The thesis The Part of the Teacher in the Present Society is trying to give account to the readers how the part of the teacher has changed in the last years and what all up has involved this change. The thesis is divided into seven parts. The first capture should introduce the reader philosophical and sociological context of the upbringing. In the following capture the reader is familiarized with the teacher's profession and with everything what it yields. In the next capture the parts that the present teacher can perform are outlined. It is not their detailed recitation, but the roundup of the expectancy that are placed on the present teacher. In the fourth capture there is a brief list of law documents where the teacher's profession is defined. The fifth capture describes the form and the principles of the educational revision and the following capture acquaints the readers with the changes of the teacher's profession after the educational revision. The seventh capture attends to the new form of the state maturita exam and the related difference for teachers. This thesis should not describe only the changes which the educational revision has brought, but above all it should contribute to understand the formidable and difficult part of the teachers in the present society.

The aim of this study was to fulfil two purposes: to gain deeper insights into what young children think about their teachers, and to examine the effectiveness of different methodologies which are designed to elicit information from school beginners. By employing a variety of qualitative techniques, the study focussed on the development of research methodologies specifically appropriate to this age group. Although the results of the study suggest that the children perceive teachers as performing the more obvious didactic and authoritarian roles, they also indicate an awareness of the managerial aspects of teaching. The data also suggested that the children placed greater emphasis on the teachers role as an entertainer than as a nurturer. An examination of the results in relation to the methodologies used, indicates the possibilities of further developing the drawing and interview technique for use by classroom teachers. The research highlights some interesting implications for teachers. A better understanding of childrens views about classroom practices may influence teachers decisions about how they wish to fulfil their roles and functions.

Allt fler barn upplever skolmatematiken som ett svårt ämne, något som väcker tankar och reflektioner. Jag utgår från att det är viktigt att redan i förskolan förbereda ett arbetssätt så att barnens förståelse för matematik utvidgas. Syftet med min studie är att lyfta fram förskollärarens roll i arbetet med matematiken i förskolan. Jag har all anledning till att utgå från begreppen språk, material och miljö för att få vetskap om förskollärarens roll. Jag anser att dessa begrepp är så sammanhängande med varandra och tillsammans utgör grunden för allt lärande. Studien är kvalitativ och består huvudsakligen av observationer som metod.  Resultatet i undersökningen visar att förskollärarna i vardagen sätter ord på matematiska begrepp.  Genom material såsom dataspel, manuella spel, böcker, byggklossar, pärlplatta och även olika Montessorimaterial förbereder förskollärarna en stimulerande pedagogisk miljö för barnens matematikinlärning. Med hjälp av observationer följer förskollärarna barnen för att därmed utifrån barnens intresse och nyfikenhet arbeta vidare med barnens matematiska förståelse. / More and more children experience school mathematics as a difficult subject which arouses thoughts and reflections. I think it is important to pre-school to prepare an approach so that children's understanding of mathematics can extend.  The purpose of my study is to highlight the pre-school teacher's role in the process of mathematics in pre-school. I have every reason to be based on the concepts of language, materials and environment to have the knowledge of pre-school teacher's role. I believe that these concepts are so connected with each other and together form the basis for all learning. The study is qualitative and consists mainly of observations as method. The results of the study show that pre-school teachers usually in everyday life put words on mathematical concepts. Through materials such as computer games, manual games, books, building blocks, pearl-plates and also various Montessori materials pre-school teachers prepare a stimulating educational environment for children's mathematical learning. By using the observations of the children pre-school teachers, thus based on the children's interest and curiosity, help children to make progress in mathematical understanding. Läs fonetiskt   Ordbok

As atividades que envolvem jogos na sala de aula, além de propiciarem o prazer, o desafio e a curiosidade, podem proporcionar o engajamento do aluno no processo ensino-aprendizagem e na construção de conceitos matemáticos. Essa afirmação pode parecer trivial, mas não é tão simples assim. Por parte do professor, a reflexão sobre a inserção de jogos em sua prática contribui para uma tomada de consciência sobre sua função mediadora nos processos de aprendizagem e para uma progressiva segurança e autonomia na mediação dos mesmos. O objetivo deste estudo é refletir sobre a ambigüidade do conceito de jogo, e elaborar a consideração de que as crenças constituídas ao longo da história de vida e formação do professor determinam o seu conceito sobre o jogo na escola. Consideramos fundamental discutir o paradoxo do jogo educativo ao se pesquisar o jogo na escola e refletir a prática do professor. Caso contrário, propostas bem fundamentadas e interessantes não atingem o professor em sua prática e não são introduzidas na escola. O primeiro eixo da pesquisa irá centrar-se nos pressupostos teóricos sobre o fenômeno em questão, buscando elementos para discutir o que é o jogo na escola, quais suas finalidades e qual o papel do professor. O segundo eixo utiliza a história oral como metodologia de pesquisa e busca desvelar na fala de uma professora, com sua história de vida, contrapontos para a discussão do tema. No encontro desses dois eixos procuramos nos aproximar do conceito de jogo na escola e ponderar o papel do educador. / The activities involving games in the classroom, in addition to providing the pleasure, the challenge and curiosity, can provide the engagement of the student in the teaching-learning process and the construction of mathematical concepts. That may seem trivial, but it is not as simple case. For the teacher, the debate on the inclusion of games in their practice contributes to an awareness of their role on mediating in the processes of learning and a progressive security and autonomy in mediation of them. The objective of this study is to reflect on the ambiguity of the concept of the game, and prepare the consideration of the believes that formed during the life story of the teacher training and determine its concept on the game at the school. We discuss the fundamental \"paradox of the educational game\" when searching the game in school and reflect the practice of teaching. Otherwise, well reasoned and interesting proposals do not affect the teacher in their practice and are not made in school. The first axis of the research will focus on the theoretical assumptions about the phenomenon in question, seeking evidence to discuss what is the game at school, what their purpose and what the role of the teacher. The second uses the oral history and methodology of research and search unveiling the talk of a teacher, with its history of life, counterpoints to the discussion of the subject. At the meeting of these two axes trying to bring the concept of the game in school and consider the role of educator.

The purpose of this study has been to compare teachers' differing methods of teaching mathematics and their perspectives on the learning process in a municipal school to a Waldorf school. The study has examined which approach best promotes student engagement and learning in mathematics in the first three years of schooling. The study is based on four interviews. The informants’ accounts are interpreted using theories from previous research. The study shows that the municipal schools and Waldorf schools use different methods in mathematics teaching. In the public school, the focus is mostly on the students achieving curriculum goals and passing the national tests in the third year of primary school. "Silent counting" and  individualized education” are methods that teachers in the municipal school make use of in mathematics teaching. In the Waldorf school students make their own textbooks, and through longer periods of teaching the teachers are aiming for deeper understanding of mathematics and its relations to the world around. The study favors the approach to teaching used in the Waldorf school in primary schools. It is assumed that students in a Waldorf school masters and have a deeper understanding of mathematics, than students in the municipal school where they work with pre-written math books.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka strategier som barn använder sig av när de vill tillträda en redan pågående lek. Det fanns tre frågeställningar som studien utgick ifrån och den första handlade om vilka strategier barn använde mest och den andra om vilka som accepterades från övriga barn. Den tredje frågeställningen inriktade sig på förskollärarens roll att stötta barns samspel. Insamlingen av data skedde genom observationer av barn när de skulle tillträda en lek samt intervjuer med två förskollärare. Studien resulterade i att barn ofta använder sig utav flera olika strategier och att det inte är ovanligt att de försöker med en ny strategi efter ett misslyckande. Förskollärarna har båda belyst betydelsen av att finnas till hands för att stötta barns samspel. Det kan finnas situationer där det inte går att vara fler barn och det är av största betydelse att då se till att barnet som inte får vara med inte känner sig kränkt. Här har förskollärarna en stor roll att fylla genom att kunna se när dessa händelser övergår till kränkningar. Kompissolen är en metod som de använder sig utav för att belysa positiva handlingar som barnen uträttar. Istället för att bara upprepa vad barnen inte får göra, inriktar de sig på när barnen är hjälpsamma mot deras kamrater.

As atividades que envolvem jogos na sala de aula, além de propiciarem o prazer, o desafio e a curiosidade, podem proporcionar o engajamento do aluno no processo ensino-aprendizagem e na construção de conceitos matemáticos. Essa afirmação pode parecer trivial, mas não é tão simples assim. Por parte do professor, a reflexão sobre a inserção de jogos em sua prática contribui para uma tomada de consciência sobre sua função mediadora nos processos de aprendizagem e para uma progressiva segurança e autonomia na mediação dos mesmos. O objetivo deste estudo é refletir sobre a ambigüidade do conceito de jogo, e elaborar a consideração de que as crenças constituídas ao longo da história de vida e formação do professor determinam o seu conceito sobre o jogo na escola. Consideramos fundamental discutir o paradoxo do jogo educativo ao se pesquisar o jogo na escola e refletir a prática do professor. Caso contrário, propostas bem fundamentadas e interessantes não atingem o professor em sua prática e não são introduzidas na escola. O primeiro eixo da pesquisa irá centrar-se nos pressupostos teóricos sobre o fenômeno em questão, buscando elementos para discutir o que é o jogo na escola, quais suas finalidades e qual o papel do professor. O segundo eixo utiliza a história oral como metodologia de pesquisa e busca desvelar na fala de uma professora, com sua história de vida, contrapontos para a discussão do tema. No encontro desses dois eixos procuramos nos aproximar do conceito de jogo na escola e ponderar o papel do educador. / The activities involving games in the classroom, in addition to providing the pleasure, the challenge and curiosity, can provide the engagement of the student in the teaching-learning process and the construction of mathematical concepts. That may seem trivial, but it is not as simple case. For the teacher, the debate on the inclusion of games in their practice contributes to an awareness of their role on mediating in the processes of learning and a progressive security and autonomy in mediation of them. The objective of this study is to reflect on the ambiguity of the concept of the game, and prepare the consideration of the believes that formed during the life story of the teacher training and determine its concept on the game at the school. We discuss the fundamental \"paradox of the educational game\" when searching the game in school and reflect the practice of teaching. Otherwise, well reasoned and interesting proposals do not affect the teacher in their practice and are not made in school. The first axis of the research will focus on the theoretical assumptions about the phenomenon in question, seeking evidence to discuss what is the game at school, what their purpose and what the role of the teacher. The second uses the oral history and methodology of research and search unveiling the talk of a teacher, with its history of life, counterpoints to the discussion of the subject. At the meeting of these two axes trying to bring the concept of the game in school and consider the role of educator.

Teacher telling is underrepresented in the mathematics education reform literature and deserves additional scrutiny. This case study examined a skilled teacher's telling practices during a university mathematics content course for pre-service elementary teachers. I identified telling practices through discourse analysis, attending to the presence of mathematics and the contribution of new structure or ideas from the teacher. The teacher utilized seven unique types of mathematical telling while supporting collaborative group work on tasks. The study identified subtle telling, implicit telling, and explicit telling. The results suggest that mathematical telling is an integral part of the teacher's role in inquiry-based instruction and should not be overlooked. Researchers can use the telling types to identify and describe telling practices more transparently. Practitioners can more consciously incorporate and discriminate between telling practices.

The focus of this dissertation is to explore what motivated and successful learners in grade eight and nine think motivates them to learn English in school. One aim is to find out what the learners think their own responsibilities are for their motivation. In addition, we aim to find out how the pupils regard the role of the teacher as a source of inspiration. The research was carried out with the use of qualitative interviews. The interviews took place in a booked room in the school where our interviewees attend their schooling. A questionnaire had been prepared for the interview as a frame and guide to our aim. The results show that motivated and successful learners think that they create and are responsible for their own motivation. In addition, they see the connection to and relevance of English is connected to what they do in their spare time and relevant to their future goals. Furthermore we have found that the learners think that the teacher’s role is to protect and maintain the pupils’ level of motivation.

O ensino e aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras em ambientes virtuais apresenta, como questão central de reflexão e pesquisa, os aspectos teórico-metodológicos que envolvem a concepção de cursos e, sobretudo, as mudanças no papel do professor e do aluno na sala virtual. Esta pesquisa, desenvolvida no contexto de um curso-piloto online de Introdução ao Francês como Língua Estrangeira, realizada em uma escola privada de idiomas localizada na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo, no estado de São Paulo, tem como objetivo principal discutir as questões que envolvem a concepção e a realização de um curso online de francês, predominantemente na plataforma síncrona Elluminate, sob o ponto de vista da análise papel do professor. Como princípio metodológico orientador, adotamos a pesquisa-ação, que apresenta como uma de suas características a participação do pesquisador. Para analisar e discutir os dados obtidos na pesquisa, utilizamos como referencial teórico noções ligadas à organização da Internet; ao ensinar e ao aprender virtual; a possíveis abordagens pedagógicas, dentre elas o estar junto virtual (Valente, 2003), que se aproxima da abordagem por tarefas proposta pelo Quadro Europeu Comum de Referência para Línguas (QECRL) e concretizada pela realização de Feuilles de Route (Mangenot; Louveau, 2006); aos planos e sujeitos envolvidos na elaboração e realização de um curso online. / The foreign language teaching and learning on virtual environments present, as a central reflection and research question, the theoretical and methodological aspects that involve the course design and, mainly, the changes in the role of both teacher and student in the virtual class. This research, developed in the context of an online Introduction to French as a Foreign Language pilot course, implemented at a Sao Bernardo do Campo city language institute, in the state of Sao Paulo, aims at discussing the issues that involve the design and development of an online French course, mainly on the synchronous platform Elluminate, based on the analysis of the teacher\'s role. We had the research-action as the main methodological principle, which presents the researcher\'s participation as one of its characteristics. In order to analyze and discuss the research data, we used theoretical references related to Internet organization, to virtual teaching and learning, to possible methodological approaches - for example, the estar junto virtual (Valente, 2003), which is similar to the task-based approach proposed by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and developed by the Feuilles de Route (Mangenot; Louveau, 2006) -, and to the plans and people involved in the course design and development.