[pt] A tese de uma autonomia da arte contemporânea, em tempos de realidade virtual – na qual a contenda ontológica do objeto artístico é vista como uma exponenciação da aura perdida de Benjamin – pode ser compreendida de duas maneiras opostas: entendendo a autonomia como uma quimera teórica ou como uma questão que ainda exige uma contínua reflexão crítica. A proposta aqui converge à segunda tendência. Assim, ela insiste sobre a questão da autonomia e isso implica, antes, numa análise crítica do papel desta dentro da história arte – na maneira pela qual, desde o Laocoonte de Lessing, passando por Greenberg, até a teoria estética de Adorno, foi se conformando na teoria da arte a ideia de uma autonomia da especificidade. Historicamente, a autonomia da especificidade estava encerrada pelas regras que a determinavam: linguagem, estilo e materiais. Neste contexto histórico modernista dois campos se destacam por serem muito regrados em suas abstrações: a música e a arquitetura. E dentro desses respectivos campos os trabalhos do compositor Karlheinz Stockhausen e do arquiteto Peter Eisenman aparecem como obras, entre as produções contemporâneas, que simultaneamente subvertem e resistem às especificidades das suas normas internas. Seguindo os passos desses artistas, este trabalho investiga a possibilidade de um outro tipo de autonomia que lida com uma condição de presença autônoma – um continuum autônomo que problematiza a temporalidade histórica seja da resultante sonora, seja da resultante espacial, e nunca se ancora em especificidades pré-determinadas. Nestes termos, Stockhausen e Eisenman realizam uma autonomia cuja temporalidade é um continuum intrínseco que opera sempre o movimento de elã crítico do binômio fenômeno e conceito – através da abordagem crítica seja dos seus meios, seja das suas linguagens. / [en] The thesis of an autonomy of contemporary art in virtual reality times – in which the ontological issue of the artistic object is seen as an exponentiation of the lost aura of Benjamin – can be understood in two opposite ways: understanding autonomy as a theoretical chimera or as a question that requires a continuous critical reflection. The proposal converges to the second trend. Thus, it insists on the issue of autonomy and this implies a critical analysis of the role of this in art history – in the way some oeuvre and authors, from the Lessing s Laocoön through Greenberg to the Adorno s aesthetic theory, had been establishing in theory of art the idea of an autonomy of specificity. Historically, the autonomy of specificity was closed by its own rules: language, style and materials. In this modernist historical context two fields stand out for being very ruled in their abstractions: music and architecture. And within those respective fields, the works of the composer Karlheinz Stockhausen and the architect Peter Eisenman appear as works, between contemporary productions, that simultaneously subvert and resist the specificities of their internal rules. Following in the footsteps of these artists, the present work investigates the possibility of another kind of autonomy that deals with an autonomous presence condition - an autonomous continuum that questions the historical temporality either from resultant sound and resultant space, and never anchors itself in predetermined specificities. Accordingly, Stockhausen and Eisenman realize an autonomy whose temporality is an intrinsic continuum that always operates the movement of critical impetus of the binomial phenomenon and concept – either by the critical approaches of their mediums and their languages.

An overview on a highly intertwined generative system through Stockhausen's late piece Lichter - Wasser (1998-1999). Lichter - Wasser is a work that constantly attempts to conjugate the contemplation and the paroxism of an ur-element, the so called super formula, with the long sought utopia of the infinite progress of perception faculties (a journey formally began in 1955 with Stockhausen's composition Gruppen, for three orchestral groups).

Dissertation (D.M.A.)--The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2009. / Directed by John Salmon; submitted to the School of Music. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 17, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-48).

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-06T13:02:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-06-23. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-06T13:19:19Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000849563.pdf: 5366473 bytes, checksum: 2b1d09e18ed8645e40f4ba2c14bd586e (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho discute a aproximação do compositor Karlheinz Stockhausen à tradição musical japonesa, presentificada na obra DER JAHRESLAUF(1977), detendo-se sobre alguns aspectos da tradição nipônica incorporados à peça e discutindo a maneira como foram abordados pelo compositor alemão. O estudo apresenta uma sinopse da produção teórico-composicional de Stockhausen, bem como um breve apanhado acerca da música gagaku, e é elaborado a partir de uma base metalinguística, à qual são acrescentados tópicos de intratextualidade e narrativa, com vistas a tratar do processo de leitura e interpretação de informação estética. Por fim, segue-se uma análise da obra DER JAHRESLAUF, localizando os tópicos apontados e discutindo suas implicações musicológicas e simbólicas / This research discusses composer Karlheinz Stockhausen's approach to Japanese musical tradition, as presentified in the work DER JAHRESLAUF(1977), focusing on some of the aspects incorporated to the piece from the Japanese tradition and debating the manner by which they were approached by the German composer. The study presents a synopsis of Stockhausen's productions, both theoretical- and compositionalwise, as well as an overview on gagakumusic. It develops from a metalinguistic basis, to which were added topics on intratextuality and narrative, in order to deal with the process of reading and interpreting aesthetic information. Finally, there follows an analysis of the piece DER JAHRESLAUF, identifying discussed topics and debating their musicological and simbolic implications

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A partir da constatação dos diversos modos de formalização da experiência temporal na música do século 20, pretende-se analisar a consolidação do conceito de tempo musical no pensamento de Theodor W. Adorno. O escopo adotado será sua crítica ao serialismo pós- Webern, vinculada ao debate com os compositores da Escola de Darmstadt nas décadas de 1950 e 60, e sobre a qual operam seus conceitos de material e música informal. Um duplo propósito orienta a tese. Primeiramente, trata-se de esclarecer os referenciais do conceito de tempo que Adorno mobiliza em seus escritos musicais, tomando por base a reciprocidade entre categorias filosóficas e musicais que o filósofo sempre sustentou em seu percurso intelectual. História da filosofia e história da música constituem, para Adorno, campos para uma crítica convergente à progressiva espacialização e destemporalização do tempo. Nesse sentido, os Beethoven-Fragmente contribuem para uma primeira elucidação do conceito materialista. Já os ensaios sobre Stravinsky e sobre as relações entre música e pintura demonstram o potencial crítico e especulativo do conceito. Em um segundo momento, a tese procura descrever, em contraponto ao pensamento adorniano, as abordagens teóricas propostas por Pierre Boulez e Karlheinz Stockhausen sobre o problemática do tempo musical, com as quais Adorno teve contato. Identificamos, então, no encaminhamento programático de uma música informal o ponto culminante da crítica de Adorno às orientações teóricas e práticas da vanguarda serialista no pós-guerra. Notamos que sua intensa participação nos cursos de Darmstadt entre 1952 e 1966 (onde atuou como professor, crítico, conferencista e organizador de debates) esteve fortemente alinhada à sua produção ensaística e monográfica voltada à música no mesmo período. Nesse sentido, acreditamos que a confrontação com os compositores de Darmstadt viabilizou uma ocasião decisiva para que o filósofo expusesse criticamente e colocasse à prova os critérios de seu conceito de tempo musical. / This dissertation concerns the concept of musical time in Adornos philosophy and emphasizes his critique of post-Webern serialism, noticeable in his frequent interventions in the context of the Kranichstein-Darmstadt Summer Courses and the radio debates during the 1950s and 60s. These include controversial essays like Das Altern der neuen Musik, Die Funktion des Kontrapunkts in der neuen Musik, Kriterien der neuen Musik as well as his later related programmatic notion of informal music presented in the Darmstadt lecture Vers une musique informelle (1961). In these interventions, Adorno insists whether explicitly or not on the conservancy of a specific way of structuring inner temporal relationships between musical events. This type of formalization and perception of time became eluded with the advance of avant-garde compositional procedures. The dissertation has two parts and a dual purpose. First, it examines the references to the specific notion of time that Adorno develops in his musical thought, contemplating the reciprocity between philosophical and musical categories held by his historical-materialist approach. This philosophical framework ascribes a progressive rationalization or detemporalization of time in Western culture through the advance of Enlightenment, which would also be recognizable in the history of musical forms. Hence, for Adorno, detemporalization of time (title of an important sub-chapter of Negative Dialektik) in philosophy resulted from a symmetrical thrust that imposed a progressive spatialization of musical time (a central claim from Philosophie der neuen Musik). The late published Beethoven-Fragmente offers a great deal of elucidation about his concept of musical time; whereas his Stravinsky critique and the essays on the relationship between music and painting clearly shape the critical singularity of the concept. Secondly, this dissertation describes, as a counterpoint to Adornos concept, the theoretical approaches proposed by Pierre Boulez and Karlheinz Stockhausen on musical time. It is shown why the notion of informal music can be considered the epitome of Adornos musical reflection after Philosophie der neuen Musik (1949), considering his ambivalent criticism of these post-war avant-garde orientations. In short, one observes that Adornos regular attendance of the Darmstadt Summer Courses, from 1950 until 1966, is closely linked to his publications and thoughts on music aesthetics of the same period. We argue that these reflections on the directions of the avant-garde provided him the opportunity to better present and confront the elements of his concept of musical time.

Que la réflexion du compositeur sur la technique et l’histoire des règles de l’écriture musicale constitue une pratique de soi, l’exercice d’une subjectivation qui suspend normes et pouvoirs du dehors, les déplace, les informe autrement, crève l’écran de l’écriture, et institue, dans la pratique compositionnelle, un sujet de l’écriture, une subjectivité autonome, c'est-à-dire musicale — voilà ce qu’il faut entendre par politique de l’écriture musicale. Que la musique génère des puissances capables d’anéantir tous les écrans qui s’interposent entre l’œuvre et l’auditeur, qu’un sujet de l’écoute soit fabriqué dans un faire corps rituel avec la musique, voire qu’un homme nouveau, une humanité régénérée surgissent d’un laboratoire sacré de l’écoute — voilà ce qu’il faut entendre par politique de l’écoute musicale. Deux compositeurs que cette question travaille ; deux dates pour la circonscrire et la problématiser. Pierre Boulez en 1950, ou comment un degré zéro de l’écriture met en crise une subjectivité cherchant dans la structure le chiffre d’une expérience radicale, fondamentale, fondatrice — homme structural devenu la variable humaine d’une prolifération qui le dépasse. Karlheinz Stockhausen ou comment ce qu’il s’est passé à New York le 11 septembre 2001 fut la plus grande œuvre d’art pour le cosmos tout entier — rêve d’une œuvre d’art totale, réveil de l’obsession de Richard Wagner, et révélation d’une expérience musicale et d’une expérience politique que seules la technologie et la marchandise mettent en œuvre. Des structures et des hymnes, des hélicoptères et des éclats, et, à la fin du parcours, un carnaval symphonique. / That reflection of the composer on the technique and the history of the rules of musical writing constitutes a practice of the self and the exercise of a subjectivation which suspends norms and powers from the outside, moves them, informs them in another way, passes through the screen of writing, and institutes, in the practice of composition, a subject of the writing, an autonomous, that is musical subjectivity — that is how one has to understand politics of musical writing. That music gathers powers capable of annihilating any screen which intervene between the work and the listener, that a subject of listening is ritually made by an identification between bodies and music, even that a new man, a regenerated humanity appear from a sacred laboratory of the listening — that is what it is necessary to listen by politics of musical listening. Two composers whom this question works; two dates to define and problematize it. Pierre Boulez in 1950, or how a writing degree zero puts into crisis a subjectivity looking in the structure for the figure of a radical, fundamental, founding experience — a structural man which becomes the human variable of a proliferation which exceeds him. Karlheinz Stockhausen, or how what it happened in New York September 11th, 2001 was the greatest work of art for the whole cosmos — dream of a total work of art, awakening of Richard Wagner's obsession, and revelation of a musical experience and a political experience which only the technology and the commodity operate.Structures and hymns, helicopters and fragments, and, at the end of the route, a symphonic carnival.

A partir da constatação dos diversos modos de formalização da experiência temporal na música do século 20, pretende-se analisar a consolidação do conceito de tempo musical no pensamento de Theodor W. Adorno. O escopo adotado será sua crítica ao serialismo pós- Webern, vinculada ao debate com os compositores da Escola de Darmstadt nas décadas de 1950 e 60, e sobre a qual operam seus conceitos de material e música informal. Um duplo propósito orienta a tese. Primeiramente, trata-se de esclarecer os referenciais do conceito de tempo que Adorno mobiliza em seus escritos musicais, tomando por base a reciprocidade entre categorias filosóficas e musicais que o filósofo sempre sustentou em seu percurso intelectual. História da filosofia e história da música constituem, para Adorno, campos para uma crítica convergente à progressiva espacialização e destemporalização do tempo. Nesse sentido, os Beethoven-Fragmente contribuem para uma primeira elucidação do conceito materialista. Já os ensaios sobre Stravinsky e sobre as relações entre música e pintura demonstram o potencial crítico e especulativo do conceito. Em um segundo momento, a tese procura descrever, em contraponto ao pensamento adorniano, as abordagens teóricas propostas por Pierre Boulez e Karlheinz Stockhausen sobre o problemática do tempo musical, com as quais Adorno teve contato. Identificamos, então, no encaminhamento programático de uma música informal o ponto culminante da crítica de Adorno às orientações teóricas e práticas da vanguarda serialista no pós-guerra. Notamos que sua intensa participação nos cursos de Darmstadt entre 1952 e 1966 (onde atuou como professor, crítico, conferencista e organizador de debates) esteve fortemente alinhada à sua produção ensaística e monográfica voltada à música no mesmo período. Nesse sentido, acreditamos que a confrontação com os compositores de Darmstadt viabilizou uma ocasião decisiva para que o filósofo expusesse criticamente e colocasse à prova os critérios de seu conceito de tempo musical. / This dissertation concerns the concept of musical time in Adornos philosophy and emphasizes his critique of post-Webern serialism, noticeable in his frequent interventions in the context of the Kranichstein-Darmstadt Summer Courses and the radio debates during the 1950s and 60s. These include controversial essays like Das Altern der neuen Musik, Die Funktion des Kontrapunkts in der neuen Musik, Kriterien der neuen Musik as well as his later related programmatic notion of informal music presented in the Darmstadt lecture Vers une musique informelle (1961). In these interventions, Adorno insists whether explicitly or not on the conservancy of a specific way of structuring inner temporal relationships between musical events. This type of formalization and perception of time became eluded with the advance of avant-garde compositional procedures. The dissertation has two parts and a dual purpose. First, it examines the references to the specific notion of time that Adorno develops in his musical thought, contemplating the reciprocity between philosophical and musical categories held by his historical-materialist approach. This philosophical framework ascribes a progressive rationalization or detemporalization of time in Western culture through the advance of Enlightenment, which would also be recognizable in the history of musical forms. Hence, for Adorno, detemporalization of time (title of an important sub-chapter of Negative Dialektik) in philosophy resulted from a symmetrical thrust that imposed a progressive spatialization of musical time (a central claim from Philosophie der neuen Musik). The late published Beethoven-Fragmente offers a great deal of elucidation about his concept of musical time; whereas his Stravinsky critique and the essays on the relationship between music and painting clearly shape the critical singularity of the concept. Secondly, this dissertation describes, as a counterpoint to Adornos concept, the theoretical approaches proposed by Pierre Boulez and Karlheinz Stockhausen on musical time. It is shown why the notion of informal music can be considered the epitome of Adornos musical reflection after Philosophie der neuen Musik (1949), considering his ambivalent criticism of these post-war avant-garde orientations. In short, one observes that Adornos regular attendance of the Darmstadt Summer Courses, from 1950 until 1966, is closely linked to his publications and thoughts on music aesthetics of the same period. We argue that these reflections on the directions of the avant-garde provided him the opportunity to better present and confront the elements of his concept of musical time.