Det finns en utbredd diskriminering på arbetsmarknaden med islamofobisk grund. Syftet med studien var att undersöka unga muslimska kvinnors upplevelse av det svenska arbetslivet i relation till deras muslimska identitet och för att undersöka just upplevelsen valdes en kvalitativ metod då det ansågs kunna bidra till en förståelse. Datainsamlingsmetoden var semistrukturerade intervjuer och urvalet var ett så kallat snöbollsurval. Intervjupersonerna var kvinnor i åldrarna 18-26 år, bosatta i Sverige och hade samtliga varit föremål för både rekrytering, arbetssökande och anställning. Analysmetoden var en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Fem intervjuer gjordes, och det som framkom under analysen var att det i synnerhet diskuterades fem kategorier; Omgivningens attityder, delaktighet i arbetslivet, särskilt bemötande, islam i media och utveckling av strategier. Kvinnornas upplevelser var varierande, men resultatet var att majoriteten hade upplevt negativt bemötande på grund av sin religiösa tillhörighet, att de ansåg att det fanns svårigheter med att bli anställd som muslimsk kvinna, att omgivningen i någon utsträckning reagerar på deras slöja och att media har ett stort inflytande på hur människor uppfattar muslimer. Slutsatsen var att intervjupersonerna upplevt annorlunda bemötande på grund av sin religiösa tillhörighet, att de upplever en skepsis mot muslimer i Sverige och att islam förknippas med terrorism och extremism. / There is a widespread discrimination on the labour marked with Islamophobic basis. The aim of this study was to investigate young Muslim women ́s experiences of the Swedish work life in relation to their muslim identity and in order to gain an understanding, a qualitative method was chosen. The data collection method was semi-structured interviews and the selection was a snowball sampling. The interviewees were women aged 18-26 and had all been subject to both recruitment, job search and employment. The analytical method used was a qualitative content analysis. Five interviews were conducted and five themes were to identify within those interviews; the attitudes of the surrounding community, participation in labour market, special treatment from others, Islam in the media and the developement of strategies. The women ́s experiences were all different, but the result was that the majority had experienced negative treatment because of their religious beliefs, they felt that there were difficulties being employed as a Muslim woman, that the enviroment to some extent reacts to their veil and that the media has a big influence on how people perceive Muslims. The conclusion was that the interviewees had been subject to a different treatment due to their religious beliefs, that they experienced a scepticsm against Muslims in Sweden and that Islam was associated with terrorism and extremism.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka upplevelserna av etnisk diskriminering på arbetsmarknaden som resulterat i ett namnbyte från ett utländskt namn till ett mer svenskklingande bland personer med utländsk bakgrund. Vidare kommer studien undersöka ifall namnbytet gett upphov till några sociala konsekvenser som påverkar vardagen och personens identitet. I studien används en kvalitativ metod och det empiriska materialet består av fyra intervjuer med personer som genomgått ett namnbyte för att förbättra deras situation på arbetsmarknaden i Malmö. Den teoretiska ansatsen strävar efter att förklara orsakerna bakom etnisk diskriminering samt visa hur ett namnbyte kan påverka individens identitet. Studiens slutsats är att ett namnbyte kan leda till stora sociala konsekvenser som problem med familj och vänner samt svårigheter med att identifiera sig med det nya namnet vilket leder till en negativ inverkan på identiteten och självbilden. / The essay will illustrate the experiences of ethnic discrimination on the labour market, which resulted in a name change from a foreign name to a more Swedish-like among people with a foreign background. Additionally this study will investigate if the name change has lead to any social consequences that affect the everyday life and the person’s identity. The method in this study is a qualitative approach and the empirical material consists of four interviews with people who changed their name in hope of improving their situation on the labour market in Malmö. The theoretical approach strives to provide an explanation for the reasons behind the ethnic discrimination and to illustrate how the name change affects a person’s identity. The conclusion of this study is that a name change can result in substantial social consequenses like problems among family and friends and can lead to serious difficulty with connecting to and identifying with the new name.

African immigrants in Sweden are often problematized in political and media debates, especially in relation to the lack of integration into the Swedish labour market. The study is based on primary and secondary data analysis of the challenges Ugandan immigrants experience during the process of navigating themselves in the Swedish labour market. The aim of this study is to examine the challenges experienced by Ugandan immigrants in and within the Swedish labour market.My empirical material was based on the primary data gathered from interviews (semi-structured interviews), which are real-life experiences from immigrants and secondary data from the literature review that formed the study's theoretical background. The theories used during research are human capital, social capital, and integration. During the study, findings revealed that discrimination, the lack of social network, lack of human capital poor knowledge of the Swedish language, and non-recognition of foreign academic qualifications and skills were the major barriers experienced by Ugandan immigrants from entering the Swedish labour market. However, the Swedish government has been able to acknowledge some of those challenges and considered plans have been put in place to tackle these challenges.

This thesis tries to find out factors limiting Immigrants to the secondary Labour Market in Sweden, with focus on the Hotel and Restaurant employment sector. I analyze the possible limitations of immigrants working in the secondary job category within the hotel and restaurant sector of the Swedish Labour market by applying theories of Segmented Labour Market, Human Capital, Signal Theory, Social Capital and possibly Discrimination. The study was carried out using a semi-structured interview method with individuals who were employed in the hotel and restaurant sector in Malmo city, Sweden. The result obtained in this research shows that Immigrants with a foreign educational qualification in the Swedish labour market would not find jobs beyond the secondary labour market. The study also gives an indication that the low educational level of the immigrants in the host country also limits immigrants to the Secondary labour market. This paper also shows that, regardless of factors such as the type of educational qualification and where it was concluded, type of work experiences, lack of relevant work experience, and high level of unemployment, which limits immigrants’ possibility for occupational/professional mobility in the Swedish labour market, preferential discrimination is also suspected to play a significant role with respect to employment.

<p>Uppsatsen belyser invandrade akademikers erfarenheter av Söderhamns kommuns Insteg till Svenskt Arbetsliv, en kurs för att underlätta inträdet på svensk arbetsmarknad samt invandrade akademikers syn på hur de kan få jobb i Sverige. Det är svårt för invandrade akademiker att få arbete som motsvarar deras utbildning.  Metoden för undersökningen har varit semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra invandrade akademiker. Resultatet visade att ISA-kursen gav information om hur man söker jobb i Sverige och hur den svenska arbetsmarknaden fungerar, kontakt med arbetsgivare samt träning i att prata svenska. Resultatet visade att det behövs kurser i svenskt fackspråk och ekonomiskt stöd för att studera svenska på hög nivå. Resultatet överensstämmer med Svenskt Näringslivs åsikt att brist på effektiva utbildningar i svenska gör att Sverige inte kan förvalta hitflyttad välutbildad arbetskraft. Resultatet visar att kommuner behöver fördela rätt kompetens till rätt kommun samt att invandrade akademiker behöver hjälp med kontakter med arbetsgivare. Processen att få ett arbete behöver gå snabbare för att invandrade akademiker inte ska tappa motivation.</p> / <p> </p><p>This thesis explains how academically educated immigrants in Söderhamn, Sweden, have experienced a course aiming to help them enter the Swedish job market. It gives these academically educated immigrants' views on how they can get a job in Sweden. It is difficult for academically educated immigrants to get work in Sweden equivalent to their education. The method used has been semi-structured interviews with four immigrants with academic educations. The result shows that the course gave information about how to apply for a job in Sweden and how the Swedish job market works, contact with Swedish employers and training in speaking Swedish. The result also shows that there is a need for technical language courses in Swedish that gives immigrants the terminology needed to be able to practice their professions in Sweden.  In addition there is a need for financial support to be able to study Swedish at high levels. This result corresponds with the view of Svenskt Näringsliv: There is a lack of effective Swedish courses in Sweden which makes it impossible to make use of highly educated people that move here. Furthermore the result shows that communities in Sweden need to have a better communication and place people with competence to the appropriate community. Finally academically educated immigrants need help in contacting Swedish employers. The process to get a job in Sweden must be quicker or they may lose their motivation to find work in Sweden.</p>

<p> </p><p>The aims of this qualitative study are threefold: 1) to explore, describe and analyze the paths for accessing the Swedish labour market among a group of women of Latin-American origin; 2) to address the question about role of the women’s social networks in relation to the processes of gaining/maintaining employment; and 3) to present how the participant’s perceive their job careers within the Swedish labour market. Individual semi-structured interviews constituted the primary source of data collection. Conceptualizations from labour market theories and social capital theories were laid out to bring relevant understandings. The sampling strategy used was ‘criterion’. The results shown the interaction of personal and structural aspects in the job-search process, jobs attained and perception of occupational careers. Bonding, bridging and linking social capital are relevant concepts to understand the extent to which women obtain information and mobilize resources in the job-search process. Perceptions regarding career paths are tied to the participant’s expectations on the jobs they have looked for, the meanings they attribute to their occupations and the learning derived from their working experiences. Further research on networking at the workplaces and its impact on job satisfaction, job attachment, and self-esteem, are suggested. </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>

The aims of this qualitative study are threefold: 1) to explore, describe and analyze the paths for accessing the Swedish labour market among a group of women of Latin-American origin; 2) to address the question about role of the women’s social networks in relation to the processes of gaining/maintaining employment; and 3) to present how the participant’s perceive their job careers within the Swedish labour market. Individual semi-structured interviews constituted the primary source of data collection. Conceptualizations from labour market theories and social capital theories were laid out to bring relevant understandings. The sampling strategy used was ‘criterion’. The results shown the interaction of personal and structural aspects in the job-search process, jobs attained and perception of occupational careers. Bonding, bridging and linking social capital are relevant concepts to understand the extent to which women obtain information and mobilize resources in the job-search process. Perceptions regarding career paths are tied to the participant’s expectations on the jobs they have looked for, the meanings they attribute to their occupations and the learning derived from their working experiences. Further research on networking at the workplaces and its impact on job satisfaction, job attachment, and self-esteem, are suggested.

Uppsatsen belyser invandrade akademikers erfarenheter av Söderhamns kommuns Insteg till Svenskt Arbetsliv, en kurs för att underlätta inträdet på svensk arbetsmarknad samt invandrade akademikers syn på hur de kan få jobb i Sverige. Det är svårt för invandrade akademiker att få arbete som motsvarar deras utbildning.  Metoden för undersökningen har varit semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra invandrade akademiker. Resultatet visade att ISA-kursen gav information om hur man söker jobb i Sverige och hur den svenska arbetsmarknaden fungerar, kontakt med arbetsgivare samt träning i att prata svenska. Resultatet visade att det behövs kurser i svenskt fackspråk och ekonomiskt stöd för att studera svenska på hög nivå. Resultatet överensstämmer med Svenskt Näringslivs åsikt att brist på effektiva utbildningar i svenska gör att Sverige inte kan förvalta hitflyttad välutbildad arbetskraft. Resultatet visar att kommuner behöver fördela rätt kompetens till rätt kommun samt att invandrade akademiker behöver hjälp med kontakter med arbetsgivare. Processen att få ett arbete behöver gå snabbare för att invandrade akademiker inte ska tappa motivation. / This thesis explains how academically educated immigrants in Söderhamn, Sweden, have experienced a course aiming to help them enter the Swedish job market. It gives these academically educated immigrants' views on how they can get a job in Sweden. It is difficult for academically educated immigrants to get work in Sweden equivalent to their education. The method used has been semi-structured interviews with four immigrants with academic educations. The result shows that the course gave information about how to apply for a job in Sweden and how the Swedish job market works, contact with Swedish employers and training in speaking Swedish. The result also shows that there is a need for technical language courses in Swedish that gives immigrants the terminology needed to be able to practice their professions in Sweden.  In addition there is a need for financial support to be able to study Swedish at high levels. This result corresponds with the view of Svenskt Näringsliv: There is a lack of effective Swedish courses in Sweden which makes it impossible to make use of highly educated people that move here. Furthermore the result shows that communities in Sweden need to have a better communication and place people with competence to the appropriate community. Finally academically educated immigrants need help in contacting Swedish employers. The process to get a job in Sweden must be quicker or they may lose their motivation to find work in Sweden.

To what extent does individuals’ personal opinions influence their professional behaviour? There has been an extensive field experiment on the existence of ethnic discrimination in the Swedish labour market. There are statistics data showing that people with Swedish or occidental-sounding names have an advantage over other ethnicities when it comes to being called in for job interviews. Similarly, the wage gaps between Swedes and other ethnicities are on the rise. Rising occurrences of ethnic discrimination in recruitment is an increasing concern in the Swedish labour market. This has significant implications for ethnic minorities and the prospect of a prosperous life.This paper was based on the study of the recruiters’ approach, perception of the phenomenon of ethnic discrimination. The purpose of the study was to shed light on the presence of ethnic discrimination in the recruitment process. Using a qualitative approach and qualitative interview as a method for data sampling, this study analysed recruiters’ attitudes and understanding of ethnic discrimination in the Swedish labour market. This study answers questions regarding societal norms and perceptions, which were found to play the greatest role in facilitating the spread of ethnic discrimination and stereotyping and categorising of ethnic minorities. These behaviours were found to be indirect discriminations based on implicit bias towards other groups. / <p>2020-06-08</p>

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