Tropical forests play a major role in global carbon (C) dynamics and maintain some of the highest biological complexity on Earth; however, little is known about how variation in wood chemical traits contributes to tropical forest structure and function. This research examines inter- and intraspecific patterns in wood chemical traits in order to understand 1) the role wood chemical traits play in tropical forest C dynamics, and 2) the adaptive significance of wood chemical traits in tropical trees. I found wood C concentration varies widely among co-occurring tropical tree species, with average C concentration (47.4 ± 0.33% w/w (S.E.)) being significantly lower than values assumed in prominent forest C accounting protocols. Failing to account for this variation leads to overestimates of ~3.3 – 5.3% in tropical forest C accounting, an error that compounds significantly at larger spatial scales. I also show that oven drying samples prior to elemental analysis underestimates wood C concentration by 2.5 ± 0.17%, due to the loss of the “volatile C fraction”. Counter to expectations, I found wood C concentration is not ii phylogenetically conserved nor correlated to species demography or life history traits. Wood chemical traits showed consistent size-dependent patterns: wood C (in 16 of 24 species) and lignin (in 15 of 16 species) was higher in saplings vs. conspecific canopy trees. These patterns, complimented by phylogenetic analyses, suggest saplings require wood chemical traits that confer greater pathogen defense. When analyzed across a continuous size spectrum, I found wood C concentration (and leaf structural traits) increases linearly, while wood starch concentration (and leaf traits associated with C gain) shows “hump-shaped” patterns with peak values closely preceding reproductive onset; the latter result suggests C may limit growth in larger trees. Overall, my dissertation provides one of the first comprehensive examinations of wood chemical trait variation in tropical trees. In doing so it provides novel, timely, and critical insights into how wood chemical traits contribute to tropical forest structure and function.

Tropical forests play a major role in global carbon (C) dynamics and maintain some of the highest biological complexity on Earth; however, little is known about how variation in wood chemical traits contributes to tropical forest structure and function. This research examines inter- and intraspecific patterns in wood chemical traits in order to understand 1) the role wood chemical traits play in tropical forest C dynamics, and 2) the adaptive significance of wood chemical traits in tropical trees. I found wood C concentration varies widely among co-occurring tropical tree species, with average C concentration (47.4 ± 0.33% w/w (S.E.)) being significantly lower than values assumed in prominent forest C accounting protocols. Failing to account for this variation leads to overestimates of ~3.3 – 5.3% in tropical forest C accounting, an error that compounds significantly at larger spatial scales. I also show that oven drying samples prior to elemental analysis underestimates wood C concentration by 2.5 ± 0.17%, due to the loss of the “volatile C fraction”. Counter to expectations, I found wood C concentration is not ii phylogenetically conserved nor correlated to species demography or life history traits. Wood chemical traits showed consistent size-dependent patterns: wood C (in 16 of 24 species) and lignin (in 15 of 16 species) was higher in saplings vs. conspecific canopy trees. These patterns, complimented by phylogenetic analyses, suggest saplings require wood chemical traits that confer greater pathogen defense. When analyzed across a continuous size spectrum, I found wood C concentration (and leaf structural traits) increases linearly, while wood starch concentration (and leaf traits associated with C gain) shows “hump-shaped” patterns with peak values closely preceding reproductive onset; the latter result suggests C may limit growth in larger trees. Overall, my dissertation provides one of the first comprehensive examinations of wood chemical trait variation in tropical trees. In doing so it provides novel, timely, and critical insights into how wood chemical traits contribute to tropical forest structure and function.

Midlevel clouds are observed globally and impact the general circulation through their influence on the radiation budget and their precipitation production. However, because midlevel clouds occur less frequently than high and low clouds they are relatively understudied. Satellite observations from the MODIS, CALIPSO, and CloudSat instruments onboard the A-Train are combined to study midlevel cloud characteristics in the Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) between January 2007 and December 2010. Characteristic cloud and microphysical properties including cloud top height (CTH), geometric thickness, optical depth, effective radius, and liquid or ice water path (LWP or IWP), and environmental properties, including temperature and specific humidity profiles, are determined for precipitating and non-precipitating midlevel clouds. In the study region, approximately 14% of all cloudy scenes are classified as midlevel clouds (4 km < CTH < 8 km). These are concentrated in areas of deeper convection associated with the Pacific warm pool, ITCZ, and SPCZ. Non-precipitating clouds dominate the region, accounting for approximately 70% of all single and two-layer midlevel clouds scenes. Midlevel clouds occur most frequently in three different scenarios: high over midlevel clouds (~65%), single-layer (~25%), and midlevel over mid- or low-level clouds (~10%). Environmental moisture appears to play a larger role than temperature in determining midlevel cloud distributions due to large variations in moisture between the different cloud scenarios. In all scenes, a trimodal distribution in CTH frequency is found within the midlevel. Two of these peaks have been identified in previous studies; however a third midlevel mode is recognized here. CTHs occur most frequently in peaks between 5-6 km, 6-6.25 km, and 6.5-7.5 km. Although the past studies have only noted two midlevel peaks, this third mode is a robust feature in this dataset. Two types of clouds dominate these peaks: non-precipitating altostratus or altocumulus-like clouds less than 1 km thick and geometrically thick precipitating cumulus congestus clouds. Environmental temperature stable layers and dry maxima are found at each one of these peak frequency heights. Again, moisture seems to play a more dominant role in determining the height of the midlevel clouds due to larger variances between the moisture gradients associated with each peak. Microphysical properties (optical depth, effective radius, and LWP or IWP) are characterized for single-layer clouds. Approximately 30% of all single-layer midlevel clouds are precipitating and these clouds tend to occur on the edges of the deep tropics. In general, precipitating clouds have greater optical depths, effective radii, and water path. This research implies that some past studies at single point locations can be representative of the broader tropics, whereas others are not.

No description available.

Abrupt, millennial-scale climate oscillations, known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) cycles, characterized the climate system during the last ice age. Proxy evidence suggests these climate oscillations resulted in global-scale reorganizations in the hydrological cycle. For this study, Mg/Ca-paleothermometry and stable isotope measurements were combined on the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber (white variety) from Florida Straits sediment core KNR166-2 JPC26 (24*19.61'N, 83*15.14'W; 546 m depth) to reconstruct a high-resolution record of sea surface temperature and delta18OSW (a proxy for upper water column salinity) during Marine Isotope Stages 2 and 3 from 20-35.45 ka BP. As additional proxies for upper water column salinity change, Ba/Ca ratios in G. ruber were also measured to determine the relative contribution of local riverine input on the delta18OSW record and a faunal abundance count record of the planktonic foraminifera N. dutertrei abundance was developed. These results show that rapid upper water column salinity changes occurred across D-O events in the Florida Straits, coeval with climate change in the high-latitude North Atlantic. Furthermore, the G. ruber Ba/Ca record suggests that riverine-derived meltwater from the Gulf of Mexico did not significantly impact surface salinity in the Florida current, calling into question the role of Mississippi River discharge on Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) during MIS 2 and 3. Instead, the most likely cause of MIS 2 and 3 salinity changes in the Florida Straits were variations in the strength and position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Finally, the timing of surface salinity change was compared with the benthic delta18OC record from the same core. A recent study showed that benthic delta18OC changes on the Florida Margin can be combined with contemporaneous records from the Bahamas Margin to reconstruct Florida Current transport related to AMOC variability. These results show that atmospheric circulation changes lead AMOC changes on the transition out of cold stadial events, suggesting the trigger for these abrupt climate events may reside in the tropics rather than in the high-latitude North Atlantic as previously thought.

O presente trabalho visa contribuir para a valorização e conservação dos cursos dágua e biodiversidade em área de Mata Atlântica no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, através da caracterização ambiental preliminar do sistema rio - estuário Córrego Andorinhas, localizado no Parque Estadual da Ilha Grande (RJ), utilizando indicadores abióticos e bióticos. As amostragens ocorreram de 20/10/11 a 22/10/11, pela manhã e tarde, em duas profundidades de três estações. O fitoplâncton e protozooplâncton foram coletados com frascos de polipropileno (500 ml), fixados com formaldeído 2% neutralizado com bórax e analisados em câmaras de sedimentação de Uthermöl. O zooplâncton foi coletado com rede de 68 &#956;m de malha, fixado com formaldeído 4% neutralizado com bórax e analisado em subamostras. Variáveis abióticas foram analisadas in situ com sondas. Os nutrientes foram coletados com garrafa de Van Dorn e frascos de polipropileno, congeladas e levadas para análise no laboratório de Geoquímica da UFF. A estação AN-01 apresentou menores valores de temperatura da água (19 C), condutividade (2,3 &#956;S/cm) e turbidez (1,1 UNT), mas com maiores valores de OD (9,6 mg/L). Maiores valores de turbidez (6,9 UNT) e pH (7,7) foram registrados na estação AN-02, enquanto a estação AN-03 apresentou maiores valores de temperatura da água (23,7 C) e condutividade (1951 &#956;S/cm). O fitoplâncton apresentou valores máximos nas estações AN-02 manhã em 22/10/11 (4,28 x 103 ind/L) e AN-03 tarde em 20/10/11(3,4 x 103 ind/L). O zooplâncton apresentou valores máximos na estação AN-03 manhã (421,2 x 103 ind/L) e tarde (45,8 x 103 ind/L). Os valores máximos registrados para protozooplâncton foram registrados nas estações AN-02 manhã em 22/10/11 (35,1 x 103 ind/L) tarde em 21/10/11 (12,6 x 103 ind/L). A partir dos dados abióticos, caracterizou-se o sistema como oligo-mesotrófico, com características distintas em seus pontos de coleta: A dominância de sarcodinos, diatomáceas e calanóides, em riqueza e densidade, demonstram o caráter estuarino, pois protozoários são indicadores de ambientes lóticos continentais, calanóides de ambientes marinhos e diatomáceas representantes de ambos os ambientes. Este estudo preliminar demonstrou a integridade ambiental do estuário, fato que reflete em sua preservação e da Mata Atlântica em seu entorno. / This paper aims to contribute to the recovery and conservation of waterways and biodiversity in the Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro, by characterizing preliminary environmental river system - Andorinha Stream estuary, located on the Ilha Grande State Park (RJ) using abiotic and biotic indicators. Sampling occurred from 20/10/11 to 22/10/11, morning and afternoon, at two depths of three stations: AN-01 (furthest from the mouth), AN- 02 (middle, near the CEADS) and AN-03 (region of the mouth). The phyto-and protozooplankton were collected using polypropylene jars (500 ml), fixed with 2% formaldehyde neutralized with borax and analyzed by sedimentation chambers Uthermöl. Zooplankton was collected with a network of 68 mm in mesh, fixed with 4% formaldehyde neutralized with borax and analyzed in subsamples. The temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity, pH and turbidity were analyzed in situ with probes. The light penetration depth and location were obtained from Secchi disc. Water samples for nutrient analysis were collected with a Van Dorn bottle and polypropylene bottles, frozen and taken for analysis in the laboratory of Geochemistry UFF. The station AN-01 had lower water temperature (19 C), conductivity (2.3 &#956;S/cm) and turbidity (1.1 NTU), but with higher values of OD (9.6 mg/L). Higher values of turbidity (6.9 NTU) and pH (7.7) were recorded at the station AN- 02, while the station EBG03 had higher water temperature (23.7 C) and conductivity (1951 &#956;S/cm). Phytoplankton showed maximum values at stations EBG02 morning 22/10/11 (4.28 x 103 ind/L) and AN-03 late on 10/20/11 (3.4 x 103 ind/L). Zooplankton showed maximum values at station AN-03 am (421.2 x 103 ind/L) and late (45.8 x 103 ind/L). The maximum values recorded for protozooplankton were recorded at stations in NA-02 morning 10/22/11 (35.1 x 103 ind/L) late on 21/10/11 (12.6 x 103 ind/L). From the abiotic data, the system was characterized as oligo-mesotrophic, with different characteristics in their collection points: AN-01 semi-lotic system with little influence of intrusion; AN-02 semi-lentic saline, with small intrusion of seawater, estuarine system AN-03, more intrusion of sea water. The dominance of sarcodina, diatoms and calanoids in richness and density, show the character estuarine because protozoa are indicators of lotic continental calanoids of marine diatoms and representatives of both environments. This preliminary study showed the environmental integrity of the estuary, a fact reflected in its preservation of the Atlantic Forest and its surroundings.

O solo é um recurso natural essencial para os seres humanos. Porém, atualmente, as atividades humanas estão provocando a degradação do solo principalmente através da aceleração dos processos erosivos. Os estudos sobre estes processos ajudam na compreensão, interpretação e conservação do solo. Assim, este trabalho pretende estudar e datar os processos erosivos em uma voçoroca localizada na Estação Experimental de Tupi (Piracicaba SP) mediante o uso da dendrogeomorfologia. A dendrogeomorfologia é uma ciência relativamente recente que relaciona os anéis de crescimento das árvores com processos geomorfológicos permitindo a reconstrução cronológica e ocorrência dos eventos. A relevância deste estudo é conhecer o potencial desta ciência em áreas tropicais já que atualmente este tipo de estudos são escassos nestas áreas. Esta técnica foi aplicada utilizando raízes expostas de espécies do gênero Pinus sp. A datação do processo erosivo baseou-se nas mudanças no padrão de crescimento das raízes, tais como: a largura do anel, crescimento excêntrico, porcentagem do lenho tardio e densidade do lenho ocorridas após a sua exposição pelo processo erosivo. Através do estudo destas alterações determinou-se o primeiro ano de exposição da raiz e se calculou a taxa de erosão anual. Os resultados mostraram que a voçoroca está formada pela integração de dois sistemas de diferentes origens que confluem em um degrau de erosão. A abertura das voçorocas está influenciada pela presença de processos de \"piping\" na área, os quais também afetam a morfologia das raízes quando enterradas. A taxa de erosão vertical, segundo o método de GÄRTNER (2007), atingem valores entre 17,0 e 36,5 mm/ano quantificando o processo de afundamento da voçoroca; e a taxa de erosão horizontal, segundo o método de MALIK (2008), valores de 0,70 e 1,45 m/ano caracterizando o avanço longitudinal da mesma. Estes resultados são elevados se comparados com resultados obtidos em climas temperados por outros autores e similares aos publicados por BOVI (2013) na mesma área de estudo. Finalmente, a dendrogeomorfologia se corrobora como uma ferramenta de grande potencial em áreas tropicais. Os dados e informações obtidos podem se traduzir num banco de dados dendrogeomorfológicos e contribuir à expansão desta ciência no Brasil e áreas de ambientes tropicais. / Soil is a vital natural resource for humans. However today, human activities are causing soil degradation mainly by accelerating soil erosion. Studies of these processes help to understand, interpret and conserve the soil. This work aims to study and date the erosion in a gully located in the Experimental Station of Tupi (Piracicaba SP) using dendrogeomorphology. Dendrogeomorphology is a relatively new science that relates the growth tree rings with geomorphological processes allowing chronological reconstruction and occurrence of events. The relevance of this study is to know the potential of this science in tropical areas because currently this type of studies are lacking in these areas. This technique was applied using exposed roots of species of Pinus sp. The dating of the erosion process was based on the changes in the pattern of root growth, such as the width of the ring, eccentric growth, percentage of latewood and density of the wood that occur after exposure by erosion. Through the study of these changes the first year of root exposure was determined, and the annual rate of erosion was estimated. The results showed the gully is formed by the integration of two different systems that converge in an erosion step. The opening of the gully is influenced by the presence of piping in the area, which also affect the morphology of the roots when buried. The vertical erosion rate, according to the method of GÄRTNER (2007), reached values between 17.0 and 36.5 mm/year quantifying the deepenning process of the gully; and horizontal erosion rate according to the method of MALIK (2008), values of 0.70 and 1.45 m/year characterizing the longitudinal advancement of the gully. These results were high compared with results obtained in temperate climates by others authors, and similar to those published by BOVI (2013) in the same site. Finally, dendrogeomorphology demonstrates great potential as a tool in tropical areas. The data and information obtained can be translated into a dendrogeomorphological database and contribute to the expansion of this science in Brazil and areas of tropical environments.

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate changes in chemical composition on kikuyu Pennisetum clandestinum hay cut with 50, 70 and 90 days of regrowth, and its effect on intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation and passage kinetics of solid phase through gastrointestinal tract (Experiment 1) and oxygen utilization by the portal system (Experiment 2) in sheeps. Six and three castrated lambs, mean live weight of 35 ± 3 kg and 33 ± 3 kg were used, in a Double 3 X 3 Latin Square and in a Latin Square experimental design in experiment 1 and 2, respectively. These animals were chronically catheterized in portal and mesenteric veins. Experimental diets were hay fed twice a day ad libitum . Intake of hay components linearly decreased (P<0,05) with the increase of the regrowth age of the plant with the ecxeption of indigestible neutral detergent fiber (NDFi), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and cellulose that were similar between treatments (P<0,05). Aparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergente fiber (NDF) were similar between treatments (P<0,05). Nitrogen intake and retention linearly decreased (P<0,05) with the increase of regrowth age of kikuyu but N digestibility and urinary excretion were similar between treatments. Protein synthesis and eficiency were quadratically related (P<0,05) with the regrowth age of kikuyu with maximum values on hay of 70 days. Aminoacids concentrations were similar while N-amonia concentration linearly decreased and (P<0,05) sugar and peptides concentrations were quadratically related (P<0,05) with the regrowth age of kikuyu. The kinetic of solid phase and retention time through the astrointestinal tract were similar between treatmens. Of the parameters that defines the nutritional value of the forage, only intake was correlationated with regrowth age. However, this relationship was not explained for the rate of passage of the solid phase or the hay digestibility. Around 4 5 % of the consumption of energy metabolic was liberated as heat by the organs that compose the portal system, but there was not relation between oxygen consumption and regrowth age. These results indicates that other than dietetic factors, like oxygen disponibility, also can affect oxygen utilization by the tissues. / Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a mudança na composição química do feno de quicuio (Pennisetum clandestinum) cortado com 50, 70 e 90 dias de rebrota, e, avaliar seu efeito sobre o consumo, digestão, fermentação ruminal, a taxa de passagem da digesta pelo trato digestivo (Experimento 1) e a utilização do oxigênio pelo sistema portal em ovinos (Experimento 2). No 1º experimento, foram utilizados seis ovinos machos castrados, com peso vivo (PV) médio de 35± 3 kg, num delineamento duplo quadrado Latino 3 X 3, e no 2º experimento foram utilizados três ovinos machos castrados com PV de 33 ± 3 kg. Nestes animais foram implantados catéteres permanentes nas veias porta e mesentérica. As dietas experimentais foram constituídas de feno fornecido duas vezes ao dia em quantidades suficientes para haver sobras de 10 a 20% do oferecido. O consumo dos vários componentes do feno diminuíram linearmente com o avanço da idade de rebrote da planta (P<0.05), com exceção dos consumos de fibra em detergente neutro indigestível (FDNi), fibra em detergente neutro (FDA) e celulose, que foram similares nos diferentes tratamentos (P<0.05). A digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca (MS), matéria orgânica (MO), FDN assim como a digestibilidade verdadeira da MO, não foram influenciados pela idade de rebrote da planta. O consumo e a retenção de nitrogênio (N) diminuíram linearmente (P<0,05) com o aumento da idade de rebrote da planta, mas a digestibilidade e a excreção urinária de N foram similares entre os tratamentos. A síntese protéica microbiana e a eficiência microbiana variaram quadraticamente (P<0,05). A concentração de aminoácidos foi similar, mas a concentração de amônia diminuiu linearmente e, as concentrações de açúcares e peptídeos assim como o pH, variaram quadraticamente (P<0,05), com o aumento da idade de rebrota da forrageira, sendo os máximos valores observados nos animais que receberam feno de 70 dias de rebrote. Os parâmetros de cinética de passagem foram similares nos diferentes tratamentos. Dos parâmetros que definem o valor nutritivo da forragem, apenas o consumo foi relacionado com a idade de rebrota da planta. No entanto, esta relação não foi explicada nem pela taxa de passagem da digesta pelo trato digestivo nem pela digestibilidade da forragem. A produção de calor portal representou 4 a 5% do consumo da EM do feno, mas não houve uma relação clara entre gasto de oxigênio e idade de rebrota da planta. Os resultados indicam que fatores não dietéticos, como a disponibilidade de oxigênio, também podem afetar a utilização deste metabólito pelos tecidos.

O pinhão manso é uma pequena árvore tropical que adquiriu importância econômica pelo conteúdo de óleo em suas sementes e pela possibilidade de sua utilização para produção de biocombustível. As sementes e o óleo do pinhão manso são tóxicos devido principalmente à presença de ésteres de forbol, o que dificulta a sua utilização direta para o consumo humano e também dos resíduos para a alimentação animal. A falta de programas de melhoramento e cultivares comerciais e problemas com pragas e doenças estão desestimulando o cultivo do pinhão manso pelo mundo. Por se tratar de uma espécie semi-domesticada, a utilização de marcadores moleculares como ITS, PCR-RFLP, microssatélites e TRAP poderia auxiliar nos estudos de diversidade genética, visando o desenvolvimento de variedades adaptadas às necessidades dos agricultores. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a variabilidade genética de acessos de pinhão manso depositados no Banco de Germoplasma da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, além de possibilitar estudos sobre as relações entre as populações, centros de diversidade e determinar o sistema reprodutivo da espécie. Os resultados são discutidos destacando que a maior parte da diversidade encontra-se entre as populações estudadas. Os resultados derivados dos quatro marcadores utilizados corroboram que o centro de diversidade da espécie possivelmente está na América, com destaque para o México, Brasil e Colômbia. Os resultados apontam também para a diferenciação genética dos acessos atóxicos dos mexicanos quando comparados com os demais acessos tóxicos de pinhão manso. Os marcadores microssatélites desenvolvidos indicam que o pinhão manso apresenta um sistema misto de reprodução, combinando autofecundações, apomixia e cruzamento entre indivíduos aparentados, o que pode explicar a menor diversidade genética encontrada dentro das populações. Devido ao sistema misto de reprodução e aos acasalamentos correlacionados, a coleta de sementes de polinização aberta para fins de melhoramento ou conservação deve ser conduzida em um número de árvores acima de 100, visando garantir uma amostra estruturada / Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is a tropical tree that has acquired economic importance for the content of oil in its seeds and the possibility of its use for biofuel production. However, oil seeds and physic nut are toxic because of the presence of secondary metabolites such as phorbol esters which makes its use directly for human consumption and also its waste for animal feed difficult. The lack of commercial varieties and problems with pests and diseases are making physic nut cultivation in the world unattractive. The use of molecular markers such as ITS, PCR-RFLP, microsatellites and TRAP can help in studies of genetic diversity, aimed at developing varieties adapted to farmers needs. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic variability of physic nut accessions deposited in the Germplasm Bank of the \'Universidade Federal de São Carlos\', in addition to allowing studies on the relationship among accessions, centers of diversity and reproductive system. Results are discussed highlighting that most diversity is concentrated among populations. The four markers used indicated that the center of diversity of this species is probably in America with emphasis on Mexico, Brazil and Colombia. The microsatellite markers indicate that physic nut has a mixed system of reproduction, combining self-pollinations, apomixis and crossing between related individuals which may explain the small genetic diversity found within populations. Due to the mixed system of reproduction and correlated mating, the collection of open-pollinated seeds for plant breeding or conservation should be conducted in a number of trees above 100 in order to ensure a structured sample

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No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaraNCV_DISSERT.pdf: 2982680 bytes, checksum: 4c5a62af634af9865426863a56bff0dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Brazilian viticulture currently occupies an area of 81,000 hectares, especially the Rio Grande do Sul and the agricultural hub Petrolina / Juazeiro-BA accounted for 95% of national fine table grapes exports. The cultivation of the vine is influenced by climate, which directly affects the development of culture, the occurrence of pests and diseases, the water needs and the quality of fruit. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the phenological development, soil moisture variations and vine production Syrah under five rootstocks (PE) and two driving systems (SC), and the variation of the microclimate in different systems as conduction and interfere with the quality of the fruit. The experiment was developed in the Trough of experimental field, in Petrolina, PE, during the second cycle of 2015. We used the Syrah, which is one of the main varieties used in the production of red wine in the São Francisco Valley, divided into blocks, subdivided into plots at random in each block were implanted two microclimate stations in the center of the area cultivated in both drive systems to obtain the microclimate data divided into blocks and divided in blocks. Throughout the crop development cycle measurements were performed in all treatments (SC x PE), in relation to the leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetic active radiation below the canopy (PARabx), fraction of photosynthetically active radiation intercepted by the crop canopy (Fpari), soil moisture 0,20 me production and soil moisture at depths from 0.00 to 0.60 me fruit quality, in 4 treatments, results were evaluated statistically by the Tukey test a 5% probability. The results found that most microclimate variables only significant difference in the final stages of development of culture, parameters except for: albedo, ratio Rn / Rg and soil moisture. There was a significant difference when compared to the EP and SC. The maximum values of LAI presented in the SC in lira and the EP 'IAC 313'. fPARi presented the maximum values in the SC in lira and espalier, respectively, in the EP 'IAC 572' and 'IAC 313'. In both SC Fpari the minimum values were presented at the EP 'P1103'. The analysis of soil moisture in depth from 0.00 to 0.20 m, in both drive systems, the PE 'SO4' and 'P1103' showed higher water requirements. Analyzing soil moisture in depth from 0.00 to 0.60 m PE with the highest water requirement was 'P1103'. The lira driving system provided higher yield per plant in all PE, highlighting the 'IAC 313' with averages of 4.26 and 2.95 kg plant-1, in systems lira and espalier, respectively. We conclude that the conduction system in lira stands out in the production presented in great quality values, but the highest water requirements compared to the conduction system in espalier, as the rootstock 'IAC 572' showed great leaf development and smaller production values in the evaluated cycle / A viticultura brasileira ocupa atualmente, uma área de 81 mil hectares, com destaque para o Rio Grande do Sul e para o polo agrícola Petrolina-PE/Juazeiro-BA responsável por 95% das exportações nacionais de uvas finas de mesa. O cultivo da videira é influenciado pelo clima, que interfere diretamente no desenvolvimento da cultura, na ocorrência de pragas e doenças, nas necessidades hídricas e na qualidade dos frutos. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar o desenvolvimento fenológico, as variações de umidade do solo e a produção da videira cultivar Syrah, sob cinco porta-enxertos (PE) e dois sistemas de condução (SC), além da variação do microclima em diferentes sistemas de condução e como interferem na qualidade do fruto. O experimento foi desenvolvido no campo experimental de Bebedouro, em Petrolina, PE, durante segundo ciclo de 2015. Utilizou-se a cultivar Syrah, que é uma das principais cultivares utilizadas na produção de vinho tinto no Vale do São Francisco, dividido em blocos, subdividido em parcelas ao acaso, em cada bloco foram implantadas duas estações microclimáticas no centro da área cultivada em ambos os sistemas de condução para obtenção dos dados microclimáticos, divididos em blocos e subdivididos em blocos ao acaso. Durante todo o ciclo de desenvolvimento da cultura foram realizadas medidas, em todos os tratamentos (SC x PE), no que se refere ao índice de área foliar (IAF), radiação fotossinteticamente ativa abaixo do dossel (PARabx), fração da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa interceptada pelo dossel da cultura (fPARi), umidade do solo a 0,20 m e produção, bem como umidade do solo nas profundidades de 0,00 a 0,60 m e qualidade do fruto, em 4 tratamentos, resultados foram avaliados estatisticamente pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados constataram que a maioria das variáveis microclimáticas só apresentaram diferença significativa nas fases finais de desenvolvimento da cultura, com exceção dos parâmetros: albedo, relação Rn/Rg e umidade do solo. Verificou-se diferença significativa quando comparados os PE e os SC. Os valores máximos de IAF apresentaram-se no SC em lira e no PE „IAC 313‟. A fPARi apresentou valores máximos nos SC em lira e espaldeira, respectivamente, nos PE „IAC 572‟ e „IAC 313‟. Em ambos os SC os valores mínimos de fPARi foram apresentados no PE „P1103‟. Na análise da umidade do solo na profundidade de 0,00 a 0,20 m, em ambos os sistemas de condução, os PE „SO4‟ e „P1103‟ apresentaram maiores necessidades hídricas. Analisando a umidade do solo na profundidade de 0,00 a 0,60 m o PE que apresentou maior necessidade hídrica foi o „P1103‟. O sistema de condução em lira promoveu maior produção por planta em todos os PE, destacando-se o „IAC 313‟ com médias de 4,26 e 2,95 Kg planta-1, nos sistemas em lira e espaldeira, respectivamente. Concluímos assim que o sistema de condução em lira se destaca na produção apresentado valores de qualidade ótimos, porém apresenta uma necessidade hídrica maior, quando comparado ao sistema de condução em espaldeira, já o porta-enxerto „IAC 572‟ apresentou grande desenvolvimento foliar e menores valores de produção no ciclo avaliado / 2017-02-01