This thesis focuses on pre-conditions for organisations to implement knowledge management systems (KMS). Prior research suggests knowledge management (KM) is a capability and, as such, organisations need to know if they are ready to embark on KM initiatives that develop this capability. The findings of my research contend that measuring readiness is a prerequisite for implementing KMS holistically. I argue that effective KMS integrates the creation, mobilisation and diffusion stages of the knowledge life-cycle. Therefore, a system for gauging organisational readiness for KMS necessitates understanding the organisation’s inclination to create, mobilise and diffuse knowledge. Drawing from Socio-Technical Systems (STS) Theory, this study uses three dimensions, Infrastructure, Knowledge Structure and Knowledge Culture, to gauge each stage of the knowledge life-cycle. This study develops an instrument – the Knowledge Implementation Assessment Tool (KIAT) – to assess an organisation’s readiness for KMS. An organisation’s readiness can be said to increase as the measure on each dimension increases. In addition, this study found that structurally diverse Communities For Performance are needed to leverage Communities Of Practice in delivering direct business results, and that the implementation of KMS must be governed within and by cross-functional business processes. The knowledge-based theory of the firm and the knowledge life-cycle theory provide a conceptual understanding that managing the creation, mobilisation and diffusion of knowledge can yield competitive advantage. Based on these theories, an in-depth case study was conducted in Schlumberger’s technical service delivery process. The study analysed the implementation and the use of InTouch, Schlumberger’s KMS. The case study was conducted using an Abductive research strategy. The Means-End Chain approach and its laddering technique were used to collect and analyse data to establish 35 attributes vital for the implementation of an effective KMS – one that brings beneficial results. These attributes form the basis for creating the readiness assessment instrument – KIAT. A KMS implementation affects the social and technical aspects of an organisation. This study categorised the attributes along the three STS dimensions. The basis of the categorisation was the fit between each attribute and an STS dimension. The result is an assessment instrument to measure organisational readiness. The instrument, KIAT, consists of 50 factors to measure organisational readiness along the three STS dimensions for the creation, mobilisation and diffusion of knowledge. KIAT is operationalised in three organisational cases in different industries and processes. This allowed the instrument to be refined and led to the development of procedures to apply KIAT. The cases suggest that KIAT provides useful insights to discover or confirm KMS readiness where a cross-functional business process is the unit of analysis. The research contributes to research methodology in the KM field, as it is the first to use the Means-End Chain approach into knowledge management research by representing a hierarchy of organisational goals in a knowledge management initiative. For practitioners, my research makes two contributions. One, the KIAT readiness assessment instrument to diagnose their organisational readiness and take informed decisions. Two, the understanding of Communities For Performance. This study points the way for further research. This includes directions to explore the relationship between the levels of readiness and the effectiveness of KMS implementation, the relationship between organisations’ experience and their readiness, and the relationship between the dynamics of the KIAT Factors and organisational learning.

As últimas décadas foram marcadas pela consolidação em nível mundial de uma sociedade da informação, enquanto modelo societal dinâmico e flexível, amparada nas TICs (como base material). Atualmente, a internet tem importância fundamental neste contexto, haja vista que representa a constituição de um ciberespaço, isto é, de uma sociedade virtual e em rede, de um novo espaço de sociabilidades. A partir do entendimento das possibilidades sociais permitidas pela internet, órgãos governamentais e comunidades locais passaram a discutir acerca de alternativas à problemática da exclusão digital, entendida como empecilho ao ingresso de grupos sociais pobres à sociedade da informação. Em resposta a esta situação, vêm sendo criadas neste último decênio unidades de telecentros – espaços para livre acesso comunitário à informática e à internet –, sobretudo nas periferias das grandes cidades do país. Na esteira destas considerações, nossa pesquisa analisou redes de interações sociais formadas por usuários de telecentros comunitários nos e a partir de tais ambientes, ou seja, no contexto local e através do ciberespaço – ou, em outras palavras, em uma dimensão global –, a fim de verificar como elas se constituem, se transformam, se reproduzem, etc. Assim, logramos apreender, sob o prisma das redes, o contexto de interação entre os usuários de telecentros e a sociedade da informação. Para tanto, partimos de uma perspectiva teórica sociotécnica – a qual subentende que elementos humanos e não-humanos compõem a realidade, associados em redes –, ou, mais precisamente, da teoria do ator-rede (TAR), e também de um pensamento rizomático, que visa assegurar a ampla complexidade intrínseca às redes. Foram estudados dois telecentros comunitários de Porto Alegre-RS: Timbaúva e Vila Cruzeiro – localizados nas zonas norte e sul do município, respectivamente. Seguindo uma abordagem qualitativa, fizemos observações de campo durante quatro meses e realizamos trinta e duas entrevistas individuais semi-abertas, que buscavam compreender de que forma os usuários de telecentros se relacionavam com outrem (em redes), tanto nestes próprios espaços quanto por meio do ciberespaço. Na seqüência, fizemos uma análise de conteúdo das entrevistas e uma exposição etnográfica de nossas vivências nos telecentros, e pudemos desenvolver uma reconstrução de redes de interações sociais, em que traçamos associações entre elementos (coisas e pessoas) e identificamos fluxos de sociabilidades, movimentos no interior das redes. / The last decades were really marked all over the world by the consolidation of an information society, as a dynamic and flexible societal model, based materially on ICTs. Currently, the internet has a fundamental importance in this context, since it allows the constitution of a cyberspace, which is a network and virtual society, a brand new space of sociabilities. Starting from the understanding of the social possibilities granted by internet, governmental organizations and local communities started to discuss about alternatives to digital divide, understood as a hindrance to the access of the poorest social groups into the information society. To solve this situation, telecenters – places for free computer and internet access – have been created in the last decade, mainly in the outskirts of Brazil’s big cities. Considering the subject showed above, our research has analyzed the social interaction networks made by communitarian telecenter users in and from these places, or better, in the local context and through the cyberspace – or, in other words, in a global dimension – to check how they are built, transformed, and reproduced, etc. So, we learned what happens during the interaction between telecenter users and information society – under the network point of view. To get it, we started from a socio-technical analysis – which conceives that reality is composed by humans and non-humans association networks –, or, specifically, from the actor-network theory (ANT), and also from a rizomatic thought that is able to express how nets are complex. We have studied two communitarian telecenters from Porto Alegre-RS: Timbaúva and Vila Cruzeiro – placed respectively in the north and in the south of this town. Following the qualitative method, we made field observations for four months and applied thirty two individual and open (not entirely) interviews, which tried to catch how telecenter users related to each other in these spaces and through the cyberspace. Afterwards, we did a content analysis of the interviews and made an ethnographic description about our telecenter experiences, and we developed a reassembly of the social interaction networks, in which we traced associations among different elements (things and people) and identified sociability flows, movements inside the nets.

abstract: Energy poverty is pervasive in sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria, located in sub-Saharan West Africa, is the world's seventh largest oil exporting country and is a resource-rich nation. It however experiences the same levels of energy poverty as most of its neighboring countries. Attributing this paradox only to corruption or the "Dutch Disease", where one sector booms at the expense of other sectors of the economy, is simplistic and enervates attempts at reform. In addition, data on energy consumption is aggregated at the national level via estimates, disaggregated data is virtually non-existent. Finally, the wave of decentralization of vertically integrated national utilities sweeping the developing world has caught on in sub-Saharan Africa. However, little is known of the economic and social implications of these transitions within the unique socio-technical system of the region's electricity sector, especially as it applies to energy poverty. This dissertation proposes a complex systems approach to measuring and mitigating energy poverty in Nigeria due to its multi-dimensional nature. This is done via a three-fold approach: the first section of the study delves into causation by examining the governance institutions that create and perpetuate energy poverty; the next section proposes a context-specific minimum energy poverty line based on field data collected on energy consumption; and the paper concludes with an indicator-based transition management framework encompassing institutional, economic, social, and environmental themes of sustainable transition within the electricity sector. This work contributes to intellectual discourse on systems-based mitigation strategies for energy poverty that are widely applicable within the sub-Saharan region, as well as adds to the knowledge-base of decision-support tools for addressing energy poverty in its complexity. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Sustainability 2015

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os dispositivos que permitem instituir a "violência" na contemporaneidade como uma questão constituinte e mobilizadora de coletivos (para o seu estudo, o seu combate, a sua divulgação, proteção frente à mesma, atendimento às suas vítimas e atendimento ou punição a seus agentes), na cidade de Chapecó. Para esta finalidade, foram utilizados princípios, regras e propriedades metodológicas da Teoria do Ator-Rede, concebida por Bruno Latour, John Law e Michel Callon, que guiaram a etnografia realizada; a Teoria da Sociedade Global de Riscos, proposta por Ulrich Beck, que permitiu compreender configurações contemporâneas; e noções de Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze e Felix Guattari que possibilitaram focar processos vinculados às gestões das violências, como a mídia e as tecnologias de vigilância e controle. A violência foi constituída como um artefato da pesquisa e conduziu ao conhecimento dos vários sentidos tomados no espaço de sua circulação. No lugar de tomar uma definição a priori para relacioná-la ao empírico, o estudo optou por uma forma de compreendê-la, com base nos referenciais escolhidos: não como causa, mas como efeito, configurando redes sociotécnicas que articulam diferentes elementos; não um reservatório que forneceria automaticamente uma explicação, mas o resultado final de um processo, que envolve mediadores em sua fabricação. A pesquisa foi realizada em Chapecó, cidade de porte médio, localizada no Oeste de Santa Catarina, diferenciando-se dos grandes centros urbanos, nos quais as violências vêm sendo predominantemente estudadas. O trabalho de campo englobou diferentes momentos (2004, 2005 e 2006) e trilhou diferentes caminhos para a coleta de indicadores. O primeiro investigando histórias da cidade e região com ênfase nos estudos referentes a situações que ficaram marcadas como violentas. O segundo observando a cidade como um todo, tendo em vista eventos, atores e coletivos que se constituíram vinculados à categoria violência. O terceiro focando e descrevendo cinco eventos contemporâneos específicos vinculados às práticas violentas, à gestão das violências, à produção de segurança e à mídia escrita de Chapecó. A amplitude e a diversidade, abrangidas pela etnografia, evidenciaram que as configurações das práticas violentas se constituem conectadas aos processos de inscrição dessas práticas, aos processos de tradução das categorias que as definem e as estratégias de gestão das violências, que implicam em tecnologias de vigilância e controle. As múltiplas entradas para abordar o tema fizeram ressoar as misturas que envolvem a sua discussão, a infinitude de variáveis em jogo e a multiplicidade que compõe as violências. Os eventos estudados tornaram perceptível a trama de redes que constituem a violência no município, redes que disputam e fazem alianças, conectando uma diversidade de actantes que as fabricam cotidianamente. Dessa forma, a violência não deve ser delegada a alguns atores apenas, mas pode ser compreendida como efeito de redes sociotécnicas extensas que articulam diferentes actantes, a partir dos vínculos que os ligam, da tradução dos interesses que os unem e dos traços que inscrevem os seus deslocamentos. / This researchs main objective was to investigate the means by which violence can be instituted in contemporaneity as a question constituent and mobilizer of collectives (for its study, combat, divulgation, protection against it, support to the victims and attention and punishment to its agents) in the city of Chapecó. For this finality were utilized principles, rules and methodological properties of the Actor-Network Theory conceived by Bruno Latour, John Law e Michael Callon, who guided the accomplished ethnography; the Global Society of Risks Theory proposed by Ulrich Beck, which allowed one to comprehend contemporaneous configurations; and notions of Michael Foucault, Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, which made possible to focus processes entailed to violence management, like the media and the vigilance and control technologies. The violence was constituted as an artifact of research and conducted to the knowledge of several meanings taken in the space of its circulation. Instead of using a definition a priori to relate it to the empirical, this study opted for a way to comprehend it based on the chosen referential: not as a cause but as an effect, configurating socio-technical networks that articulate different elements; not a reservoir which would automatically provide an explanation but the final result of a process that involves mediators in its fabrication. This research was conducted in Chapecó, a medium size city, located in the west of Santa Catarina State, differentiating from other urban centers where violence has been predominantly studied. The fieldwork involved different moments (2004, 2005 and 2006) and explored different means to collect the indicators. The first one was to investigate histories of the city and region, emphasizing studies related to situations marked as violent. The second was to observe a city as a whole, focusing events, actors and collectives that were constituted entailed to the category violence. The third one was to focus and describe five specific contemporaneous events entailed to violent practices, violence management, production of security and the written media of Chapecó. The amplitude and diversity enclosed by ethnography evidenced that the configurations of violent practices are constituted connected to the inscription processes of such practices, to the translation processes of the categories that define it and the violence management strategies which imply control and vigilance technologies. The multiple ways to approach the issue enlightened the mixes that involve its discussion, the infinitude of variables that are in steak and the multiplicity that compose the violence. The events studied made perceptible the networks that constitute the violence in this city, networks that dispute and make alliances, connecting a diversity of actors that fabricate it every day. Thus, the violence should not be delegated to a few actors only, but can be understood as an effect of wide socio-technical networks that articulate different actors, from the bonds that connect them, the translation of interests that unite them and the features that inscribe its dislocations.

Sistemas de saúde têm sido cada vez mais exigidos a serem mais eficientes, o que encorajou o uso de iniciativas de melhoria de processos. A partir de então, a Produção Enxuta (PE) surgiu como uma abordagem amplamente utilizada. Alguns resultados insatisfatórios da PE podem ser, parcialmente, explicados pela falta de considerar a complexidade dos serviços de saúde. Os sistemas de saúde são classificados como sistemas sócio-técnicos complexos (SSTC) devido à incerteza, diversidade e interações não-lineares. De acordo com a literatura, as implementações de Lean em serviços de saúde geralmente envolvem Kaizen, que tende a produzir ganhos significativos de eficiência e segurança através de mudanças relativamente pequenas e localizadas. Contudo, as melhorias locais podem implicar resultados globais indesejados, uma vez que as interações entre os elementos de sistemas complexos podem não ser lineares. Para isso, este trabalho desenvolve e aplica uma framework que visa avaliar projetos de melhoria em SSTC. O estudo foi realizado em uma unidade de internação de um hospital escola. As interações entre os projetos foram modeladas através do desenvolvimento de um diagrama de loop causal, o qual representou variáveis relacionadas a cinco projetos de melhoria analisados e um modelo FRAM. Os projetos também foram avaliados quanto ao seu impacto no sistema e sua adesão a boas práticas em Kaizen, identificadas na literatura. A framework demonstrou-se eficaz em elencar as variáveis para que possam influenciar positivamente os resultados dos projetos e embasar recomendações para a condução de novos projetos de melhoria por meio de uma visão sistêmica. / Healthcare systems have been increasingly demanded to be more efficient, which has encouraged the use of process improvement initiatives. From these, lean production has emerged as a widely used approach. Some disappointing results of lean production can be partially due to the lack of consideration of the complexity of healthcare. Health systems are classified as Complex socio-technical systems (CSTS) due to the uncertainty, diversity, and non-linear interactions. According to the literature, the implementation of Lean in healthcare usually involves Kaizen, which tends to produce significant gains in efficiency and safety through relatively small and localized changes. However, local improvements may imply unwanted overall results, since interactions between elements of complex systems may not be linear. For this, this work develops and applies a framework that aims to evaluate improvement projects in CSTC. The study was performed in an in-patient surgical ward of a teaching hospital. The interactions between the projects were modelled through the development of a causal-loop diagram, which accounted for variables related to all five projects, and a FRAM model. The projects were also evaluated as to their impact on the system and their adherence to good Kaizen practices identified in the literature. The framework proved to be effective in highlighting the variables so that they can positively influence the projects results and support recommendations for conducting new improvement projects through a systemic view.

Medidas para gerenciamento de saúde e segurança em laboratórios são de extrema importância em laboratórios químicos. As pessoas que realizam qualquer atividade em um ambiente de laboratório estão expostas a diversos perigos e, consequentemente, existe o risco de ocorrência de eventos adversos para a saúde e segurança. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em um laboratório químico de uma universidade federal tem como principal objetivo o aperfeiçoamento de uma framework que permite a realização de uma análise sistemática qualitativa e quantitativa das folgas presentes em um sistema sócio-técnico complexo. Ferramentas da Engenharia de Resiliência foram utilizadas para estudar o laboratório, o qual foi considerado como um sistema sócio-técnico complexo. Uma das características de um sistema resiliente é a capacidade de lidar com a variabilidade, o que pode ser obtido por meio de recursos de folgas (slack) no sistema. O uso da framework permitiu obter dados importantes para a análise do sistema e sugestões de melhorias. Os aperfeiçoamentos propostos na framework mostraram-se eficazes, principalmente na quantificação das folgas e variabilidades, em função da utilização do método AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) para a análise de dados. O método AHP tornou possível substituir o uso de questionários para toda a equipe por uma avaliação direcionada a especialistas. Ao utilizar o AHP, os dados podem ser adquiridos com maior rapidez. Outro ganho obtido com o uso do método AHP foi a possibilidade de redução de uma etapa da framework, tornando-a mais concisa. / Measures for health and safety management are of paramount importance in chemical laboratories. People who perform any activity in a laboratory environment are exposed to a variety of hazards and consequently there is a risk of adverse health and safety events. This work was developed in a chemical laboratory of a federal university, and has as main objective the improvement of a framework that allows the accomplishment of a systematic qualitative and quantitative analysis of the slack present in a complex socio-technical system. Tools of Resilience Engineering were used for studying a chemical laboratory, which was considered as a complex socio-technical system. One of the characteristics of a resilient system is the ability to deal with variability, which can be obtained through slack resources in the system. This work was developed in a chemical laboratory of a federal university and consists in the improvement of a framework that allows the accomplishment of a systematic qualitative and quantitative analysis of the slack present in the system. The use of the framework allowed to obtain data important for the analysis of the system and suggestions for improvements. The improvements proposed in the framework proved to be effective, especially in the quantification of slack and variability, as a function of the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method for data collection. The AHP method made it possible to replace the use of questionnaires for the entire team by an expert team assessment. By using AHP, data can be acquired more quickly. Another gain obtained with the use of the AHP method was the possibility of reducing one stage of the framework, making it more concise.

abstract: This project develops the "socio-technical contract" concept, a notion that signifies the kinds of socio-technological assumptions and arrangements that characterize a particular domain of policy or practice. Socio-technical contracts, unlike their social contract counterparts in political theory, represent active negotiation and renegotiation of social contracts around emerging technologies, as opposed to the tacit social contracts of thinkers such as Locke. I use the socio-technical contract concept to analyze the governance of assisted reproductive technologies in the United Kingdom. For increasing numbers of people, reproduction is happening in a fundamentally different way. Conception outside of the womb became a reality with the 1978 birth of Louise Brown, the first baby born via in-vitro fertilization. Alongside Louise Brown's birth emerged new social and governance configurations around reproductive technologies, including, in the United Kingdom, the establishment of a national regulatory agency, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority. The project applies the socio-technical contract concept in order to examine how distributed governance and socio-cultural processes in the British context worked over time to renegotiate fundamental ideas about families and kinship, the boundaries of "ethical" science, rules governing release of information, the "right to an identity," the role of the state in the reproductive choices of individuals, and general approaches to how to think about the roles and relationships of the child, parents, and the state in and around the introduction of these technologies. As these changes have occurred, policies, social understandings, and legal rights have been renegotiated and new governance capacities, what I call "anticipatory capacities," have come into existence to manage and coordinate change across complex social systems. In illuminating anticipatory capacities in each context, I explore the tools deployed by government actors, scientists, stakeholders, and citizens in negotiating evolving socio-technical contracts around reproductive technologies. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Political Science 2014

Esta dissertação apresenta uma discussão sobre trabalho coletivo, gerada a partir de pesquisa realizada com profissionais que atuam na prestação de serviços de saúde em uma organização pública. O objetivo principal é abordar o trabalho em grupo considerando o contexto de serviços de saúde e investigar como os trabalhadores pertencentes às equipes de composição multiprofissional, se mobilizam para a realização do trabalho. Como referencial teórico partiu-se dos pressupostos da teoria sociotécnica para trabalho em grupo, aprofundando a discussão com premissas da ergonomia da atividade para trabalho coletivo. Realizou-se estudo de caso em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde e como método para coleta de dados e informações, foi utilizada a análise ergonômica do trabalho (AET), que incluiu a técnica de observação de atividades de trabalho na unidade, entrevistas com os profissionais envolvidos e reuniões de validação dos resultados da pesquisa. À luz dos resultados da coleta de dados em campo e revisão bibliográfica, procurou-se fazer uma reflexão sobre as hipóteses de pesquisa. Como resultado concluiu-se que o trabalho coletivo permite lidar com situações de imprevisibilidade e variabilidade, em ambientes dinâmicos como o de prestação de serviços. O trabalho coletivo permite que os trabalhadores desenvolvam estratégias para enfrentar dificuldades e constrangimentos do trabalho. Através da mobilização coletiva, os profissionais regulam suas ações e re-elaboram as demandas dos usuários, tornando os objetivos estabelecidos pela organização compatíveis com a situação real de trabalho. / This dissertation deals with the collective work on healthcare services of a public healthcare organization. The main objective is to discuss teamwork considering the healthcare services environment and to investigate how the workers of teams composed with mixed professional categories, mobilize themselves to accomplish their job. The theoretical discussion considers two main stream approaches to teamwork, the socio-technical theory to teamwork and ergonomics of the activity to collective work. Following, a case study was conducted in a public healthcare center using the ergonomic work analysis (EWA) as the main tool to data gathering. This method includes observation techniques of the work activity in the unit, interviews with the professionals and validation sessions of the researchs results. From the results of the field research and the literature review, it was analyzed the research questions previously stated. As a result, it was observed that collective work allows the workers to more properly face the situations of unpredictability and variability in a dynamic service environment. Collective work also allows the workers to develop strategies to face work difficulties and constraints. With collective mobilization, the professionals regulate their actions and re-elaborate the users demands, turning the goals established by the organization compatible with real situation of work.

Nos travaux se situent au croisement de trois domaines : la sûreté de fonctionnement, l'analysefonctionnelle et l'ingénierie des modèles. Dans l'objectif d'assister les analyses préliminaires desrisques, nous avons proposé d'exploiter les modèles issus de l'analyse fonctionnelle de l'avion. Cesmodèles décrivent les dépendances entre les fonctions qui doivent être réalisées durant une phasede vol. Pour exploiter ces modèles, nous avons introduit la notion d'efficacité qui mesure ledegré de contribution d'une fonction à la réalisation nominale d'une phase de vol. Cette notionest utile pour les analyses de risques car elle permet de formaliser divers cas dedysfonctionnements des fonctions et pour évaluer le niveau de dégradation d'une phase de vol encas de dysfonctionnement d'une ou plusieurs fonctions. Nous avons proposé d'annoter les modèlesissus de l'analyse fonctionnelle avec des informations relatives à l'efficacité des fonctions et à leursdysfonctionnements possibles. En suivant les principes de la transformation de modèles, nousavons étudié les moyens de produire le plus automatiquement possible des modèles utiles auxanalyses de risques à partir des modèles annotés. Les modèles produits sont décrits avec lelangage AltaRica, ils peuvent être analysés avec les outils associés à ce langage afin d'évaluerl'effet du dysfonctionnement de fonctions de l'avion ou de rechercher les combinaisons dedysfonctionnements les plus critiques. L'approche proposée a été appliquée pour analyser lesrisques associés aux fonctions utiles lors du décollage d'un avion. / Our work links three domains: safety, functional analysis and model based engineering. In orderto assist preliminary risk analysis, we have proposed to exploit models developed for functionalanalysis. These models describe dependencies between functions that have to be performed duringa flight phase. To exploit these models, we have introduced the notion of efficiency thatmeasures the degree of contribution of a function to the nominal realisation of a flight phase.This notion is useful for risk analysis because it enables the formalisation of various cases offunction failures and the evaluation of the level of degradation of a flight phase in case offunction failures. We have proposed to annotate functional analysis models with informationrelated with function efficiency and potential function failures. Following the principles of modeltransformation, we have studied the means to produce as automatically as possible models thatcould be used to support risk analysis starting from annotated models. Produced models aredescribed with the AltaRica language, they can be analysed with the tools associated with thislanguage in order to evaluate the effect of function failures or to search for the most criticalcombinations of failures. The approach was applied in order to analyse the risks associated withthe functions used during an aircraft take-off.

Afin de participer aux décisions politiques, suivant des procédures institutionnalisées ou par le simple fait de se forger une opinion, les médias d’information jouent un rôle central. Avec les problématiques écologiques contemporaines, cette exigence de participation s'accroît. Comment, dans les discours médiatiques, les enjeux environnementaux sont-ils traduits et mis en forme ? Par l’étude de deux trajectoires de controverses sociotechniques (autour du gaz de schiste et de la centrale nucléaire de Fessenheim) dans la presse généraliste (Le Monde et 20minutes) et un éventail de journaux plus large, nous explorons comment celles-ci se fixent dans différents répertoires de « montée en généralité ». À l’aide d’une articulation entre méthodes quantitative (lexicométrie) et qualitative (analyse du discours), nous dévoilons un dialogue entre différents « mondes de justification » (Boltanski et Thévenot, 1991) et cherchons l’existence d’une « cité écologique » (Lafaye et Thévenot, 1993) dans l’espace public médiatique. / In order to participate in political decisions, following institutional processes or through the simple fact of opinion-forming, the informative media play a central role. With the contemporary ecological problems this kind of involvement is ever more needed. How are environmental issues interpreted and shaped by media discourses ? By studying the trajectories of two socio-technical controversies (shale gas and the nuclear power plant of Fessenheim) in the mainstream press (Le Monde and 20minutes) and in a larger range of newspapers, we explore how these are linked to different “forms of generalization”. By combining quantitative (lexicometric analysis) and qualitative (discourse analysis) methods, we reveal a dialogue between different “worlds of justification” (Boltanski and Thévenot, 1991) and search for the existence of an “ecological city” (Lafaye and Thévenot, 1993) in the media public sphere.