Orientador: Elianeth Dias Kanthack Hernandes / Resumo: A leitura constitui prática reconhecidamente valorizada no âmbito da sociedade, uma vez que sua utilização remete a maior possibilidade de participação em diferentes esferas sociais. Portanto, saber ler vai muito além de saber a pronúncia das letras e a decodificação de sílabas. Por sua função social, o domínio das capacidades de leitura é uma questão de cidadania, pois possibilita a capacidade criadora e o posicionamento crítico diante da complexidade do mundo no qual estamos inseridos. Outro ponto de destaque para a pesquisa que originou este trabalho é o entendimento de que a escola é a agência por excelência de veiculação e produção desses conhecimentos. Sendo assim, ela desempenha um papel de extrema importância no processo de aquisição da leitura, e deve sempre buscar o desenvolvimento leitor de seus alunos, de forma plena, por intermédio das tematizações das práticas sociais de leitura e escrita proporcionadas no contexto escolar. Nesta perspectiva, este estudo está centrado no tema da formação de alunos leitores e das práticas de professores alfabetizadores que são destinadas a esta formação. O ensino da leitura, por muitas décadas, foi baseado em métodos caracterizados pelo progresso passo a passo, ou seja, decorava-se o alfabeto, soletrava-se, decodificavam-se palavras isoladas, frases e por fim textos. O estudo partiu do pressuposto que este é um caminho que se distancia das concepções sobre o ensino da leitura defendidas por autores: Ferreiro e Teberosky (1999), S... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Reading is a recognised practice within society, as its use refers to the greater possibility of participation in different social spheres. Therefore, knowing how to read goes far beyond knowing the pronunciation of letters and the decoding of syllables. Due to its social function, the mastery of reading skills is a matter of citizenship, since it enables the creative capacity and critical positioning in the face of the complexity of the world in which we are inserted. Another highlight of the research that originated this work is the understanding that the school is the agency par excellence for conveying and producing this knowledge. Therefore, it plays an extremely important role in the process of acquisition of reading, and should always seek the reader development of its students, fully, through the themes of social practices of reading and writing provided in the school context. From this perspective, this study is centred on the subject of the training of student readers and the practices of literacy teachers that are intended for this training. The teaching of reading, for many decades, was based on methods characterised by step-by-step progress, i.e. decorating the alphabet, spelling, decoding individual words, sentences and finally texts. The study was based on the assumption that this is a path that distances itself from the conceptions about the teaching of reading advocated by authors: Ferreiro and Teberosky (1999), Smith (2003), Cadermatori (2006), Freire (2011)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Abstract  The aim of the study is to gain an understanding of how two teachers in the lower level of compulsory school, through the way they organize the teaching of reading with a focus on reading aloud, give pupils a possibility to converse about texts in order to develop an understanding of the texts. The study builds on two observations that focus on the possibilities that teachers give the pupils for conversation and the activities that deepen their understanding of the text they have read. Supplementary material consists of interviews with the two teachers. The collected material has been analysed with two analytical tools, sequential reading elements and textual mobility. The theoretical premises for the study are the sociocultural perspective (Säljö, 2012), reception theory (Rosenblatt, 2002; Langer, 2005) and Christie’s (1998) view of the teaching process in terms of macro-genres. The teachers’ comments from the study show that both teachers have the intention to ask reflective questions which give the pupils a chance for conversation at both associative and interactive level, but the observations showed that most of the teachers’ questions gave the pupils a possibility to move within the text through text-based mobility.

Thesis (M.Ed. (Language education)) -- University of Limpopo, 2018 / The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation of curriculum in the teaching of reading and writing in the Sepedi Home Language in the Mankweng Circuit of Limpopo Province. This result from the fact that intermediate learners are struggling to read and write in the Sepedi Home Language, and as a result are incompetent when reading and writing even in their language of teaching and learning, namely English. This signifies that mastering to read and write in the Sepedi Home Language, is likely to enable learners to read and write better in English as a language of teaching and learning. Of a huge surprise, the struggle to read and write in Sepedi Home Language occurs with every cohort of learners registered in the Intermediate Phase. For this reason, the study is designed to evaluate the manner in which Sepedi curriculum is being implemented in schools to address and respond to challenges of inability to read and write by intermediate Sepedi learners. This is a case study covering three primary schools and it is located within the qualitative research approach and phenomenology. The collection of data was done through individual face-to-face interviews, document study and diagnostic assessments. Each of the three schools forwarded three categories of research participants, namely, an HOD, a teacher and a parent whose child was doing Sepedi in the Intermediate Phase. Findings revealed that overcoming reading and writing inability by the intermediate learners needs to be a joint stakeholders’ effort. In addition, inadequate Sepedi materials and resources for intermediate learners need to be the apex priority by the Department of Basic Education. In view of the shared research results, the study recommends that there be well-coordinated participation of all stakeholders in the development of skills associated with reading and writing for the Sepedi Home Language Intermediate learners. Lastly, the study recommends that intermediate Sepedi learners be offered an opportunity to participate in Sepedi essay writing competitions wherein they are first given pamphlets and posters in Sepedi as a clue. Finally, the Sepedi Home Language needs to be equally protected and promoted just like it is the case with English from the Intermediate Phase upwards.

What influences the evolution of junior school reading programmes in the classrooms of beginning teachers? Of all the classroom skills required of beginning teachers, those contributing to the implementation of an effective instructional reading programme perhaps represent some of the most complex and sophisticated challenges that will be encountered. Add to this the critical importance to young children of successfully learning to read and the very obvious picture of reading progress revealed by modern assessment practices, and the result is an aspect of teaching that can assume a position of significant focus. This is especially true for teachers working with junior school children. This study investigated the current practices of three junior school teachers during their first two years teaching, how these practices have evolved over time and identifies the factors that have influenced each teacher. Participants' stories were gathered during individual interviews to establish current practices and these were compared with a typical sample of classroom reading instruction that had been captured on video prior to the initial interviews. Each teacher also participated in an individual follow up interview during which they were able to observe the sample video excerpt and comment reflectively upon their practice in the light of their observations. This study found that developing effective junior school reading programmes generated considerable angst for these beginning teachers. While they were able to draw upon preservice preparation when articulating their intentions, the transition from the abstractions of theory to the realities of classroom practice challenged their teaching skills in this fledgling stage of their career. Despite an apparent commitment to guided reading as emphasized in pre-service literacy courses, each participant implemented round robin reading as their initial teaching strategy. In order to implement reading pedagogy as advocated within their pre-service experiences, the emergence of a professional conscience appears to have been critical. The way that teachers' understanding of literacy acquisition consolidates is greatly influenced by their practical classroom experiences and the personal capacity that they bring to the teaching role. The findings of this study support Berliner (1994) and Huberman (1989) because each of the teachers could be placed on a trajectory of teacher development. However stage related views of professional development do not fully reflect the complexity of individuals combined with the uniqueness of their contexts. The broader perspective highlighted in the work of Nias (1989) provided a framework more accommodating of the realities encountered during this study.

Thesis (M.A.T.)--University of Texas at El Paso, 2008. / Title from title screen. Vita. CD-ROM. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:49:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MILENE_02_01_2011.pdf: 352306 bytes, checksum: cacf2ffe9413bf0e2b2f7b36495af8f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-17 / We understand that it is the function of the school, as a formal institution, to encourage and incentivate the habit of reading. This is important for developing competent readers and consequently for the formation of independent and proficient readers. Thus, the present research had the purpose to check on how the school contributes to the development of readers. It analyzed how the educators participate in this process, their concepts relating to working with reading, and how the State Board of Education São Paulo deals with this question. The methodology used for this research was qualitative research, limited to case studies. The subjects of the research, by means of semi-structured script interviews, included: the management team, four teachers (of which three were active in classrooms and one teacher responsible for the reading room). For the theoretical foundation, we used the concept of reading as a sense production and as a concrete social function. For the collection of data, we used the text analysis (education plan for the school, lesson plans and reading projects the school developed, and also the official curriculum) with the subject of Reading and Text Production. Having obtained the data, we proceeded with the analysis that revealed the necessity for such reflections, by the school staff, concerning its implementation. We concluded it was necessary for a direction to be defined, having clear objectives about reading work to determine the starting point and to know where we wanted to arrive, according to explicit theoretical estimates. Also shown was the necessity of rethinking improvements of educational policies, because forming competent readers is to guarantee that they make use of the reading as a process of social interaction. This is the desired contribution of this work. / Entendemos que cabe à escola, como instituição formal, favorecer a prática e incentivo à leitura. Tal procedimento é importante para o desenvolvimento da competência leitora e, consequentemente, à formação de leitores autônomos e proficientes. Assim, a presente pesquisa, teve a finalidade de verificar como a escola contribui para a formação de leitores, analisa como a equipe escolar age nesse processo, quais são suas concepções do trabalho com leitura, e como a Secretaria de Estado da Educação do estado de São Paulo trata esta questão. A metodologia utilizada caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa, com delineamento de estudo de caso. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa, por meio de entrevistas com roteiros semi-estruturados: a equipe de gestão, quatro professores, sendo, três atuantes em sala de aula e um responsável pela sala de leitura. Para o embasamento teórico, nos utilizamos das concepções de leitura como produção de sentido e como função social concreta. Para a coleta de dados, servimo-nos da análise documental (Proposta Pedagógica da escola, Planos de Aulas, projetos de leitura que a escola desenvolve. E ainda, Resolução da Matriz Curricular com a disciplina, Leitura e Produção de Textos). De posse dos dados, procedemos as análises que revelaram a necessidade de reflexões, por parte da equipe escolar, em relação à sua prática, que um direcionamento precisa ser definido, tendo objetivos claros em relação ao trabalho com leitura, que há que se determinar o ponto de partida e saber aonde se quer chegar, segundo os pressupostos teóricos explicitados. Revelaram também, a necessidade de se repensarem melhorias de políticas educacionais, pois formar um leitor competente é garantir que ele faça uso da leitura como processo de interação social. Esta é a contribuição pretendida com este trabalho.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:54:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MILENE_02_01_2011.pdf: 352306 bytes, checksum: cacf2ffe9413bf0e2b2f7b36495af8f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-17 / We understand that it is the function of the school, as a formal institution, to encourage and incentivate the habit of reading. This is important for developing competent readers and consequently for the formation of independent and proficient readers. Thus, the present research had the purpose to check on how the school contributes to the development of readers. It analyzed how the educators participate in this process, their concepts relating to working with reading, and how the State Board of Education São Paulo deals with this question. The methodology used for this research was qualitative research, limited to case studies. The subjects of the research, by means of semi-structured script interviews, included: the management team, four teachers (of which three were active in classrooms and one teacher responsible for the reading room). For the theoretical foundation, we used the concept of reading as a sense production and as a concrete social function. For the collection of data, we used the text analysis (education plan for the school, lesson plans and reading projects the school developed, and also the official curriculum) with the subject of Reading and Text Production. Having obtained the data, we proceeded with the analysis that revealed the necessity for such reflections, by the school staff, concerning its implementation. We concluded it was necessary for a direction to be defined, having clear objectives about reading work to determine the starting point and to know where we wanted to arrive, according to explicit theoretical estimates. Also shown was the necessity of rethinking improvements of educational policies, because forming competent readers is to guarantee that they make use of the reading as a process of social interaction. This is the desired contribution of this work. / Entendemos que cabe à escola, como instituição formal, favorecer a prática e incentivo à leitura. Tal procedimento é importante para o desenvolvimento da competência leitora e, consequentemente, à formação de leitores autônomos e proficientes. Assim, a presente pesquisa, teve a finalidade de verificar como a escola contribui para a formação de leitores, analisa como a equipe escolar age nesse processo, quais são suas concepções do trabalho com leitura, e como a Secretaria de Estado da Educação do estado de São Paulo trata esta questão. A metodologia utilizada caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa, com delineamento de estudo de caso. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa, por meio de entrevistas com roteiros semi-estruturados: a equipe de gestão, quatro professores, sendo, três atuantes em sala de aula e um responsável pela sala de leitura. Para o embasamento teórico, nos utilizamos das concepções de leitura como produção de sentido e como função social concreta. Para a coleta de dados, servimo-nos da análise documental (Proposta Pedagógica da escola, Planos de Aulas, projetos de leitura que a escola desenvolve. E ainda, Resolução da Matriz Curricular com a disciplina, Leitura e Produção de Textos). De posse dos dados, procedemos as análises que revelaram a necessidade de reflexões, por parte da equipe escolar, em relação à sua prática, que um direcionamento precisa ser definido, tendo objetivos claros em relação ao trabalho com leitura, que há que se determinar o ponto de partida e saber aonde se quer chegar, segundo os pressupostos teóricos explicitados. Revelaram também, a necessidade de se repensarem melhorias de políticas educacionais, pois formar um leitor competente é garantir que ele faça uso da leitura como processo de interação social. Esta é a contribuição pretendida com este trabalho.

Högläsning är ett vardagligt moment under barnens skoldag. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur ett urval lärare som är verksamma i både årskurs1 och årskurs 3 säger sig arbeta med högläsning och om, och i så fall varför, deras arbete med högläsning skiljer sig åt mellan de två årskurserna. Det teoretiska ramverket som ligger till grund för studien är det sociokulturella perspektivet. Enligt det sociokulturella perspektivet är det samspelet mellan människor som ger oss kunskap. Under högläsningsundervisningen är samspelet mellan läraren och eleverna av stor vikt och läraren behöver stötta eleverna för att de ska komma vidare i sin utveckling.  För att besvara studiens syfte användes en kvalitativ metod och fem semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med lärare verksamma i årskurs 1 och 3. För att analysera den insamlade datan gjordes en tematisk analys. I resultatet framkom det att lärarna hade en positiv syn på högläsning och samtliga upplevde högläsningsarbetet som viktigt för att utveckla elevernas läsförmåga. För lärarna är högläsning en självklarhet och i studiens analys framkommer det att lärarna alltid har ett syfte med sin högläsning. Även om lärarna arbetade på olika sätt kunde många likheter identifieras i upplägget och i syftet med högläsningsundervisningen. Det framkom även att högläsningsundervisningen inte ändras speciellt mycket mellan årskurs 1 och 3. Den största skillnaden lärarna gjorde var att de anpassade nivån på undervisningen till respektive årskurs. / Reading aloud is an everyday activity during the children's school day. The aim of the study is to investigate how a sample of teachers working in both Year 1 and Year 3 say they work with read alouds and whether their work with read alouds differs between the two year groups, and if so, why. The theoretical framework underlying the study is the sociocultural perspective. According to the sociocultural perspective, it is the interaction between people that gives us knowledge. When reading aloud, the interaction between the teacher and the students is of great importance and the teacher needs to support the students in order for them to progress. To answer the purpose of the study, a qualitative method was used and five semi-structured interviews were conducted with teachers working in grades 1 and 3. To analyse the collected data, a thematic analysis was conducted. The results showed that the teachers had a positive view of reading aloud and all of them felt that reading aloud was important for developing the students' reading skills. For the teachers, reading aloud is a matter of course, and the study's analysis shows that the teachers always have a purpose for their read alouds. Although the teachers worked in slightly different ways, many similarities could be identified in the approach and purpose of the lessons. It was also found that the teaching of reading aloud did not change very much between year 1 and 3. The main difference between the years was that the teachers adapted the level of difficulty to each grade.

Att inneha fonologisk medvetenhet är grunden i att utveckla läsning. Fonologisk medvetenhet innebär förmågan att urskilja de ljud som finns representerade i språkets ljudsystem. Fonologisk medvetenhet har en underkategori som kallas fonemisk medvetenhet. Det innebär att barnet kan urskilja språkljud eller fonem i ett ord. För lärare i årskurs F–3 är det intressant att ta del av vilka undervisningsmetoder som lärare i förskoleklass använder för att främja fonologisk medvetenhet. Studien har en kognitiv utgångspunkt och resultaten analyseras efter modellen Phonological awareness intervention beyond the basics (Schuele & Boudreau, 2008). Studiens insamlade material består av fyra intervjuer med förskoleklasslärare. Intervjusvaren har tematiserats under rubrikerna undervisning, möjligheter och utmaningar. Resultatet visar att lärarna använder undervisningsmetoderna FonoMix och Läsresan, men komplettera med Bornholmsmodellen. Lärarna använder konkret material som stöd för att hjälpa eleverna att lära in språkljuden. Lärarna anser att deras fonologiska undervisning är positiv för nyanlända elever och elever med svårigheter att uttala språkljud. Slutsatsen är att undervisningsmetoderna ger ett bra underlag för undervisning inriktad på fonologisk medvetenhet. Som lärare bör man dock vara uppmärksam på att ingen dessa undervisningsmetoder är fonologiskt komplett, utan bör kombineras med andra metoder för att få en mer omfattande fonologisk undervisning.

The overall aim of this study is to analyse and describe reading ability from the second to sixth year of schooling in Sweden (ages 8–13). An intro­ductory study presents the pupils’ reading profiles and also the extent to which teaching in reading comprehension is given at their schools. In a second study, the results and effects of the national test in Swedish in grade three (age 9) are studied and compared with other recognised test data on the development of children’s reading. A total of 428 pupils at four schools participated in the study. Each child was tested once a year during two consecutive school years. In addition to collecting results on the national test for all the pupils in their third year, standardised tests of word decoding ability and reading comprehension were administered to all students in the study. A questionnaire dealing with teaching reading and skills development was answered by 23 teachers. The study reveals that there are stronger links between phonological tasks and reading comprehension for pupils in their first three years than for those in years 4–6. The study also shows that the national test identifies some pupils with reading difficulties but not all of them. A number of pupils who have problems with word decoding nevertheless attain the national test threshold for reading comprehension tasks in the third year. There are also pupils who cannot manage the age-adapted reading comprehension tasks but who still pass the national test in their third year. The findings reveal that teachers work with reading comprehension exercises to only a small extent in both the first three years and second three years of schooling. The study indicates the importance of using a diagnostic approach, so that early and effective measures can be adopted to prevent the emergence of reading comprehension problems.