Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-05-11T18:19:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloRibeiro.pdf: 1230100 bytes, checksum: 26a17492c9bab64fa9b26fb0eae9aa6c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-11T18:19:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloRibeiro.pdf: 1230100 bytes, checksum: 26a17492c9bab64fa9b26fb0eae9aa6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-06 / Production of a glossary which presents the names for prostitute in the Brazilian State of Maranhão, considering the linguistic taboos and the word formation. For the construction of this glossary, it is discussed the propost of linguistic taboos presented by por Guérios (1956), Leach (1964), Grimes (1978) and Ulmann (1987). It is also considered some previous studies developed in Maranhão and Brazil about the linguistic taboos in the names used to prostitute, as Pereira (2010), Guedelha (2011) and Ribeiro (2012, 2013) – the results presented in Ribeiro´s studies are used as basis to the composition of the data to this study. Considering the substitution strategies of the linguistic taboos presented in Guérios (1956) and Ullmann (1987), it is defended that the processes to formation of words are also a relevant and productive process, since the speakers, intending do not to pronounce the words related to taboos, tend to create or resignify them. So, it is impossible do not mention the neological typology and the processes presented by Guilbert (1975), Alves (1994), Biderman (2001) eCorreia e Almeida (2012), as well the process focused by Basílio (1991), Sandmann (1997) and Nascimento (2013). Aiming to show a synthesis which organizes the words to prostitute in the Brazilian State of Maranhão, it is presented a glossary. For its elaboration, it was necessary: to develop bibliographic searches, delimitate the corpus, filling of lexicographic files, analysis of data and the writing of 46 entries, that follows the structure: Word + Morphological classification + Word formation +/- etymology + variant + Motivation+/- remissive. / Produção de glossário que apresenta as denominações para prostituta no estado do Maranhão, tendo como base a tabuização e levando em conta os processos de formação de palavras. Para a construção desse glossário, discute-se a proposta de tabus linguísticos defendida por Guérios (1956), Leach (1964), Grimes (1978) e Ulmann (1987), além de estudos previamente realizados no Maranhão e no Brasil sobre os tabus linguísticos presentes nas denominações para prostituta, como em Pereira (2010), Guedelha (2011) e Ribeiro (2012, 2013) – os resultados apresentados nos estudos de Ribeiro serão utilizados como base para a composição dos dados para este estudo. Considerando as estratégias de substituição de vocábulos tabus propostas por Guérios (1956) e Ulmann (1987), defende-se que os processos de formação de palavras também constituem um mecanismo de fuga relevante e produtivo, uma vez que os falantes, com a intenção de não pronunciar itens lexicais considerados inadequados, tendem a criar outros ou a ressignificá-los. Assim, não se pode deixar de mencionar as tipologias neológicas e os processos presentes nos estudos de Guilbert (1975), Alves (1994), Biderman (2001) e Correia e Almeida (2012), bem como os processos de formação de palavras focalizados em Basílio (1991), Sandmann (1997) e Nascimento (2013). Com o intuito de organizar os itens lexicais para prostituta no estado do Maranhão, considerando a relação existente entre os tabus e os processos de formação de palavras, é apresentado um glossário que foi elaborado seguindo as seguintes etapas: pesquisas bibliográficas, delimitação e seleção do corpus, preenchimento de fichas lexicográficas, análise dos dados e a redação dos 46 verbetes do glossário, que seguem a estrutura: Item lexical + Classificação morfológica +/- Processo(s) de formação de palavras +/- Etimologia +Variante + Motivação +/- Remissiva

This thesis is an enquiry into the Marquis de Sade, his writing and the perversion known as sadism. The narrower focus of this thesis investigates the problem of the meeting of violence and language in Sade's novels and the implications for cinema. The procedure has been to adopt the Critical and Clinical approach to philosophy that brings together both the literary style of Sade and the clinical symptoms of sadism. This method canvasses a number of Sades novels to consider the psychoanalytical definition of sadism before moving on to discuss the expression of sadism through language. Finally, the model of sadism and language is then applied to a number of films to discuss how violence within the context of sadism functions through language within cinema. The general results show how speech and action can be defined as equivalent forms of sadian violence when expressed through language in both literature and cinema. This occurs, furthermore, through the transcendent model of violence where both speech and action refer to a higher order of violence and this is put at the service of the senses through language. The major conclusions reached suggest that language in literature and cinema can be a demonstrative form of the higher order of violence. Sadism draws out the violence and excess of the world by reflecting it within language. In doing so, violence is designated with a quality of the erotic through this excess. Finally, each act of violence within literature and cinema is an attempt to overcome taboos through transgression. The breaking of a taboo creates an amount of excess but also reinstates the taboo in what becomes an empty act of transgression. The excess is expressed through violence within language and deed according to a transcendent function of language in literature and cinema.

<p>There are words and topics of conversation that are considered taboo and offensive in the English language. Offensive words can be divided into different categories, based on the way they are used and in what situation. Topics of conversation that are considered taboo are for example sexual activity and death.</p><p>Men and women are said to use language differently, in a number of areas. One of these areas concerns offensive language. It is considered masculine to swear and women are prone to use euphemisms more than men, i.e. the mildest form possible of an offensive word. Studies have shown that men and women feel more comfortable using taboo language with members of the same sex than with members of the opposite sex.</p><p>This paper aims to study the differences in language use between men and women and apply the findings on eight episodes of the American television series Sex and the City, with focus on offensive language. The purpose is to study whether or not the female characters of the show use a typically male language and if they do, if it could be a reason for them being perceived as strong women.</p>

Satire might not inspire physical action—the physical act of picking up a sign to picket the government—but it moves an audience towards a state of mental action by confronting audiences with the interdictions and iniquities it fears the most. The rhetorical qualities of satire need to be acknowledged to fully understand how satire functions. To look at an example of contemporary satire, like The Onion, and see how it functions as a tool to create knowledge, three concepts can be borrowed from the rhetorical tradition: (1) Plato’s dialectic as a rhetorical model for Donald Griffin’s “Rhetoric of inquiry and provocation” ; (2) Aristotle’s means of persuasion and Han Tzu’s recognition of the imbalanced power-dynamics inherent in discussing dissentient views to see how satire’s audience and its controversial or unmentionable content is inextricably intertwined, making humor a satirist’s primary mean of persuasion; and lastly, (3) the Sophists’ understanding of situational truths and how it informs the cultural standards and institutions that satire contends. A satirist wishes to create, through the use of laughter, a space for questioning the worst qualities of society and humanity, provoking inward reflection in order to challenge the cultural rationalization that informs societal behavior.

Titel: Ett komplicerat förhållande - om relationen mellan lobbying och marknadsföring Författare: Pernilla Jansdotter &amp; Emma Josefsson Handledare: Christine Tidåsen Nivå: Kandidatuppsats i Marknadsföring, 15 hp, VT 2011 Nyckelord: Lobbying, PR, marknadsföring, tabu, marknadskommunikation Problemformulering: Hur använder företag lobbying ur ett PR- och marknadsförings-perspektiv och anses det vara en tabubelagd form av marknadskommunikation? Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och beskriva hur företag kan använda sig av lobbying ur ett PR- och marknadsföringsperspektiv samt hur allmänheten, företag och politiker ser på fenomenet. Metod: Uppsatsen är en kvalitativ studie med en abduktiv ansats. Sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med lobbyister och andra lobbyarbetare har genomförts. Ytterligare 20 mindre intervjuer med allmänheten samt en sekundärempirisk undersökning har utförts. Teoretisk referensram: Kapitlet inleds med en beskrivning av begreppet lobbying, hur kopplingen till PR och marknadsföring ser ut samt hur lobbyarbetet går till. Därefter beskrivs allmänhetens, politikers och företags inställning till lobbying. Empirisk studie: I empirin presenteras materialet från alla våra intervjuer samt vår sekundärempiriska undersökning. Respondenterna ger sin syn på fenomenet lobbying och inställningen till det. Detta presenteras under tre separata delar. Slutsats: Studien leder fram till slutsatsen att kopplingen mellan lobbying, marknadsföring och PR kan ses på flera olika sätt, men att framgångsrik lobbying kan påverka marknaden företag är verksamma på. Vi ser också att politiker och företag är positivt inställda, medan allmänheten har dålig kunskap om fenomenet och en mer negativ inställning till lobbying. / Title: It’s complicated! – The relationship between lobbying and marketing Authors: Pernilla Jansdotter &amp; Emma Josefsson Advisor: Christine Tidåsen Level: Bachelor thesis in marketing (15 Swedish credits), Spring 2011 Keywords: Lobbying, Public Relations, Marketing, Taboo, Marketing communications Question: How is lobbying used by companies from a PR and marketing perspective and is it considered a taboo form of marketing communication? Purpose: The purpose with this thesis is to explore and describe how companies can avail lobbying from a PR and marketing perspective, and how lobbying workers, the general public and politicians perceive the attitude towards the phenomenon. Method: This thesis is a qualitative study with an abductive reasoning. Six semistructured interviews with lobbyists and other people who work with lobbying have been implemented. 20 smaller interviews with the general public and a secondary empirical study have been done. Theoretical framework: The chapter begins with a description of the concept of lobbying, how it links to PR and marketing, and how lobbying is done. After that a description is made of the public, politicians and corporate attitude to lobbying. Empirical studies: The empirical data presents material from all our interviews and our secondary empirical study. The respondents give their version on the phenomena lobbying and the attitude towards it. This is presented in three different sections. Conclusion: Our study leads to the conclusion that the link between lobbying, marketing and PR can be seen in several different ways, but also that successful lobbying may affect the market of a company. We also see that politicians and businesses are more positive, while the public has little knowledge of the phenomenon and a more negative approach to lobbying.

<p>So far little research has been done on the term bitch exclusively. The aim of this essay is to find a pattern of teenagers’ uses of the word bitch in various contexts and in different grammatical forms. A further question is whether bitch can be considered a swearword or not.</p><p>The investigation was carried out by using two different corpora which is COLT (The Bergen Corpus of London Teenage Language) and Webcorp as the primary sources out of which concordance lines were extracted. These were in turn categorized into different word classes and analyzed in detail. The results show that there were several word classes in which bitch appeared such as noun, verb and adjective and the most common word class is nouns. The results also show that teenagers mainly use the term as a swearword with which they address their peers. In conclusion even though the term bitch did not originally belong to taboo language, however, due to the fact that the word has developed a more negative meaning it can be seen a swearword.</p>

China in the new millennium has witnessed the surge of the digital wave, which has played a pivotal role in reshaping the social and cultural landscapes. This dissertation employs institutional and content analysis to link the ascendance of Internet culture with the state-led marketization, commercialization, and modernization project. By systematically examining blog and Bulletin Board Systems (BBSs), two of the most dynamic online spaces in China, it brings to the fore the intertwining official, commercial, individual, and social forces conducive to the vitality, ingenuity, and diversity of Internet culture in China. The main body of this dissertation is divided into four chapters. Chapter one describes the developmental history of the Internet and blogging industry in China, and discusses how the rule of the attention economy dominates the industrial practice of commercial Internet portals. By taking Sina.com as a primary case study, this chapter elucidates how the strategic structuring of attention is paramount for Sina.com’s success in promoting celebrity blogs. In turn, celebrity blogging has fundamentally changed the social and cultural landscape of China. The following three chapters delineate three prominent cultural modes digital media have fostered: fun-seeking, trailblazing, and taboo-breaking. Each formulation epitomizes how a particular style of attention rule is implemented in online space. Chapter two investigates how the playful collective attention projected on an alternative media type fosters the birth of China’s first Internet celebrity: Furong Jiejie (Sister Lotus). Chapter three explores how the “attention-haves,” represented by such celebrities as Yang Lan and Xu Jinglei, innovatively capitalize on the attention rule and engage in new modes of cultural production via new media. In chapter four, I use blogs of Mu Zimei and Han Han as examples, and detail how their taboo-breaking practices disrupt preset parameters of social, cultural, and political norms. I contend their particular style of blogging greatly contributes to catching public attention and engaging in contentious issues, which further fosters the emergence of a literal public sphere in contemporary China. / text

This study investigates Kinyarwaanda sexuality taboo words and their meaning in Rwandan culture to enable the youth to improve their communication and the values of Rwandan culture. It explores whether the use of Kinyarwaanda sexuality taboo words is a good way to communicate with one another or is a transgression of Rwandan culture. Its intent is to see the value that Rwandans assign to verbal taboos, particularly sexuality taboo words, to see how these taboos regulate Rwandans lives, to see the attitudes Rwandans hold towards them, and to find out the link there might be between sexuality taboo words, the information dissemination on HIV/AIDS and the spread of AIDS.

Thèse (M.A.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2003. / Bibliogr.: f. 55-56. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANE SILVA DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 257435 bytes, checksum: 930f04b8209408beaa0c5e2e0f8c213a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-27 / The central theme of this thesis addresses the practices of hospital psychologists and chaplains in loss by death situations. The thesis purpose is to understand the processes of receiving, caring for and advising carried out by psychologists and chaplains in situations of death; and investigating the similarities and differences between these professionals in their methods of receiving, caring for, and advising in situations of loss by death. The research subjects included 1 Protestant Chaplain, 1 Chaplain Priest of St. Camillo, and 2 psychologists, all of whom work with pastoral care and psychological assistance in hospitals. The qualitative method of investigation used in this research is the Grounded Theory (PIRES 2001) whose data categorization and interpretation considers all verbal content, respecting each word spoken by the subject. The chaplain was interviewed in her office at the university where she works and the other subjects were interviewed in the hospital itself, on which occasion we asked them to speak about their working methods in the hospital setting. Through the results obtained it was possible to verify that there still today is difficulty in dealing with the term death and in defining the concept of death, both in the religious and psychological realm. There is a very strong culture, which surrounds human relations and makes our understanding more difficult, impeding us from mentioning the word death. It was possible to identify divergences in the daily practices of both chaplains and psychologists with respect to the Methods and Techniques, as these become confused at moment of receiving, advising, and giving support to persons that are confronting loss by death. Both chaplains and psychologists said that spirituality is a resource used to confront this loss by death and the suggestions and feelings of those interviewed in relation to their practices was that the professionals need space of expression in order for the their work to become fully integrated, need to provide support to the caregivers, and need to demystify the chaplain s work and the need for the work of the psychologists to be extended to hospital employees. We concluded that through the research carried out there is confusion in the roles or functions between the Chaplain and Psychologist. This confusion puts into question the very professional, role, or techniques of intervention. This suggests that there is a need in the education of these professionals for clarification of information regarding their role when faced with loss by death. / Este trabalho traz como tema central às práticas de capelães e psicólogos hospitalares junto às pessoas em situação de perda por morte. Os objetivos desse trabalho foi compreender os processos de acolhimento, cuidado e aconselhamento que são realizados por psicólogos e capelães nas situações de luto; e investigar as semelhanças e diferenças nas práticas de acolhimento, cuidado e aconselhamento entre esses profissionais nas situações de luto por morte. Foram sujeitos desta pesquisa 1 Capelã protestante, 1 Capelão Padre Camiliano, e 2 Psicólogas, que trabalhavam com acolhimento, cuidado, aconselhamento pastoral e psicológico em hospitais. O método de investigação qualitativo utilizado nesta pesquisa foi a Grounded Teory , que categoriza dados e cuja interpretação é realizada considerando todo o conteúdo verbal, respeitando-se cada palavra dada pelo sujeito. A Capelã foi entrevistada em sua sala de atendimento na universidade onde trabalha e os demais sujeitos foram entrevistados nas próprias dependências dos hospitais, ocasião em que solicitamos que falassem sobre suas práticas de trabalho no contexto hospitalar. Pelos resultados obtidos foi possível verificar que existe ainda hoje uma dificuldade para lidar com o termo morte e para definir o conceito de morte, tanto no âmbito religioso, como no psicológico. Existe uma cultura muito forte, que cerca as relações humanas e que dificulta a nossa compreensão e que nos impede de mencionar a palavra morte. Foi possível identificar divergências na prática diária tanto dos capelães, quanto das psicólogas, em relação aos seus Métodos e Técnicas, pois eles se confundem na hora do acolhimento, do aconselhamento, do apoio dado às pessoas que estão passando pela perda por morte. Tanto os capelães, como as psicólogas disseram que a espiritualidade é um recurso utilizado para o enfrentamento dessa perda por morte e as sugestões e sentimentos dos entrevistados em relação as suas práticas foram que os profissionais necessitam de um espaço de expressão, para o desenvolvimento de um trabalho integrado, para um suporte aos cuidadores, para a necessidade de se desmistificar o trabalho do capelão e da necessidade do trabalho das psicólogas se estender aos funcionários do hospital. Concluímos que através da pesquisa realizada apresenta-se confusão nos papéis ou funções entre Capelão e Psicólogo. Esta confusão coloca em dúvida a própria profissão, atuação ou técnicas de intervenção. Isto sugere que há necessidade, na formação destes profissionais, de esclarecimentos ou conhecimentos sobre sua atuação diante da perda por morte