Orientador: Marco Antonio Alves do Valle / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T03:31:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gregato_MarciaElisadePaiva_D.pdf: 14762088 bytes, checksum: e0c9ad0964bcf746b913cef35276b5b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A presente tese apresenta como meta o estudo teórico, crítico e histórico da obra do escultor brasileiro Gastão Manoel Henrique, catalogando os trabalhos produzidos pelo artista a partir da década de cinquenta, investigando suas preocupações expressivas no contexto da história da arte na qual se encontra inserido, bem como analisando a organização formal e espacial das obras e seus procedimentos, comparando-as entre si e também alinhando-as aos trabalhos de outros artistas do período a fim de compreendê-las e classificá-las em distintas sete fases que configuram um recorte da obra do artista até o presente momento. A compreensão desse conjunto de obras se dá através do exame inicial de algumas das questões que marcam a introdução da arte moderna abstrata no Brasil dos anos cinquenta, apontando a Semana de Arte Moderna como marco inicial de nossa tradição artística, passando pela intervenção de Lúcio Costa, na tentativa de modernização da Escola Nacional de Belas Artes, que foi um dos primeiros atos do Governo Vargas com a nomeação dos diretores da área da cultura. Foram analisadas também, por sua relevância, as duas vertentes presentes e formadoras do Movimento Modernista no Brasil, sendo a primeira delas, representada por Graça Aranha, e identificada na obra de Ismael Nery no que diz respeito à aproximação dos artistas cariocas do surrealismo e dadaísmo internacionais; e a segunda, identificada na obra de Candido Portinari e representada por Mário de Andrade, tornando-se hegemônica com a revolução de 1930 e sua vinda para o Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública - MESP, na gestão Gustavo Capanema. O estudo dessas duas vertentes possibilita a identificação de suas distintas conceituações teóricas, estéticas e ideológicas, bem como o reconhecimento da proximidade que há entre o Modernismo representado por Graça Aranha e os primeiros trabalhos de Gastão Manoel Henrique, nos quais se percebe a relação com outros artistas pioneiros do modernismo internacional, entre os quais se destaca Giorgio de Chirico, de onde se atribui a presença dos motivos arquitetônicos encontrados nos desenhos dos anos cinquenta. Foram também incorporados à tese os relatos do artista acerca das influências recebidas de seu pai, Elmano Henrique, cartazista de profissão e responsável pela educação estética do jovem Gastão, principalmente no que diz respeito ao rigor na fatura artística e conceitual, características identificadas em toda sua produção. Para a compreensão e argumentação das diversas fases, foram necessários ainda o estudo das participações do artista em exposições chaves da neovanguarda brasileira introdutora da arte contemporânea no Brasil; os diálogos múltiplos estabelecidos a partir de meados da década de sessenta entre artistas e espectadores, identificados também na obra de Lygia Clark e iniciados pelo filósofo Merleau-Ponty; e ainda, a partir dos anos oitenta, a influência de Constantin Brancusi, que produziu reverberações tanto em Gastão Manoel Henrique quanto em seu amigo Sergio Camargo. As sete fases identificadas e analisadas a partir desta pesquisa constituem um trabalho inédito que pretende inaugurar na Universidade Brasileira o estudo da obra deste escultor, apontando caminhos para novas pesquisas que possam surgir nacional e internacionalmente / Abstract: A study of the work of Gastão Manoel Henrique: a hypothesis about the different phases The present thesis presents as its goal, the theoretical, critic and historic study of the work from the Brazilian sculptor Gastão Manoel Henrique, cataloguing the works produced by the artist since the fifties, investigating his expressive concerns in the historical context of the art in which he is inserted, as well as analyzing the formal and spatial organization of the works and its procedures, comparing them among themselves and also aligning them with the works of other artists of the same period in order to understand and classify them in seven distinct phases which configure an indention of the artist work until the present moment. The understanding of these set of works is done through the initial examination of some questions that characterize the introduction of the abstract art in Brazil during the fifties, taking the "Semana de Arte Moderna" (Modern Art Week) as the initial landmark of our artistic tradition, passing through the intervention of Lúcio Costa in his attempt to modernize the "Escola Nacional de Belas Artes" (Arts National School), which was one of the first acts of the Vargas Government with the nomination of a director in the area of culture. It was also analyzed, because of its relevance, the two streams present in the formation of Modern Movement in Brazil. The fist one is represented by Graça Aranha, and it is identified in the work of Ismael Nery with respect to the approximation of the artists from Rio de Janeiro to the international Surrealism and Dadaism. The second one is identified in the work of Cândido Portinari and represented by Mário de Andrade, becoming hegemonic with the 1930 Revolution and his coming to the Ministry of Education and Public Health, in the administration of Gustavo Capanema. The study of these two streams made possible the identification of its distinct theoretical conceptions, esthetics and ideologies, as well as the recognition of the proximity between the Modernism represented by Graça Aranha and the first works of Gastão Manoel Henrique, in which it is noticed the relationship with other pioneer artists of the international Modernism, among whom we find Giorgio de Chirico, from whom it is attributed the presence of the architectural motifs found in the drawings of the fifties. It was also incorporated in the dissertation the reports of the artist about the influence he received from his father, Elmano Henrique, cartoonist as a profession and responsible for the esthetic education of the young Gastão, especially in respect to the strength in the artistic fatura and conceptual, identified characteristics in his production. In order to understand and argue the many phases, it was necessary the study of the artist participation in key Brazilian neo-vanguard expositions which were the beginning of the contemporary art in Brazil; and the multiple dialogues initiated in the mid sixties between artists and the audience, also identified on the work of Lygia Clark, and started by the philosopher Merleau-Ponty; and also, beginning in the eighties the influence of Constantin Brancusi, who produced reverberations not only in Gastão Manoel Henrique but also in his friend Sérgio Camargo. The seven phases identified and analyzed on this research constitute a singular work that pretend to inaugurate in the Brazilian University the study of the work of this sculptor, showing ways for new research that might come in the national and international scenario / Doutorado / Doutor em Artes

Esta tese tem como objeto a formação e a produção do artista brasileiro Cildo Meireles entre os anos de 1963 e 1970 nas cidades de Brasília e Rio de Janeiro, e a discussão desses fatos em relação à idéia de uma ênfase em seus aspectos ambientais. O objetivo é de verifi car como a perspectiva de Brasília, idéia cunhada por Mário Pedrosa e Frederico Morais em 1967, e o desenvolvimento de um desdobramento do Programa Ambiental de Hélio Oiticica, podem ser encontrados e discutidos na obra do artista, criando uma alternativa a uma visão restrita de sua obra no panorama do conceitualismo internacional. É possível concluir, a partir de uma análise das fontes do conceito de arte ambiental, e do confronto com outros artistas (Piero Manzoni, Yves Klein, Pier Paolo Calzolari e Hélio Oiticica), que existe uma aproximação de Cildo Meireles a aspectos que se dirigem à produção de ambientes, obras e experiên cias ambientais, e que podemos considerar seu trabalho inserido dentro de uma poética ambiental, que se realizará plenamente na série Blindhotland. / This thesis has as its object the Brazilian artist Cildo Meireles formation and production between the years 1963 and 1970 in the cities of Brasília and Rio de Janeiro, and the discussion of these facts in relation to the idea of an emphasis in its environmental aspects. The aim is to verify how the Brasílias perspective, an idea brought up by Mário Pedrosa and Frederico Morais in 1967, and the development of an unfolding of Hélio Oiticicas Environmental Program, can be found and discussed in the artists work, creating an alternative to a restricted vision of his work in the international conceptualism overview. It is possible to conclude, from an analysis of the sources and the concept of environmental art, and from the confrontation with other artists (Piero Manzoni, Yves Klein, Pier Paolo Calzolari and Hélio Oiticica), that exists an approach of Cildo Meireles to the aspects which aim at the production of environments, environmental works and experiences, and that we can consider his work inserted in an environmental poetics, which will be fully accomplished in the Blindhotland series.

This work is an attempt to gain a deeper understanding of the 1960s through an in-depth analysis of selected literary autobiographies. The first section is devoted to the theoretical foundation for exploring the chosen four texts of autobiographical literature. It is based on the analysis and subsequent comparison diaries of Ivan Diviš and Pavel Juráček and the memory of Vaclav Černý and Ota Filip. Additionally, this paper examines how these writers created an image of the 1960s and early 1970s.mFurther exploration includes narrative elements, for example, by what means texts are constructed, character space time, composition, and relationship to the audience. Moreover, the meaning of writing autobiographical literature, specifically the selected works, will be explored. Lastly, these major themes set the stage for the comprehensive analysis of the authors' works, revealing the creative design, history, society and culture of their time.

Sixties was a special period in the history of Czech literature, because during these years popular literature (especially the detective stories) was written as an artistic literature. During the sixties a lot of detective novels with artistic value were written. In the past (especially during the fifties), vacation literature was considered bad. In the first half of the sixties mainly socialist detective stories were written. There were important political opinions of the author. Socialist authors celebrated police work. In the late sixties detective stories under the Anglo-Saxon tradition were written. For authors, it was important to respect the rules of writing crime fiction. They thought that crime novels people read just for fun. At the end of the sixties detective stories have never had such a good position in the literature. KEYWORDS Czech literature in sixties, vacation literature, detective novel, Anglo-Saxon detective novel, socialist detective novel.

The subject of this work is an art group of four painters that was founded in 1959 and named Experiment. Artists of this group - František Dvořák, Radoslav Kutra, Jaroslav Uiberlay and Miloslav Jemelka - were born in the late twenties of the twentieth century. They belonged to the generation of painters, who had the opportunity to study after the second world war. They also played a crucial role in the forming of artistic expression in the sixties in Czechoslovakia. The main effort of these painters was to overcome the uniformity of socialist realism. They intended to return to and evaluate the visual art produced between wars in Czechoslovakia and in Europe. The feeling of vulgarity of descriptive realism prompted many artists to establish art groups in which their ideas and thoughts were formed due to the mutual confrontation. At the turn of the fifties and sixties was established a large number of "creative groups", whose development was possible due to the Union of Czechoslovak visual artists. Although the Union still served as a strict supervisor, it also allowed many young artists to exhibit their work for the first time in public. Creative groups, along with the Experiment, which was rather small, but compact formation, had merit in the overall release of the intricate situation in the Union. The...

My master thesis examines lifestyle in the sixties of the 20th century as depicted on pages of Vlasta weekly magazine. Vlasta has been published since 1947 and thanks to the long continuity and grounding in the Czech environment, it is considered to be a traditional magazine. It has gained and maintained its broad network of readers throughout the years and is considered to be a leading magazine of Czechoslovak women during the communist era. In my thesis, I focus on the content analysis of the magazine in years 1960 - 1968. The thesis is set in a historical, social and media context. I emphasize the topics that are closely related to lifestyle. The areas that determine the lifestyle and on which I focus are, in particular, housing issues, workload, family relations, education, fashion, art and leisure time. I have also covered questions involving emancipation of women and their position in society. I also deal with the question whether the image of the lifestyle as presented by the Vlasta magazine matched the actual lifestyle of people in the sixties. In addition, I examine whether the magazine actually fulfilled the role of a weekly magazine for women, as it is well known that Vlasta was under the political supervision. The thesis is divided into two parts, the theoretical and analytical. The...

This diploma thesis is dealing with problems of Judaism during the Second World War in Czech literature, prosaic writings at the turn of the fifties and so called golden sixties of the twentieth century in particular. The thesis provides an analysis of literary output of five Czech writers: the collection of short stories Psí život by Ludvík Aškenazy, novella Bez krásy, bez límce by Hana Bělohradská, novel Krutá léta by František Kafka, the collection of short stories Mí černovlasí bratři by Ladislav Fuks and the collection of short stories Démanty noci by Arnošt Lustig. Theoretical part of this thesis specifies Judaism phenomenon during the Second World War, in the second half of fifties and in the sixties. Practical part pays attention to the subject matter of the Second World War in literature and school education and at the same time brings the analysis of chosen writings. The thesis also provides an analysis of The Framework Education Programme and worksheets as a teaching aid to help teachers and students as well to understand the problems and to achieve their goals given in FEP or didactic principles of interpretation.

O principal objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a forma dialética presente em Exércitos da Noite, uma das mais reconhecidas e ousadas obras do romancista norte-americano Norman Mailer. Publicada originalmente em 1968, Exércitos é um relato pessoal do autor sobre sua vivência na Marcha sobre o Pentágono, manifestação civil que reuniu milhares de pessoas em Washington, em outubro de 1967, em protesto contra a política americana na guerra do Vietnã. O livro, dividido em duas partes, recria, na primeira, uma perspectiva ficcional dos eventos, em contraste com a segunda, na qual Mailer procura criar uma visão histórica sobre os episódios da Marcha, recorrendo, para tanto, a técnicas de reportagem e excertos da cobertura da mídia no período, num tom fundamentalmente ensaístico. Permeando toda a narrativa, há o explosivo contexto da vida norte-americana do período, com sua cultura hippie, a emergência dos movimentos civis e a queima pública das cartas de convocação para a guerra. A presente dissertação analisa este peculiar romance à luz de textos centrais das áreas de teoria literária e estudos jornalísticos, além de evocar outros autores que, como Mailer, fizeram parte de um grande contexto renovador do jornalismo literário nos anos 1960 e 1970 chamado, genericamente, de Novo Jornalismo, de origem norte-americana e repercussões profundas, inclusive no Brasil. Com tal abordagem, intento alcançar uma melhor compreensão acerca dos mecanismos ficcionais que sustentam e aproximam os discursos jornalístico e literário, nomeadamente na obra de Mailer, que o crítico do New York Times Alfred Kazin definiu à época como um \"diário-ensaio-tratado-sermão\", com Mailer desempenhando seu dileto papel ficcional de visionário da América. / The main purpose of this issue is to investigate the dialectic form on Norman Mailer\'s acclaimed and Pulitzer-winner novel The Armies of the Night: The History as a Novel, The Novel as History, first published in 1968 as the author\'s personal account of the March on the Pentagon, a peace rally that shook Washington D.C. for three days in October 1967 and gathered thousands of civilians on a protest against the american policies concerning the Vietnam War. The book, divided into two parts, recreates, on the first, a fictional perspective of the events, while the second intends to convey a historical view on the same context, by mixing reporting techniques, excerpts from the media coverage and essayistic interventions. Throughout the whole book runs the thread of the mythic north-american background of the period, with its hippie culture, civilian movements and burned draft cards. Drawing on key authors from the literary and journalistic studies, this work pursuits a better understanding of the specific fictional procedures shared both by journalism and literature, namely on Armies of the Night, Mailer\'s new journalistic piece, that the New York Times critic Alfred Kazin defined tentatively as a \"diary-essaytract- sermon\", with Mailer playing his favorite part of the American visionary.

O presente estudo analisa as transformações por que o Bólide passa no decurso da obra de Hélio Oiticica, na qual assume diferentes aspectos de 1963 a 1980. Pode-se dizer que, mais do que configurar objetos ou mesmo proposições, o Bólide oferece possibilidades abertas a um comportamento criativo. Ele é parte constitutiva de uma dinâmica própria ao Programa de Oiticica que redimensiona e rearticula seus elementos continuamente; é na particularidade dessa dinâmica que deve ser abordado. No processo experimental do artista, a cada inscrição, o Bólide instaura uma nova significação ele possui tantas significações quantas foram suas inscrições , de modo que estudá-lo implica restabelecer constantemente articulações de significados. Primeiramente, então, o estudo aborda os Bólides cujas estruturas estão vinculadas às experiências do artista com a cor. Entende-se que essas peças ampliam os limites formais do objeto por meio do corpo da cor. Num segundo momento, a análise incide sobre os Bólides configurados a partir de materiais retirados do contexto local, tais como brita, conchas e lata. A especificidade desses elementos, conjugada com uma estrutura formal aberta, reforça o anseio de Oiticica por instaurar uma experiência artística de cunho autônomo. Em seguida, o estudo dedica-se aos Bólides relacionados com os conceitos de suprasensorial e crelazer, que se estruturam como extensões do corpo do participador e podem atingir a escala arquitetônica. Por fim, são abordados o Para-bólide e os Contra-bólides, que trazem uma nova dimensão a essa ordem propositiva. / This study analyzes the transformations that the Bólide (Fireball) undergoes throughout the work of Hélio Oiticica, when from 1963 to 1980, it takes on different aspects. It can be said that more that shaping objects or even proposals, the Bólide discloses new possibilities for a creative behavior. The Bólide is a component of dynamics inherent to Oiticicas program that continuously reshape and rearticulate its elements. It is in the peculiarity of these dynamics that it should be approached. Studying them involves a constant renewal of new mingling of meanings. First then, the study approaches the Bólides whose structures are tied to the artists experiences with color. It is perceived that these pieces expand the formal boundaries of the object by means of the body of color. In a second instance, analysis focuses on the Bólides fashioned from materials taken from the local context such as gravel, shells and tin. The specificity of these elements together with an open formal structure strengthens Oiticicas craving to implant an artistic experience with an autonomous imprint. From then on, the study is centered on the Bólides related with concepts of supersensorial and creleisure, which are structured as extensions of the participants body and may attain an architectural scale. And finally, the Para-bólide and the Contra-bólides that bring forth a new dimension to this proposed order are approached.

Este trabalho é um estudo da peça And Things that Go Bump in the Night, escrita pelo norte-americano Terrence McNally na primeira metade da década de sessenta. À luz do materialismo cultural, estabeleço as relações entre a forma e o tema da obra com as condições de possibilidade históricas existentes na época de sua escrita. A conclusão geral a que chega este trabalho é a de que o choque de coisas aludido no título é o choque entre um estágio do modo de produção capitalista que chegava ao fim e outro que se iniciava então. Em nível mais específico, demonstro que na peça de McNally já podemos detectar os rumos que os movimentos sociais tomaram - mormente o Movimento Gay - a partir da década de sessenta, como conseqüência da própria necessidade de expansão do capital. / This is a study of the play And Things that Go Bump in the Night, by American playwright Terrence McNally, written in the first half of the 1960\'s. Using cultural materialism as my theoretical basis, I try to establish the connection between forms and themes found in the play to the historical conditions by the time the play was written. My conclusion is that the \"bump\" alluded to in the title of the play is the result of the turmoil produced by the shift from a stage of capitalism to a new stage of this mode of production. More specifically, I will show that in McNally\'s work one can already detect the directions followed by the social movements of the 1960\'s - especially the Gay Movement - as a consequence of the very need for the expansion of capital.