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Ce travail propose un ensemble d’analyses sociogénétiques et psychogénétiques, fondées sur les sociologies de la connaissance de Norbert Elias et Günter Dux, portant sur les conséquences qui découlent de l’utilisation de causes premières dans l’explication des phénomènes du monde. L’enjeu de l’analyse, en termes généraux, a consisté en rendre visible le fait que la structure de la logique, en tant que produit des processus psychogénétiques, et lorsqu’elle n’a pas été réorganisée en termes systémiques par les transformations sociogénétiques de la modernité, a conduit dans le passé de nos sociétés à revêtir les causes premières de caractéristiques subjectives. Le concept de « nature » dans l’Allemagne du XVIIIe siècle, forgé et utilisé par la philosophie et le naturalisme, en est un exemple clair. Nous illustrons à travers nos analyses le fait que, grâce à la structure de la logique, la « nature » était « créatrice » dans la vision du monde des membres de la société allemande de l’époque, c’est-à-dire, une entité dotée d’intentionnalité et de capacité d’action.À la croisée de la sociologie de la connaissance et de l’épistémologie historico-génétique, l’enquête porte, dans un premier temps, sur la place occupée par le concept de « nature » dans les systèmes philosophiques d’Emmanuel Kant et de Johann Herder, afin de retrouver son fondement subjectiviste et les limitations qu’il imposait, à l’époque, à la construction de l’explication séculaire de l’esprit. Puis, dans un deuxième temps, nous illustrons quelques transformations importantes de la structure de la logique, tant dans la théorie biologique et psychologique du XIXe siècle que dans la psychologie et la sociologie du XXe siècle, ayant conduit à l’exploration systémique de la cognition à travers le concept de « psychogenèse ». Ces éclaircissements instaurent la possibilité, selon nous, d’envisager la construction de modèles scientifiques ayant comme but, entre autres, de surmonter l’opposition « nature/culture » qui affecte de nos jours la théorie de la connaissance. / This work proposes a set of socio and psychogenetic analyzes, based on the sociologies of knowledge of Norbert Elias and Günter Dux, on the consequences that arise from the use of primary causes in the explanation of the phenomena of the world. Our challenge, in general terms, has been to make visible that the structure of logic, as a product of psychogenetic processes, has led in the past of our societies to invest primary causes of subjective characteristics, when it has not been reorganized into systemic terms by modernity’s sociogenetic transformations. The concept of "nature", forged and used by philosophy and naturalism in eighteenth-century Germany, is a clear example. We illustrate through our analyzes that, due to the structure of logic, "nature" was "creative" in the world view of the members of the German society of the time, that is to say, an entity with intentionality and ability to act.At the crossroads of historico-genetical epistemology and the sociology of knowledge, the inquiry begins with the place of the concept of "nature" in the philosophical systems of Emmanuel Kant and Johann Herder, in order to find its subjectivist foundation and the limitations it imposed, at the time, to the construction of a secular explanation of the mind. Then, in a second step, we illustrate some important transformations in the structure of logic, as much in the nineteenth-century biological and psychological theory as in the psychology and sociology of the twentieth century, leading to the systemic exploration of cognition through the concept of "psychogenesis". These clarifications establish the possibility, in our opinion, of considering the construction of scientific models whose aim, among other things, is to overcome the opposition "nature / culture" which affects today the theory of knowledge.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:59:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kariny Teixeira.pdf: 3821214 bytes, checksum: 78a129b7188207f83ae2df6a7b3b8500 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-09 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Esta dissertação consiste em uma etnografia da sociogênese do grupo indígena Krahô--Kanela (TO). Pretendo demonstrar como se deu a constituição deste grupo étnico e suas reelaborações identitárias face a um processo de territorialização e mobilização política pela demarcação de sua terra tradicional, por eles denominada Mata Alagada. Analiso também como os Krahô-Kanela operam os critérios político-organizativos de pertencimento e inclusão a este grupo étnico. Para tanto, refletirei sobre o caráter histórico, processual, relacional, situacional, político e simbólico da identidade. Abordarei ainda o processo de reconhecimento étnico e territorial dos Krahô-Kanela, examinando o posicionamento e a intervenção do Estado - mais especificamente da FUNAI, do INCRA e do Ministério Público Federal - em relação à aplicação das políticas relacionadas com direitos étnicos e territoriais, bem como as formas de atuação e mediação por parte de cientistas sociais, entidades da sociedade civil e do movimento indígena em apoio à luta deste grupo.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Education, 1999. / In opposition to the historically accepted view that Piaget failed to theorise the ‘social’ in his theory of cognitive development this research report shows that the ‘social’ is central to his genetic epistemology and that his conceptualisation of the ‘social’ has interesting implications for educational thinking. Specifically, the report shows that not only did Piaget include the social dimension in his genetic epistemology but that his understanding of the role of the ‘social’ in the development of cognition raises interesting possibilities for future psychological and educational research.

Trata-se de análise a respeito do Consultório na Rua, estratégia de atenção básica às pessoas em situação de rua. Foram utilizados três métodos para compreender este serviço: análise comparada das propostas legais das unidades móveis de Portugal, Estados Unidos da América e Brasil; estudo sócio-histórico, por meio da sociogênese proposta por Pierre Bourdieu, com base em documentos oficiais, literatura indexada e entrevistas de agentes; e avaliação de implantação de uma equipe de Consultório na Rua da cidade de São Paulo, utilizando-se de observação participante, informações oriundas de relatórios e prontuários, entrevistas com trabalhadores e usuários do serviço, e apoiando-se em modelo lógico e matriz de avaliação de grau de implantação. A proposta brasileira de unidade móvel apresentou semelhanças no uso de equipes multiprofissionais e oferecimento de ações de redução de danos entre as demais analisadas, elementos que contribuem para o alcance da equidade. Sua gênese foi possível em contexto político favorável ao investimento de políticas sobre drogas e expansão da Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Porém sofreu influências de conflitos entre agentes de diferentes polos do espaço social. A análise de implantação revelou adaptações da proposta federal oriundas de programas anteriores do município de São Paulo, de limitações da rede de serviços, e influências de conflitos identificados na gênese / This is an analysis of the Clinic on the Street, a strategy of basic care for people in homelessness. Three methods were used to understand this service: comparative analysis of the legal proposals of the mobile units of Portugal, the United States of America and Brazil; socio-historical study, through the sociogenesis proposed by Pierre Bourdieu, based on official documents, indexed literature and interviews of agents; and evaluation of the implantation of a \'Clinic on the Street\' team from São Paulo, using participant observation, information from reports and records, interviews with workers and users of the service, and based on a logistic model and evaluation matrix of degree of implantation. The Brazilian proposal of mobile unit showed similarities in the use of multiprofessional teams and offering harm reduction actions among the others analyzed, elements that contribute to equity. Its genesis was possible in a political context favorable to the investment of policies on drugs and expansion of the National Policy of Basic Attention. However, it was influenced by conflicts between agents from different poles of the social space. The implementation analysis revealed adaptations of the federal proposal from previous programs in the city of São Paulo, limitations of the service network, and influences of conflicts identified in the genesis

Trata-se de análise a respeito do Consultório na Rua, estratégia de atenção básica às pessoas em situação de rua. Foram utilizados três métodos para compreender este serviço: análise comparada das propostas legais das unidades móveis de Portugal, Estados Unidos da América e Brasil; estudo sócio-histórico, por meio da sociogênese proposta por Pierre Bourdieu, com base em documentos oficiais, literatura indexada e entrevistas de agentes; e avaliação de implantação de uma equipe de Consultório na Rua da cidade de São Paulo, utilizando-se de observação participante, informações oriundas de relatórios e prontuários, entrevistas com trabalhadores e usuários do serviço, e apoiando-se em modelo lógico e matriz de avaliação de grau de implantação. A proposta brasileira de unidade móvel apresentou semelhanças no uso de equipes multiprofissionais e oferecimento de ações de redução de danos entre as demais analisadas, elementos que contribuem para o alcance da equidade. Sua gênese foi possível em contexto político favorável ao investimento de políticas sobre drogas e expansão da Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Porém sofreu influências de conflitos entre agentes de diferentes polos do espaço social. A análise de implantação revelou adaptações da proposta federal oriundas de programas anteriores do município de São Paulo, de limitações da rede de serviços, e influências de conflitos identificados na gênese / This is an analysis of the Clinic on the Street, a strategy of basic care for people in homelessness. Three methods were used to understand this service: comparative analysis of the legal proposals of the mobile units of Portugal, the United States of America and Brazil; socio-historical study, through the sociogenesis proposed by Pierre Bourdieu, based on official documents, indexed literature and interviews of agents; and evaluation of the implantation of a \'Clinic on the Street\' team from São Paulo, using participant observation, information from reports and records, interviews with workers and users of the service, and based on a logistic model and evaluation matrix of degree of implantation. The Brazilian proposal of mobile unit showed similarities in the use of multiprofessional teams and offering harm reduction actions among the others analyzed, elements that contribute to equity. Its genesis was possible in a political context favorable to the investment of policies on drugs and expansion of the National Policy of Basic Attention. However, it was influenced by conflicts between agents from different poles of the social space. The implementation analysis revealed adaptations of the federal proposal from previous programs in the city of São Paulo, limitations of the service network, and influences of conflicts identified in the genesis

The work presents life and work of Vladimir Jan Amos Novak, it shows his main thoughts unified by the principle of sociogenesis and points at its inspiration in older traditions of german and russian biology. It also concerns his anthropology as related to the principle of sociogenesis and shows some peculiar Novak's contributions, mainly his opinions on progessive neotenization of man and evolutionary tedency for association. It grasps the principle of sociogenesis as a biological and also a political concept and therefore shows its very political consequences presented mainly on his social thoughts. The work also deals with the relations between eastern and western science on Novák's efforts to unify all sciences under one universal evolutionary framework regardless its geographical belonging. Throughout the work is Novak shown in the context of man-animal relations and the principle of sociogenesis as arising from myrmecological studies. There are therefore presented anthropological works of three important myrmecologists A. Forel, W.M. Wheeler and E.O. Wilson as inspired in the study of ants.