Conservation of wood-decaying fungi requires improved knowledge about the long-term effects of forest management; regarding habitat loss, fragmentation and fire suppression. To better understand such effects, I examined the influence of area, isolation, fire history and forest stand characteristics on communities of wood-decaying fungi. Species richness and composition were studied along a gradient of 22 forested islands varying in size (0.16 to 17.58 ha) and fire history (spanning 5000 years) in a boreal forest archipelago in northern Sweden. A total of 490 records of 41 polypore species were found in 33 circular plots, each 0.1 ha in size. Species richness and the number of red-listed species were analyzed using generalized linear models (GLMs), while species composition was examined using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination. The species composition was clearly different between recent-fire (< 300 years since last fire) and old-fire (≥ 300 years since last fire) islands, mirroring the shift in tree species composition as pine-associated fungal species were replaced by spruce-associated fungal species. The volume of logs was the only variable influencing the species richness, although the diversity of logs showed a clear trend of also influencing species richness positively. The results demonstrate the importance of having both recent-fire and old-fire forests as landscape-level habitats and species pools, where fire naturally would constitute a key role for maintaining forest biodiversity in the boreal forest landscape. The results also stress the importance of dead wood for species richness at the individual forest stands.

This thesis challenges the position that the serek texts are primarily prescriptive and legal, as they have been customarily defined. It argues that the term serek should be reconceptualized according to descriptive analysis, with the purpose of creating what C. Newsom terms a ‘Gestalt structure.’ In order to achieve this, four serek texts (M, S, Sa, and D) will be analyzed at three literary levels—semantic, textual and hypertextual—explaining how the elements at these levels interact as cohesive wholes, thus serving to create a more complete picture of this group of texts as a literary unity. Thus, while the separate, constituent semantic, textual and hypertextual parts must be analysed as separate elements, the fundamental questions posed regarding these elements will be different in a Gestalt paradigm as compared to a traditional, definitional analysis. Going from the micro to the macro, the first chapter will look at the serek texts through the ‘microscope’ of close philological analysis, examining how the term serek functions atomistically within the Dead Sea Scrolls. Building upon these results, the second chapter will more broadly analyse the structure, themes and narrative apparent in the serek texts, thus creating a fuller understanding of how the serek texts relate to one another and respond to circumstances in community life. Finally, the last chapter seeks yet more broadly to understand the serek texts in the wider literary milieu of the Second Temple Period. Here, a scribal technique present in the serek texts will be compared to a similar technique used in the Book of Isaiah—arguably the most important prophetic work for the Qumran sectarians.

This thesis challenges the position that the serek texts are primarily prescriptive and legal, as they have been customarily defined. It argues that the term serek should be reconceptualized according to descriptive analysis, with the purpose of creating what C. Newsom terms a ‘Gestalt structure.’ In order to achieve this, four serek texts (M, S, Sa, and D) will be analyzed at three literary levels—semantic, textual and hypertextual—explaining how the elements at these levels interact as cohesive wholes, thus serving to create a more complete picture of this group of texts as a literary unity. Thus, while the separate, constituent semantic, textual and hypertextual parts must be analysed as separate elements, the fundamental questions posed regarding these elements will be different in a Gestalt paradigm as compared to a traditional, definitional analysis. Going from the micro to the macro, the first chapter will look at the serek texts through the ‘microscope’ of close philological analysis, examining how the term serek functions atomistically within the Dead Sea Scrolls. Building upon these results, the second chapter will more broadly analyse the structure, themes and narrative apparent in the serek texts, thus creating a fuller understanding of how the serek texts relate to one another and respond to circumstances in community life. Finally, the last chapter seeks yet more broadly to understand the serek texts in the wider literary milieu of the Second Temple Period. Here, a scribal technique present in the serek texts will be compared to a similar technique used in the Book of Isaiah—arguably the most important prophetic work for the Qumran sectarians.

Thesis (doctoral)--Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. / Thesis documentation sheet inserted. Appendix reprints four papers and manuscripts co-authored with others. Includes bibliographical references. Also partially issued electronically via World Wide Web in PDF format; online version lacks appendix .

Both the “crisis of masculinity” and “quality TV” have been popular discourses in academia in recent years. Many of these contemporary quality TV series feature male anti-heroes at the center of their narratives. This dissertation argues that the constructions of masculinity in series such as "Breaking Bad" and "The Walking Dead" are informed by the Western hero. Furthermore, the dissertation links this recourse to an arguably outmoded model of masculinity to recent crisis tendencies in the USA, most notably the recent economic downturn and the aftermath of September 11 2001. Moreover, the return of the Western hero can be understood as a process of remasculinization in light of the crisis of masculinity.

L'initiation d'Henri Beyle à la solitude et à la mort se passe essentiellement dans la chambre de la « mère morte, » dans une intimité à la tonalité érotique. La présente étude a le projet d’analyser l'univers de la représentation inconsciente de Stendhal à partir d'un thème unique : celui de la chambre de la « mère morte », remplie du sentiment de la solitude et de la mort. La spécificité de son expérience de la chambre poursuit Henri Beyle la vie durant, et se reflète dans son univers romanesque. Les images poétiques, résultant des situations symboliques de la chambre, de la solitude et de la mort, sont nombreuses et expriment un processus inconscient de l'écriture stendhalienne. Que l'on fasse de la mort un accomplissement de la solitude, de la solitude une approche de la mort, la mort est envisagée par Stendhal comme un retour. La chambre est à la fois le point de départ et le point d'arrivée. Dans le monde imaginaire recherché par les héros stendhaliens se trouve toujours la chambre de la « mère morte ». L'art devient un moyen de surmonter le complexe de la mort. C'est dans l'écriture romanesque qu'Henri Beyle retrouve la place vide de sa mère et une chambre à soi. / A seven-year-old child, not yet mature enough to comprehend the meaning of death, cannot mourn the loss of his mother, is cruelly punished by his aunt. That boy is Stendhal. Henri Beyle's realization of the images of solitude and death is mainly portrayed in his dead mother's bedroom, which has an erotic and incestuous atmosphere. This study explains the universe of Stendhal's unconscious representation, beginning with this unique theme: his dead mother's room which is filled with the feeling of solitude and death. The specific experience of the room continues to obsess Henri Beyle throughout his life, and his literary works are impelled by the memories or the images of his mother. The poetic images, resulting from the symbolic situation of the room, and obviously solitude and death, are numerous, and express an unconscious process of Stendhal's writing. Whether we consider death as a circumambulation around the theme of solitude, or whether we consider death as what lies inside solitude, death is regarded by Stendhal as a way to get back to his mother. His dead mother's room is both the starting and the ending point. At the heart of the imaginary work sought by Stendhal's protagonists, mother's room is easily found. Art then becomes a way to overcome the obsession with death. It's in the romantic writing that Stendhal found the empty space left by his mother, and his own room. This is the originality of Stendhal's piece.

Focusing on the Tsachila, Amerindians of western Ecuador, this thesis examines how competing "common knowledge" accounts of the afterlife (conventional Tsachi, Catholic, and Protestant) are related to experiences of encounters with ghosts. Inspired by conversation analysis it advocates the study of these encounters through close attention to how accounts of them are constructed in conversation, from which they emerge as inherently disruptive and resistant to any definitive interpretation. From this starting point a descriptive account is given of the ways in which these anomalous experiences form the background to everyday life among the Tsachila. Experiential associations are identified linking ghosts with the circadian patterns of sound, light and sociality. Next the thesis examines and compares a selection of myths depicting the dead and animals and it is shown that the boundaries between myth and everyday life and between the living and the dead are uncertain and subject to revision in the light of experience. They cannot be taken for granted but must be constantly reinforced. An example of such reinforcement is provided by the Tsachi celebration of the Catholic Day of the Dead, and it is shown how this intersects with and is inflected by Tsachi attitudes to the dead and their disposal. In the final chapter a selection of accounts of personal encounters with ghosts is examined to reveal ways in which the common knowledge previously discussed is shaped, deployed and contested in the context of these accounts. It is suggested, in conclusion, that personal experience of this kind cannot be treated as simply a cultural expression, but that it exerts a motivating and disruptive force on thought and action.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T21:42:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edison Ferreira.pdf: 996193 bytes, checksum: 9a7adaca02c655c959d97340f206adff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-11 / This study confirmed that there is the substitution of labour for the work alive dead, described by Karl Marx and other important scholars, the EC ABC, eletroeletronic Brazilian company in the sector (segment of the industrial enterprises established in Brazil, responsible for the production of equipment that serve brown line that brings together the products: Televisions, Monitors, Video, Audio, breeding and / or writers of Versatile Disc or video - DVD and compact disc - CD), initially in its National Service Department and then in Posts Services accredited its National Network Services, according to the informatization and change of the model of management of knowledge which led to the which could be leading to a loss of jobs and the Intellectual Capital jobs in the service accredited in Post Services accredited and the loss of quality in the services offered by the PSC to customers and dealers. Adopted is the form of exploratory research of this phenomenon, currently still little examined, in 120 PSC in Brazil.(AU) / O presente estudo confirmou a existência da substituição do trabalho vivo pelo trabalho morto, descrita por Karl Marx e outros importantes estudiosos, pela EC ABC, empresa do setor eletroeletrônico brasileiro (segmento das empresas industriais estabelecidas no Brasil, responsáveis pela produção de equipamentos que atendem a linha marrom que congrega produtos como, Televisores, Monitores de Vídeo, Áudio, reprodutores e/ou gravadores de Disco de Vídeo Versátil - DVD e Disco Compacto - CD), inicialmente no seu Departamento de Serviços Nacional e em seguida, nos Postos de Serviços Credenciados da sua Rede de Serviços Nacional, em função da informatização e mudança do modelo de gestão do conhecimento o que ocasionou a descapitalização intelectual nos Postos de Serviços Credenciados e a perda de qualidade nos serviços oferecidos pelos PSC aos clientes e revendedores. Adotou-se a forma de pesquisa exploratória deste fenômeno, atualmente ainda pouco examinado, em 120 PSC no Brasil.(AU)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:20:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rogerio Costa Miglioni.pdf: 1133457 bytes, checksum: 3b0df0a792b8e97954ff83479d6ca8c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The intention of this research was to describe, and analyse death ceremonies and collective representations of Brazilian Catholics regarding death and mourning. Our objective was to study the symbolic systems developed in several societies, by starting from tribal cultures, then moving to Early Christianity from the period just before and after the institutionalisation process that gave birth to Catholic Christianity. We analysed both, the Catholic practices and representations related to death and dying, in the Middle Ages, as well as in the Modern and Contemporary times both in Europe and Brazil. We also aimed to depict death rites as a way to give meaning to life, and of keeping and reinforcing social cohesion found whenever death takes a member of a given society, thus provoking disruption and social unbalance. By doing this research on Catholic death rites we had as a goal to develop a little more the knowledge about a social and religious phenomenon that is seldom approached by researchers, the death of the believer, and Catholic groups death practices, their customs and speeches about the dead. Nevertheless, we cared to do all of these in the Brazilian scenery, a setting that grows more and more urban and secular.(AU) / Esta pesquisa procurou descrever, analisar e comparar as cerimônias mortuárias e as representações coletivas de católicos brasileiros da morte e do luto. Tivemos por objetivo estudar os sistemas simbólicos desenvolvidos em várias sociedades, começando com as culturas tribais, passando depois para o cristianismo dos primeiros séculos, antes da instauração do processo de institucionalização que originou o cristianismo católico e durante ele. Analisamos as práticas e representações católicas relacionadas com a morte e o morrer, na Idade Média, Idade Moderna e Contemporânea, tanto na Europa como no Brasil. O objetivo também foi apresentar os ritos mortuários como formas de dar sentido à vida, de reforçar e manter a coesão social, em que indivíduos vivem constantemente os desarranjos gerados pela presença da morte que arrebata um dos seus semelhantes provocando um desequilíbrio social. Ao realizar tal pesquisa sobre os rituais mortuários católicos, a meta consistiu em avançar um pouco mais no conhecimento sobre um fenômeno social religioso nem sempre abordado pelos pesquisadores: a morte do crente, as práticas mortuárias dos grupos católicos, seus hábitos e discurso quanto ao morto, dentro de um cenário brasileiro que se torna cada vez mais urbano e secularizado.(AU)

La filtration membranaire est une technique séparative utilisée fréquemment comme procédé permettant de retenir et d'extraire les microorganismes présents dans un fluide. Le mécanisme de sélectivité classiquement admis dans ce procédé est l'exclusion par la taille. Cependant, nos travaux ont permis de mettre en évidence un transfert de microorganismes à travers la structure poreuse des membranes au cours d'opérations de filtration, alors que les dimensions des cellules vivantes en suspension sont supérieures au diamètre moyen des pores de la membrane, entrainant une diminution du taux de récolte des microorganismes et une contamination de la phase perméat. Les caractéristiques morphologiques et nanomécaniques des cellules bactériennes sélectionnées pour nos travaux ont été observées et les propriétés du matériau membranaire modèle ont été mesurées. Grâce à ces informations, le transfert des bactéries aux premiers instants d'une filtration frontale a pu être évalué et le rôle de différents paramètres opératoires appliqués (type de souche bactérienne, composition physico-chimique de fluide filtré, PTM) a pu être commenté. Ainsi, nos résultats ont permis de préciser les mécanismes de sélectivités appliqués aux bactéries à Gram positif et à Gram négatif qui différent du fait des caractéristiques structurales de la paroi bactérienne (épaisseur et élasticité de la couche de peptidoglycane). Enfin, l'évolution du transfert de cellules vers la phase perméat a également été suivie et la mise en place du dépôt bactérien colmatant à la surface de la membrane a été observée. Le rôle de ce dépôt structuré sur les variations de débit et de transfert a donc pu être mis en évidence pour les trois modèles bactériens sélectionnés. Nos résultats ont permis de définir des conditions critiques (physiques, chimiques et biologiques) pour lesquelles le transfert de cellules bactériennes par déformation est amplifié au cours d'une filtration membranaire frontale. / Membrane filtration is a separation technique commonly used as a method for removing and extracting microorganisms present in a fluid. The selectivity mechanism is size exclusion. However, our work has highlighted transfer of microorganisms through the porous membrane structure during filtration operations, even if the size of the living cell in suspension is greater than the average pore size of the membrane, resulting in lowering of the accumulation rate of the microorganisms and thus contamination of the permeate phase. Morphological and nanomechanical characterization of selected bacteria cells used for our work were performed and the properties of the model membrane were analyzed. With this information, the transfer of bacteria dunring the first moments of the dead-end filtration has been evaluated and the role of operating parameters (type of bacteria strains, physicochemical composition of filtered fluid, TMP) has been studied. Thus, our results have clarified the selectivity mechanisms applied to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains because of different structural characteristics of the bacterial cell wall (thickness and elasticity of the peptidoglycan layer). Finally, evolution of cells transfer to the permeate phase has also been followed, and the bacterial deposit clogging the membrane was observed. The role of the structured deposit on the variations in flow and transfer has been demonstrated for the three selected bacterial models. Our results have defined critical conditions (physical, chemical and biological) where the transfer of bacterial cells is amplified by deformation during a frontal membrane filtration.