Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarciaSL_TESE.pdf: 4842135 bytes, checksum: b5c017ecd503f8ac8f797fb07359e645 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The alginates are copolymers of 1→4-linked β-D-mannuronic acid (M) and α-Lguluronic acid (G) residues that are arranjed in a block structure along a linear chain. Titanium dioxide, TiO2, is a ceramic material and can exist in three distinct crystallography forms: anatase, brookite and rutile. composites of organic and inorganic materials have better properties than the components alone. Thus, this study aims to synthesize, characterize and analyze the composite NaAlg-TiO2 in the form of powder and film. The synthesis of composite powders was performed using the sol-gel process and obtain the composite film was performed using the slow evaporation process, then the composites were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence x ray, thermal analysis, attenuated total reflection (ATR), x ray diffraction and impedance spectroscopy. The X ray diffraction patterns of composite powders show that with increasing calcination temperature, there were no complete transition of rutile-anatase crystalline phase, since at all temperatures studied (300, 500, 700, 900 and 1100?C) were observed peaks of anatase phase. Thermal analysis shows that at 400?C caused the decomposition of sodium alginate in sodium carbonate and above 600?C, we observe an exothermic peak related to the decomposition of sodium carbonate and in the presence of titanium dioxide becomes sodium titanate. The XRD results confirm the formation of sodium carbonate at 700?C and the formation sodium titanate in the temperature range 900-1100?C. The sodium titanate influenced the electrical properties of the material, because with increasing temperature there was a decrease in conductivity, probably due to the creation of Ti vacancies, since the sodium can induce the reduction of surface Ti4+ ions into Ti3+ species. The infrared spectra of the composites in the form of powder and film showed a small shift in the bands compared to the spectrum of pure alginate, indicating that these shifts, even small ones, have evidence of miscibility between the polymer and ceramic material / O alginato de s?dio, NaAlg, ? um polissacar?deo formado por liga??es do tipo 1-4 entre os ?cidos β-D-manur?nico e α-L-gulur?nico arranjados em bloco ao longo de uma cadeia linear. O di?xido de tit?nio, TiO2, ? um material cer?mico e existe em tr?s formas cristalinas: anat?sio, bruquita e rutilo. Os comp?sitos de materiais org?nicos e inorg?nicos apresentam melhores propriedades do que os componentes isoladamente. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve objetivo sintetizar, caracterizar e analisar os comp?sitos, NaAlg-TiO2, em formas de p? e de membrana. A s?ntese dos p?s comp?sitos foi realizada atrav?s do processo sol-gel e a obten??o dos comp?sitos em forma de membrana foi realizada atrav?s do processo de evapora??o lenta. Em seguida, os comp?sitos foram caracterizados por espectroscopia de infravermelho, difratometria de raios X, espectroscopia de imped?ncia, fluoresc?ncia de raios X, an?lise t?rmica e espectroscopia de reflect?ncia total atenuada-ATR. Os difratogramas de raios X dos p?s comp?sitos mostraram que, com o aumento da temperatura de calcina??o, n?o houve a completa transi??o de fase anat?sio-rutilo, uma vez que, em todas as temperaturas estudadas (300, 500, 700, 900 e 1100?C) foram observados picos da fase anat?sio. A an?lise t?rmica mostrou que em 400?C ocorreu ? decomposi??o do alginato de s?dio em carbonato de s?dio e, acima de 600?C, se observa um pico exot?rmico referente ? decomposi??o do carbonato de s?dio que, na presen?a do di?xido de tit?nio, transforma-se em titanato de s?dio, confirmados, tamb?m, atrav?s dos difratogramas de raios X, em que na temperatura de 700?C observa-se picos referentes ao carbonato de s?dio e em 900 e 1100?C picos relacionados ao titanato de s?dio. O titanato de s?dio influenciou nas propriedades el?tricas do material, pois com o aumento da temperatura houve um decr?scimo na condutividade, provavelmente, devido ? cria??o de vac?ncias de Ti, uma vez que, o Na+ induz a redu??o dos ?ons Ti+4 para esp?cies Ti+3. Os espectros de infravermelho dos comp?sitos em formas de p? e de membrana mostraram um pequeno deslocamento nas bandas, quando comparados ao espectro do alginato de s?dio puro, indicando que estes deslocamentos, mesmo que pequenos, t?m ind?cios de miscibilidade entre o pol?mero e o material cer?mico

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DaniloCB_DISSERT.pdf: 3100682 bytes, checksum: ca6553081fbf48a3fd486b3f20d01cc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-09 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Discs were grade II cp Ti oxynitride by plasma of Ar - N2 - O2 using different proportions of individual gases. These ratios were established from analysis of optical emission spectroscopy (OES) of plasma species. The proportions that resulted in species whose spectra showed an abrupt change of light intensity were chosen for this study. Nanohardness tests revealed that there was a correlation between the intensity of N2 + species with the hardness, because the treatments where they had a higher intensity, obtained a higher value nanohardness, although the crystalline phases have remained unchanged. With respect to topography, it was observed that in general, the surface roughness is related to the intensities of plasma species, because they may have different values depending on the behavior of the species. Images obtained by optical microscopy revealed a surface with grains of different colors to optical reflectance showed a peak of reflection in the red area. Measures the contact angle and surface tension showed hydrophilic properties and hydrophilic with little variation of polar and dispersive components of surface tension / Discos de tit?nio cp grau II foram oxinitretados por plasma de Ar - N2 - O2 usando diferentes propor??es de gases individuais. Essas propor??es foram estabelecidas a partir de an?lises de espectroscopia de emiss?o ?ptica (OES) das esp?cies do plasma. As propor??es que resultaram em espectros cujas esp?cies apresentaram varia??o abrupta de intensidade luminosa foram escolhidas para o presente trabalho. Os ensaios de nanodureza revelaram que houve uma rela??o entre a intensidade da esp?cie N2 + com a dureza, pois para os tratamentos onde estas apresentaram maior intensidade, obteve-se maior valor de nanodureza, embora as fases cristalinas tenham se mantido inalteradas. Com rela??o ?s topografias, observou-se que de um modo geral, a rugosidade superficial est? relacionada com as intensidades das esp?cies do plasma, pois estas podem apresentar valores diferentes dependendo do comportamento das esp?cies. Imagens obtidas por microscopia ?ptica revelaram uma superf?cie com gr?os de diferentes cores e a reflet?ncia ?ptica mostrou um pico m?ximo de reflex?o na regi?o do vermelho. As medidas de ?ngulo de contato e tens?o mostraram superf?cies com propriedades hidrof?licas e pouco hidrof?licas com varia??o das componentes polar e dispersiva da tens?o superficial

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:07:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HaroldoRAM_TESE.pdf: 4102900 bytes, checksum: e74f8a9122bb5cd84cbeadae3a476ce1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-03 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The titanium and titanium alloys are widely used as biomaterial in biomedical device and so research have been developed aiming to improve and/or better to understand interaction biomaterial/biological environment. The process for manufacturing of this titanium implants usually involves a series of thermal and mechanical processes which have consequence on the final product. The heat treatments are usually used to obtain different properties for each application. In order to understand the influence of these treatments on the biological response of the surface, it was done, in this work, different heat treatments in titanium and analyzed their influence on the morphology, adhesion and proliferation of the pre-osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1). For such heat-treated titanium disks were characterized by optical microscopy, contact angle, surface energy, roughness, microhardness, X-ray diffraction and scanning through the techniques (BSE, EDS and EBSD). For the analysis of biological response were tested by MTT proliferation, adhesion by crystal violet and β1 integrin expression by flow cytometry. It was found that the presence of a microstructure very orderly, defined by a chemical attack, cells tend to stretch in the same direction of orientation of the material microstructure. When this order does not happen, the most important factor influencing cell proliferation is the residual stress, indicated by the hardness of the material. This way the disks with the highest level state of residual stress also showed increased cell proliferation / O tit?nio e suas ligas s?o amplamente utilizados como biomaterial em dispositivos biom?dicos e devido a isso pesquisas t?m sido desenvolvidas visando aperfei?oar e/ou compreender melhor a intera??o biomaterial/meio biol?gico. O processo de fabrica??o desses dispositivos de tit?nio geralmente envolve uma s?rie de processos t?rmicos e mec?nicos e que t?m consequ?ncias no produto final. Os tratamentos t?rmicos s?o usualmente utilizados para obten??o de propriedades diferenciadas para cada aplica??o. Com o intuito de entender a influ?ncia desses tratamentos sobre a resposta biol?gica da superf?cie, foram realizados, no presente trabalho, diferentes tratamentos t?rmicos em tit?nio e analisadas suas influ?ncias na morfologia, ades?o e prolifera??o de c?lulas pr?-osteobl?stica (MC3T3-E1). Para tanto os discos de tit?nio tratados termicamente foram caracterizados por microscopia ?tica, ?ngulo de contato, energia de superf?cie, rugosidade, microdureza Vickers, difra??o de raios-X e microscopia eletr?nica de varredura atrav?s das t?cnicas de EBS, EDS e EBSD. Para an?lise da resposta biol?gica foram realizados teste de prolifera??o por MTT, ades?o por cristal violeta e express?o da integrina β1 por citometria de fluxo. Foi verificado que na presen?a de uma microestrutura muito ordenada, definida atrav?s de um ataque qu?mico, as c?lulas tendem a se alongar no mesmo sentido da orienta??o microestrutural do material. Quando essa ordem n?o acontece, o fator mais importante a influenciar na prolifera??o celular ? a tens?o residual, indicada pela dureza do material. Deste modo os discos que apresentaram maior estado de tens?o residual apresentaram tamb?m maior prolifera??o celular

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:03:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JanaDFQ_DISSERT.pdf: 1850683 bytes, checksum: e5171a51c7f0d0df9cc94a873195a0f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-29 / Commercially pure Titanium (cp Ti) is a material largely used in orthopedic and dental implants due to its biocompatibility properties. Changes in the surface of cp Ti can determine the functional response of the cells such as facilitating implant fixation and stabilization, and increased roughness of the surface has been shown to improve adhesion and cellular proliferation. Various surface modification methods have been developed to increase roughness, such as mechanical, chemical, electrochemical and plasma treatment. An argon plasma treatment generates a surface that has good mechanical proprieties without chemical composition modification. Besides the topography, biological responses to the implant contribute significantly to its success. Oxidative stress induced by the biomaterials is considered one of the major causes of implant failure. For this reason the oxidative potential of titanium surfaces subjected to plasma treatment was evaluated on this work. CHO-k1 cells were cultivated on smooth or roughed Ti disks, and after three days, the redox balance was investigated measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, total antioxidant capacity and biomarkers of ROS attack. The results showed cells grown on titanium surfaces are subjected to intracellular oxidative stress due to hydrogen peroxide generation. Titanium discs subjected to the plasma treatment induced less oxidative stress than the untreated ones, which resulted in improved cellular ability. Our data suggest that plasma treated titanium may be a more biocompatible biomaterial. / O Tit?nio comercialmente puro (cpTi) ? amplamente utilizado em implantes ortop?dicos e dentais gra?as ?s suas propriedades f?sico-qu?micas. Mudan?as na superf?cie do cpTi podem determinar respostas funcionais nas c?lulas influenciando a fixa??o e estabiliza??o do implante. Muitos m?todos de modifica??o na superf?cie podem ser aplicados para aumentar a rugosidade como, por exemplo, tratamentos mec?nicos, qu?micos, eletroqu?micos e a plasma. Este ?ltimo, quando realizado em atmosfera de arg?nio gera uma superf?cie rugosa com boas propriedades mec?nicas sem alterar a composi??o qu?mica do material. Superf?cies rugosas geralmente s?o mais biocompat?veis que as lisas, pois esse tipo de topografia facilita os processos de ades?o e prolifera??o celular. Al?m da topografia, as rea??es biol?gicas desencadeadas em resposta ao implante contribuem de forma significativa para o sucesso do mesmo. Dentre estas rea??es, o estresse oxidativo tem sido apontado como um dos principais respons?veis por falhas na implanta??o. Diante do exposto, o potencial oxidativo das superf?cies de tit?nio tratadas e n?o tratadas a plasma em atmosfera de arg?nio foi avaliado neste trabalho. Para tanto, c?lulas CHOk1 foram cultivadas sobre as superf?cies de tit?nio (tratadas e n?o tratadas). Ap?s tr?s dias de cultivo o potencial oxidativo foi investigado por meio da quantifica??o de esp?cies reativas, an?lise da capacidade antioxidante e an?lise de biomarcadores de dano oxidativo (lipoperoxida??o, carbonila??o prot?ica e oxida??o das bases do DNA). Os resultados obtidos indicam que ambas as superf?cies de tit?nio induzem estresse oxidativo, sendo o per?xido de hidrog?nio a principal esp?cie envolvida. O tratamento a plasma reduziu os danos oxidativos e promoveu melhora na habilidade celular em responder ao estresse oxidativo. Deste modo, a modifica??o da superf?cie de tit?nio atrav?s do tratamento a plasma pode ser uma alternativa para a obten??o de um material com melhor biocompatibilidade. / 2020-01-01

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-10T21:07:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BrennoHenriqueSilvaFelipe_DISSERT.pdf: 3323797 bytes, checksum: c0441882551b254732cc3dec33b910be (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-12T22:52:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 BrennoHenriqueSilvaFelipe_DISSERT.pdf: 3323797 bytes, checksum: c0441882551b254732cc3dec33b910be (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-12T22:52:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrennoHenriqueSilvaFelipe_DISSERT.pdf: 3323797 bytes, checksum: c0441882551b254732cc3dec33b910be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-19 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O presente projeto visa a s?ntese e caracteriza??o de um nanorevestimento de di?xido de tit?nio dopado com prata em tecido de poli?ster arom?tico, a fim de desenvolver um material t?xtil funcional com aplica??oself-cleaning. Uma t?cnica de deposi??o f?sica de vapor (PVD) foi utilizada como m?todo de s?ntese. A sele??o do material suporte e a t?cnica utilizada na obten??o dos nanorevestimentos s?o vari?veis que podem influenciar nas suas propriedades funcionais, homogeneidade e ades?o. As fibras t?xteis s?o materiais muito empregados como substrato por possu?rem uma maior flexibilidade, serem facilmente adapt?veis a qualquer geometria e baixo custo. A presen?a de Ag e TiO2, bem como sua cristalinidade, foi comprovada atrav?s das an?lises de difra??o de raios X (DRX), espectroscopia fotoeletr?nica de raios-X (XPS) e fluoresc?ncia de raios-x (FRX). A morfologia de superf?cie foi avaliada atrav?s das t?cnicas de microscopia de for?a at?mica (AFM) e microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV). A efici?ncia da atividade fotocatal?tica do material foi comprovada pela descolora??o do corante acid blue 113 em meio a fontes de radia??o UV, com uso da t?cnica de espectroscopia de absor??o (96%). A degrada??o da mol?cula do corante acid blue 113 foi confirmada atrav?s da t?cnica de espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR). O car?ter hidrof?bico do nanorevestimento foi confirmado atrav?s da t?cnica de medida de ?ngulo de contato. O car?ter anti UV foi confirmado foi confirmado de acordo com a metodologia normativa AS/NZS 4399:1996. Os resultados comprovam que o material desenvolvido apresenta uma alta capacidade autolimpante, bem como protetora UV. / Innovative methods in the textile segment is currently responsible for increase in production processes, development of new materials and add new technologies in an area that was one of the major participants in the industry revolution. Thus, much research has been responsible for putting the textile industry in the new era of technological revolution watching so, the dynamism of microelectronics companies, food, and mechanics, among others. To this end, this PhD project aims to add value research involving new textile materials. Thus, this project aims to make the synthesis and characterization of a silver doped titanium dioxide nanocoating on polyester fabric in order to develop a functional textile material with self-cleaning application. A physical vapor deposition technique (PVD) was used as the method of synthesis. The selection of the support material and the technique used in obtaining the nanocoatings are variables that can influence their functional properties, uniformity and adhesion. The textile fibers are materials used as substrate by having greater flexibility to be easily adaptable to any geometry and low cost. The efficiency of the photocatalytic activity of the material was confirmed by discoloration of the dye Acid Blue 113 through UV radiation sources, using absorption spectroscopy (96%). The presence of Ag and TiO2 was confirmed by analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) photoelectron spectroscopy X-ray (XPS) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF). The surface morphology was evaluated through the techniques of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Degradation of Acid Blue 113 dye molecule was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy Fourier transform (FTIR). The hydrophobic character of nanocoating was confirmed by contact angle measurement technique. The results show that the developed material has a high capacity self-cleaning pro perties

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:18:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DeniseMD.pdf: 54846 bytes, checksum: 61beb5b55055ae5d403c739177202529 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known as a population of multi-potential cells able to proliferate and differentiate into multiple mesodermal tissues including bone, cartilage, muscle, ligament, tendon, fat and stroma. Several applications of the study of EC can be emphasized the therapeutic techniques such as guided bone regeneration by implantation of EC in the affected site, without the need for bone grafts, using titanium as a vehicle. The process of cryopreservation is essential for the maintenance of cell cultures, since the cell line is frozen, it can be maintained in liquid nitrogen for an indefinite period and then thawed for therapeutic or experimental purposes. The aim of this study was to isolate a population of MSCs derived from the subendothelium of the umbilical vein human (MSCs-SUVH) to assess cytogenetic analysis by the possibility of appearance of chromosomal changes in two different situations: MSCs-SUVH regarding the process of cryopreservation and MSCs-SUVH grown on the surface of titanium. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that, this cell population was positive for the markers CD29, CD73 and CD90, but there was no expression of hematopoietic lineage markers, such as CD14, CD34 and CD45 and demonstrated capacity for osteogenic differentiation. The chromosomes obtained from the primary culture of MSCs-SUVH were analyzed by GTW banding technique, and results are described as guidelines to ISCN 2005. There was not the emergence of clonal chromosomal changes in the MSCs-SUVH in different situations analyzed. However one of the strings presented a balanced paracentric inversion, probably a cytogenetic constitutional alterations, which was present before and after the experimental situations that the MSCs-SUVH was submitted / C?lulas-tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) s?o conhecidas como uma popula??o de c?lulas capazes de se proliferar e diferenciar em m?ltiplos tecidos de origem mesod?rmico incluindo osso, cartilagem, m?sculo, ligamento, tend?o, gordura e estroma. Das diversas aplica??es do estudo das CTMs podem-se ressaltar as t?cnicas terap?uticas como a regenera??o ?ssea guiada atrav?s da implanta??o de CTMs no local afetado, sem a necessidade de enxertos ?sseos, usando o tit?nio como ve?culo. O processo de criopreserva??o ? essencial para a manuten??o de cultivos celulares, uma vez que a linhagem celular ? congelada, a mesma pode ser mantida em nitrog?nio l?quido por tempo indeterminado e depois descongelado para fins experimentais ou terap?uticos. Deste modo, o objetivo desse trabalho foi isolar uma popula??o de c?lulas-tronco mesenquimais derivadas do subendot?lio da veia umbilical humana (CTMs-SVUH) para avaliar atrav?s da an?lise citogen?tica a possibilidade de surgimento de altera??es cromoss?micas em duas diferentes situa??es: CTMs-SVUH frente ao processo de criopreserva??o e CTMs-SVUH cultivadas sobre a superf?cie de tit?nio. An?lise por citometria de fluxo revelou que, esta popula??o celular foi positiva para os marcadores CD29, CD73 e CD90, mas foram negativas para marcadores de linhagem hematopoi?tico como, CD14, CD34 e CD45 e demonstraram capacidade de diferencia??o osteog?nica. Os cromossomos obtidos a partir da cultura prim?ria de CTMs-SVUH foram analisados atrav?s da t?cnica de bandeamento GTW, e os resultados descritos conforme orienta??es do ISCN 2005. N?o houve o aparecimento de altera??es cromoss?micas clonais nas CTMs-SVUH nas diferentes situa??es analisadas. Entretanto um dos cord?es apresentou uma invers?o parac?ntrica balanceada, provavelmente uma altera??o citogen?tica constitucional, que esteve presente antes e depois das situa??es experimentais a que as CTM-SVUH foram submetidas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:30:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaBA.pdf: 299762 bytes, checksum: b2ed4a69274795e7585d8ffaeab0f96d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-19 / The present experiment used cell culture to analyze the adhesion capacity of mouse mesenchymal bone marrow cells and rat periodontal ligament to different titanium surfaces. Grade II ASTM F86 titanium discs 15mm in diameter and 1.5mm thick were used and received 2 distinct surface treatments (polished and cathodic cage plasma nitriding). The cells were isolated from the mouse bone marrow and rat periodontal ligament and cultured in α-MEM basic culture medium containing antibiotics and supplemented with 10% FBS and 5% CO2, for 72 hours at 37?C in a humidified atmosphere. Subculture cells were cultured in a 24-well plate with a density of 1 x 104 cells per well. The titanium discs were distributed in accordance with the groups, including positive controls without titanium discs. After a 24-hour culture, the cells were counted in a Neubauer chamber. The results show that both the mouse mesenchymal bone marrow cells and rat periodontal ligament cells had better adhesion to the control surface. The number of bone marrow cells adhered to the polished Ti surface was not statistically significant when compared to the same type of cell adhered to the Ti surface treated by cathodic cage plasma nitriding. However a significant difference was found between the control and polished Ti groups. In relation to periodontal ligament cell adhesion, a significant difference was only found between the control and plasma-treated Ti surfaces. When comparing equal surfaces with different cells, no statistically significant difference was observed. We can therefore conclude that titanium is a good material for mesenchymal cell adhesion and that different material surface treatments can influence this process / O presente trabalho utilizou a cultura celular para analisar a capacidade de ades?o de c?lulas mesenquimais da medula ?ssea de camundongos e do ligamento periodontal de ratos a diferentes superf?cies de tit?nio. Para tanto, foram utilizados discos de tit?nio grau II ASTM F86 nas dimens?es de 15mm de di?metro por 1,5mm de espessura, os quais receberam diferentes tratamentos de superf?cie em 2 grupos distintos (polido e nitreta??o a plasma por gaiola cat?dica). As c?lulas foram isoladas da medula ?ssea de camundongos e do ligamento periodontal de ratos e cultivadas em meio de cultura meio b?sico α-MEM contendo antibi?ticos e suplementado com 10% de FBS, por 72 horas, em atmosfera ?mida com 5% de CO2 a 37?C. No subcultivo as c?lulas foram cultivadas em 1 placa de 24 po?os, na densidade de 1 x 104 c?lulas por po?o, onde os discos de tit?nio foram distribu?dos de acordo com os grupos, incluindo-se controles positivos sem os discos de tit?nio. Ap?s 24 horas de cultivo, as c?lulas foram submetidas a contagem em c?mara de Neubauer. Os resultados analisados mostraram que tanto as c?lulas mesenquimais da medula ?ssea de camundongos como as c?lulas do ligamento periodontal de ratos tiveram melhor ades?o ? superf?cie controle. O n?mero de c?lulas da medula ?ssea aderidas a superf?cie de Ti polido n?o foi estatisticamente significante quando comparado ao mesmo tipo celular aderido ? superf?cie de Ti tratada por plasma na configura??o de gaiola cat?dica, entretanto diferen?a significante foi encontrada entre o grupo controle e o grupo Ti polido. Com rela??o ? ades?o das c?lulas do ligamento periodontal, diferen?a significativa foi encontrada apenas entre as superf?cies controle e as superf?cies de Ti tratadas por plasma. No que diz respeito ?s compara??es entre superf?cies iguais com c?lulas diferentes, n?o foi observada nenhuma diferen?a estatisticamente significante. Portanto, conclui-se que o tit?nio ? um bom biomaterial para a ades?o de c?lulas mesenquimais e que as diferentes formas de tratamento de superf?cie dada ao material podem influenciar neste processo

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:30:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RodrigoAR_DISSERT.pdf: 1824764 bytes, checksum: fbfdfd8c2f743e113f6663106fda888b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-04 / In the last years, many scientific researches in implantology have been focused on alternatives that would provide higher speed and quality in the process of osseointegration. Different treatment methods can be used to modify the topographic and chemical properties of titanium surface in order to optimize the tissue-implant reactions by a positive tissue response. This study aimed to evaluate the adhesion and proliferation of mesenchymal cells from human periodontal ligament on two different titanium surfaces, using cell culture techniques. Grade II titanium discs received different surface treatments, forming two distinct groups: polished and cathodic cage plasma nitriding. Human periodontal ligament mesenchymal cells were cultured on titanium discs in 24-well cell culture plates, at a density of 2 x 104 cells per well, including wells with no discs as positive control. Data obtained by counting the cells that adhered to the titanium surfaces (polished group and cathodic cage group) and to the plastic surface (control group), in the 24, 48 and 72-hour periods after plating, were used to analyze cell adhesion and proliferation and to obtain the cell growing curve in the different groups. The data were submitted to nonparametric analysis and the differences between groups were compared by Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman statistical tests. No statistically significant differences were found in the cells counts between the groups (p>0.05). It was concluded that both treatments produced surfaces compatible with the adhesion and proliferation of human periodontal ligament mesenchymal cells / Nos ?ltimos anos, v?rias pesquisas cient?ficas em Implantodontia t?m buscado alternativas que proporcionem maior rapidez e qualidade no processo de osseointegra??o. Diferentes m?todos de tratamento podem ser utilizados para modificar as propriedades topogr?ficas e qu?micas da sua superf?cie do tit?nio, a fim de otimizar as rea??es tecido-implante atrav?s de uma resposta tecidual favor?vel. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a ades?o e prolifera??o de c?lulas mesenquimais de ligamento periodontal humano a diferentes superf?cies de tit?nio, atrav?s de t?cnicas de cultivo celular. Discos de tit?nio grau II receberam diferentes tratamentos de superf?cie, constituindo dois grupos distintos: polido e nitretado a plasma na configura??o de gaiola cat?dica. C?lulas mesenquimais obtidas do ligamento periodontal de dentes humanos h?gidos foram cultivadas sobre os discos de tit?nio em placas de cultivo de 24 po?os, na densidade de 2 x 104 c?lulas/po?o, incluindo po?os sem discos como controle positivo. Os dados obtidos das contagens das c?lulas aderidas ?s superf?cies de tit?nio (grupo polido e grupo gaiola cat?dica) e ? superf?cie pl?stica (grupo controle), nos intervalos de 24, 48 e 72 horas ap?s o plaqueamento, foram utilizados para analisar a ades?o e prolifera??o celular e obter a curva de crescimento celular nos diferentes grupos. Os dados foram submetidos a an?lises n?o param?tricas e as diferen?as entre os grupos foram comparadas pelos testes estat?sticos Kruskal-Wallis e Friedman. N?o foram encontradas diferen?as estat?sticas significativas nas contagens celulares entre os grupos estudados (p>0,05). Conclui-se que ambos os tratamentos produziram superf?cies compat?veis com ades?o e prolifera??o de c?lulas mesenquimais do ligamento periodontal humano

Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-09T17:05:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANGELA_MELLO_VIEIRA_DIS.pdf: 2509683 bytes, checksum: 029b2e55766a406fa01c070281169016 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-14T12:03:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANGELA_MELLO_VIEIRA_DIS.pdf: 2509683 bytes, checksum: 029b2e55766a406fa01c070281169016 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-14T12:12:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANGELA_MELLO_VIEIRA_DIS.pdf: 2509683 bytes, checksum: 029b2e55766a406fa01c070281169016 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Introduction: The fracture of nickel titanium endodontic instruments may have a negative impact on the prognosis of the treatment, mainly because it blocks or prevents access to the root canal system in all its extension, compromising its modeling and sanification. Results from in vitro studies suggest that reciprocating motion can reduce the risks of torsion fracture and cyclic fatigue of NiTi instruments, compared to the continuous rotation movement. However, most of the studies that evaluate fracture resistance of instruments in reciprocating and rotational motion are in vitro studies, the generation of evidence of which is limited in comparison to the level of evidence generated by clinical studies in humans. Therefore, the present systematic review investigated whether the available evidence supports the hypothesis that reciprocating motion results in a lower clinical incidence of NiTi limb fracture as compared to rotational kinematics. Methodology: The PubMed, Embase, Isi Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched until August 2017, without language restriction. In addition to the electronic searches, manual searches were made for additional references in specific chapters of relevant books in the area and also search in the gray literature. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers independently assessed the quality of each study based on the NewCastle Ottawa scale. The main exposure variable was the type of kinematics used to prepare the root canal (continuous or reciprocating) and the primary outcome variable was determined by the incidence of fracture of NiTi instruments in endodontic treatments. The incidence of fracture was recorded, having as unit of analysis: patients, teeth, instruments or channels. Other confounding variables collected included: country, year of publication, study design, type of system, group of teeth, number of sessions, operator and number of uses of NiTi instruments. The sources of heterogeneity were explored and the bi and multivariate meta logistic regression were performed to calculate the pooled estimates - odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI - for the incidence of instrument fracture, assessing the role of primary exposure and co- as moderators of the outcome. Results: Among the 737 articles initially identified, after the duplicates were removed, 39 comprised the final quantitative analysis, of which 32 reported the use of continuous rotation and 7 the use of reciprocating kinematics. Thirty-seven studies were included in the meta regression (N = 48,405 instruments). The aggregate clinical incidence of fracture of NiTi files was 2.43%, being 2.62% for continuous rotational movement and 0.4% for reciprocating kinematics. In the bivariate analysis, continuous rotational motion showed a greater incidence of fracture in relation to the reciprocating kinematics (OR = 6.39, 95% CI = 1.10-36.9), and the other associated covariates (p <0.05) with the incidence of fracture were: year of publication, operator and number of uses of the instruments. The multivariate models revealed that the number of uses of NiTi files in> 1 tooth (OR = 6.46, 95% CI = 1.42-29.3) and that general clinical operators (OR = 11.8, 95% CI = 1.49-93.5) were independently associated with a higher incidence of fracture of NiTi files, whereas kinematics was non-significant (OR = 1.56, 95% CI= 0.24-10, 0) after the settings. Conclusions: Available evidence from observational studies is limited but consistent, suggesting that reciprocating kinematics is associated with a lower incidence of fracture of NiTi files when compared to continuous rotation. In addition, the results revealed that other related clinical factors to the abilities of the operator,to the number of uses of the NiTi instruments, and to the advances in alloy composition as well as in the design of the files, have proved to be more relevant factors for fracture prevention than the type of kinematics employed. / Introdu??o: A fratura de instrumentos endod?nticos de n?quel tit?nio pode ter um impacto negativo no progn?stico do tratamento, sobretudo por bloquear ou impedir o acesso ao sistema de canais radiculares em toda sua extens?o, comprometendo a sua modelagem e sanifica??o. Resultados de estudos in vitro sugerem que o movimento reciprocante pode reduzir os riscos de fratura por tors?o e fadiga c?clica dos instrumentos de NiTi, comparado ao movimento de rota??o cont?nua. Ainda assim, a maioria dos estudos que avaliam a resist?ncia ? fratura de instrumentos no movimento reciprocante e rotat?rio s?o estudos in vitro, cuja gera??o de evid?ncias ? limitada em compara??o ao n?vel de evid?ncia gerada por estudos cl?nicos em humanos. Portanto, a presente revis?o sistem?tica investigou se a evid?ncia dispon?vel suporta a hip?tese de que o movimento reciprocante resulta em uma menor incid?ncia cl?nica de fratura de limas de NiTi, em compara??o com a cinem?tica rotat?ria. Metodologia: Foram pesquisadas as bases de dados PubMed, Embase, Isi Web of Science e Cochrane Library at? agosto de 2017, sem restri??o de idiomas. Al?m das buscas eletr?nicas foram realizadas buscas manuais por refer?ncias adicionais em cap?tulos espec?ficos de livros relevantes na ?rea e tamb?m busca na literatura cinza. Com base nos crit?rios de inclus?o e exclus?o, dois revisores avaliaram independentemente a qualidade de cada estudo com base na escala de NewCastle Ottawa. A principal vari?vel de exposi??o foi o tipo de cinem?tica empregada para o preparo do canal radicular (rotat?ria cont?nua ou reciprocante) e a vari?vel de desfecho prim?rio foi determinada pela incid?ncia de fratura de instrumentos de NiTi em tratamentos endod?nticos. A incid?ncia de fratura foi registrada, tendo como unidade de an?lise: pacientes, dentes, instrumentos ou canais. Outras vari?veis de confundimento coletadas incluiram: pa?s, ano de publica??o, desenho do estudo, tipo de sistema, grupo de dentes, n?mero de sess?es, operador e n?mero de usos dos instrumentos de NiTi. As fontes de heterogeneidade foram exploradas e a meta regress?o log?stica bi e multivariada foram realizadas para calcular as estimativas agrupadas ? odds ratios (OR) e 95%IC ? para a incid?ncia de fratura de instrumentos, avaliando o papel da exposi??o principal e das co-vari?veis, como moderadores do desfecho. Resultados: Entre os 737 artigos inicialmente identificados, ap?s remo??o das duplicatas, 39 compuseram a an?lise quantitativa final, dos quais 32 reportavam o uso de rota??o cont?nua e 7 o uso de cinem?tica reciprocante. Trinta e sete estudos foram inclu?dos na meta regress?o (N=48.405 instrumentos). A incid?ncia cl?nica agregada de fratura de limas de NiTi foi de 2,43%, sendo de 2,62% para o movimento rotat?rio cont?nuo e de 0,4% para a cinem?tica reciprocante. Na an?lise bivariada, o movimento rotat?rio cont?nuo demonstrou uma incid?ncia maior de fratura em rela??o ? cinem?tica reciprocante (OR=6,39, IC95%=1,10- 36,9), e as outras covari?veis associadas (p<0,05) com a incid?ncia de fratura foram: ano de publica??o, operador e n?mero de usos dos instrumentos. Os modelos multivariados revelaram que o n?mero de usos de limas de NiTi em >1 dente (OR=6,46, IC95%=1,42-29,3) e que operadores cl?nicos gerais (OR=11,8, IC95%=1,49-93,5) foram associados de modo independente com uma maior incid?ncia de fratura de limas de NiTi, enquanto que a cinem?tica demonstrou-se n?o-significante (OR=1,56, IC95%=0,24-10,0) ap?s os ajustes. Conclus?es: A evid?ncia dispon?vel, oriunda de estudos observacionais, ? limitada por?m consistente, sugerindo que a cinem?tica reciprocante est? associada com uma menor incid?ncia de fratura de limas de NiTi, quando comparada ao movimento de rota??o cont?nua. Al?m disso, os resultados revelaram que outros fatores cl?nicos relacionados ?s habilidades do operador, ao n?mero de usos dos instrumentos de NiTi, e aos avan?os na composi??o das ligas bem como no desenho das limas, demonstraram ser fatores mais relevantes para a preven??o da fratura do que o tipo de cinem?tica empregada.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:30:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 435511.pdf: 4163986 bytes, checksum: 37629882e85d83ed66d26ed9bed14b82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-26 / In order to accelerate and improve the quality of the osseointegration process has recently been given emphasis to growth factors. Thus, this thesis was aimed to evaluate the use of growth hormone (GH) on osseointegration of titanium implants. This thesis is composed of two papers, the first chapter is a review of literature on the use of growth factors, and, in particular GH in the process of bone repair. The second chapter is an experimental study to evaluate the topical use of rhGH in the osseointegration of nanotexturized titanium implants inserted in the tibia of rabbits. We used 14 animals randomly divided into rhGH-treated group and control group. In the rhGH-treated group was administered 1 IU of rhGH in surgical defect immediately before the placement of each implant. In the control group was not used rhGH. Each animal received two implants in the left tibia. The animals were sacrificed at 14 and 42 days after surgery. The peri-implant regions were avaluated by transmission and reflection on optical microscopy (OM), to pull out biomechanical testing of implants and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In all analyzes the rhGH-treated groups showed better performance than the control groups, especially at 14 days. MO at 14 days in the rhGH-treated group have histological characteristics of proliferative repair phase with new bone formation and also marked cortical reaction from the endosteum and periosteum and at 42 days, the bone tissue has a lamellar appearance. The control group at 14 days also has characteristics of the inflammatory and moderate proliferative new bone formation, and with 42 days the new bone does not have lamellar characteristics. In the pull-out testing of the rhGH-treated group showed tension of 59.26N/cm2 and 29.69 N/cm2 at 14 and 42 days respectively. The control group showed tension of 33.88 N/cm2 and 25.99 N/cm2 respectively. The implants analyzed in the SEM showed in the rhGH-treated group at 14 days greater amount of bone attached, but at 42 days there were no differences between groups. The findings in this experiment corroborate the literature, which observed that rhGH increases the speed and amount of newly peri-implanted bone, especially in the early stages of bone repair. Thus, this thesis concludes that topical application of rhGH in the region peri-implant area induces new bone formation. / Com o intuito de acelerar e melhorar a qualidade do processo de osseointegra??o, recentemente tem sido dado ?nfase aos fatores de crescimento. Logo, foi objetivo dessa Tese avaliar o emprego do horm?nio do crescimento (GH) na osseointegra??o de implantes de tit?nio. Esse trabalho ? composto de dois artigos, o primeiro artigo ? uma revis?o de literatura sobre o emprego dos fatores de crescimento, e, em especial o GH, no processo de reparo do tecido ?sseo. O segundo artigo ? um estudo experimental no qual se avaliou o uso t?pico do rhGH no processo de osseointegra??o de implantes de tit?nio nanotexturizados inseridos na t?bia de coelhos. Foram utilizados 14 animais divididos aleatoriamente em grupo teste e controle. No grupo teste foi aplicado 1 IU de rhGH no defeito cir?rgico imediatamente antes da coloca??o de cada implante. No grupo controle n?o foi aplicado o rhGH. Cada animal recebeu 2 implantes na t?bia esquerda. Os animais foram sacrificados em 14 e 42 dias depois da cirurgia. As regi?es periimplantares foram submetidas ? microscopia ?ptica (MO) de transmiss?o e de reflex?o, e os implantes ao ensaio biomec?nico de pull out e a microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV). Em todas as an?lises realizadas o grupo teste apresentou desempenho superior ao controle, principalmente aos 14 dias. Na MO aos 14 dias o grupo teste possu?a caracter?sticas histol?gicas da fase proliferativa do reparo com acentuada neoforma??o ?ssea e tamb?m a forma??o de uma esp?cie de calo ?sseo sobre a cortical ?ssea externa, e aos 42 dias o tecido ?sseo possu?a aspecto lamelar. O grupo controle aos 14 dias possu?a ainda caracter?sticas da fase inflamat?ria e proliferativa com moderada neoforma??o ?ssea, e aos 42 dias o tecido ?sseo neoformado ainda n?o possu?a caracter?sticas lamelares. No ensaio de pull-out o grupo teste apresentou tens?o de 59,26 N/cm2 e 29,69 N/cm2 aos 14 e 42 dias respectivamente, enquanto o grupo controle apresentou tens?o de 33,88 N/cm2 e 25,99 N/cm2 aos 14 e 42 dias, respectivamente. Os implantes analisados no MEV demonstraram no grupo teste aos 14 dias maior quantidade de tecido ?sseo aderido, por?m aos 42 dias n?o se observaram diferen?as entre os grupos. Os achados no experimento corroboram com a literatura, em que se observa que o rhGH aumenta a velocidade e quantidade de osso periimplantar neoformado, principalmente em est?gios iniciais do reparo ?sseo. Com base na revis?o de literatura pesquisada e com os resultados do presente experimento, conclue-se que a aplica??o t?pica de rhGH na regi?o periimplantar acelera o processo de neoforma??o ?ssea. O grupo controle aos 14 dias possu?a ainda caracter?sticas da fase inflamat?ria e proliferativa com moderada neoforma??o ?ssea, e aos 42 dias o tecido ?sseo neoformado ainda n?o possu?a caracter?sticas lamelares. No ensaio de pull-out o grupo teste apresentou tens?o de 59,26 N/cm2 e 29,69 N/cm2 aos 14 e 42 dias respectivamente, enquanto o grupo controle apresentou tens?o de 33,88 N/cm2 e 25,99 N/cm2 aos 14 e 42 dias, respectivamente. Os implantes analisados no MEV demonstraram no grupo teste aos 14 dias maior quantidade de tecido ?sseo aderido, por?m aos 42 dias n?o se observaram diferen?as entre os grupos. Os achados no experimento corroboram com a literatura, em que se observa que o rhGH aumenta a velocidade e quantidade de osso periimplantar neoformado, principalmente em est?gios iniciais do reparo ?sseo. Com base na revis?o de literatura pesquisada e com os resultados do presente experimento, conclue-se que a aplica??o t?pica de rhGH na regi?o periimplantar acelera o processo de neoforma??o ?ssea.