Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: One of the main features of the Economic and Management Sciences (EMS) learning area is that it prepares learners to participate in an economically complex society where social justice and a healthy environment are key concerns. Teachers are faced with an important learning outcome in the EMS curriculum, namely Sustainable Growth and Development, requiring them to equip learners with an understanding of sustainability and to encourage critical reflection on the related processes. This research aims to explore EMS teachers’ underlying conceptual understanding of sustainable development and to establish how these understandings relate to their teaching practices. The meaning of sustainable development has elicited multiple and contested reactions in the literature. Many authors are in agreement that development strategies should be consistent with the planet’s resources and linked to a balance between society, economy and the environment. However, increased production and consumption resulting from neoliberal economic policies and intensified global competition invariably disturb the earth’s ecosystem. On the one hand, increased economic activity has the advantage of resource development (capital, natural and human resources) that promotes economic growth. On the other hand, this growth occurs at the expense of resource exploitation which in turn leads to environmental degradation, the erosion of cultural identities, health risks and, in many instances, unsustainable lifestyles. There is a growing consensus that knowledge and a changed mindset are required for developing an enhanced focus towards a sustainable future. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) provides the knowledge, skills, values and theories for promoting sustainable development. The research was conducted within a constructivist-interpretivist paradigm. A case study design strategy, as part of a qualitative research approach, was selected to best answer the research question. The data collection was done by means of the literature reviewed, in-depth interviews and subject-object interviews (written explanations). This was followed by the systematic categorisation and coding of the data by means of content analysis. The main finding of the study was that EMS teachers had a single focus with regard to sustainable development: their understanding predominantly related to the economic pillar of sustainable development. The interrelatedness of the economy, society and the environment to achieve sustainable development objectives was not subjected to much scrutiny. This research showed that there is a need for ESD to be integrated into the EMS discourse. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Een van die uitstaande kenmerke van die leerarea: Ekonomiese en Bestuurswetenskappe (EBW) is dat dit leerders voorberei vir deelname binne 'n ekonomies komplekse samelewing waar maatskaplike geregtigheid en ‘n gesonde omgewing ‘n kern-uitdaging vorm. Onderwysers word gekonfronteer met 'n belangrike leeruitkoms in die EBW-kurrikulum, naamlik Volhoubare Groei en Ontwikkeling, wat van hulle verwag om leerders toe te rus met 'n begrip van volhoubaarheid en om kritiese refleksie oor verwante prosesse te stimuleer. Hierdie navorsing het ten doel om die onderliggende konseptuele begrip van volhoubare ontwikkeling by EBW-onderwysers te verken en vas te stel hoe hierdie begrip betrekking het op hul onderrig praktyke. Die betekenis van volhoubare ontwikkeling het verskeie en omstrede reaksies in die literatuur ontlok. Baie outeurs stem saam dat die ontwikkeling van strategieë in ooreenstemming moet wees met die planeet se hulpbronne en gekoppel moet word aan 'n balans tussen die samelewing, die ekonomie en die omgewing. Verhoogde produksie en verbruik, as gevolg van die neoliberale ekonomiese beleid, versterk egter wêreldwye mededinging en versteur sodoende die aarde se ekosisteem. Enersyds het toenemende ekonomiese aktiwiteit die voordeel van hulpbronontwikkeling (kapitaal, natuurlike en menslike hulpbronne) wat ekonomiese groei bevorder. Andersyds vind hierdie groei plaas ten koste van hulpbronbenutting, wat weer lei tot die agteruitgang van die omgewing, die aftakeling van kulturele identiteit, gesondheidsrisiko's, en, in baie gevalle, nie-volhoubare lewenstyle. Daar is 'n groeiende konsensus dat kennis en 'n verandering in denkwyse nodig is om ‘n sterker fokus op 'n volhoubare toekoms te verseker. Opvoeding vir Volhoubare Ontwikkeling (OVO) verskaf die kennis, waardes en teorieë vir die vestiging van volhoubare ontwikkeling. Hierdie navorsing is onderneem binne 'n konstruktivisties-interpretivistiese paradigma. Om die beste antwoord op die navorsingsvraag te bied, is ‘n kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering gekies en ‘n gevallestudie-ontwerpstrategie gevolg. As deel van die data-insameling is die literatuur voortdurend verken en in-diepte onderhoude is gevoer, gevolg deur geskrewe verduidelikings. Hierna is die sistematiese kategorisering en kodering van die data deur middel van 'n inhoudsanalise gedoen. Die belangrikste bevinding van die studie was dat die EBW-onderwysers 'n enkele fokus gehad het ten opsigte van volhoubare ontwikkeling: hul begrip het hoofsaaklik betrekking gehad op die ekonomiese pilaar van volhoubare ontwikkeling. Daar was deurgaans 'n gebrek aan kritiese refleksie oor die interverwantskap tussen die ekonomie, die samelewing, die omgewing en die wyse waarop die doelwitte van volhoubare ontwikkeling bereik kan word. Hierdie navorsing het getoon dat daar 'n behoefte bestaan om OVO binne die EBWleerarea te integreer.

Nationwide, higher education institutions are increasingly interested in infusing sustainability content into their curricula. The world is facing complex and interconnected problems creating a need for college graduates with an understanding of the ecological, economic, and social dimensions of sustainability. There is a shortage of research studying sustainability-related teaching practices, particularly in higher education contexts. The University of Vermont (UVM) recently established Sustainability Learning Outcomes (SLOs) as a general education requirement. As a result of this initiative, sustainability-designated courses are offered across the university that fulfill the requirement, creating a unique opportunity to explore related teaching practices. The purpose of this study was to explore how instructors structured and taught the SLOs, how students learned UVM's SLOs, and which teaching practices students found helpful to their learning, within courses designed to meet this general education requirement. To systematically gather people's perceptions of and experiences with the new general education requirement, this study used the following methods: 1) instructor interviews; 2) course document reviews; 3) classroom observations; 4) student focus groups; and 5) an online student survey. Data were collected from eight sustainability-designated courses. The variety of data collection methods enabled identification and triangulation of strong themes. Instructors used class discussions, papers, readings, projects, guest speakers, case studies, and reflective activities to teach sustainability content and skills. Students reported the following teaching practices as particularly helpful: experiencing a real world application, discussing sustainability issues in class, exploring different perspectives, and hosting guest speakers. Moreover, certain instructional methods may be better received with students with prior exposure to sustainability content. Findings suggest that learning from case studies, guest speakers, and written papers may be more helpful to students with higher levels of prior exposure to sustainability courses. This study's findings add to what we know about how instructors teach sustainability content and students' experiences of their teaching practices. They also suggest a number of implications for policy and practice around supporting professional development opportunities in teaching practices and assessment strategies, creating a teaching culture of experimentation and reflection, and using a variety of methods to assess teaching and learning.

La présente recherche vise à décrire les pratiques d’enseignement de la littératie au premier cycle du primaire en contexte montréalais d’enseignants considérés experts. Plus précisément, les trois objectifs de recherche consistent à décrire les pratiques d’enseignement de la langue écrite au premier cycle du primaire en contexte montréalais privilégiées par certains enseignants considérés experts (N=6) (objectif 1); à décrire les différentes formes de différenciation pédagogique privilégiées pour l’enseignement de la lecture et de l’écriture en contexte montréalais de certains enseignants considérés experts afin de répondre aux besoins variés de tous leurs élèves (objectif 2) et à étudier les liens possibles entre les pratiques d’enseignement de la langue écrite d’enseignants considérés experts et la progression de leurs élèves (N=100) du premier cycle du primaire en contexte montréalais, au regard de leur connaissance des correspondances phonographiques et de la norme orthographique (objectif 3). Afin de répondre aux objectifs, deux entretiens ont été menés auprès des enseignantes, de même que deux observations en classe, une à l’automne et une au printemps. Pour leur part, les élèves ont été soumis à deux tâches d’écriture à deux reprises durant l’année (une tâche de production de mots et une tâche de production de texte) permettant de mesurer leur progression en cours d’année relativement à leurs connaissances des correspondances phonographiques et de la norme orthographique. Nos résultats nous ont permis de recueillir des pratiques très diversifiées et conduites avec une fréquence fort différente d’une enseignante à l’autre. La densité des contenus abordés en classe diffère également beaucoup entre les enseignantes. En lien avec le modèle du multi-agenda de Bucheton et Soulé (2009), les cinq composantes constituant la matrice de l’activité de l’enseignant se retrouvent dans toutes les classes, mais ces préoccupations n’occupent pas toutes la même place dans les pratiques des enseignantes de la recherche. Nos résultats indiquent aussi que toutes les enseignantes différencient leur enseignement, mais de façon variable. Il semble que ce soit la différenciation des processus, des contenus et des structures qui soit la plus aisée à mettre en place en classe. En lien avec notre adaptation du modèle de différenciation pédagogique de Caron (2008), il semble que ce soit la diversification et l’offre de choix qui sont mobilisées le plus fréquemment. Les mesures d’adaptation sont rarement mises en avant dans les pratiques de classe, tandis que les mesures d’individualisation n’ont pas été constatées. En ce qui a trait aux résultats des élèves aux tâches en écriture, nos résultats indiquent que deux groupes se démarquent parmi les six. En effet, c’est dans ces deux classes que la plus forte progression est constatée. Les pratiques des enseignantes de ces deux classes sont très diversifiées et elles sont les seules à mettre en avant dans leurs pratiques tous les dispositifs dont il est question en entretiens. De plus, les contenus enseignés sont denses, ce qui est réputé pour caractériser les pratiques des enseignants efficaces (Hall, 2003). De même, ces deux enseignantes offrent un étayage de grande qualité à leurs élèves et maîtrisent parfaitement le pilotage des tâches. La présente recherche peut servir à apporter un éclairage nouveau sur les pratiques de littératie des enseignants considérés experts afin de mieux comprendre leurs pratiques, de même que la place qu’ils accordent à la différenciation pédagogique. / The present research document aims to describe the practices of literacy of teachers considered as experts in an early elementary school context in Montreal. Specifically, the three research objectives of our work are as follows: describe the teaching practices applied to written language used by some teachers considered as experts (N = 6) in an early elementary school context in Montreal (objective 1); describe the various types of differentiated teaching selected by some teachers considered as experts in a Montreal-specific context to teach reading and writing skills according to the varying needs of their students (objective 2); and investigate possible links between the teaching practices applied to the acquisition of writing skills used by teachers considered as experts and the progress made by their students (N = 100) in the first cycle of elementary school in a Montreal, in terms of their knowledge of phonographic relationships and the spelling standard (objective 3). In order to meet these goals, we conducted two interviews with teachers, and ran two classroom observations, one in the fall and the other in spring. For their part, students were subjected to two writing tasks twice during the year (one aimed at word generation and the other at text production) to measure their progress during the year as it relates to their knowledge of phonographic relationships and to the spelling standard. Results showed that teaching practices as well as frequency vary greatly from one teacher to another. The richness of the material presented in class also differs greatly. In accordance with the multi-agenda model of Bucheton and Soulé (2009), the five components of the activity matrix of the teacher were found in all classes, but did not have the same importance for every one of the teachers engaged in our research. The results also indicate that all teachers differentiate their teaching, although at varying degrees. It seems that differentiation of processes, of contents and of structures is the easiest factor to implement in the classroom. In line with our adaptation of Caron’s model of differentiated instruction (2008), it seems that the elements that were most mobilized were diversification and the offering of choices. Adaptation measures were seldom emphasized in classroom practices, while no measures of individualization were observed. In regard to student performance in writing tasks, our results indicate that two groups stand out among the six. Indeed, it is in these two classes that we observed the greatest increase. Practices used by the teachers in these two classes were very diverse and they were the only ones who used all of the methods discussed in interviews. Furthermore, the content of the course was rich, a characteristic of effective teaching practices (Hall 2003). Similarly, these two teachers offered their students a high quality scaffolding and mastered coaching tasks. This research can be used to shed new light on the practices of literacy used by teachers that are considered as experts in order to better understand these practices, as well as the importance given to differentiated instruction.

L’objectif général de cette thèse est d’étudier le rôle de la syllabe dans l’entrée dans l’écrit des élèves de grande section de maternelle par le biais d’une tâche d’écriture inventée. Il s’agit tout d’abord d’examiner les pratiques didactiques des enseignants de grande section à l’aide d’un questionnaire portant les unités de langues les plus employées dans la découverte de la langue (lettre/son, syllabe et mot) et dans les domaines d’activités de la lecture, de l’écriture et de l’oral. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l’unité la plus employée en lecture et en écriture est le mot, alors que l’unité de l’oral est la syllabe. Partant de ce constat, nous avons cherché à connaître l’impact que pourrait avoir un travail oral basé sur la syllabe sur les productions écrites des élèves. L’ensemble des données obtenues est en faveur de l’hypothèse selon laquelle les élèves prennent en compte des éléments de l’oral (lettre, son, syllabe) pour coder des énoncés oraux à l’écrit. De plus, les résultats montrent l’usage de six traitements qui sous-tendent l’entrée dans l’écrit démontrant que ce n’est pas un processus unique et que de nombreux paramètres peuvent conduire l’élève à traiter un énoncé oral de diverses manières. Dans une dernière partie, nous avons mené une étude de didactique expérimentale basée sur la syllabe orale dans le but d’observer les effets d’un entraînement régulier à la syllabe orale sur les productions écrites des élèves. Les résultats ne permettent pas de valider l’hypothèse selon laquelle la syllabe serait l’unité pivot de l’entrée dans l’écrit en grande section de maternelle, mais montrent néanmoins certains effets de l’intervention.L’objectif général de cette thèse est d’étudier le rôle de la syllabe dans l’entrée dans l’écrit des élèves de grande section de maternelle par le biais d’une tâche d’écriture inventée. Il s’agit tout d’abord d’examiner les pratiques didactiques des enseignants de grande section à l’aide d’un questionnaire portant les unités de langues les plus employées dans la découverte de la langue (lettre/son, syllabe et mot) et dans les domaines d’activités de la lecture, de l’écriture et de l’oral. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l’unité la plus employée en lecture et en écriture est le mot, alors que l’unité de l’oral est la syllabe. Partant de ce constat, nous avons cherché à connaître l’impact que pourrait avoir un travail oral basé sur la syllabe sur les productions écrites des élèves. L’ensemble des données obtenues est en faveur de l’hypothèse selon laquelle les élèves prennent en compte des éléments de l’oral (lettre, son, syllabe) pour coder des énoncés oraux à l’écrit. De plus, les résultats montrent l’usage de six traitements qui sous-tendent l’entrée dans l’écrit démontrant que ce n’est pas un processus unique et que de nombreux paramètres peuvent conduire l’élève à traiter un énoncé oral de diverses manières. Dans une dernière partie, nous avons mené une étude de didactique expérimentale basée sur la syllabe orale dans le but d’observer les effets d’un entraînement régulier à la syllabe orale sur les productions écrites des élèves. Les résultats ne permettent pas de valider l’hypothèse selon laquelle la syllabe serait l’unité pivot de l’entrée dans l’écrit en grande section de maternelle, mais montrent néanmoins certains effets de l’intervention. / The aim of this thesis is to study the role of syllable at early learning of writing for kindergarten pupils by the means of an invented spelling task. First of all, in fields of activities such as reading, writing and oral examination, it is a matter of examining the didactic practices of kindergarten teachers thanks to a questionnaire carrying the most employed units used in the discovery of languages (letter/sound, syllable and word). The results show that the most employed unit in reading and writing activities is the word, whereas the unit of the oral examination is the syllable. On the basis of this report, we sought to know the impact of an oral work based on the syllable, upon pupils’ written productions. All obtained data is in favor of the assumption according to which, the pupils take into account elements of the oral examination (letter, sound, and syllable) to code oral statements in their writings. Moreover, results show the use of six treatments, which underlie the early learning of writing, and show that it is not a single process, and that many parameters can lead the pupil to treat an oral statement in various ways. Eventually, we conducted a study of experimental didactic work based on the oral syllable, aiming to observe the effects of a regular training for oral syllable upon the written productions of the pupils. The results do not make it possible to validate the assumption according to which, the syllable would be the pivot unit of the entrance in writing at kindergarten, but nevertheless show certain effects of the intervention.

Tomando como ponto de partida a crítica às perspectivas que fazem prevalecer os aspectos estáveis dos gêneros discursivos em detrimento da fluidez que os relativiza, a presente pesquisa dá relevo aos elementos instáveis desse processo conjugando, a um só tempo, traços contínuos mais propensos à referida estabilização dos gêneros e descontínuos mais afeitos àquilo que chamo de instabilidade genérica. Do ponto de vista do processo de produção dos gêneros do discurso, a instabilidade genérica se inscreve no texto segundo diferentes marcas enunciativo-discursivas, assinalando pontos de ruptura e evidenciando um funcionamento marcado mais pela permanente incompletude do que pela pretensa fixidez de seus contornos. Parte-se da análise de corpus constituído por um conjunto de 84 textos produzidos, no ano de 2006, por professoras alfabetizadoras em um curso de formação (promovido pela Prefeitura Municipal de Cubatão-SP) chamado Letra e vida. Por ocasião desse curso, foi solicitado às participantes que redigissem, como atividade inicial, suas memórias de alfabetização, textos a partir dos quais elas deveriam reconstruir, preferencialmente de forma literária, as lembranças do tempo em que foram alfabetizadas. A partir dessa proposta, em que já se depreende um primeiro traço da instabilidade genérica (o diálogo com a esfera literária), delineia-se uma tensão inicial entre as memórias propriamente ditas, tomadas aqui, ao menos em um de seus sentidos, como processo de registro das lembranças, e os memoriais, gêneros efetivamente produzidos, tomados, neste caso, enquanto produto, ainda que provisório, daquele registro. Buscando comprovar que a instabilidade genérica é a propriedade definidora do gênero memorial, são eleitos metodologicamente dois campos de observação para a análise dos memoriais: o campo das vozes das memórias, em cujos domínios a instabilidade genérica manifesta-se no modo pelo qual as relações intergenéricas se marcam no fio textual-discursivo dos memoriais os gêneros do discurso sempre em vias de se tornarem outro gênero - e o campo do tempo das memórias, domínio no qual a instabilidade genérica é captada por meio do traço mais singular dos memoriais aqui analisados: o inescapável diálogo estabelecido entre o passado e o presente. Esses dois aspectos possibilitam situar o regime de instabilidade do gênero memorialístico, segundo a dinâmica constitutiva dos encontros (e eventuais sobreposições) de diferentes vozes e de diferentes temporalidades. Além da defesa da instabilidade genérica para o gênero memorial, o trabalho abre, ainda, a possibilidade de ampliar essa constatação para outros gêneros do discurso. / Considering the criticism of perspectives as a starting point which causes the stable aspects of genres at the expense of fluidity that relativizes, this research emphasizes unstable elements combining process, at the same time, continuous lines - more prone to that stabilization of genres - and discontinuous and used to what I call generic instability. From the production of genres discourse point of view, the generic instability falls within the text as reported by different enunciative-discursive marks, indicating breaking points which prove a functional permanent incompleteness marked by the supposed fixity of its contours. This research starts with the corpus analysis of a group of 84 texts produced in 2006, by kindergarten teachers taking a course called Letra e Vida which was sponsored by Cubatão City Hall. In the beginning, this group of teachers was asked to draft some of their memories from the time when they first started to learn how to write considering literacy (ability to read and write) forms if possible. From that point, in which appears from a first feature of the generic instability (dialogue with the literary sphere), an initial tension is outlined between the memories themselves, at least in one of its senses as a memory recording process and memorial genres actually produced and seen as a product of that record. Furthermore, in order to prove that the generic instability is the defining property of the memorial genre, two fields of observation are chosen methodologically with the purpose of analyzing memorials such as the voices of memories field in which the domain of generic instability manifests itself through intergeneric ways and are marked in the text and the memorial discourse lines - the speech genres always follow routes that turn them into another genre and the time of memories field, an area in which the generic instability is captured through the most unique feature seen in this research: the inescapable dialogue established between the past and the present. These two aforementioned aspects place the memorialistic gender instability system along with the constitutive dynamics of different voice encounters within different time frames. Besides the thesis of generic instability for the memorial genre, this work leaves the gap open to various other possibilities of amplifying the observation to other genres of discourse studies.

Este trabalho expõe a premência da revisão do Programa de Necessidades do edifício escolar de Ensino Médio. Para tanto identifica a necessidade de investimentos nesse nível de ensino para melhoria de seu desempenho a fim de que seus alunos sejam inseridos na sociedade conscientes dos direitos e deveres do cidadão e capazes de atuar adequadamente no mercado de trabalho. Com a finalidade de comprovar a necessidade de revisão do espaço escolar, demonstra como a arquitetura do edifício interfere no desempenho das práticas pedagógicas e na empatia do aluno com o espaço oferecido. Para tanto, associa o rendimento destes a fatores ambientais e de utilização dos espaços, evidenciados nas pesquisas junto a especialistas em educação escolar e usuários de escolas públicas e particulares. Ao final, realiza uma proposta de viabilidade para adequação de um edifício escolar público existente e, a partir daí, recomenda diretrizes para adequação da rede pública de escolas de Ensino Médio do Estado de São Paulo e construção de novos edifícios para esse nível de ensino. / This work evidences the importance to review the programming of necessities pertaining to High School building. In this sense it identifies the investments’ needs for this school level in order to improve its performance, so that it inserts the scholars in the society conscientious of the citizen’s rights and duties and capable to act properly in the job market. With the purpose to prove the necessity to review the learning and design principles for the school space, it shows how the learning facilities intervene in the performance of the teaching practices as well as in the relationship between the scholars and the offered space design. In this way, it associates the performance to environmental aspects design as well as to the use of the learning spaces, witch is evidenced through researches with education experts and public and private schools’ users. To finalize, it makes a proposal of viability for the adaptation of an existing public school building and, from this point, it recommends guidelines for adapting the present public High School network in São Paulo State and for constructing new buildings for this education level.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:32:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Abrahao.pdf: 588284 bytes, checksum: b5ce52b515f60b0320ad6d7f5b4040b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-19 / At the beginning of this century we lived a sparkle of social transformation, politics, educational and paragon transformation. In face to this scenery the needs of lecturers that knows how to brave the countless contradictions lived in classrooms harmonized with very well founded work with theoretically basis becomes indispensable for a meaningful pedagogic practice. Addressing this purpose, the Sao Paulo State Educational Office (SEE) gave priority, among their responsibilities, to the continuously development of their professionals, being such program the matter of our research which investigates the continuously formation program named TEIA DO SABER UNIVERSIDADES from Jos? Bonif?cio Teaching Directory (specifically the Reading and Learning course). Our objective is to perceive the judgment of teachers from the Public System from Jos? Bonif?cio Teaching Directory about the real contribution of the continuously formation program TEIA DO SABER with related its instructive work, as well as identifying if the proposed ends by the Educational Office were accomplished. The documental analysis of Decentralized Actions Basic Project from TEIA DO SABER Program and semi-structured interviews with the teachers establishes the resources we picked up to answer our research objectives. Our work meet in Superior Teaching area and research line, teaching of evaluation and meeting two category of analysis: a) Continuously Development: conceptions in construction and the TEIA DO SABER and b) Articulations and disarticulations of TEIA DO SABER. In our regiounal, seem to reinforce a reprodutivist perspective that theachers are considerat as mere executors of bureau oractics task feeding the hateful capitalisa logic, inattentive from their reality. Without preoccupation with a continuously develop- ment that leads teachers to get a critical understanding of the pedagogical reality with over coming possibilities, the program TEIA DO SABER appears consolidadte with a continuously politicies that teachers, in yours speeches, appears private appropriation itself to be insert in educational ranking . / Neste in?cio de s?culo, vivemos um borbulhar de transforma??es sociais, pol?ticas, educacionais, paradigm?ticas. Frente a esse panorama, a necessidade de docentes que saibam enfrentar as in?meras contradi??es vividas nas salas de aula aliadas a um trabalho alicer?ado com fundamenta??es te?ricas, torna-se imprescind?vel para uma pr?tica pedag?gica significativa. Para tanto, a Secretaria da Educa??o do Estado de S?o Paulo (SEE) priorizou, entre suas a??es, a forma??o continuada de seus profissionais, a qual ? objeto da nossa pesquisa que investiga o programa de forma??o continuada da SEE TEIA DO SABER UNIVERSIDADES da Diretoria de Ensino de Jos? Bonif?cio (especificamente o curso Ler e Aprender). Nosso objetivo ? o de conhecer a opini?o dos professores da rede p?blica estadual da Diretoria de Ensino de Jos? Bonif?cio, sobre a contribui??o efetiva do programa em rela??o ? seu trabalho docente, como tamb?m, identificar se as finalidades propostas pela secretaria foram atingidas. A an?lise documental do Projeto B?sico das A??es descentralizadas do PROGRAMA TEIA DO SABER e entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto aos professores s?o os recursos que elegemos para responder aos nossos objetivos. Este trabalho encontra-se na ?rea de Ensino Superior e linha de pesquisa Ensino em Avalia??o e as an?lises se apoiaram em duas categorias: a) Forma??o Continuada: concep??es e o TEIA DO SABER; b) Articula??es e desarticula??es do TEIA DO SABER. Os resultados revelam que o PROGRAMA TEIA DO SABER, em nossa regional, parece refor?ar uma perspectiva reprodutivista em que professores s?o considerados como meros executores de tarefas burocr?ticas para alimentar a nefasta l?gica capitalista, alheios ? pr?pria realidade. Sem a preocupa??o de uma forma??o continuada que os levem a fazer uma leitura cr?tica da realidade pedag?gica, com possibilidades de supera??o, o programa TEIA DO SABER parece alicer?ar-se a uma pol?tica de forma??o que refor?a a cultura da certifica??o de compet?ncias. Cultura, esta, que os professores, em seus discursos, transparecem a apropria??o privada da mesma para estarem inseridos no ranking educacional.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:32:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sonia Querino.pdf: 931382 bytes, checksum: 702782099a90c5270a3edb43c3cc4358 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-17 / This qualitative research on "Black Population, Inter-Race Relations and Training Theachers: PENESB(1995-2007)", intenta reflect on the ethnic-racial relations, education and continuous training of teachers (s), occurring in the course of post-graduate sensu lato "racial relations and education", promoted by the Faculty of Education-Program of Education on the Negro in the Brazilian Society-PENESB, of the Universidade Federal Fluminense. This proposal is anticipated to the implementation of Law 10.639/2003, whose requirement is the study of African cultures and african-Brazilian basic education. The work is embasado especially in SILV?RIO(2005;2006); SIQUEIRA(2006); BHABHA(2003); HALL(2003); OLIVEIRA(2006); MUNANGA(2004). From desk research, perform a qualitative analysis and dialectical-criticism in order to understand the process of teacher training, as well as incorporation of the racial question in this educational program in order qualify for confrontation and eradication of racism in education. The research aims to contribute to the development of educational practices focused on education, through racial relations and the construction of a school trainer and processing of critical consciousness and active. Consequently, if the racial identification, especially in the Brazilian context, it is understood as a process built historically, saying that it builds in contact, the exchange in inter-racial relations. Without fear of being black, Gypsy, Indian, Jewish ... Therefore, the research showed that to understand the "take - whether black / black" in the education context, social and political, we must consider how the process of identification is built on the symbolic, in curricular options, the metaphors that permeate the ideas prohibited pre - designed to carry however, because not always what we see in the different enchants, by contrast, often challenges us and makes us review our options and our individual values. / Esta pesquisa qualitativa sobre Popula??o Negra, Rela??es Inter-Raciais e Forma??o de Educadoras/es: PENESB (1995-2007) , intenta refletir sobre as rela??es ?tnico-raciais, educa??o e forma??o continuada de professoras(es), ocorridas no curso de p?s-gradua??o lato sensu: rela??es raciais e educa??o , promovido pela Faculdade de Educa??o - Programa de Educa??o sobre o Negro na Sociedade Brasileira PENESB, da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Esta proposta se antecipa ? implementa??o da Lei 10.639/2003, cuja obrigatoriedade incide no estudo das culturas africanas e afro-brasileiras no ensino b?sico. O trabalho est? embasado especialmente em SILV?RIO(2005;2006); SIQUEIRA (2006); BHABHA(2003); HALL(2003); OLIVEIRA(2006); MUNANGA(2004). A partir de pesquisa documental, realizamos uma an?lise qualitativa e dial?tico-cr?tica com o objetivo de compreender o processo de forma??o docente, bem como de incorpora??o da quest?o racial neste programa pedag?gico, tendo em vista capacit?-las/los para o enfrentamento e erradica??o do racismo na educa??o. A pesquisa tem por objetivo contribuir para o desenvolvimento de pr?ticas pedag?gicas voltadas ? educa??o, por meio de rela??es raciais e ? constru??o de uma escola formadora e transformadora de consci?ncias cr?ticas e ativas. Consequentemente, se a identifica??o racial, sobretudo no contexto brasileiro, ? entendida como um processo constru?do historicamente, significa dizer que ela se constr?i no contato, na troca, nas rela??es inter-raciais. Sem medo de ser negra, cigana, ind?gena, judia... portanto, a pesquisa mostrou que para entender o assumir-se negra/negro no contexto escolar, social e pol?tico ? preciso considerar como o processo de identifica??o ? constru?do no plano simb?lico, nas op??es curriculares, nas met?foras interditas que permeiam as id?ias pr?-concebidas que todavia carregamos, pois nem sempre o diferente que vemos nos encanta, pelo contr?rio, muitas vezes, nos desafia e nos faz revisar nossas op??es individuais e nossos valores.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:33:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Soares Ribeiro.pdf: 649195 bytes, checksum: c225708604a4fb0e0b22f6e5b2afd32d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-24 / This paper aims to present the practices of reading and writing proposals for a teacher of Portuguese students of 2nd year of high school and the influences of such practices in the training of these students, as regards the field of reading and writing in different situations of use. Its research problem the following question: what the students of 2nd year of high school to a public school in the city of Piracicaba, S?o Paulo, have to say about the practices of reading and writing proposals in Portuguese language classes and how they can mark the relations between these students and the reading and writing? This investigation is justified, given the poor results, as regards the competence of the uses of writing and reading for students of basic education, according to national statistics coming from the National Institute of Educational Studies. To develop the research, took into account the role of schools in the teachinglearning the mother tongue. This is a qualitative study involving observations of ten Portuguese language classes and semi-structured interviews with ten students from two rooms in the 2nd year of high school and the teacher, who teaches classes in both classes. From the speech of students, were created five categories of analysis in order to discuss the relationship with reading, writing relationship with the educational activities undertaken in the classroom, the influence of family and the expectations of students, constituting the picture of how students see reading, writing and teaching and how they perceive the learning of Portuguese language discipline in the classroom and in their lives. The interviews confirm that the practices of reading and writing in young people's lives are directly related to the use of new technologies. Likewise, the influence of family and school in the relations established between young people and reading and writing is great. The data also showed that respondents expect students to learn and consider it important to have mastery in the use of writing and, therefore, value the teacher's explanations, but want more dynamic classes, with a variety of strategies. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as pr?ticas de leitura e escrita propostas por uma professora de l?ngua portuguesa aos alunos do 2? ano do Ensino M?dio e as influ?ncias de tais pr?ticas na forma??o destes alunos, no que se refere ao dom?nio da leitura e da escrita nas diversas situa??es de uso. Tem como problema de pesquisa a seguinte quest?o: o que os alunos do 2? ano do Ensino M?dio de uma escola p?blica estadual da cidade de Piracicaba, interior de S?o Paulo, t?m a dizer sobre as pr?ticas de leitura e escrita propostas nas aulas de l?ngua portuguesa e de que maneira elas podem marcar as rela??es estabelecidas entre esses alunos e a leitura e escrita? Esta investiga??o se justifica, diante dos resultados insuficientes, no que se refere ? compet?ncia dos usos da escrita e da leitura por alunos da educa??o b?sica, conforme estat?sticas nacionais advindas do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, levou-se em conta o papel da escola no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da l?ngua materna. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, envolvendo observa??es de dez aulas de l?ngua portuguesa e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com dez alunos de duas salas do 2? ano do Ensino M?dio e com a professora, que ministra as aulas em ambas as classes. A partir das falas dos alunos, foram criadas cinco categorias de an?lise, a fim de discutir a rela??o com a leitura, a rela??o com a escrita, as atividades pedag?gicas realizadas em sala de aula, a influ?ncia da fam?lia e as expectativas dos alunos, constituindo o retrato de como os alunos veem a leitura, a escrita e o ensino e como percebem o aprendizado da disciplina de l?ngua portuguesa em sala de aula e em suas vidas. As entrevistas confirmam que as pr?ticas de leitura e escrita na vida dos jovens est?o diretamente relacionadas com o uso das novas tecnologias. Da mesma forma, a influ?ncia da fam?lia e da escola nas rela??es estabelecidas entre os jovens e a leitura e a escrita ? grande. Os dados apontaram tamb?m que os estudante entrevistados esperam aprender e consideram importante ter o dom?nio no uso da escrita e, para isso, valorizam as explica??es da professora, mas desejam aulas mais din?micas, com uma diversidade de estrat?gias.

Esta pesquisa tem por base a observação da realidade da sala de aula de quatro professoras dos anos iniciais (duas brasileiras e duas portuguesas), sendo seu objetivo investigar possíveis influências no seu desenvolvimento profissional a partir de sua participação num programa de formação contínua em Matemática o Pró-Letramento Matemática, no Brasil; e o Programa de Formação Contínua em Matemática para Professores dos 1.º e 2.º ciclos, em Portugal. Considerando as concepções e dinâmicas de formação dos professores de matemática desses países, tem-se por hipótese que os trabalhos conjuntos criados nos ciclos de conhecimento e a troca de ideias interpretadas em contextos colaborativos podem ser geradores de práticas profissionais transformadoras. A análise tem como referencial teórico a formação contínua de professores e o desenvolvimento profissional docente, o conhecimento profissional do professor, e as práticas letivas dos professores em matemática. Em termos metodológicos o estudo realiza uma abordagem qualitativa de natureza interpretativa, incluindo quatro estudos de caso, cujos instrumentos se pautam em entrevistas, questionários, observação de aulas, notas de campo e a análise documental dos materiais e planos de aula produzidos pelas docentes durante e após o curso, além dos documentos legais relativos aos processos de formação nos dois países. Os resultados evidenciam que os programas em causa contribuíram de forma significativa e diferenciada para o desenvolvimento profissional de cada uma das professoras analisadas, destacando-se três mudanças importantes nas suas práticas letivas: (i) o modo como passaram a explorar a apresentação e a resolução das tarefas atentando para o respectivo grau de desafio, (ii) a valorização da comunicação matemática por meio do estabelecimento constante de questionamentos, e (iii) a organização dos alunos na sala de aula. Contudo, sugere-se que cursos dessa natureza devem valorizar a planificação das aulas e procurar modos práticos de auxiliar o professor nesse processo. / This research is based on observing the classroom reality of four teachers of early years (two Brazilian and two Portuguese). Its aim is to investigate possible influences on teachers professional development from their participation in an in-service teacher education program in mathematics Mathematical Pro-Literacy in Brazil; and In-service Teacher Education Programme for Mathematics Teachers of the First and Second Cycles, in Portugal. Considering the conceptions and teacher education dynamics for mathematics teachers in these countries, it is conjectured that the joint work created in the cycles of knowledge and the exchange of ideas interpreted in collaborative contexts can be generators of transformative professional practices. The analysis has as its theoretical frame in the in-service education of teachers and teacher professional development, teacher professional knowledge, and mathematics teachers teaching practice. In methodological terms, the study follows a qualitative and interpretative approach, including four case studies, whose data collection instruments are interviews, questionnaires, classroom observations, field notes, and document analysis of materials and lesson plans produced by teachers during and after the course, in addition to the legal documents related to teacher education processes in both countries. The results show that the programs contributed in a significant and differentiated way for the professional development of all teachers analyzed, highlighting three important changes in their teaching practice: (i) how they began to explore the explanation and solution of tasks paying attention to their degree of challenge, (ii) the appreciation of mathematical communication through the establishment of constant questioning, and (iii) the organization of the students in the classroom. However, it is suggested that such courses should enhance the attention to lesson planning and look for practical ways to help teachers in this process.