What does a "spa" mean in the city of today? City full of movement and noise, the world controlled by an active life, employers and companys? It is not like lazy English seaside resorts, it´s not Austrian headwaters, not pleasing glossy aqua at all. "Urban Spa" is daily part of life of every active person. It´s offering regeneration of body and soul, habituating people to doing regular exercises and live a healthy life, creating intimate atmosphere for informal business meetings and for natural development of personal relationships.

Urbanistic and architectural study of future development of castle area in Znojmo. Main focus will be on creation of sustainable and vital part of the city with connections to landscape, townscape, castle, old brewery and romanesque rotunda of st. Catherine. Adaptation of historic buildings of castle and brewery for cultural and social center of town. Reconstruction and conversion will be based on theoretical work from previous semester. Urbanistic goal is creation and redefinition of public spaces of castle garden, rotunda hill and Hradni street and its integration with historic town center of Znojmo and valley of river Dyje.

Concept In the measure of town Yverdon Les Bains the baths park is understood like one of the important spot which influences its surroundings. The surroundings give the impression of neutrality because of the differentness of its composition. So the baths park and three historical buildings in it create the most valuable element. It is independent world where people could relax and feel their senses. Free shape in the “free landscape”. It is seemingly haphazard like its surroundings. Although the building has its own inner composition which I call “Small world under large rooftop”. I would like to create atmosphere where would be unique inner space, light and intimate darkness, warm and cold, atmosphere full of nice smell. Each material has its own sound, temperature and surface. The basic element of the baths is water. It is going through the building, connecting all the parts of the baths and creates special atmosphere. People have to know they entered in to the baths world.

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Architectural study offers solution of space of the Roman baths and sauna world in object next to the previously designed building of Aquacenter in Brno - Hády. Location of aquacenter is based on architectural search study Aquacenter - "The Water Temple" Brno (on development areas which are set by ÚPmB). Wellness facilities are today an important part of the water parks. The designed spaces of Roman baths and sauna world offers visitors the use of modifications of Roman baths and Finnish saunas, as well as other supporting treatments such as various massages, herbal baths, massage whirlpools, etc. It is not just a place to relax or to the curative stay, but there is also included a social function as a private spas (for business meetings), caldarium, possibly tepidarium, a rest rooms and relaxation bar. The form of a building, which is based on the form of the previously designed building of aquacentre, is a block with inclined SE, SW and NE wall (inclination of walls is 20 degrees from the vertical). In the center part of a layout is rest room and bar, along which sides are atriums. Around them are then arranged an individual operating units into single wings. The overall layout is also trying to build on the traditional content and linking space of Roman baths, abide the Finnish concept of the sauna and join both together in related wings. While the traffic of balneotherapy is as a "dirty" separated by hall, the wing with massages and less traditional saunas and spas (such as Sweden, Japan, etc.) together with the water baths wing are separated from the central area by corridor. Accommodation is dedicated the space of the second floor, which does not occupy the whole floor space as a first floor and is arranged in a T-shape. The basement which is partly sunk into the ground is located covered parking and service facilities.

This Master's thesis takes a look at the construction of the new Roman baths and sauna world with adjacent premises, all connected to the premises in the section TG02, such as the water park, restaurant, administration and rehabilitation. The plot of land intended for the implementation is situated in an undeveloped area in the urban district of Zidenice on the outskirts of the city of Brno. The entire complex of buildings forms a wave landscape with a cube as the centrepiece symbolizing water in a quarry and the reaction to the neighbouring Růženin quarry. The buildings also react to significant visual axes, one of which is the view from the Hady quarry, another of the Hady access roads. Emphasis is also placed on the views from the Roman baths, simultaneously preserving the privacy of visitors. Entrance to the two-storey Roman baths and sauna world is possible from the communal changing rooms in the water park, but also separately. The Sauna world located on the first floor is lit by an atrium that connects it with the Roman baths on the second floor. There are eight dry saunas from different corners of the world, various cold-zones, three massage rooms and three relaxation rooms. A relaxing swimming pool and a fountain in the seating area of the saunabar are significant elements of the central space. Located inside the Roman baths are nine heating rooms all of different temperatures and moisture levels, a large cooling room, and a small swimming pool with an adjacent jacuzzi in the central area, both with beautiful views. From this section, you can walk out onto the adjacent terrain, where there is a large outdoor swimming pool and sauna. There is a polarium, a private spa, a small spa shop, massages and special baths each with their own entrance. On the third floor there is accommodation, a conference room and a fitness centre.

How can principles found in textile behaviour be translated into architectural expression? With water as a program in context of a new bath in Vanadislunden, Stockholm, this project studies how a rigid material can be percieved as soft and flexible.

Background: Subtilin is a peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic) natively produced by Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633. It is encoded in a gene cluster spaBTCSIFEGRK (spa-locus) consisting of four transcriptional units: spaS (subtilin pre-peptide), spaBTC (modification and export), spaIFEG (immunity) and spaRK (regulation). Despite the pioneer understanding on subtilin biosynthesis, a robust platform to facilitate subtilin research and improve subtilin production is still a poorly explored spot. Results: In this work, the intact spa-locus was successfully integrated into the chromosome of Bacillus subtilis W168, which is the by far best-characterized Gram-positive model organism with powerful genetics and many advantages in industrial use. Through systematic analysis of spa-promoter activities in B. subtilis W168 wild type and mutant strains, our work demonstrates that subtilin is basally expressed in B. subtilis W168, and the transition state regulator AbrB strongly represses subtilin biosynthesis in a growth phase-dependent manner. The deletion of AbrB remarkably enhanced subtilin gene expression, resulting in comparable yield of bioactive subtilin production as for B. subtilis ATCC6633. However, while in B. subtilis ATCC6633 AbrB regulates subtilin gene expression via SigH, which in turn activates spaRK, AbrB of B. subtilis W168 controls subtilin gene expression in SigH-independent manner, except for the regulation of spaBTC. Furthermore, the work shows that subtilin biosynthesis in B. subtilis W168 is regulated by the two-component regulatory system SpaRK and strictly relies on subtilin itself as inducer to fulfill the autoregulatory circuit. In addition, by incorporating the subtilin-producing system (spa-locus) and subtilin-reporting system (PpsdA-lux) together, we developed “online” reporter strains to efficiently monitor the dynamics of subtilin biosynthesis. Conclusions: Within this study, the model organism B. subtilis W168 was successfully established as a novel platform for subtilin biosynthesis and the underlying regulatory mechanism was comprehensively characterized. This work will not only facilitate genetic (engineering) studies on subtilin, but also pave the way for its industrial production. More broadly, this work will shed new light on the heterologous production of other lantibiotics.

This diploma thesis deals with effects and consequences of touristification in the spa town of Teplice. The aim of this work is the analysis of current state of Teplice's spa therapy and monitoring of functional changes in the town. The emphasis is placed on activities, relational links and the level of co- operation and attitudes of the main participants in the tourism in the town. An inseparable part is also an opinion poll (investigation) among local residents. The aim of this dissertation is, except for findings and an evaluation of effects of touristification in the area of interest, also the suggestion of steps leading to stabilization and improvement of the situation. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Introdução: A Espondiloartrite axial (EpA-ax) é uma doença inflamatória e crônica do grupo das Espondiloartrites (EpA). Ela acomete o sistema músculo esquelético ocasionando inflamação das articulações axiais (especialmente da sacroilíaca). Quando essas manifestações são evidenciadas por exames de imagem, temos a caracterização da Espondilite Anquilosante (EA). Do contrário, chamamos de EpA-axial não radiográfica (EpA-ax-nr). A Espondilite Anquilosante (EA) se caracteriza pelo envolvimento inflamatório de articulações do esqueleto axial e apendicular. Seu diagnóstico é baseado em achados clínicos e radiológicos, além da elevação de marcadores inflamatórios e presença do HLA-B27. Várias são as metodologias que se propõem a identificar o HLA-B27 e a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) é tida como referência. Sua ampla utilização esbarra, no entanto, em questões que levam em conta o custo, oferta do exame e o tempo até a obtenção do resultado. Neste contexto, a Citometria de Fluxo (CF) surge como uma alternativa capaz de ajudar o médico na identificação deste marcador genético que pode ser importante para o diagnóstico e prognóstico dessa doença. Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação entre as técnicas laboratoriais mais utilizadas na prática clínica (CF e PCR), comparando sensibilidade e especificidade para detecção do HLA-B27 em pacientes com diagnóstico estabelecido de EpA-ax. Métodos: Estudo transversal, comparativo, com pacientes maiores de 18 anos de idade selecionados por conveniência, coletados ao longo de 2015, com diagnóstico estabelecido de EpA-ax, segundo os do grupo internacional ASAS (working group - Assessment of SpondyloArthritis Intenational Society). Para a análise estatística o coeficiente Kappa (P<0,005 foi adotado como parâmetro. Para a análise estatística o coeficiente Kappa (P<0,005 foi adotado como parâmetro. O teste Exato de Fisher foi utilizado para comparar as variáveis categóricas, o teste t de Student, para variáveis quantitativas com distribuição simétrica de amostras independentes. E as variáveis com distribuição assimétrica foram comparadas pelo teste de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: O coeficiente Kappa obtido para a determinação da concordância entre os testes foi de 0,454. Foram incluídos no estudo 62 pacientes, desses, sessenta preencheram os critérios para diagnóstico de EA e 2 para EpA-ax não radiográfica (EpA-ax-nr), 64,5% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino, 88,7% se autodeclararam brancos, a idade média (± desvio padrão) foi de 54,5±12 anos e o tempo mediano (percentis 25 e 75) de diagnóstico de 14 (9 e 24) anos. Dentre as características clínicas apresentadas pela população estudada houve diferença estatisticamente significativa para a artrite periférica, sendo mais frequente no grupo HLA-B27 negativo que no grupo HLA-B27 positivo (P=0,032). Na análise de correlação, 90,3% apresentaram tipagem HLA-B27 positiva por CF e 79,0% pela técnica de PCR. Tendo o PCR como padrão ouro, a CF apresentou uma sensibilidade de 98,0%, especificidade de 38,5% e uma acurácia de 85,5%. Conclusão: Apesar da baixa especificidade apresentada pela CF, nosso estudo demonstrou que a CF tem alta sensibilidade e boa acurácia o que a torna uma boa alternativa para ser utilizada como um teste de triagem na busca da caracterização da doença. Apesar da moderada concordância com a técnica de referência, a CF poderia ajudar o médico a excluir resultados falsamente negativos, racionalizando assim a investigação laboratorial para o diagnóstico da EA. / Introduction: Axial spondyloarthritis (SpA-ax) is an inflammatory and chronic disease of the Spondyloarthritis (SpA) group. It affects the skeletal muscle system causing inflammation of the axial joints (especially of the sacroiliac). When these manifestations are evidenced by imaging tests, a characterization of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). Otherwise, we call the non-radiographic SpA-axial (SpA-ax-nr). AS marked by the inflammatory involvement of the axial and appendicular skeletal joints. The diagnosis is based on clinical and radiological findings, as well as the on the elevation of inflammatory markers and presence of HLA-B27. There are several methodologies to identify the HLA-B27 gene and a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is considered the reference method. However, its use on a large scale does not progress because it takes into account the cost, offer of the exam and the running time to obtain the result. In this context, Flow Cytometry (FC) emerges as an alternative method, helping with the physician in the determination of this genetic marker, important for the diagnosis and prognosis of disease. Objective: To evaluate the correlation between FC and PCR, comparing sensitivity and specificity for detection of HLA-B27 in patients with established diagnosis of SpA-ax. Methods: A cross sectional study including 62 patients recruited during 2015 month was conducted in Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, an university public hospital. The sample, recruited by convenience in the SpA clinic, was composed of patients ≥ 18 years old, fulfilling the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis (ASAS) criteria SpA-ax. All participants underwent HLA-B27 typing through FC and PCR. The kappa statistic was used to calculate the concordance between the FC and PCR. Taking PCR as the gold standard, sensitivity and specificity of FC to detect HLA-B27 were calculated. Results: The Kappa coefficient obtained to determine the agreement between the tests was 0.454. Sixty two patients were included in the study, sixty met the criteria for diagnosis of AS and two for SpA-ax-nr, 64.5% of the patients were male, 88.7% were self-declared mean age (± standard deviation) was 54.5 ± 12 years and median time (25th and 75th percentiles) for diagnosis was 14 (9 and 24) years. Among the clinical characteristics presented by the population studied, there was a statistically significant difference for peripheral arthritis, wich was more frequent in the HLA-B27 negative group than in the HLA-B27 positive group (P = 0.032). In the correlation analysis, 90.3% presented HLA-B27 positive typing by FC and 79.0% by PCR technique. When PCR was considered the gold standard, CF had a sensitivity of 98.0%, specificity of 38.5% and an accuracy of 85.5%. Conclusion: Despite the low specificity presented by FC, our study demonstrated that FC has high sensitivity and good accuracy, which makes it a good alternative to be used as a screening test in the search for the characterization of the disease. Despite the moderate agreement with the reference technique, FC could help the physician to exclude falsely negative results, thus rationalizing laboratory investigation for the diagnosis of AS.