The thesis deals with undergraduate training of kindergarten teachers. The aim is to compare the issue of preparation for the profession of kindergarten teacher from different perspectives in historical and international comparisons and reflect and analyze the needs of the profession towards initial training kindergarten teachers on the basis of theoretical concepts and statements from practice. The reaserch aims to analyze the curriculum of initial training kindergarten teachers at selected faculties of education in the Czech Republic, analyze and reflect on meeting the needs of the profession in these faculties and learn how to evaluate their students' level of development of their professional competence at the beginning of undergraduate training and at the end. Research design is a multi-case study. Working with reaserch respondents has a longitudinal character. Methods were used quantitative and qualitative methodology - questionnaire, rating scales, content analysis of documents, interview and focus group. The thesis analyzes the curriculum of undergraduate training at Faculty of Education Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Education University of West Bohemia in Pilsen and Faculty of Education University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice in the context of the model of the...

The diploma thesis deals with the topic of teachers supervision as a tool for their professional development. This area is not yet the subject of much research and is far from being theoretically covered in our context. Likewise, we can talk about "not covering" Czech schools with supervision, which is seen here as worthy of change. The general aim of this work is to give a comprehensive view of this issue and to define the place of supervision in the professional development of teachers. The theoretical part summarizes available information on this topic in our context and links these rather modest information with the relevant theory of the teaching profession and supervision. The introductory chapter is devoted to a summary of existing research in this area. In response to the above research, the following chapter is devoted to a more detailed description of the teacher's profession - its role in the context of today's society and, in particular, to describe the demands and risks of this profession, which corresponds to the needs of helping professions. Subsequently, the competencies that are needed for professional management of the mentioned tasks, demands and risks are defined, while the emphasis is on the need of the teacher as a reflective practitioner and also on the personality and...

The diploma thesis with the title Problems of beginning teachers. This deals with the issues of beginning teachers during their first years of practice and it also points out the existing forms of support which are available to young teachers in their first years. The theoretical part describes who can be considered a beginning teacher and the preparations of beginning teachers in Czech Republic and abroad. It defines key pedagogical and professional competence problems that new teachers experience at the start of their career. It offers solutions on how to deal with common issues and it also points out the forms of support which is available. The empirical part analyses specific problems which can appear at the start of their careers. Methods used for this analysis consisted of a questionnaire of 70 new teachers and the interview of 2 new teachers from the same primary school. The objective of this method is to find out the problems facing new teachers which appear in the first 3 years of their practice and to see if these issues were the same as the concerns that they had before they started teaching. It also highlights whether new teachers were offered any kind of support, if this support was satisfying and if so in which particular areas. It also finds out the competencies that every teacher...

La pénurie de personnel enseignant qualifié constatée dans les écoles québécoises depuis plus d’une décennie serait engendrée par de multiples facteurs dont un manque d’attraction de la profession enseignante, un grand nombre d’abandons de la formation initiale, le décrochage enseignant, l’augmentation des effectifs scolaires et des difficultés rencontrées par les Centres de services scolaires (CSS) pour combler des postes vacants en enseignement dans un contexte où la pénurie de main-d’œuvre bat son plein dans divers secteurs économiques au Québec. Des études menées antérieurement ont cherché à comprendre cette situation de pénurie du point de vue de l’enseignant et de celui des établissements scolaires. Cependant, peu de recherches québécoises, voire aucune, n’ont étudié le phénomène sous l’angle de la planification stratégique des ressources humaines au palier intermédiaire. Ainsi, dans la présente recherche, nous avons entrepris d’analyser un corpus de 13 documents stratégiques élaborés par trois CSS francophones entre 1998 et 2022 afin de répondre à la question suivante : quelles actions ont été planifiées dans ces documents pour assurer la disponibilité des ressources humaines en enseignement ou pour contrer la pénurie de main-d’œuvre en enseignement ? Nous avons également cherché à connaître, par entretien semi-dirigé, les points de vue des planificateurs ou gestionnaires des ressources humaines sur les liens qui pourraient exister entre les pratiques de planification des RH en enseignement et la pénurie des personnes enseignantes actuelle. L’analyse documentaire nous a permis de produire une compréhension de la pénurie de personnel enseignant au Québec, en mettant en évidence des facteurs potentiels du phénomène dans des pratiques de planification ainsi que des tendances résidant dans ces pratiques durant la période de référence susmentionnée. Ainsi, dans les documents stratégiques des trois CSS, nous avons identifié neuf activités d’attraction, 11 activités de rétention et quatre activités de développement professionnel. Considérées généralement comme des pratiques en raison de leur transversalité et leur fréquence d’apparition dans une période de référence, elles constituent un cadre d’analyse empiriquement construit de la planification des RH en enseignement dans les CSS. À la lumière des écrits scientifiques recensés, il est justifié d’avancer que l’absence ou la négligence de ces pratiques dans les processus de planification et de mise en œuvre des actions relatives à la gestion du personnel enseignant, pourrait, en quelque sorte, contribuer à créer ou à renforcer des situations de pénurie de personnel enseignant qualifié dans les trois CSS et d’autres. Pour prévenir ces situations, nous formulons cinq recommandations à l’attention à la fois des décideurs, des planificateurs, des gestionnaires, et des chercheuses et chercheurs. En outre, pour dépasser une des limites de cette recherche, à savoir un corpus documentaire exclusivement basé sur des plans stratégiques et d’autres documents accessibles, il serait utile d’y ajouter les documents produits et utilisés à l’interne par les CSS dans l’évaluation et la planification des besoins de personnel enseignant. Enfin, il est souhaitable de s’entretenir avec un plus grand nombre de planificateurs et gestionnaires des CSS afin de recueillir plus d’informations sur les pratiques réelles de planification. Cela permettrait de mettre en lumière des pratiques gagnantes de certains CSS transférables et applicables dans d’autres. / The shortage of qualified teachers observed in Quebec schools for more than a decade is attributed to multiple factors, including lack of attraction of the teaching profession, large numbers of dropouts from initial teacher education programs, teacher dropout, increased school enrollment and difficulties encountered by School Service Centers (SSC) to fill vacant teaching positions in a context where the labor shortage is in full swing in various economic sectors in Quebec. Previous studies have tried to understand this situation of shortage from the point of view of teachers and schools. However, little or no research in Quebec has studied the phenomenon from the perspective of strategic human resource planning at the middle level. Thus, in this research, we undertook to analyze a corpus of 13 strategic documents drawn up by three French-speaking SSCs between 1998 and 2022 in order to answer the following question: what actions were planned in these documents to ensure the availability of human resources in teaching or to counter the shortage of qualified teachers? We also sought to know, by semi-directed interview, the points of view of the planners or managers of human resources on the links which could exist between the planning practices of HR in education and the current shortage of teachers in Quebec schools. The documentary analysis allowed us to produce an understanding of the shortage of teaching staff in Quebec, by highlighting potential factors of the phenomenon in planning practices as well as trends residing in these practices during the reference period. Thus, in the strategic documents of the three SSCs, we identified nine attraction activities, 11 retention activities and four professional development activities. Considered mostly as practices because of their transversality and their frequency of occurrence in a reference period, they constitute an empirically constructed framework of analysis of the planning of HR in education in the SSCs. Considering the scientific literature surveyed, it is justified to suggest that the absence or neglect of these practices in the planning and implementation processes of actions relating to the management of teaching staff could, in a way, contribute to creating or reinforcing situations of shortage of qualified teaching staff in the three SSCs and others. To prevent these situations, we formulate five recommendations for the attention of decision-makers, planners, managers, and researchers. In addition, to overcome one of the limitations of this research, namely a documentary corpus exclusively based on strategic plans and other accessible documents, it would be useful to add the documents produced and used internally by the SSCs in assessing and planning teaching staff needs. Finally, it is desirable to interview a larger number of SSC planners and managers to gather more information on actual planning practices. This would help highlight the winning practices of certain SSCs that can be transferred and applied in others.

I vår vetenskapliga essä har vi gestaltat två berättelser inspirerade från verkliga händelser. Elenors berättelse har sin grund från en arbetsplats och Aylas berättelse från en praktikplats under sin lärarutbildning.  Vi kommer att dra paralleller i form av skillnader och likheter mellan våra berättelser och reflektera över dem gemensamt utifrån skolan och fritidshemmets demokratiuppdrag ur ett jämställdhetsperspektiv.  Syftet med essän är att undersöka dilemman som vi upplever i gestaltningarna och hur vi kan förstå yrkeserfarenheterna i ett annat ljus idag med hjälp av Aristoteles kunskapsformer, episteme, techne och fronesis, samt genom gemensam reflektion lära oss något. Vi vill med essän bidra med en fördjupad förståelse för lärarprofessionens demokratiuppdrag och visa på den komplexitet som det kan innebära i det praktiska arbetet när vi möter elever i lekar och aktiviteter inom fritidshemmet.  Vi har valt att komplettera vår essä med en kvalitativ metod i form av deltagande observationer och som på olika sätt har utvidgat våra förståelsehorisonter eftersom det uppstått fler gemensamma reflektioner kopplat till dilemman i gestaltningarna och till litteratur som behandlar demokrati och jämställdhet. Trots att vi har teoretiska kunskaper om demokrati och jämställdhet, samt praktiska erfarenheter inom fritidshemmet har vi konstaterat att vi kan uppleva utmaningar i arbetet med elever när det gäller hur vi genomför demokratiska procedurer och behandlar orättvisefrågor. Vi fritidshemslärare kan aldrig sluta vara nyfikna på vårt arbete och måste därför ha en vilja att utvecklas och kritiskt granska oss själva, både i vår personliga och professionella syn på demokrati och jämställdhet. En av våra slutsatser är att vår individuella syn på verksamhetens möjligheter och utmaningar kan påverka det praktiska arbetet med eleverna i en positiv eller negativ riktning och få en inverkan på elevernas upplevelse av delaktighet på fritidshemmet. / In our scientific essay we have portrayed two stories inspired by real events. Elenor's story is based on a workplace and Ayla's story from an internship during her teacher training.  We will draw parallels in the form of differences and similarities between these two stories and reflect on them together based on the school's and leisure-time center's democratic mission from a gender equality perspective.  The purpose of this essay is to examine the dilemmas that we experience with our portrayed stories and how we can understand our professional experiences today in a different light, for example with support of Aristotle's knowledge forms called episteme, techne and phronesis, and through common reflections learn something of what we have experienced. With this essay we want to contribute to a deeper understanding of the teaching profession's democratic mission and show the complexity that it can have in practice when we meet pupils in games and activities within the leisure-time center.  We have also chosen to complete the essay with a qualitative method in the form of participatory observations, which in various ways have broadened our horizons of understanding, as more joint reflections have arisen linked to dilemmas in the portrayals and to literature that deals with democracy and gender equality. Despite the fact that we have a solid theoretical knowledge of democracy and gender equality, as well as practical experience from working in leisure-time centers, we have found that we can experience major challenges in the close work with pupils when it comes to how we actually implement democratic procedures and deal with unfair issues. We leisure-time center teachers can never stop being curious about our work and therefore must constantly have willingness to develop and critically examine ourselves, both in our personal and professional view of democracy and gender equality. One of our conclusions is that our individual view of possibilities and challenges in leisure-time centers can influence the practical work with the pupils in a positive or negative direction and therefore have an impact on pupil's experience of participation.

This study reports on the practice of inclusive education in three rural disadvantaged communities within the Eastern Cape. The research focused on the development of inclusive educational practices such as teaching, assessment and support in inclusive education. Recognizing the changing needs in the teaching profession and consequently the changing needs of both in service and pre-service educators, this project was conceived as providing an insight into the response of educators to the challenges of inclusive education and the meanings that these experiences have for educators who have had practical exposure to inclusive education. The need to acknowledge barriers which have implications for planning, expectations and effectiveness of implementing inclusive education in this specific context is acknowledged. In South Africa direct support service delivery is only to a few advantaged schools and communities. Learners who are economically and environmentally disadvantaged are excluded even though they have an equal right to effective support. / Educational Studies / M. A.(Educational Management)

The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the teaching profession in primary schools of art in the 21st century in the context of curricular reform. It addresses not only the readiness of teachers to changes that the curriculum documents bring, but at the same time solves position management (role of directors) in this process. Concretizes the development of the teaching profession from the perspective of management in art schools. The research part of the thesis analyzes the selected documents school curricula, defines the content development for teachers through the training of teachers and emerging approaches of directors in this process. Dissertation will complete the topic by the recommendations of advanced training teachers for the management of teachers in art schools. KEYWORDS teaching profession, competency model, basic art education, curriculum reform, school educational program, the strategy of educational objectives, training of teachers, role and attitudes of directors

The researcher investigated ways of alleviating stress and burnout among secondary school teachers. In this regard, factors causing teacher stress and burnout, the effect of stress and burnout on the quality of teaching and learning, support structures offered by secondary schools, and coping strategies to deal with stress and burnout were relevant. A total of 20 participants consisting of 12 teachers and 8 school management team members were interviewed using individual and focus group interviews, and participant observation. Findings revealed that teachers are experiencing a range of stressors of a consistent and prolonged nature leading to burnout. The allocation of unfamiliar subjects as a stressor appeared to be a new finding not noted in any of the previous literature. Stress and burnout constitute a threat to teacher retention and effective teaching and learning. Support structures offered to teachers are inadequate, resulting in teachers using ineffective stress coping strategies. / Die navorser het maniere ondersoek om spanning en uitbranding by hoërskoolonderwysers te verlig. In hierdie verband was faktore wat spanning en uitbranding tot gevolg het, die effek van spanning en uitbranding op die kwaliteit van onderrig en leer, ondersteuningstrukture wat deur skole aangebied word, en strategieë om spanning en uitbranding te hanteer van toepassing. Onderhoude, individueel en fokusgroep, is met 20 deelnemers, 12 onderwysers en 8 lede van die skoolbeheerraad gevoer. Data is ook met deelnemerwaarneming ingesamel. Navorsingsbevindinge toon aan dat onderwysers volgehoue spanning ervaar wat tot uitbranding lei. Die toewysing van vakke waarmee onderwysers nie vertroud is nie is as ‘n bevinding geïdentifiseer wat nie algemeen in die literatuur opgeteken is nie. Spanning en uitbranding affekteer onderwyserbehoud vir die beroep en goeie kwaliteit onderrig en leer negatief. Ondersteuningstrukture vir onderwysers is onvoldoende met die gevolg dat onderwysers geneig is tot die oneffektiewe hantering van spanning. / Umcwaningi ucwaninge izindlela zokuciphisa ukucindezeleka nokushisa phakathi kwabafundisi besikole esiphakeme. Kulokhu, izici ezidala ukucindezeleka nokushisa kothisa, umphumela wokucindezeleka nokushiswa kumhangatho wokufundisa nokufunda, izakhiwo zokusekela ezininkezwa izikole zamabanga aphezulu, Kanye namaqhinga okubhekana nomphumela wokucindezeleka nokushisa kwakufanele. Ingqikithi yabangu-20 yabahlanganyeli abangothisa abangu-12 kanye namalunga eqembu lesiphathimandla sabaphathi abangu-8 besikole babuzwe imibuzo ngokusebenzisa izingxoxo zanye ngabanye kange neqembu lokugxila, Kanye nokubonwa kwabahlangayeli, Kutholakale ukuthi othisha babona ububanzi bokucindezeleka kwendalo eqhubekayo okungaholela ekusheni. Ukwabiwa kwezihloko ezingajwayelekile njengoba ukucindezeleka kubonakala sengathi kuyinto entsha engatholakali ezincwadini zangaphambilini. Ukucindezeleka nokushisa kwakha umsongelo ekugcinweni kothisa Kanye nokufundisa nokufinda okuphumelelayo. Izakhiwo zokuseleka ezinekezwa othisha azanele, ziholela kothisa besenbenzisa amaqhinga okubhekana nokucindezeleka angasebenzi. / Educational Management and Leadership / M. Ed. (Education Management)

This study reports on the practice of inclusive education in three rural disadvantaged communities within the Eastern Cape. The research focused on the development of inclusive educational practices such as teaching, assessment and support in inclusive education. Recognizing the changing needs in the teaching profession and consequently the changing needs of both in service and pre-service educators, this project was conceived as providing an insight into the response of educators to the challenges of inclusive education and the meanings that these experiences have for educators who have had practical exposure to inclusive education. The need to acknowledge barriers which have implications for planning, expectations and effectiveness of implementing inclusive education in this specific context is acknowledged. In South Africa direct support service delivery is only to a few advantaged schools and communities. Learners who are economically and environmentally disadvantaged are excluded even though they have an equal right to effective support. / Educational Studies / M. A.(Educational Management)

The dissertation deals with the topic of managing and experiencing stressful (extraordi-nary) situations in teaching in connection with selected teachers' personality traits. The thesis has a theoretical-empirical character. Its theoretical part presents some basic know?ledge related to the topics relevant to the processed issues (teacher's profession, persona?lity, motivation, emotion, workload and stress in the teaching profession context, selected teaching methods and organizational forms, recommendations for effective teaching and learning difficulties solutions, basics of artefacts symbolic interpretation). The aim of the research described in the empirical part of the thesis is to obtain the detailed information about the experience of difficult situations in teaching and the possibilities of their man?agement in connection with the personality structure of the selected teachers. The re?search was carried out in the mixed methods design. His qualitative part contains a multiple? case study (semi-structured interviews were conducted with six lower se?condary school teachers, their teaching was observed, an interview about their thematic collage on the theme Me as a teacher in all its positions and roles was conducted, and the same questionnaires were applied as for the quantitative part of the survey) and some open coded interviews about the thematic collages. In the quantitative research section, the data from four questionnaires were evaluated the orientation questionnaire for detecting stress in teachers by Henning and Keller (1996), the Stress Management Stra?tegies SVF 78 (Janke & Erdmann, 2003), the Freiburg Personality Inventory (Kollárik, Poliaková, & Ritomsky, 1984) and a questionnaire of our own design contains open questions. Most of the participants in the research study experience extraordinary situa?tions in their teaching, which usually cause unpleasant emotions and affect their teaching negatively. Particular relationships between personality characteristics and the teaching of the participants have been found. Respondents did not show a higher level of psychoso?matic disturbance, emotional lability, depressivity or neuroticity compared to the com?mon population. Neither between the level of stress feelings and the age or length of practice, no statistically significant relationship has been found. On the contrary, the male self-description and the adaptive burden management showed a mutually significant con?nection. Also, a higher level of stress impact in physical aspect of women compared to men proved to be statistically significant.