This research project demonstrates the importance of the use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and its relationship to the frequency of suicidal thoughts in veterans through the use of the positivist paradigm. The correlation that was found showing that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy does reduce the frequency of suicide ideation through the collection of quantitative data, and the understanding of Cognitive Learning Theory it is this study offers clinicians another tool to combat suicide in veterans.

Background: Suicidal thoughts affect 12% of Canadian adolescents. Previous research has linked many factors to suicidality but has not considered how these factors may act together or their effect on non-mental health outcomes. Methods: I used the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth to construct predictive models for suicidal thinking. Recursive partitioning models were constructed and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for suicidal thoughts and secondary outcomes was calculated. I tested the models in the Avon Longitudinal Survey of Parents and Children. Results: Predictive model sensitivity was 24.2%, specificity was 89.8%, PPV was 24.7%, and NPV was 89.5% and had similar accuracy in the second dataset. The models were better at predicting other adverse outcomes compared to suicidal ideas. Conclusion: Exposure to multiple risk factors is predictive of several poor outcomes in adolescence including suicidal thoughts.

In 2022, there were forty-two mass school shootings, a record that surpassed the previous years. As of April 2023, there have already been fourteen school shootings that have resulted in injury or death. Each year, the frequency of mass school shootings and the number of victims continue to rise. Regarding the shooters' characteristics, some have reported a history of mental illness, instability within the home, poor academic performance, and more. In the United States (U.S.), one out of five children and adolescents are diagnosed with mental health disorders (Brookman, 2017). This study will examine four significant perpetrators that committed mass school shootings in the U.S. between 1991 and 2022. Through a systematic review, it will attempt to inspect common characteristics and warning signs relating to poor mental health. In addition, this study will discuss the importance of utilizing Mental Health Screenings (MHS) to assist in prevention and interventions within schools. Many adults with mental illness were once children and adolescents with emerging poor mental health. When detected early, treatment can be administered to prevent lifelong suffering and dangerous outcomes. With the implementation of MHS, schoolteachers and counselors can refer and provide necessary psychological services to promote positive mental health and early intervention, two key variables that may play a crucial role in reducing the frequency of mass school shootings in America.

Researchers have previously identified substance use and borderline personality disorder as factors that increase risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. This study explored the relationship between these factors in samples of students and individuals seeking outpatient treatment. Supplemental data collected via the internet (MTurk) also looked at experiential avoidance (EA) with the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. The Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Scale for Suicide Ideation, and Personality Assessment Inventory- Borderline Features Scale elicited information regarding severity and/or frequency of substance use, suicidal thoughts, and borderline features respectively. Additionally, the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire was administered to the UNT sample. The UNT sample analyses indicate substance use moderates, strengthening, the relationship between borderline features and current suicidal thoughts. However, severity of suicidal thoughts was lower for individuals high in both borderline features and substance use disorder symptoms compared to those low in borderline features and high in substance use symptoms. The MTurk sample analyses suggest substance use functions as a mediator. A robust relationship existed between substance use severity and EA, showing substance use as a behavioral marker for EA. In conclusion, concurrent treatment of substance use and borderline personality features would be beneficial in reducing risk for suicidal thoughts. Further investigation into the role and utility of addressing EA is warranted.

No description available.

No description available.

Among the general Asian-American population, 18 to 25-year-old Asian-Americans and U.S. born Asian-American women have been found to have particularly high rates of suicidal ideation. An important risk factor for suicidal ideation in this population is parenting style/family conflict. Asian-Americans who are the children of immigrants, as opposed to White-Americans and non-American Asians, are often exposed to two different cultures and parenting styles. Researchers have suggested that this leads to a “fractured identity” and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). This study examined STBs in 18 to 25-year-old East Asian-American women. Depression and borderline personality disorder (BPD) severity were examined as mediating variables between family conflict and STBs. East Asian-American women (Asian-Americans) were compared to East Asian international students (Asians) and non-Hispanic/Latino whites (Caucasians). The study aimed to (1) compare the prevalence and severity of STBs, depression, and BPD across ethnic groups, (2) evaluate whether there were cultural differences in the measurement properties of the depression and BPD measures, and (3) compare parenting styles/family conflict and hypothesized pathways to suicidal ideation across groups. Data were collected through an online survey (N = 1,455). Asian-Americans and Caucasians reported similar prevalence of suicidal thoughts and similar depression, BPD, and suicidal ideation severity. There were cultural differences in the measurement properties of several items on the depression and BPD measures. In the serial mediation analysis, the path from ethnic group to family conflict to depression and BPD severity to suicidal ideation severity indicated that Asian-Americans have the most suicidal ideation through this pathway. In the moderated mediation analysis, the indirect effect of family conflict on suicidal ideation through depression and BPD was strongest in Caucasians, followed by Asian-Americans, and then Asians. These results can be reconciled given that Asian-Americans had the most family conflict and resulting suicidal ideation, but the effect of family conflict itself on suicidal ideation was strongest in Caucasians. This study indicates that the prevalence of STBs is higher in young Asian-American women than previously established rates in the general Asian-American population and that family conflict is associated with increased depression, BPD, and suicidal ideation severity.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att ta reda på vilka arbetssätt och bemötande professionella använder gentemot klienter med självmordstankar. Uppsatsen bygger på en kvalitativ intervjustudie där fem professionella som i sitt arbete möter klienter med självmordstankar varit delaktiga. Resultat visade att professionella använder sig av kartläggande samtal, bedömningsformulär, samtal och uppföljning i arbetet med dessa klienter. De professionella uppgav att det viktigaste i bemötandet är att lyssna, våga fråga, låta klienten berätta och visa att man finns där för klienten. Resultatet förväntades bidra till ökad kunskap om arbetssätt och bemötande gentemot klienter med självmordstankar för oss socialarbetare. Detta för att vi upplevde att vi saknade specifik utbildning i ämnet inom socionomutbildningen. / The aim of this study was to investigate the existing types of working methods and approaches used by professionals on clients with suicidal thoughts. Through interviews with five professionals who meet clients with suicidal thoughts, data were collected for a qualitative study. The result suggested that the working methods used by these professionals are mapping based on therapy talk, evaluation forms, talks and follow-ups. The professionals treat their clients by listening, having the courage to ask questions about suicide, to allow the client to narrate their story and to be there for the client. The results are expected to contribute to increasing our knowledge as social workers on working methods and approaches towards clients with suicidal thoughts. Our choice was based on the lack of specific training on that field within the study program in social work.

This paper aims to provide insight into the risk factors contributing to suicidal ideation and behavior among adolescents. First, the author overviews the extant academic literature on the subject. She highlights the persistently high incidence of suicide among young people in the Czech Republic and briefly defines the stages of adolescence as well as the particular forms and methods of suicidal behavior. Subsequently, the author discusses in detail individual aspects of demographics, clinical data, familial environments and interpersonal relationships that the academic literature associates with an increased risk of suicidality among adolescents. Concluding the overview, the author sets the topic of suicide into the context of a children's crisis helpline. The author goes on to present an empirical analysis of reports documenting suicidal calls made to a children's crisis helpline. She uses both qualitative and quantitative methods to identify particular life circumstances that may contribute to the development of suicidal ideation and/or behavior, paying attention to distinct aspects of suicidality and to gender differences. As part of her analysis, the author critically evaluates the benefits and pitfalls associated with the use of data obtained from an anonymous crisis helpline.

Suicid och suicidförsök är ett folkhälsoproblem världen över och bara i Sverige tar ca 1500 människor sitt liv varje år, vilket blir ca fyra per dag. Suicidförsök är vanligare bland kvinnor, däremot fullföljer män oftare sin suicid. Att omhänderta en person med suicidnära tankar är bland det svåraste, mest emotionella och påfrestande arbetsuppgifterna som sjuksköterskan prehospitalt kan ställas inför. Personer med suicidnära tankar har ofta svårt att känna förtroende för andra människor och de har många negativa tankar om livet. Sjuksköterskan bör alltid sträva efter att förstå patientens livssituation samtidigt som de gör allt för att förhindra att patienten tar sitt liv. För att mötet med patienten ska bli så bra som möjligt krävs att sjuksköterskan fortlöpande ökar sin kompetens, bearbetar sina attityder och får den kunskap som behövs för att bemöta mångfalden i den problematik som omhändertagandet av personer med suicidnära tankar innebär.    Syftet var att belysa sjuksköterskornas upplevelser vid omhändertagandet av patienter med suicidnära tankar prehospitalt.    En kvalitativ ansats valdes med intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod för att fånga sjuksköterskans upplevelser. Elva sjuksköterskor inom ambulanssjukvården intervjuades. Materialet spelades in med hjälp av en diktafon och transkriberades sedan av författarna. Analys av det insamlade intervjumaterialet gjordes genom en manifest, kvalitativ innehållsanalys.    I resultatet framkom fyra huvudkategorier: Beredskap för uppdraget, Det som skapar förutsättningarna, Mötet i en utsatt situation och Emotionella utmaningar – att gå vidare. Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskan inför uppdraget med en suicidnära patient inte förberedde sig på något speciellt sätt mer än att de diskuterade olika scenarion med sin kollega. Att sjuksköterskan var verbalt rustad och kände sig bekväm i sig själv som person, skapade goda förutsättningar för ett bra möte med patienten. Flera sjuksköterskor upplevde att de inte hade tillräcklig utbildning inom psykiatri, utan de arbetade utifrån sina egna och kollegans tidigare erfarenheter. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde att en stor del av omhändertagandet inte bara handlade om patienten utan även om dess närstående. Att omhänderta patienter med suicidnära tankar kunde väcka många starka känslor som kunde påverka sjuksköterskan negativt och vissa beskrev att de minns vissa uppdrag lång tid efter händelsen. Sjuksköterskorna uppgav att de inte var i behov av något stöd mer än att prata med sina kollegor efter en händelse.    Författarnas slutsats var att det fanns ett behov, för sjuksköterskan inom ambulanssjukvården, av kompletterande och återkommande utbildning i psykiatri som en viktig förutsättning för att bedriva patientsäker vård och omvårdnad i olika situationer. Kvaliteten och säkerheten inom vården minskade då sjuksköterskan själv upplevde en brist på kunskap inom detta område. / Suicide and suicide attempts are a public health problem all over the world. In Sweden 1500 people take their lives every year, which will be about four per day. Suicide attempts are more common among women. Men, however are more often succeed with their suicide. One of most challenging, most emotional and stressful tasks that the prehospital nurse can face, is to take care of a person with suicidal thoughts. Persons with suicidal thoughts often find it difficult to trust in other people and also have negative attitude towards life itself. A nurse should always strive to understand the patient's situation in life while doing what is possible to prevent the patient from committing suicide. In order for the patient meeting to be as successful as possible, the nurse need constantly to increase their skills, develop their attitudes and gain the required knowledge to deal with diversity that involves the treatment of people with suicidal thoughts.   The aim was to illuminate the nurses' experiences in the prehospital treatment, of patients with suicidal thoughts.   A qualitative approach was chosen to capture the nurse's experiences. Eleven nurses in the ambulance healthcare were interviewed. The interviews were recorded using a dictaphone, and then were transcribed verbatim. The analysis was carried out by a manifest, qualitative content analysis.   Four main categories emerged: Preparedness for the assignment, What creates the conditions, The meeting in an exposed situation and Emotional challenges - to move forward. The results demonstrate that the nurses did not prepare specifically before meeting a suicidal patient, other than discussed different possible scenarios with their colleague. To create optimal conditions for a good meeting with a patient, the nurse was well-prepared verbally, and felt confident. Several nurses experienced lack of adequate education in psychiatry and based their work on their own and colleagues' previous experiences. Nurses found that a great deal of care was not just about the patient but also of his or her relatives. To take care of patients with suicidal thoughts may cause many strong feelings that can negatively affect the nurse and some nurses described that they remember some of these assignments long after the event. Nurses stated that they were not in need of mental support, more than talking to their colleagues after an assignment.   The authors conclusion was that there is a need, for nurses in the ambulance care, supplementary and recurrent training in psychiatry as an important prerequisite for a patientsafe and nursing care in different situations. Quality and safety in healthcare decreased when the nurse experienced a lack of knowledge in this area.