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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Biographie sociologique de Marcel Rioux

Forgues Lecavalier, Julien 02 1900 (has links)
Ce mémoire propose une étude du parcours de vie de Marcel Rioux qui cherche à saisir les conditions qui l’ont amené à incarner la figure de l’intellectuel au Québec à son époque. En effet, cette étude propose l’analyse de l’itinéraire social, tel que le suggère Bernard Lahire dans sa biographie sociologique, à l’origine de dispositions mentales et sociales, puis de ressources — héritées ou acquises au fil de l’itinéraire biographique de Rioux —, qui lui confère une position privilégiée dans la société; position en vertu de laquelle se forment l’autonomie et la liberté d’expression propres à l’engagement social et politique digne de lui conférer la qualité d’être intellectuel. C’est sur la base de la mobilisation de dispositions et de ressources particulières, qui prend la forme d’un rapport habitus et capital chez Pierre Bourdieu, propre à générer l’autonomie nécessaire à faire exister l’intellectuel dans son orbite et apte à légitimer sa position sur la scène publique, qu’il sera démontré en termes théoriques que n’est pas intellectuel qui veut. / This present master’s thesis proposes a study of the route of Marcel Rioux’s life in order to seize the conditions which lead him to embody the intellectual’s figure in Quebec in his time. Indeed, this study proposes the analysis of the social route, such as suggests Bernard Lahire in his sociological biography, at the origin of mental and social capacities, then of resources — inherited or acquired in the course of the bibliographic route of Rioux —, which confers him this privileged position in society; position by virtue of which form the autonomy and the freedom of expression for the social and political commitment conferring him the quality to be intellectual. On the basis of the mobilization of capacities and particular resources, which takes the combined shape of habitus and capital for Pierre Bourdieu, appropriate to generate the autonomy needed to make the intellectual exist in his orbit and capable of legitimizing his position on the public scene, it will be demonstrated in theoretical terms that is not intellectual whoever wants to be.
12

A re-communication conceptual framework: perceived influence of reality-altering events on organisational interaction behaviour

Koonin, Marla 12 1900 (has links)
ABSTRACT The researcher set out to gain an in-depth understanding of the possible influence of a reality-altering event on interaction behaviour (communication). The alteration in interaction behaviour referred to within the context of this study, is the communication phenomenon identified, explained and labelled as part of the study, which the researcher termed “re-communication”. This study partly aims at developing a re-communication conceptual framework that explains the re-communication phenomenon. In order to explain this unexplored communication phenomenon and develop a re-communication conceptual framework for it, the study focuses on how either strategic or spontaneous communication could be utilised in any reality-altering event to disclose information that would alter the co-constructed social reality between people. This information could be communicated either by the individual, who experienced a reality-altering event, or by persons or forms of communication external to the individual. Within the context of this study, the disclosure becomes the reality-altering event. Therefore, the proposed re-communication conceptual framework firstly addresses the elements that influence disclosure or non-disclosure. Secondly, it focusses on self-preservation communication strategies used to avoid disclosing or concealing the reality-altering event. Thirdly, the framework focuses on the actual reality-altering event, which, in this case, occurs when a gay individual’s sexual identity is disclosed to colleagues. Lastly, the framework looks at re-communication, which involves a perceived alteration in communication post-disclosure due to the altered reality. It is argued that the co-constructed social reality between a gay individual and a colleague is altered from a position of being unaware of the individual being gay to becoming aware. It is further argued that, because heterosexuality is regarded as the norm and the language and meaning ascribed to dominant symbols in society support heteronormativity, people often assume that a colleague is heterosexual and construct their reality based on this notion. Going into an interaction, both the gay individuals and their colleagues have their own social reality, which they have constructed through their experiences, as well as the co-constructed social reality they share with each colleague with whom they interact. This study was conducted within an interpretivist research paradigm and from the position of the theoretical foundation of symbolic interactionism, social constructionism and constructivism. A qualitative, exploratory research design was selected to collect the data by means of in-depth semi-structured interviews and narratives. Based on the insights provided by the participants, re-communication as a communication phenomenon was identified, explained and labelled and the resultant re-communication framework was developed. The re-communication conceptual framework was synergised by means of a thematic textual analysis and was guided by a number of assumptions and postulations arising from a strong theoretical foundation and a comprehensive literature review, which were supported by the findings. In this study, it was found that a reality-altering event is complex and multiple elements influence the way in which gay individuals’ sexual identity are disclosed or not disclosed within the organisational context. However, it has been discovered that communication is the vehicle for self-preservation and for disclosing information that will lead to a reality-altering event. Regardless of how small the influence or how limited the time, post the reality-altering event, the disclosure influences interaction behaviour (communication) and alters the co-constructed social reality between gay individuals and their colleagues. The colleagues go from a position of not knowing an individual was gay to knowing. It is noted that disclosure of a sexual identity and/or any other reality-altering event is not a once off reality-altering event, but rather a continuous process for gay individuals, because each time a new colleague enters the organisational contexts of gay individuals, they need to consider if – and if so, how – they want to disclose. In some cases, disclosure take places by others and the gay individual needs to decide how to deal with colleagues now knowing s/he is gay. The most significant contribution of the study is the identification, explanation and labelling of a previously unexplored communication phenomenon – that of re-communication – and the development of a re-communication conceptual framework that could contribute to the organisational reality in a two-fold manner. Firstly, such a framework will provide insights into and possible sense making of the disclosure experiences of gay individuals in the organisational context. Secondly, the outcome illustrates the importance of inclusive and positive organisational climates and/or cultures and the concomitant impact of positive engagements on organisational practices such as inclusive climates and cultures for sharing, employee loyalty, better team cooperation, trust among employees, increased employee wellbeing and more effective communication processes within organisations. / Communication Science / D. Phil. (Communication)
13

Re-Authroing narratives of trauma survivors in kwazulu-natal spiritual perspective

Manda, Charles Bester January 2013 (has links)
In his thesis, Re-authoring life narratives of trauma survivors in KwaZulu-Natal: Spiritual perspective, the researcher investigates a holistic understanding of the effects of trauma on surviving individuals and communities historically affected by political violence in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Traditionally, the exploration of the impact of trauma on survivors in South Africa has been focused mainly on the bio-psycho-social aspects. The Bio-psycho-social approach recognises that trauma affects people on several dimensions- biological, social and psychological. However, Nevid (et al 2006:19) and Kaminer (et al 2012) acknowledge that these bio-psychosocial factors are incomplete for us to understand the effects of trauma on the individual and call for consideration of all possible pathways and account for multiple factors, influences, and interactions. Using qualitative and narrative approach, personal life narratives were listened to with the aim of looking in depth at the effects of traumatic experiences on the research participants, and specifically investigate whether, and how trauma affected their spirituality. The findings show that the research participants sustained psychological, moral and spiritual injuries during and after traumatic experiences. The results concur with Buckenham’s (1999:7-8) argument that trauma wreaks its toll in the life of a person emotionally, psychologically, spiritually, in our relationships with ourselves, others and with God. The study also established that regardless of religious affiliation, research participants turned to spiritual resources for answers, healing and recovery in traumatic situations. Therefore, the study recommends the integration of the spiritual perspective to reach a holistic model of understanding and treating traumatized individuals and communities. Although the study is localised in the South African context, the results have a much wider relevance in understanding the role of ‘posttraumatic spirituality’ in the re-authoring of life narratives shattered by trauma. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Practical Theology / unrestricted
14

Implications of environmental educators' perceptions regarding the use of genetically modified crops towards sustainable development

Le Roux, Stephanus Jacobus 30 November 2004 (has links)
Genetically modified (GM) crops gained attention in southern Africa as countries are struggling with food insecurity and poverty to achieve sustainable development. The controversy around GM crops have provoked heated debates. GM crops are often perceived as a global risk to human health and the environment. The research question is what are the perceptions of environmental educators regarding the use of GM crops toward sustainable development. In the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development environmental educators will need to be key role players in addressing crucial issues such as GM crops. Their perceptions hold many implications for educational programmes. Environmental educators interviewed perceive GM crops as a serious issue. As mediators in a multidisciplinary setting between science and society, environmental educators can play a functional role. Open processes that require greater participation, criticality and reflexivity need to be facilitated in a complex biophysical and social context in southern Africa. / Educational Studies / M. Ed.(Environmental Education)
15

Implications of environmental educators' perceptions regarding the use of genetically modified crops towards sustainable development

Le Roux, Stephanus Jacobus 30 November 2004 (has links)
Genetically modified (GM) crops gained attention in southern Africa as countries are struggling with food insecurity and poverty to achieve sustainable development. The controversy around GM crops have provoked heated debates. GM crops are often perceived as a global risk to human health and the environment. The research question is what are the perceptions of environmental educators regarding the use of GM crops toward sustainable development. In the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development environmental educators will need to be key role players in addressing crucial issues such as GM crops. Their perceptions hold many implications for educational programmes. Environmental educators interviewed perceive GM crops as a serious issue. As mediators in a multidisciplinary setting between science and society, environmental educators can play a functional role. Open processes that require greater participation, criticality and reflexivity need to be facilitated in a complex biophysical and social context in southern Africa. / Educational Studies / M. Ed.(Environmental Education)
16

"Tenemos miedo de nosotros mismos" : a construção social do medo em uma situação de conflito prolongado : os refugiados colombianos reassentados no Rio Grande do Sul

Oliveira, Aline Passuelo de January 2012 (has links)
A presente dissertação aborda a situação de conflito prolongado estabelecido na Colômbia a partir da metade do século XX e o impacto que esse embate entre grupos guerrilheiros, grupos paramilitares e o poder estatal tem na população local. A Colômbia é um dos países com o maior número de deslocados internos e refugiados do mundo, demonstrando a centralidade que a temática das migrações tem no cotidiano de sua população. A abordagem aqui empreendida trabalha com deslocados colombianos que pediram refúgio no Equador e necessitaram buscar um terceiro país para serem reassentados, nesse caso no Brasil e, mais especificamente, o Rio Grande do Sul. Diante disso, questiona-se como viver em um país em que há um conflito prolongado influencia no processo de socialização dos indivíduos? Como o medo socialmente construído pela constante presença e ameaça de tal conflito, conforma a trajetória dos indivíduos e faz com a migração seja uma estratégia presente em suas vidas? E, por fim, como o medo continua operando e mobilizando a vida dos refugiados reassentados? Objetiva discutir as principais correntes teóricas que abordam a questão migratória, focando na contribuição que a percepção da violência como fator migratório traz ao campo de discussão das migrações; contextualizar o conflito na Colômbia e analisar como se dá o processo de refúgio no Equador e de reassentamento de refugiados colombianos no Brasil. A partir da trajetória de vida de uma amostra com seis reassentados, buscar apreender como o conflito experienciado em seu país de origem afetou e influenciou suas vidas, objetivando identificar como o medo, enquanto construção social,fez parte da socialização dessas pessoas e de como segue fazendo parte de suas vidas no país de primeiro asilo e no país de reassentamento. As hipóteses que norteiam esse trabalho são que os indivíduos expostos a situações de conflito prolongado desenvolvem disposições para migrar, que são adquiridas ao longo do processo de socialização através do contato com diferentes grupos e espaços, tornando temas como conflito, violência e migração recorrentes nas diferentes esferas da vida social; em sociedades que enfrentam conflitos prolongados, a violência sistematicamente impetrada contra as populações e seus ecos na vida social, faz com que seja desenvolvido um medo coletivo. Esse medo, socialmente construído, influencia na trajetória de vida dos indivíduos, que buscam migrar como estratégia de sobrevivência; o indivíduo que foi socializado nessas condições acaba carregando consigo tal medo socialmente construído e em muitas situações, acaba reproduzindo nas sociedades de acolhida, atitudes e reações pautadas em suas experiências pregressas. Para que seja empreendida tal análise serão utilizados os conceitos de medo socialmente construído, socialização, habitus e estratégia. É uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas em profundidade, além da coleta de dados qualitativos que visam identificar a trajetória. Tais dados foram interpretados á luz da análise de conteúdo. / The present dissertation approaches the situation of extended conflict established in Colombia since de middle of the 20th century and the impact that this brunt between guerrilla groups, paramilitary groups and the state power have on the local community. Colombia is one of the countries with the largest number of internally displaced and refugees in the world, demonstrating the centrality that the theme of migration have on the daily life of its population. The approach here undertakes works with displaced Colombians who requested refugee on Equator and needed to seek a third country to be resettled, in this case in Brazil and, more specifically, Rio Grande do Sul. Given this fact, it's questioned how living in a country where there is a prolonged conflict influences the process of socialization of the individuals? How the fear socially constructed by the constant presence and threat of such conflict conforms the trajectory of the individuals and makes the immigration a present strategy in their lives? And, lastly, how the fear keeps operating and mobilizing the lives of the resettled refugees? It is intended to discuss the main theoretical currents that approach the migration matter, focusing on the contribution that the perception of violence as a migratory factor brings to the field of migration discussion; contextualize the conflict in Colombia and analyze how the process of refuge in Equator and resettlement of Colombian refugees in Brazil happens. From the life trajectory of a sample of six resettled, seek to learn how the conflict experienced in their country of origin affected and influenced their lives, aiming to identify how the fear, as a social construction, took part of the socialization of those people and how it keeps being a part of their lives in the country of first refuge and in the resettlement country. The hypotheses that guide this work are that the individuals exposed to the extended conflict situations develop willingness to migrate, which are acquired along the process of socialization through the contact with different groups and spaces, making subjects such as conflict, violence and migration recurrent on different spheres of social life; in societies that face extended conflicts, the violence systematically filed against the populations and its echoes on the social life, develops a collective fear. This fear, socially constructed, influences the life trajectory of the individuals which seek to migrate as a survival strategy; the individual that was socialized on those conditions ends up carrying with such fear socially constructed, and in many situations, ends up reproducing in the host society attitudes and reactions based on their previous experiences. To undertake this analysis, it will be used the concepts of socially constructed fear, socialization, habitus and strategy. It’s a exploratory research and the methodological procedures used were bibliographical researches and in-depth interviews, in addition to qualitative data collection, aimed to identify the trajectory. These data were interpreted in the light of the content analysis. / La presente tesis aborda la situación de conflicto prolongado establecido en Colombia a partir de la mitad del siglo XX y el impacto que ese embate entre grupos guerrilleros, grupos paramilitares y el poder estatal tiene en la población local. Colombia es uno de los países con mayor número de desplazados internos y refugiados del mundo, demostrando la centralidad que la temática de las migraciones tiene en el cotidiano de la población. El enfoque aquí emprendido trabaja con los desplazados colombianos que pidieron refugio en Ecuador y necesitaron buscar un tercer país para su reasentamiento, en este caso Brasil y, más específicamente, en Rio Grande del Sur. Desde esta realidad, se cuestiona: ¿Cómo vivir en un país, a partir de la influencia de un conflicto prolongado en el proceso de socialización de los individuos?, ¿Cómo el miedo socialmente construido por la constante presencia y amenaza de tal conflicto, conforma la trayectoria de los individuos y hace que la migración sea una estrategia presente en sus vidas?, Y finalmente, ¿Cómo el miedo continúa operando y movilizando la vida de los refugiados reasentados? Se pretende discutir las principales corrientes teóricas que abordan la cuestión migratoria, enfocando en la contribución que la percepción de la violencia como factor migratorio trae al campo de discusión de las migraciones; contextualizar el conflicto en Colombia y analizar cómo se da el proceso de refugio en Ecuador y de reasentamiento de refugiados colombianos en Brasil. A partir de la trayectoria de vida de una muestra con seis reasentados, buscar aprender cómo el conflicto vivido en su país de origen afectó e influenció sus vidas, objetivando identificar cómo el miedo, en cuanto construcción social, formó parte de la socialización de esas personas y de cómo sigue siendo parte en sus vidas en el país de primer asilo y en el país de reasentamiento. Las hipótesis que orientan este trabajo son: que los individuos expuestos a situaciones de conflicto prolongado desenvuelven disposiciones para migrar, adquiridas a lo largo del proceso de socialización a través del contacto con diferentes grupos y espacios, surgiendo temas como conflicto, violencia y migración habituales en las diferentes esferas de la vida social; en sociedades que enfrentan conflictos prolongados, la violencia sistemáticamente impregnada contra las poblaciones y sus ecos en la vida social, hace que sea expandido un miedo colectivo. Ese miedo, socialmente construido, influye en la trayectoria de vida de los individuos, que buscan migrar como estrategia de sobrevivencia; el individuo que fue socializado bajo esas condiciones acaba llevando consigo tal miedo socialmente construido y que en muchas situaciones, acaba reproduciendo en las sociedades acogedoras, actitudes y reacciones pautadas en sus experiencias pasadas. Para que sea emprendido tal análisis serán utilizados los conceptos de miedo socialmente construido, socialización, habitus y estrategia. Es una investigación de carácter exploratorio y los procedimientos metodológicos utilizados fueron la investigación bibliográfica y entrevistas en profundidad, además de la colecta de datos cualitativos que visan identificar las trayectorias. Tales datos fueron interpretados a la luz del análisis del contenido.
17

"Tenemos miedo de nosotros mismos" : a construção social do medo em uma situação de conflito prolongado : os refugiados colombianos reassentados no Rio Grande do Sul

Oliveira, Aline Passuelo de January 2012 (has links)
A presente dissertação aborda a situação de conflito prolongado estabelecido na Colômbia a partir da metade do século XX e o impacto que esse embate entre grupos guerrilheiros, grupos paramilitares e o poder estatal tem na população local. A Colômbia é um dos países com o maior número de deslocados internos e refugiados do mundo, demonstrando a centralidade que a temática das migrações tem no cotidiano de sua população. A abordagem aqui empreendida trabalha com deslocados colombianos que pediram refúgio no Equador e necessitaram buscar um terceiro país para serem reassentados, nesse caso no Brasil e, mais especificamente, o Rio Grande do Sul. Diante disso, questiona-se como viver em um país em que há um conflito prolongado influencia no processo de socialização dos indivíduos? Como o medo socialmente construído pela constante presença e ameaça de tal conflito, conforma a trajetória dos indivíduos e faz com a migração seja uma estratégia presente em suas vidas? E, por fim, como o medo continua operando e mobilizando a vida dos refugiados reassentados? Objetiva discutir as principais correntes teóricas que abordam a questão migratória, focando na contribuição que a percepção da violência como fator migratório traz ao campo de discussão das migrações; contextualizar o conflito na Colômbia e analisar como se dá o processo de refúgio no Equador e de reassentamento de refugiados colombianos no Brasil. A partir da trajetória de vida de uma amostra com seis reassentados, buscar apreender como o conflito experienciado em seu país de origem afetou e influenciou suas vidas, objetivando identificar como o medo, enquanto construção social,fez parte da socialização dessas pessoas e de como segue fazendo parte de suas vidas no país de primeiro asilo e no país de reassentamento. As hipóteses que norteiam esse trabalho são que os indivíduos expostos a situações de conflito prolongado desenvolvem disposições para migrar, que são adquiridas ao longo do processo de socialização através do contato com diferentes grupos e espaços, tornando temas como conflito, violência e migração recorrentes nas diferentes esferas da vida social; em sociedades que enfrentam conflitos prolongados, a violência sistematicamente impetrada contra as populações e seus ecos na vida social, faz com que seja desenvolvido um medo coletivo. Esse medo, socialmente construído, influencia na trajetória de vida dos indivíduos, que buscam migrar como estratégia de sobrevivência; o indivíduo que foi socializado nessas condições acaba carregando consigo tal medo socialmente construído e em muitas situações, acaba reproduzindo nas sociedades de acolhida, atitudes e reações pautadas em suas experiências pregressas. Para que seja empreendida tal análise serão utilizados os conceitos de medo socialmente construído, socialização, habitus e estratégia. É uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas em profundidade, além da coleta de dados qualitativos que visam identificar a trajetória. Tais dados foram interpretados á luz da análise de conteúdo. / The present dissertation approaches the situation of extended conflict established in Colombia since de middle of the 20th century and the impact that this brunt between guerrilla groups, paramilitary groups and the state power have on the local community. Colombia is one of the countries with the largest number of internally displaced and refugees in the world, demonstrating the centrality that the theme of migration have on the daily life of its population. The approach here undertakes works with displaced Colombians who requested refugee on Equator and needed to seek a third country to be resettled, in this case in Brazil and, more specifically, Rio Grande do Sul. Given this fact, it's questioned how living in a country where there is a prolonged conflict influences the process of socialization of the individuals? How the fear socially constructed by the constant presence and threat of such conflict conforms the trajectory of the individuals and makes the immigration a present strategy in their lives? And, lastly, how the fear keeps operating and mobilizing the lives of the resettled refugees? It is intended to discuss the main theoretical currents that approach the migration matter, focusing on the contribution that the perception of violence as a migratory factor brings to the field of migration discussion; contextualize the conflict in Colombia and analyze how the process of refuge in Equator and resettlement of Colombian refugees in Brazil happens. From the life trajectory of a sample of six resettled, seek to learn how the conflict experienced in their country of origin affected and influenced their lives, aiming to identify how the fear, as a social construction, took part of the socialization of those people and how it keeps being a part of their lives in the country of first refuge and in the resettlement country. The hypotheses that guide this work are that the individuals exposed to the extended conflict situations develop willingness to migrate, which are acquired along the process of socialization through the contact with different groups and spaces, making subjects such as conflict, violence and migration recurrent on different spheres of social life; in societies that face extended conflicts, the violence systematically filed against the populations and its echoes on the social life, develops a collective fear. This fear, socially constructed, influences the life trajectory of the individuals which seek to migrate as a survival strategy; the individual that was socialized on those conditions ends up carrying with such fear socially constructed, and in many situations, ends up reproducing in the host society attitudes and reactions based on their previous experiences. To undertake this analysis, it will be used the concepts of socially constructed fear, socialization, habitus and strategy. It’s a exploratory research and the methodological procedures used were bibliographical researches and in-depth interviews, in addition to qualitative data collection, aimed to identify the trajectory. These data were interpreted in the light of the content analysis. / La presente tesis aborda la situación de conflicto prolongado establecido en Colombia a partir de la mitad del siglo XX y el impacto que ese embate entre grupos guerrilleros, grupos paramilitares y el poder estatal tiene en la población local. Colombia es uno de los países con mayor número de desplazados internos y refugiados del mundo, demostrando la centralidad que la temática de las migraciones tiene en el cotidiano de la población. El enfoque aquí emprendido trabaja con los desplazados colombianos que pidieron refugio en Ecuador y necesitaron buscar un tercer país para su reasentamiento, en este caso Brasil y, más específicamente, en Rio Grande del Sur. Desde esta realidad, se cuestiona: ¿Cómo vivir en un país, a partir de la influencia de un conflicto prolongado en el proceso de socialización de los individuos?, ¿Cómo el miedo socialmente construido por la constante presencia y amenaza de tal conflicto, conforma la trayectoria de los individuos y hace que la migración sea una estrategia presente en sus vidas?, Y finalmente, ¿Cómo el miedo continúa operando y movilizando la vida de los refugiados reasentados? Se pretende discutir las principales corrientes teóricas que abordan la cuestión migratoria, enfocando en la contribución que la percepción de la violencia como factor migratorio trae al campo de discusión de las migraciones; contextualizar el conflicto en Colombia y analizar cómo se da el proceso de refugio en Ecuador y de reasentamiento de refugiados colombianos en Brasil. A partir de la trayectoria de vida de una muestra con seis reasentados, buscar aprender cómo el conflicto vivido en su país de origen afectó e influenció sus vidas, objetivando identificar cómo el miedo, en cuanto construcción social, formó parte de la socialización de esas personas y de cómo sigue siendo parte en sus vidas en el país de primer asilo y en el país de reasentamiento. Las hipótesis que orientan este trabajo son: que los individuos expuestos a situaciones de conflicto prolongado desenvuelven disposiciones para migrar, adquiridas a lo largo del proceso de socialización a través del contacto con diferentes grupos y espacios, surgiendo temas como conflicto, violencia y migración habituales en las diferentes esferas de la vida social; en sociedades que enfrentan conflictos prolongados, la violencia sistemáticamente impregnada contra las poblaciones y sus ecos en la vida social, hace que sea expandido un miedo colectivo. Ese miedo, socialmente construido, influye en la trayectoria de vida de los individuos, que buscan migrar como estrategia de sobrevivencia; el individuo que fue socializado bajo esas condiciones acaba llevando consigo tal miedo socialmente construido y que en muchas situaciones, acaba reproduciendo en las sociedades acogedoras, actitudes y reacciones pautadas en sus experiencias pasadas. Para que sea emprendido tal análisis serán utilizados los conceptos de miedo socialmente construido, socialización, habitus y estrategia. Es una investigación de carácter exploratorio y los procedimientos metodológicos utilizados fueron la investigación bibliográfica y entrevistas en profundidad, además de la colecta de datos cualitativos que visan identificar las trayectorias. Tales datos fueron interpretados a la luz del análisis del contenido.
18

"Tenemos miedo de nosotros mismos" : a construção social do medo em uma situação de conflito prolongado : os refugiados colombianos reassentados no Rio Grande do Sul

Oliveira, Aline Passuelo de January 2012 (has links)
A presente dissertação aborda a situação de conflito prolongado estabelecido na Colômbia a partir da metade do século XX e o impacto que esse embate entre grupos guerrilheiros, grupos paramilitares e o poder estatal tem na população local. A Colômbia é um dos países com o maior número de deslocados internos e refugiados do mundo, demonstrando a centralidade que a temática das migrações tem no cotidiano de sua população. A abordagem aqui empreendida trabalha com deslocados colombianos que pediram refúgio no Equador e necessitaram buscar um terceiro país para serem reassentados, nesse caso no Brasil e, mais especificamente, o Rio Grande do Sul. Diante disso, questiona-se como viver em um país em que há um conflito prolongado influencia no processo de socialização dos indivíduos? Como o medo socialmente construído pela constante presença e ameaça de tal conflito, conforma a trajetória dos indivíduos e faz com a migração seja uma estratégia presente em suas vidas? E, por fim, como o medo continua operando e mobilizando a vida dos refugiados reassentados? Objetiva discutir as principais correntes teóricas que abordam a questão migratória, focando na contribuição que a percepção da violência como fator migratório traz ao campo de discussão das migrações; contextualizar o conflito na Colômbia e analisar como se dá o processo de refúgio no Equador e de reassentamento de refugiados colombianos no Brasil. A partir da trajetória de vida de uma amostra com seis reassentados, buscar apreender como o conflito experienciado em seu país de origem afetou e influenciou suas vidas, objetivando identificar como o medo, enquanto construção social,fez parte da socialização dessas pessoas e de como segue fazendo parte de suas vidas no país de primeiro asilo e no país de reassentamento. As hipóteses que norteiam esse trabalho são que os indivíduos expostos a situações de conflito prolongado desenvolvem disposições para migrar, que são adquiridas ao longo do processo de socialização através do contato com diferentes grupos e espaços, tornando temas como conflito, violência e migração recorrentes nas diferentes esferas da vida social; em sociedades que enfrentam conflitos prolongados, a violência sistematicamente impetrada contra as populações e seus ecos na vida social, faz com que seja desenvolvido um medo coletivo. Esse medo, socialmente construído, influencia na trajetória de vida dos indivíduos, que buscam migrar como estratégia de sobrevivência; o indivíduo que foi socializado nessas condições acaba carregando consigo tal medo socialmente construído e em muitas situações, acaba reproduzindo nas sociedades de acolhida, atitudes e reações pautadas em suas experiências pregressas. Para que seja empreendida tal análise serão utilizados os conceitos de medo socialmente construído, socialização, habitus e estratégia. É uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas em profundidade, além da coleta de dados qualitativos que visam identificar a trajetória. Tais dados foram interpretados á luz da análise de conteúdo. / The present dissertation approaches the situation of extended conflict established in Colombia since de middle of the 20th century and the impact that this brunt between guerrilla groups, paramilitary groups and the state power have on the local community. Colombia is one of the countries with the largest number of internally displaced and refugees in the world, demonstrating the centrality that the theme of migration have on the daily life of its population. The approach here undertakes works with displaced Colombians who requested refugee on Equator and needed to seek a third country to be resettled, in this case in Brazil and, more specifically, Rio Grande do Sul. Given this fact, it's questioned how living in a country where there is a prolonged conflict influences the process of socialization of the individuals? How the fear socially constructed by the constant presence and threat of such conflict conforms the trajectory of the individuals and makes the immigration a present strategy in their lives? And, lastly, how the fear keeps operating and mobilizing the lives of the resettled refugees? It is intended to discuss the main theoretical currents that approach the migration matter, focusing on the contribution that the perception of violence as a migratory factor brings to the field of migration discussion; contextualize the conflict in Colombia and analyze how the process of refuge in Equator and resettlement of Colombian refugees in Brazil happens. From the life trajectory of a sample of six resettled, seek to learn how the conflict experienced in their country of origin affected and influenced their lives, aiming to identify how the fear, as a social construction, took part of the socialization of those people and how it keeps being a part of their lives in the country of first refuge and in the resettlement country. The hypotheses that guide this work are that the individuals exposed to the extended conflict situations develop willingness to migrate, which are acquired along the process of socialization through the contact with different groups and spaces, making subjects such as conflict, violence and migration recurrent on different spheres of social life; in societies that face extended conflicts, the violence systematically filed against the populations and its echoes on the social life, develops a collective fear. This fear, socially constructed, influences the life trajectory of the individuals which seek to migrate as a survival strategy; the individual that was socialized on those conditions ends up carrying with such fear socially constructed, and in many situations, ends up reproducing in the host society attitudes and reactions based on their previous experiences. To undertake this analysis, it will be used the concepts of socially constructed fear, socialization, habitus and strategy. It’s a exploratory research and the methodological procedures used were bibliographical researches and in-depth interviews, in addition to qualitative data collection, aimed to identify the trajectory. These data were interpreted in the light of the content analysis. / La presente tesis aborda la situación de conflicto prolongado establecido en Colombia a partir de la mitad del siglo XX y el impacto que ese embate entre grupos guerrilleros, grupos paramilitares y el poder estatal tiene en la población local. Colombia es uno de los países con mayor número de desplazados internos y refugiados del mundo, demostrando la centralidad que la temática de las migraciones tiene en el cotidiano de la población. El enfoque aquí emprendido trabaja con los desplazados colombianos que pidieron refugio en Ecuador y necesitaron buscar un tercer país para su reasentamiento, en este caso Brasil y, más específicamente, en Rio Grande del Sur. Desde esta realidad, se cuestiona: ¿Cómo vivir en un país, a partir de la influencia de un conflicto prolongado en el proceso de socialización de los individuos?, ¿Cómo el miedo socialmente construido por la constante presencia y amenaza de tal conflicto, conforma la trayectoria de los individuos y hace que la migración sea una estrategia presente en sus vidas?, Y finalmente, ¿Cómo el miedo continúa operando y movilizando la vida de los refugiados reasentados? Se pretende discutir las principales corrientes teóricas que abordan la cuestión migratoria, enfocando en la contribución que la percepción de la violencia como factor migratorio trae al campo de discusión de las migraciones; contextualizar el conflicto en Colombia y analizar cómo se da el proceso de refugio en Ecuador y de reasentamiento de refugiados colombianos en Brasil. A partir de la trayectoria de vida de una muestra con seis reasentados, buscar aprender cómo el conflicto vivido en su país de origen afectó e influenció sus vidas, objetivando identificar cómo el miedo, en cuanto construcción social, formó parte de la socialización de esas personas y de cómo sigue siendo parte en sus vidas en el país de primer asilo y en el país de reasentamiento. Las hipótesis que orientan este trabajo son: que los individuos expuestos a situaciones de conflicto prolongado desenvuelven disposiciones para migrar, adquiridas a lo largo del proceso de socialización a través del contacto con diferentes grupos y espacios, surgiendo temas como conflicto, violencia y migración habituales en las diferentes esferas de la vida social; en sociedades que enfrentan conflictos prolongados, la violencia sistemáticamente impregnada contra las poblaciones y sus ecos en la vida social, hace que sea expandido un miedo colectivo. Ese miedo, socialmente construido, influye en la trayectoria de vida de los individuos, que buscan migrar como estrategia de sobrevivencia; el individuo que fue socializado bajo esas condiciones acaba llevando consigo tal miedo socialmente construido y que en muchas situaciones, acaba reproduciendo en las sociedades acogedoras, actitudes y reacciones pautadas en sus experiencias pasadas. Para que sea emprendido tal análisis serán utilizados los conceptos de miedo socialmente construido, socialización, habitus y estrategia. Es una investigación de carácter exploratorio y los procedimientos metodológicos utilizados fueron la investigación bibliográfica y entrevistas en profundidad, además de la colecta de datos cualitativos que visan identificar las trayectorias. Tales datos fueron interpretados a la luz del análisis del contenido.

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