La région Souss Massa Drâa fait l'objet d'une première expérience d'aménagement touristique du territoire durant les années 1970. Cet aménagement repositionne l'espace de cette région, jusque-là pauvre en activités économiques, par rapport à une logique de marché et de rentabilité des investissements et non pas par rapport à un souci d'aménagement touristique équilibré du territoire, qui prend en considération les différentes potentialités qu'offre le Sud du pays. Il en résulte que les efforts d'aménagement se concentrent dans les zones balnéaires pour répondre à une demande de tourisme de masse, toujours de plus en plus excédentaire de l'offre. Cette situation ouvre largement les portes aux spéculations. foncières et financières qui prolifèrent un peu partout, obligeant l'État à introduire une législation de plus en plus hostile à l'égard d'un secteur privé qui souffre déjà des séquelles de la crise économique, et des formations-recompositions qui résultent du programme d'ajustement structurel, de la politique de privatisation et de la suppression des avantages octroyés au secteur touristique. L'objectif premier de ce travail de recherche est d'analyser et d'évaluer les politiques et les systèmes d'organisation qui sont mis en place et qui sont responsables des difficultés de développement du secteur touristique au niveau de la région Souss Massa Drâa. La radioscopie du tourisme au niveau de ce territoire durant les quatre dernières décennies s'avère un passage obligé pour l'analyse et l'appréhension des voies et des moyens de faire de ce secteur un pilier de développement économique de ce territoire. / The Souss Massa Drâa region witnessed the first experience in territory touristic development during the 1970's. This development repositioned the space of this region, until then short of economic activities, in relation to the demands of the market and the profitability of the investment, and not in relation to any concern regarding some balanced territory touristic development, which takes into consideration the different potentialities that the South of the country offers. The result is that the efforts for development have been concentrated around the coastal resorts in order to respond to mass tourism needs, continuously exceeding the offer at band. This situation leaves the doors wide open to real estate and financial speculations which are proliferating everywhere, forcing the State to introduce a legislation which is more and more hostile toward a private sector which already suffers from the aftermath of the economic crisis, the remake-up formations resulting from the structural adjustment program, the policy of privatization, and the removal of the several benefits granted to the touristic sector. The primary objective of this research work is to evaluate the policies and systems of organization which have been put in place and which are responsible for the difficulties in the development of the touristic sector in the Souss Massa Drâa region. The fluoroscopy of tourism at the level of this territory during the past four decades has proved that tourism is an essential passage for the analysis and the apprehension of the ways and means required to make this sector a pillar of territory economic development.

Le processus du transfert de connaissances managériales se fait dans un projet de partenariat public-privé, sur la stratégie adoptée par le partenaire public face au besoin d’acquisitions de connaissances dans un objectif de fournir un service public de qualité et d’avoir une autonomie managériale après l’achèvement du contrat. Les résultats de ce transfert de connaissances managériales des entreprises publiques algériennes en situation de partenariat avec leurs homologues étrangers, sont fonction de la capacité d’apprentissage de ces connaissances par le partenaire public afin de les acquérir, les intégrer au sein de l’organisation et les utiliser. Ils sont également fonction de la capacité d’émission du partenaire privé à faciliter le transfert par le biais de la codification de la connaissance selon les critères suivants : l’intention stratégique, la confiance et la transparence ainsi que la volonté mutuelle du partage de connaissances dans une relation de coopération. / Processes of transferring managerial knowledge is made in a project of public-private partnership PPP on the strategy adopted by the public partner face the need for acquisition of knowledge in a goal to provide a public high quality service and to have a managerial autonomy after contract’s completion.The Algerian public enterprises, partnership situation with their foreign counterparts, knowledge transfer’s results are depending on the learning capacity of this knowledge by the public partner to acquire, integrate within the organization and use them. They are also a function of the transmission capacity of the private partner to facilitating the transfer through knowledge’s codification according to the following criteria: the strategic intent, trust and transparency and mutual willingness knowledge’s sharing in a cooperative relationship.

This diploma thesis is a comprehensive and up-to-date review of public private partnership (PPP) infrastructure projects at the municipal level in Germany. Public private partnerships use the know-how and the skills of the private sector for the construction and operation of infrastructure and for the long-term provision of public services. The overall goal of this thesis is to discuss the municipal government's approach to PPP infrastructure projects. The theoretical part of this thesis includes informations and fundamental characteristics of public private partnership project types and the most widely used financial instruments in Germany, as well as the obstacles, challenges and prospects of success for the PPP Programme. The thesis further deals with the legislation and the institutional framework of this cooperation, including the establishment of the Partnerschaften Deutschland und other PPP units in central and local government to promote and manage projects. In particular we focus on the possibility of the involvement of private partners in public private partnerships to clear the backlog of investment and to satisfy local authority investment needs. The empirical part of this work describes the efficient, beneficial and cost-effective delivery of what is currently one of Germany's biggest PPP projects in the field of public- sector building construction: refurbishing, financing and operating the 90 schools in the district of Offenbach in the south of Hesse.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-06-05T19:49:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel de Andrade Santos.pdf: 1146053 bytes, checksum: 6b7c160b5fdb30149c302bfe8ba6478c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-05T19:49:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel de Andrade Santos.pdf: 1146053 bytes, checksum: 6b7c160b5fdb30149c302bfe8ba6478c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-06 / Brazil in recent decades has seen considerable increases in crime levels, especially in crime against property and drug trafficking. This condition reflects directly in the penitentiary system. Lacking and insufficient to supply current needs, it finds itself on the verge of collapse. Violations of basic rights are a part of routine. The solution for the approaching chaos installed in the prison system is the privatization of prisons. Gradually applied, it began with the provision of means services, such as food, cleaning and health. However, in 2013, the first completely private penitentiary is inaugurated, from the project to the conclusion of the work, and execution of the service. I was developed in the public-private partnership model. However, the proposal is not innovative, as it ignores matters of social character, which are intrinsic to prison reality in Brazil. The criminal selectivity bordered by social stratification. The economic options that generate the massification of the collective. Organized crime and violence promoted by it. They are hidden tensors of the political proposals that are based on the economic aspect. The present work is guided by bibliographic research, uses historical and hypothetical deductive methods. It seeks to contribute with critical thinking regarding the proposals that aim to minimize the disorder installed in prisons. / O Brasil nas últimas décadas passou a exibir consideráveis aumentos nos níveis de criminalidade, em especial nos crimes contra o patrimônio e tráfico de drogas. Esta condição reflete diretamente no sistema penitenciário. Defasado e insuficiente para suprir as necessidades atuais, encontra-se a beira do colapso. As violações de direitos básicos são parte de rotina. A solução que se aproxima com o caos instalado no sistema prisional é a privatização dos presídios. Aplicada gradativamente, teve início com o fornecimento de serviços meios, como alimentação, limpeza e saúde. Porém, no ano de 2013, é inaugurada a primeira penitenciária totalmente privada, do projeto à conclusão da obra e execução do serviço. Desenvolvida no modelo de parceria público-privada. Contudo, a proposta não é inovadora, desconsidera questões de caráter social, que são intrínsecas à realidade carcerária no Brasil. A seletividade criminal margeada pela estratificação social. As opções econômicas que geram a massificação do coletivo. O crime organizado e a violência por ele promovida. São tensionadores ocultados das propostas políticas que se fundamentam no aspecto econômico. O presente trabalho orienta-se por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, utiliza dos métodos histórico e hipotético dedutivo. Busca contribuir com pensamento crítico em relação às propostas que visam minimizar a desordem instalada nas prisões.

Wirtschaftlichkeitsuntersuchungen dienen Kommunen als Instrument der Haushaltswirtschaft. Die Haushaltswirtschaft zählt zwar zur kommunalen Selbstverwaltung und gehört damit in den Kompetenzbereich der Kommunen, die insofern eigenständig tätig werden. Allerdings sind die sächsischen Kommunen zur sparsamen und wirtschaftlichen Haushaltsführung verpflichtet. Rechtsgrundlage dafür ist § 72 Abs. 2 S. 1 SächsGemO: „Die Haushaltswirtschaft ist sparsam und wirtschaftlich zu führen.“ Um bei Planung und Durchführung von kommunalen Investitionsprojekten diesem Gebot nachkommen zu können, werden Wirtschaftlichkeitsuntersuchungen durchgeführt. Sie dienen als Nachweis, dass bei Investitionsvorhaben den existierenden Anforderungen an die Angemessenheit (im Sinnes eines sparsamen Mitteleinsatzes) und der Realisierbarkeit (im Sinnes der Verfügbarkeit der Bau-und Betriebsmittel Rechnung getragen wird.

Die Kompetenzzentren haben sich für einen ersten Dialog mit den Rechnungshöfen offen aber kritisch mit dem Bericht auseinandergesetzt. Sie haben gemeinsam Fragestellungen, Vorschlä-ge und zuweilen auch Gegenpositionen zu den Aussagen im Bericht erarbeitet. Diese Arbeits-ergebnisse sind im Folgenden synoptisch dargestellt. Die Anmerkungen stellen keinesfalls eine abschließende Positionierung der Länder dar, sondern sollen vielmehr helfen, fachlich mit den Rechnungshöfen in eine offene Auseinandersetzung über ÖPP insgesamt, lebenszyklusorien-tierter Beschaffung insbesondere und über die Aussagen des Berichts im Detail einzutreten:

Nachdem seit einigen Jahren in vielen Vorhaben Projekterfahrungen mit der ÖPP-Variante beim Bund und in den einzelnen Bundesländern gesammelt wurden, haben im September 2011 die Präsidentinnen und Präsidenten der Rechnungshöfe des Bundes und der Länder einen gemeinsamen Erfahrungsbericht zur Wirtschaftlichkeit von ÖPP-Projekten veröffentlicht. Dieser Bericht soll nach Aussage der Rechnungshöfe kein Leitfaden sein, sondern eine Hilfestellung. Die Arbeitsgruppe der ÖPP-Kompetenzzentren der Länder dankt für die Einschätzung der Rechnungshöfe und nimmt diese zum Anlass, sie mit eigenen Erfahrungen zu vergleichen. Mit dieser Stellungnahme sollen Gemeinsamkeiten dargestellt, unterschiedliche Auffassungen in ihrer Sichtweise begründet und Lösungsansätze für künftige Projekte vorgeschlagen werden.

Este trabalho apresenta um procedimento para a análise e seleção de estratégias de manutenção de pavimentos em malhas de redes de rodovias, sendo proposto um modelo de sistema de gerência de pavimentos que inclui análises de riscos. O trabalho propõe a análise concomitante de diversas rodovias que sejam gerenciadas por uma mesma instituição, de modo a identificar os efeitos das estratégias individuais de manutenção sobre os custos totais para administração da malha. Para tanto são integrados elementos das análises em nível de projeto, com elementos adicionais, contendo informações especialmente relacionadas a riscos, de diversas naturezas e que possam ter impacto nas análises pelo sistema. Os conceitos fundamentais dos sistemas de gerência de pavimentos, tanto para aplicação em nível de rede, como para o nível de projeto, são utilizados no procedimento proposto de modo que grande parte dos dados requeridos é comum aos distintos níveis. O principal objetivo da integração entre os níveis de projeto e de rede é aumentar a confiabilidade dos resultados. Assim, a estrutura se inicia pelo nível de projeto, o qual contempla informações detalhadas acerca das condições dos pavimentos. Nesta etapa, os segmentos homogêneos são detalhadamente delimitados, e a utilização de variáveis obtidas por correlações é indicada. Tais elementos permitem que as intervenções sejam propostas de modo mais assertivo no curto prazo. Para a conexão entre os níveis de projeto e de rede, são selecionadas variáveis de desempenho advindas de medidas diretas sobre as condições dos pavimentos. É mais conveniente a utilização de variáveis que estejam alinhadas com requerimentos contratuais ou indicadores de desempenho. No nível de rede, a segmentação homogênea está orientada para fornecer resultados não detalhados, mais genéricos e de maior amplitude, que estatisticamente incluem variações de desempenho, comuns às projeções de médio e longo prazo. Para o procedimento, são elaborados cenários de análises, alinhados com políticas, objetivos, restrições, entre outros aspectos que possam influenciar a seleção de estratégias para intervenções em pavimentos. A ampliação dos elementos considerados nas análises, que resulta no nível proposto nesta tese, inclui estudos específicos sobre riscos. Os diversos riscos envolvidos na administração de rodovias vêm sendo explorados em maior profundidade em virtude da crescente participação da iniciativa privada em contratos de concessão. Os riscos são, portanto, considerados nos distintos níveis das organizações, a partir dos quais são eleitos aqueles que estejam relacionados e exerçam maiores impactos na gestão dos pavimentos. O estudo de caso conduzido para apresentar o procedimento contempla a análise de três rodovias concessionadas, considerando suas características especificas como condições dos pavimentos e requisitos contratuais. A partir do estudo de caso é possível pontuar aspectos relevantes nas análises em nível de rede, contribuindo para a construção de sistemas altamente orientados. / This thesis presents a procedure for the performing analysis and selection of strategies for the maintenance of road pavements in highways networks, by proposing a model of pavement management system that includes risk analysis. The work proposes the concomitant analysis of several highways that are managed by the same institution, in order to identify the effects of the individual maintenance strategies on the total costs for the administration of the network. For this purpose, the elements from project-level and network-level analysis are integrated with additional elements, especially those related to risk information, diverse in nature and with the capacity of impact on the system\'s analysis. The fundamental concepts of pavement management systems for both network-level and project-level are applied in the proposed procedure as the majority of the required data is common in both levels. The main purpose of the integration between the levels is to increase the reliability of the results. Thus, the structure begins at project-level, which includes detailed information about the condition of the pavements. In this step, the homogeneous segments are well delimited and the use of correlation obtained variables is indicated. These elements allow the proposed interventions to be more assertive on a short-term period. The indicators selected for the connection between project-level and network-level come from direct measurements on the conditions of the pavements. It is more convenient to use variables that are in line with contractual requirements or performance indicators. At the network level, homogeneous segmentation is oriented to provide not detailed results but to consider the larger scale. That includes, from statistically point of view, performance variations, common on projections for the medium and long-term. For the procedure, analysis scenarios are elaborated, in line with policies, objectives, constraints, and other aspects that may influence the selection of strategies for pavements interventions. The expansion of the elements considered in the analysis, which results in the proposed level, includes specific studies on risks. The various risks involved in the management of roads have been deeply explored due to the increasing participation of private partners in concession contracts. Therefore, the risks are considered in the different levels of the organizations. From those risks, the ones that are related and imply in a greater impact in the management of pavements are elected. The case study conducted to present the procedure includes the analysis of three highways under concession of a PPP (Private Public Partnership), considering its specific characteristics and pavements conditions, and contractual requirements. From the case study it is possible to draw attention to important aspects of the analysis at a macro network-level, contributing to the construction of highly oriented systems.

Orientador: Rosio Fernández Baca Salcedo / Resumo: Um dos maiores desafios da sociedade brasileira é a resolução do déficit habitacional e a oferta de moradia popular com qualidade. Qualidade esta que entendemos pelo acesso facilitado aos equipamentos e serviços coletivos presentes em seu contexto, que são necessários à qualidade de habitação, como expressa a Carta de Atenas de 1933. Nas décadas de 1980 e 1990, a Prefeitura de São Paulo sob forte pressão popular para atender a demanda por moradia implementa os primeiros programas de habitação social no Centro: território com infraestrutura urbana consolidada, sede das principais instituições e órgãos públicos, do patrimônio histórico e cultural edificados no município. Dentre os programas de habitação social implementados, o mais recente é a Parceria Público-Privada (PPP) Habitacional da Agência Casa Paulista que objetiva a requalificação da ambiência do Centro histórico, mediante a implementação de empreendimentos de Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS) e Habitação de Mercado Popular (HMP). O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a qualidade de habitação social do Programa PPP Habitacional e propor um instrumento de análise dessa qualidade em contextos históricos (Centro histórico e ambiência), através do estudo de caso do Residencial São Caetano: projeto novo de HIS construído pelo Programa PPP em 2016, e localizado no Bairro da Luz, no Distrito de Bom Retiro, na ambiência do Centro histórico de São Paulo. A metodologia proposta tem como base a fundamentação filosófica e teó... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: One of the big challenges for Brazilian society is the resolution of housing deficit and the offering of popular housing with quality. Quality that we understand by easy access to the collective equipment and services present in its context, which are necessary for the quality of housing according to the Athens Charter of 1933. In the 1980s and 1990s, under strong popular pressure to attend housing demand, the municipality of São Paulo implements the first social housing programs in the downtown area: territory with consolidated urban infrastructure, head office of the main public institutions and departments, of historical and cultural heritage built in the city. Among the social housing programs implemented, the latest one is the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Housing developed by the Casa Paulista Agency, which aims at the requalification of the ambience of São Paulo’s Historical Center with the construction of new buildings for social housing and popular market. The Dissertation aims to analyze the social housing quality of the PPP Housing Program and proposes an evaluation instrument of this quality applied in historical contexts (historical center and ambience), by using a case study of the Residencial São Caetano: a new social housing project built by the PPP Program in 2016, which is located in the Luz Neighborhood of the Bom Retiro District in the ambience of São Paulo’s Historical Center. The proposed methodology is based on the philosophical and theoretical found... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This study is about the perceptions, feelings, attitudes and knowledge of people towards government with regard to service delivery and participation with communities in order to accelerate social development. Government's enthusiasm to get things done often results in development not occurring at all. Entering into balanced partnerships with the private sector and communities needs to be explored a lot deeper. It must be borne in mind that people's attitudes, perceptions and feelings may differ according to the different strata of government. The study was undertaken to ascertain how people feel and thereby assess how effective government has been in the past seven years. This in turn will enable government to focus its efforts in the right direction. The study took into account various theoretical issues regarding the role of the state in developing a nation, the importance of knowledge and the management thereof as well as the changing face of development over the years. The shift in paradigm of the study of development is discussed as a matter of importance with structural adjustment programmes often resulting in slowed development and negative economic growth. Often schools of thought in development try to impose their thinking, but what this paper proposes is that schools of thought are not of importance here but quality of life in terms of social development and empowerment are. The study was conducted by means of three focus groups whereby each focus group had different characteristics. After the focus groups were conducted coding of the information gathered took place so as to facilitate analysis and interpretation. The study found that people are generally happy with the efforts of national government but that the delivery of service by regional and local government does not meet their expectations. It is also clear that the private and NGO sector seem to concentrate on the big urban townships whilst ignoring the plight of rural areas. The road ahead seems to indicate that consultation must take place and be improved with the communities as well as with big business who wish to develop their social responsibility programmes. It is recommended that local government be improved in terms of its effectiveness and responsiveness to its communities. Private sector must also re-assess its role in social development in the communities of its employees. The importance of this is then that government and private sector can work together in partnership in order to accelerate the pace of development. The credibility of government amongst the people as well as the reinforcement of democracy is at stake and the development of impoverished areas by ways of innovative strategies can only benefit all the peoples of our country. / Thesis (MA (Sociology))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Sociology / unrestricted