Název práce v anglickém jazyce: The model of constitutional judiciary in the Czech republic My Master's degree thesis deals with the constitutional judiciary model in the Czech republic. The aim of my work is mainly to describe the present functional Czech judicial control of constitutionality, give a short insight into it's history and briefly mention models of constitutional judiciary of some other countries. Besides the introduction and the conclusion the thesis consists of four parts (or chapters). In the first chapter of my work I am defining the terms: "control of constitutionality" and "constitutional judiciary" and I am writing about the history and development of constitutional judiciary on our teritory from the Habsburg monarchy till the present Constitutional Court existing from 1993. The second chapter is dealing with models of constitutional judiciary in general and shortly tries to describe it's adjustment in the neighboring countries of Germany, Austria, Poland and Slovakia. The constitutional judiciary in these states is very similar to the Czech model. To mention at least one different model I am offering a short excursion into the American "judicial review". The main part of the thesis shows the current resemblance of the constitutional judiciary in the Czech republic: it's...

Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013 / Centre for Human Rights / LLM / Unrestricted

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-05-09T21:20:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Glaucia Cobellis.pdf: 885448 bytes, checksum: 0c1efca2b5c7784caa04f3402f1dcf98 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-09T21:20:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Glaucia Cobellis.pdf: 885448 bytes, checksum: 0c1efca2b5c7784caa04f3402f1dcf98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-08 / As we begin the study of the powers of the rapporteur, we must demonstrate that it - is a legal mechanism that seeks to give effect to the process more quickly, with no individual right to mitigate and combat principles of procedural law and the constitution itself, trying to solve the crisis within the hypotheses. The decision of the rapporteur proprietorship rather than being considered a mechanism retarding system should be considered a tool that does away with inequalities, it is clear that the biggest problem we face today is the delay of trials resources in the courts where the parties expect a few years without any response and use this power only comes to realize the provision of fair judicial review, which would give quick response in resolving the crisis, and yet he is quick decision proprietorship hurts individual rights, procedural and constitutional because its application is exhaustive, that is, unfortunately can be used in some situations. / Ao iniciarmos o estudo sobre os poderes do relator, devemos demonstrar que trata de um mecanismo legal que procura dar efetividade ao processo de maneira mais célere, sem mitigar direito individual e contrariar princípios de direito processual e a própria constituição, procurando solucionar a crise dentro das hipóteses previstas. A decisão unipessoal do relator, em vez de ser considerada um mecanismo de retardamento do sistema deveria ser tida como ferramenta que acaba com desigualdades, pois é notório que o maior problema que enfrentamos atualmente é a demora dos julgamentos dos recursos nos Tribunais no qual as partes esperam alguns anos sem resposta alguma e a utilização deste poder somente vem realizar a prestação da tutela jurisdicional justa, que seria dar a resposta rápida na resolução da crise, e nem por isso esta decisão unipessoal célere fere direitos individuais, processuais e constitucionais pois sua aplicação é taxativa, ou seja, infelizmente poderá ser utilizada em algumas situações.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-05-13T18:36:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Ricardo Caires Rakauskas.pdf: 1310337 bytes, checksum: c70fb12dc7a5a334f24075283d14c6ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-13T18:36:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Ricardo Caires Rakauskas.pdf: 1310337 bytes, checksum: c70fb12dc7a5a334f24075283d14c6ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 / The work presented deepens the search for better fiscal management in Brazil, especially regarding aspects of tax enforcement carried out exclusively by the judiciary. It is not today that the exclusive system of tax collection through the judiciary is questioned, that because the statistics and scientific analysis conducted by the National Council of Justice, began to highlight the alarming figures about the accumulation of tax enforcement proceedings, in particular his horrifying scale and its low degree of effectiveness. In this sense, the search for methods and ideas that can trigger an improvement in tax collection, will always be a constant by scholars in the field. The aim in this paper is an analysis of the Brazilian tax foreclosures, especially within the Union (in order to be empirical work on the case of the Union of tax enforcement already done and because the two bills studied is applied to the federal level) on three fundamental aspects for better understanding of the theme. Under the ideological aspect refers to the study of Economic Analysis of Law School (Chicago School) that aims to respond to efficientism and pragmatism proposed by the economic analysis of law can be brought into use as a method of thought to the execution of processes tax in Brazil. For it seeks to make a detailed analysis of comparative law and other sources (practices carried out in the Brazilian law and bills that promote this revitalization of the Brazilian tax enforcement) in order to find viable alternatives to changing storage paradigm tax that is now almost exclusively judicial. Under the legal aspect we check if the jurisdiction of booking is object that promotes the exclusive competence of the judiciary to carry out tax foreclosures. Be tackled in the second chapter of this work is the jurisdiction of reserves makes the procedure of tax enforcement is under the exclusive mantle of the judiciary and there is a possibility of this procedure in its entirety or at least in part, is promoted by the Executive Branch under the attribute self-execution administrative. Responding to this first premise this study aims to verify the legality and what manner consistent with the principle of reasonableness so there is the alternative charge of tax executives through the protest of outstanding debt certificates by the Treasury in extrajudicial registry offices. To verify some obstacles in this alternative form of collection, deepens the study in a case which can properly perform a management of this collection dividing those to be charged by the judiciary in a traditional way and others who should be charged for extrajudicial registry offices through the cartographic protests. Reflecting on all this context studied, tried to suggest a scope of this practical model searched for nationwide It is thus contributing to, at least, for this alternative, reduce the number of cases resulting from this particular branch of law. By last, under the procedural aspect, seeks to analyze how best to remote from judiciary. Meets this point promote an analysis of the bills that are intended to achieve the tax collection under the administrative scope, taking in large part, the tax execution procedure within the remit of the Judiciary. Given this context, are sought-ideas, methods and systems that can hold a reinvigoration of the Brazilian tax foreclosures. Among the most consistent ideas with this revitalization is the one that proposes to examine in this study, namely, the bill establishing the Tax Transaction as an alternative method of conflict resolution and better tax enforcement management and the Bill establishing the administrative implementation of the outstanding debt of the federated entities. The research method used was the hypothetical-deductive, in analyzing the legal literature. / A obra apresentada aprofunda a busca de uma melhor gestão fiscal no Brasil, especialmente no tocante aos aspectos da execução fiscal realizada exclusivamente pelo Poder Judiciário. Não é de hoje que o sistema exclusivo de arrecadação fiscal por intermédio do Poder Judiciário é questionado, isso porque com as análises estatísticas e científicas realizadas pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça, começaram a se evidenciar os números alarmantes quanto ao acúmulo de processos de execução fiscal, especialmente pelo seu assustador volume e pelo seu baixo grau de efetividade. Neste sentido, a procura por metodologias e ideias que possam desencadear numa melhora da execução fiscal, sempre será uma constante pelos estudiosos da área. O que se pretende neste trabalho será uma análise das execuções fiscais brasileiras, sobretudo no âmbito da União (tendo em vista haver trabalhos empíricos sobre o caso da execução fiscal da União já realizados e porque os dois projetos de lei estudados são de aplicação ao âmbito federal) sobre três aspectos fundamentais para melhor entendimento do tema. Sob o aspecto ideológico remete-se ao estudo da Escola da Análise Econômica do Direito (Escola de Chicago) que pretende responder se o eficientismo e pragmatismo propostos pela análise econômica do direito podem ser trazidos para serem utilizados como metodologia de pensamento para os processos de execuções fiscais no Brasil. Para isso procura-se fazer uma análise pormenorizada do direito comparado e de outras fontes (práticas realizadas no direito brasileiro e de projetos de lei que promovam esta revitalização da execução fiscal brasileira) a fim de se encontrar alternativas viáveis para a mudança de paradigma da arrecadação tributária que hoje é quase que exclusivamente judicial. Sob o aspecto jurídico verificaremos se a reserva de jurisdição é objeto que promove a exclusividade da competência do Poder Judiciário para a realização das execuções fiscais. Cumpre responder no segundo capítulo desta obra se a reserva de jurisdição faz com que o procedimento de execuções fiscais fique sob o manto exclusivo do Poder Judiciário ou há possibilidade deste procedimento em sua totalidade ou, ao menos em parte, seja promovida pelo Poder Executivo sob o atributo da autoexecutoriedade administrativa. Respondendo a esta primeira premissa o presente estudo busca verificar a legalidade e qual a forma compatível com o princípio da razoabilidade para que haja a cobrança alternativa dos executivos fiscais por intermédio do protesto das certidões de dívida ativa pela Fazenda Pública nos cartórios extrajudiciais. Ao verificar alguns empecilhos nesta forma alternativa de cobrança, aprofunda-se o estudo em um caso prático que corretamente consegue realizar uma gestão desta cobrança dividindo aqueles que devem ser cobrados pelo Poder Judiciário de forma tradicional e outros que devem ser cobrados pelos cartórios extrajudiciais por intermédio dos protestos cartorários. Ao refletir em todo este contexto estudado, procurou-se sugerir uma abrangência deste modelo prático pesquisado para o âmbito nacional contribuindo-se, assim, para, ao menos, por esta alternativa, reduzir o número de processos decorrentes deste específico ramo do direito. Por derradeiro, sob o aspecto procedimental, procura-se analisar qual a melhor forma de promover esta desjudicialização. Cumpre neste ponto promover uma análise sobre os projetos de lei que visam realizar a execução fiscal sob o âmbito administrativo, retirando, em grande parte, o procedimento de execução fiscal do âmbito de competência do Poder Judiciário. Diante deste contexto, buscam-se ideias, metodologias e sistemas que possam realizar um revigoramento das execuções fiscais brasileiras. Dentre as ideias mais condizentes com esta revitalização está aquela que se propõe a analisar no presente estudo, qual seja, o Projeto de Lei que institui a Transação Tributária como método alternativo de solução de conflito e de melhor gestão de execução fiscal e o Projeto de Lei que institui a execução administrativa da dívida ativa dos entes federados. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o hipotético-dedutivo, em analise à literatura jurídica.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-06-14T17:42:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Pereira Braga.pdf: 759589 bytes, checksum: fc81c29639eaa4af67cd9e161a2f3d42 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-14T17:42:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Pereira Braga.pdf: 759589 bytes, checksum: fc81c29639eaa4af67cd9e161a2f3d42 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-11 / This study aims to identify alternatives that may help reduce the slowness of justice. Begins the analysis describing the causes of the slowness of justice and their overlaps as well as the effects of this delay in the face of the fundamental guarantee of reasonable duration of proceedings and challenges to its implementation , it will also read from CNJ's goals and resolutions . Then presents the evolution of public administration in Brazil, as well as the main features of administering justice through the prism of efficiency, whose concepts and meanings for public management are not the same private management. Finally, we analyze the organizational and behavioral changes necessary for the management of the judiciary is a choice of magistrates , with special emphasis on the role of leadership as a factor promoting the convergence of the group's efforts for the realization of true reform we need, that is, the posture of public, essential for concepts such as motivation, leadership , profit and teamwork are recognized and reputed valid by public managers with effective impact in practice and in the management of the public good. The research made use of the inductive method and technique of the research literature. / O presente estudo tem por objetivo apontar alternativas que possam contribuir para a redução da morosidade da justiça. Inicia-se a análise descrevendo-se as causas da morosidade da justiça e suas imbricações, bem como os efeitos dessa delonga em face da garantia fundamental da duração razoável do processo e os desafios colocados à sua efetivação, leitura que se fará também a partir das metas e resoluções do CNJ. Em seguida, apresenta-se a evolução da administração pública no Brasil, bem como as principais características da gestão da justiça sob o prisma da eficiência, cujos conceitos e significados para a gestão pública não são os mesmo da gestão privada. Finalmente, são analisadas as mudanças organizacionais e comportamentais necessárias para que a gestão do Poder Judiciário seja uma opção dos magistrados, com especial destaque para o papel da liderança como fator de promoção da convergência dos esforços do grupo para a realização da verdadeira reforma que precisamos, qual seja, a da postura dos agentes públicos, essencial para que conceitos como motivação, liderança, no resultado e trabalho em equipe sejam reconhecidos e reputados válidos pelos gestores públicos com impactos efetivos na prática e no manejo do bem público. A pesquisa realizada serviu-se do método indutivo e a técnica de pesquisa utilizada foi a bibliográfica.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2018-07-18T20:11:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos Rogério Orita.pdf: 1622892 bytes, checksum: 5c3ede7d0229b95896d00f1613a27414 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T20:11:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos Rogério Orita.pdf: 1622892 bytes, checksum: 5c3ede7d0229b95896d00f1613a27414 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Public management alone is complex. From the constitutional point of view, every public administration must respect the principles of legality, impersonality, morality, publicity and efficiency. When faced with the management of the public health system complexity becomes more pronounced, as there is another constitutional provision of universal access for all. In this same way, public hospitals face challenges in the management of their budgets, and it is the responsibility of the manager to administer in the best possible way and with the necessary efficiency and effectiveness. Hospital management represents a complexity of decisions involving many departments and skilled manpower. This paper presents a study on the legal cases that affected municipal public hospitals in the city of São Paulo. It was possible to identify nineteen hospitals administered directly and indirectly by the municipality, through the Social Health Organizations, which have greater autonomy and control of their accounts by the municipality, when compared to the state management. The research was quantitative, exploratory and documentary and used all the public information available on the website of Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, involving all judgments judged and published in the period of five years, covering 01/01 / 2012 to 12/31/2016. The result reported the existence of 499 (four hundred and ninety-nine) judgments that were classified by subject according to the role made available at the Court. The study revealed the number of judgments involving each year of each of the 19 (nineteen) hospitals surveyed, describing the type of matter brought before the São Paulo Judiciary. The research identified 61 (sixty-one) types of subjects cataloged by Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo. In view of the large number of subjects and in order to support the administrative management of hospitals, the judgments were categorized into three distinct groups, the first one related to labor issues and reflections resulting from this relationship, which represented 317 judgments (63.53%), of the total, the second in terms of services provided to patients or consumers recorded 122 judgments (24.45%) and the third group in accordance with the practices of the administration found 60 judgments (12.02%) of the total. Finally, this experiment intends to demonstrate to health managers that the information gathered from Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo can contribute to the risk management of public hospitals, which could take steps to mitigate or reduce lawsuits, possibly improving the city's budget management of the city of São Paulo. / A gestão pública, por si só, é complexa. Do ponto de vista constitucional toda administração pública deve respeitar os princípios da legalidade, impessoalidade, moralidade, publicidade e eficiência. Quando se depara com a gestão do sistema de saúde público a complexidade se acentua, pois há outra previsão constitucional de acesso universal para todos. Neste mesmo caminho os hospitais públicos enfrentam desafios na gestão de seus orçamentos, competindo ao gestor administrar da melhor forma possível e com a eficiência e eficácia necessárias. A gestão hospitalar representa uma complexidade de decisões envolvendo muitos departamentos e mão de obra qualificada. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre as causas judiciais que impactaram os hospitais públicos municipais na cidade de São Paulo. Foi possível identificar dezenove hospitais administrados direta e indiretamente pela municipalidade, por meio das Organizações Sociais de Saúde, que possuem maior autonomia e controle das suas contas pelo município, quando comparados com a gestão estatal. A pesquisa realizada foi quantitativa, exploratória e documental e utilizou-se de todas as informações públicas disponibilizadas no site do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, envolvendo todos os acórdãos julgados e publicados no período de cinco anos, englobando de 01/01/2012 a 31/12/2016. O resultado reportou a existência de 499 (quatrocentos e noventa e nove) acórdãos que foram classificados por assuntos de acordo com o rol disponibilizado pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo. O estudo revelou a quantidade de acórdãos envolvendo, ano a ano, de cada um dos 19 (dezenove) hospitais pesquisados, descrevendo o tipo de assunto levado à discussão perante o poder judiciário paulista. A pesquisa identificou 61 (sessenta e um) tipos de assuntos catalogados pelo tribunal. Em face da grande quantidade de assuntos e para fins de apoio à gestão administrativa dos hospitais, os acórdãos foram categorizados em 3 grupos distintos, sendo o primeiro relacionado às questões trabalhistas e reflexos oriundos desta relação, que representou 317 acórdãos (63,53%) do total, o segundo inerente aos serviços prestados aos pacientes ou consumidores registrou 122 acórdãos (24,45%) e o terceiro grupo condizentes às práticas da administração apurou 60 acórdãos (12,02%) do total. Por fim, esta experimentação pretende demonstrar aos gestores de saúde que as informações levantadas do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo podem contribuir para a gestão de riscos dos hospitais públicos, que poderão tomar providências com a finalidade de mitigar ou reduzir as ações judiciais, possivelmente melhorando a gestão orçamentária da prefeitura do município de São Paulo.

1 Identity and Universality of Legal Cultures in Eastern Europe Abstract Submitted thesis explores the topic of possible approximation among East European legal culture and common law legal culture. As an indicator supporting or dismissing the trend in question serves a qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of the comparative argumentation in the case law of constitutional courts of five East European countries: Russia, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Czech Republic. Firstly, the thesis explains the concept of legal culture, underlines its critique and introduces it as a fitting theoretical framework for a detailed study of constitutional comparative argumentation. The comparative argumentation and its theoretical outline are in the center of the subsequent part of the thesis which also tries to describe effects of socialist legal culture on legal argumentation before courts in the region of Eastern Europe. The comparative argumentation is then introduced as a relatively important but also an overlooked method of legal argumentation, at least in the region in question. Following these findings, the occurrence and methodological quality of comparative analysis in the case law of constitutional courts is established as a suitable indicator of potential approximation of examined legal cultures. The...

This diploma thesis deals with the topic of the independence of the judiciary, which is grasped in its full complexity. The thesis aims to answer two research questions: what techniques of influencing of the independence of the judiciary exist and how could be the resistance of the Czech judiciary against these techniques strengthened. In order to answer these two questions, thesis introduction elaborates the theory of the concept of an independent judiciary, independent court and independent judge and explains the difference between the concepts of judicial independence and judicial impartiality. After the introduction, the thesis describes in detail the steps which have been undertaken in Hungary and Poland since 2010 and which enabled to paralyze the independence of the judiciary in these states. The detailed description of the attacks against the independent judiciary helps to conceive different kinds of techniques by which can be the judiciary influenced. These techniques are categorized in the third part of the thesis. More attention is given to the court- packing technique and to the technique of disciplinary proceedings with judges. Another part of the thesis is dedicated to the second research question - how one can successfully fight against techniques of influencing an independent...

The objective of the socially and pedagogically oriented diploma thesis is to find out the social and integration benefit of the house arrest punishment. The thesis has a theoretical-empirical nature. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on professional literature with the topics of punishments, history and foreign experience with the home arrest punishment within the context of restorative justice principles. At the same time, there is defined the activity of probation officers, and the issue of alternative punishments is reflected from the perspective of social pedagogy as a life aid. Qualitative research discovering benefits and weaknesses of the home arrest punishment in the current probation practice was selected for the empirical part. There were carried out interviews with probation workers from the department of electronic monitoring system and judges who impose the home arrest punishment. There will be proposed recommendations for the efficient use of the home arrest punishment on the basis of the research.

The objective of the socially and pedagogically oriented diploma thesis is to find out the social and integration benefit of the house arrest punishment. The thesis has a theoretical-empirical nature. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on professional literature with the topics of punishments, history and foreign experience with the home arrest punishment within the context of restorative justice principles. At the same time, there is defined the activity of probation officers, and the issue of alternative punishments is reflected from the perspective of social pedagogy as a life aid. Qualitative research discovering benefits and weaknesses of the home arrest punishment in the current probation practice was selected for the empirical part. There were carried out interviews with probation workers from the department of electronic monitoring system and judges who impose the home arrest punishment. There will be proposed recommendations for the efficient use of the home arrest punishment on the basis of the research.