseg.pdf: 1759779 bytes, checksum: 37264123478b13ed492ae7a203fd179d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-26T11:00:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Wilton Silvaseg.pdf: 1759779 bytes, checksum: 37264123478b13ed492ae7a203fd179d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Nos debates acadêmicos e nas representações midiáticas sobre a problemática das drogas, se tende a centralizar a abordagem na relação entre tráfico, violência e exclusão, muitas vezes naturalizando o consumo de substâncias psicoativas como um fator de desequilíbrio nas configurações socioculturais contemporâneas. Tal perspectiva enfatiza menos o discurso emitido do lugar do usuário que o seu papel como elo mais vulnerável da rede de consumo – principalmente sendo o comércio das drogas ilícitas um dos mais rentáveis do mercado. Se, ao naturalizar a relação entre drogas e ilicitude, se estigmatiza a identidade e as marcas distintivas do usuário, esta pesquisa investiga o discurso identitário que perpassa representações de estudantes universitários usuários – em um momento histórico no qual estes são colocados em evidência pela ampla exibição do filme Tropa de elite, e das proibições da apresentação do filme Maconha/Grass (a verdadeira história da proibição da maconha) em uma universidade federal e da Marcha da Maconha em várias capitais do país. / Salvador

This dissertation examines probation for young people in Canada. Ninety percent of all young people sentenced in Canada receive a non-custodial or community sentence, with probation accounting for the majority (91%) of community supervision admissions (Munch, 2012). However, little is actually known about the judicial use of probation, the conditions that are imposed as a part of this sentence and, more importantly, what factors are associated with breaches of probation. Breaches of probation, have historically been and continue to be significant pathways back into the youth justice system, especially incarceration. Using informal social control theory (wider social processes – family, school and peers) and an integrated sites of oppression lens (an analysis of marginalized populations) this research explores the factors that influence the nature and extent of probation sentences and if there is disparity in the use of probation sentences for female and Aboriginal youth. This dissertation reports on a province-wide investigation of a sample of all Ontario youth sentenced to probation (N=6051) in 2005 and 2006, using data from the Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services and the Ministry of Children and Youth Services. This research also explores a sub-sample of youth on probation who were charged with breach of probation (N=255) during the period of study. It appears judges use probation conditions as a means to mitigate informal social controls that may cause delinquency (e.g. poor parenting, school failure, delinquent peers). Little support was found for the hypotheses that girls would receive particular conditions (curfews, residence orders, non-association orders) because of gender bias. Girls were more likely to receive shorter sentences of probation, which is interesting given that they are more likely to be given probation for violent offences. An examination into the impact of race on probation sentences revealed the need for further investigation into judicial decision making with non-custodial sentences. Results of the analysis of the breach of probation data indicate that regardless of the commission of a new offence (in addition to a breach or breaches of probation) non-compliance with previous dispositions, like probation, remains a significant pathway back into the youth justice system. Girls, younger youth and Aboriginal youth are all more likely to be charged with breach of probation. Breaching conditions of probation may be unrelated to the original offence (for which the young person received probation) and may be connected to wider concerns about protection and social control. Marginalized youth, in particular, who breach probation, are significantly more likely to be charged by police and receive custody. The aim of this dissertation is to provide a comprehensive understanding of probation and probation violations and broaden the scope of our knowledge of probation. This research adds both empirically and theoretically to the current body of research on youth sentencing in Canada.

Sweden has an obligation to report child abuse suspicions to Social Services. According to Socialtjänstlagen (swedish constitution) 1 § Chapter 14, all employees in agencies affecting children, such as schools, have a responsibility to report their suspicions. Research shows that many abuses are not reported. The consequence of this is that Social Services does not hear about all cases of abused and harmed children. One profession where reporting is mandated is school counselors. The school counselor has a particular status in the educational community and meets many maltreated children, and children who injure themselves through their own behavior. The purpose of our study was to describe the circumstances that school counselors believe may affect their tendency to report. Using qualitative methods, we had eight interviews with school counselors from different municipalities who work with students of different ages, and who have different experiences within their profession. The result was related to the theoretical frames of the written composition by Stephen Webb’s (2006), The Rationality of Regulation and the Sociological Concepts of Formal and Informal Social Controls (Israel, 1968). Our study shows that all school counselors knew that a report had to be submitted even at the slightest suspicion, although several of them said that they in some cases avoided to report. The reasons for this, which all according to our interpretation means that the regulation and the social control of maltreated children does not always work, could have to do with the cooperation and response from the social services, or that they assumed that the involvement with the social services would not benefit the child. It could also be that the student’s situation was not serious enough to report, or that they wanted more information about the situation before reporting. Another reason could be that they assumed that there are better ways to sort out the students’ concerns within the school or other agencies, especially if it regards an older student. The study also shows that the school counselors felt there was a risk in losing the students trust when reporting their suspicions.

This dissertation uses a Sociological approach to analyse the risks associated with the practice of securities lending. Risks are those factors that inhibit the development of trust, and trust is essential for people to participate in financial transactions like securities lending. In this dissertation we show that, although there are a number of risks, individual and systemic, that are associated with securities lending, practitioners have, over time, developed an array of risk management procedures and practices to keep these risks at acceptable levels. Securities lending is however not practiced in a vacuum and the relevance of these risk management procedures is largely determined by the cultural environment in which it is practised. Values, norms and sanctions are crucial as social controls over behaviour that transpires in social structures. The presence of structural conditions necessary for the development of a culture of extreme opportunism is shown as arguably the greatest source of risk facing those who participate in financial transactions like securities lending. / Sociology / M.A.

Structural changes in the economy, such as new technological developments that create new conditions for the production and consumption of goods and services, have had a particularly strong impact on the popular music industry. This dissertation explores how musicians, record companies and publishers deal with the control dilemmas that the current environment poses for them. Music corporations face increasing financial pressures and struggle to find the right formulas for qualitative, yet commercial, music. Musicians try to create meaningful lives which involve writing and performing music. At the same time they try to make a decent living. Through an ethnographically inspired field study, the author finds that commercial sociability in the shape of phony friend-making practices emerges as an important control mechanism in music production, and an award-and-list culture operates as a classificatory control mechanism in music consumption. It is suggested that the popular music industry can be characterized by pseudo-Gemeinschaft. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2008

Care of the elderly is frequently debated in the Swedish media. Pensioners, who are often ill and lonely, need help with social care, such as cleaning and cooking, and health care, such as taking medicine and treatment of injuries and wounds. They are aided by home helpers from the home helper unit and assistant nurses and nurses from the health centre. How does control operate in this intimate and private situation, and what influences the home helpers? What is the relation between control and the delivery of care to the pensioners? These are the questions explored in this dissertation, based on an empirical study of domestic elderly care in a large city in Sweden. The thesis explores the conflict between the productification of care, manifested in administrative controls, and the needs and desires of the pensioners in specific care giving situations, manifested in self controls. It is seen that even during periods of high financial pressure, the home helpers are influenced by the pensioners. The home helpers are flexible and do extra things not included in the pre-specified social care contract for some pensioners. Flexibility is shown to be important for the pensioners, but the increased financial pressure makes it harder and harder for the home helpers to be flexible. It is therefore suggested in the thesis for social care service purchasers to put in some unspecified time in the social care decisions and not just pre-specified operational activities. In this way some flexibility will be built into the administrative system. The importance of cooperation between the health centre and the home helper unit is also stressed in the thesis. There is a need to issue administrative controls for cooperation. A joint task group, with members from the health centres and the home helper units, meetings between the home helpers and the nurses and specified guidelines for cooperation tasks can act as controls which would sustain significant and positive effects on the cooperation. Finally, a problematic underlying financial process for the home helper units is identified. The home helper units are not often compensated for yearly salary increases. The problems of the moment receive significantly more attention, but this thesis points to the need for discussing the ongoing, underlying and problematic financial process in the elderly care. / <p>Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2007</p>

This dissertation uses a Sociological approach to analyse the risks associated with the practice of securities lending. Risks are those factors that inhibit the development of trust, and trust is essential for people to participate in financial transactions like securities lending. In this dissertation we show that, although there are a number of risks, individual and systemic, that are associated with securities lending, practitioners have, over time, developed an array of risk management procedures and practices to keep these risks at acceptable levels. Securities lending is however not practiced in a vacuum and the relevance of these risk management procedures is largely determined by the cultural environment in which it is practised. Values, norms and sanctions are crucial as social controls over behaviour that transpires in social structures. The presence of structural conditions necessary for the development of a culture of extreme opportunism is shown as arguably the greatest source of risk facing those who participate in financial transactions like securities lending. / Sociology / M.A.