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Christus im Diskurs mit Muhammad - Das Ringen um religiöse Identität / Christ in the discourse with Muhammad - The struggle around religious identity : The discussion of the Syrian Christians with Islam with the help of well-chosen texts of Johannes Damaskenos and Theodor Abū QurraSüß, Ina 11 June 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Religion ist für viele Menschen ein wichtiger Bestandteil ihres Seins. Sie identifizieren und definieren sich über ihre Zugehörigkeit zu dieser. Jede konkurrierende Weltanschauung wird dabei meist als Bedrohung angesehen und mehr oder weniger stark in Wort, Schrift oder Tat bekämpft. Besonders die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Islam hat sich in den letzten Jahren drastisch verschärft und führt immer wieder zu heftigen verbalen oder gewalttätigen Angriffen. Das Ringen um Verständigung bzw. Abgrenzung und die damit verbundenen Konflikte und Diskussionen sind jedoch nicht neu, sondern ziehen sich wie ein roter Faden durch die Geschichte. Interessant aus heutiger Zeit ist deshalb die Erschließung der Anfangsdebatte am Entstehungsort des Islams. Auf welche Weise und mit welchen Mitteln setzten sich die unmittelbar von der arabischen Herrschaft betroffenen Christen mit der neuen Religion auseinander? Wie entwickelten sich die Argumentationsmuster in den Anfängen des Religionsdiskurses? Welche hauptsächlichen religiösen Unterschiede wurden wahrgenommen und thematisiert? Anhand einiger Texte des Johannes Damaskenos und des Theodor Abū Qurra soll diesen Fragen auf den Grund gegangen werden. / Religion is an important component of her being for many people. They identify and define themselves over her affiliation to this. Besides, every competing world view is mostly looked as a menace and is fought more or less strongly in word, writing or action. Particularly the discussion with Islam has drastically intensified during the last years and leads over and over again to fierce verbal or violent attacks. Nevertheless, the struggle around notification or demarcation and the conflicts linked with it and discussions are not new, but stretch like a red thread through the history. Therefore, interesting from today's time is the development of the beginning debate in the place of origin of Islam. In which manner and with which means did the Christians immediately affected by the Arabian rule argue with the new religion? How did the argumentation patterns develop in the beginnings of the religious discourse? Which principal religious differences were perceived and picked out as a central theme? With the help of some texts of Johannes Damaskenos and Theodor Abū Qurra should become to these questions on the reason gone.
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From constellations to autoprohibition: everything you wanted to know about Adorno's ethics (but were afraid to ask Zizek)Webb, Dan Unknown Date
No description available.
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Vers une théorie critique du cinéma : la question de l’idéologieMoquin-Beaudry, Ludvic 08 1900 (has links)
L’histoire du concept d’idéologie est riche des différentes définitions qui ont tenté de le circonscrire, en tension entre la description de visions du monde et la dénonciation de la « fausse conscience ». Chez les penseurs regroupés sous le nom d’ « École de Francfort », l’idéologie en vient à équivaloir au phénomène de l’industrie culturelle, c’est-à-dire la mise au service de la raison technique dans la production de la culture. Le statut du cinéma est intéressant à cet égard : non seulement est-ce un art né à l’époque industrielle et indissociable des possibilités techniques offertes par celle-ci, mais il a été mobilisé pour de nombreuses entreprises propagandistes, plus ou moins subtiles. La question directrice de l’interrogation est donc la suivante : selon la théorie critique de l’École de Francfort, le cinéma peut-il être considéré comme de l’art ou est-il confiné au domaine de l’idéologie ? Autrement dit, le cinéma peut-il revendiquer un statut qui ne ferait pas de lui qu’un support de la domination de l’humain par l’humain ? / The history of the concept of ideology is rich in different definitions that have attempted to circumscribe it, in a tension between the description of different worldviews and the denunciation of “false consciousness.” For the thinkers grouped under the name “Frankfurt School” ideology comes to equate the phenomenon of the Culture industry, that is to say, technical reason put at the service of the production of culture. The status of film in interesting in this regard: not only is it an art born in the industrial age and inseparable from the technical possibilities offered by the industry, but it has also been used for numerous, more or less subtle, propagandist undertakings. The leading question of our inquiry is thus the following: according to the critical theory of the Frankfurt School, can film be considered as a genuine form of art or is it confined to the realm of ideology? In other words, can film claim a status which would not make it solely a support of human-over-human domination?
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From constellations to autoprohibition: everything you wanted to know about Adorno's ethics (but were afraid to ask Zizek)Webb, Dan 06 1900 (has links)
This project is centered on two primary concerns. First, to reformulate Adornos notion of ethical subjectivity in a way that allows for a clearer articulation of his normative position, and second, to make it more relevant to our contemporary social context and advances in social theory. My claim is that we can achieve this by rejecting Adornos philosophical method (negative dialectics and constellations) by reading his ethics through the lens of ieks method which I am calling autoprohibition. As I will show, autoprohibition is ieks strategy for breaking the deadlock of the dialectic of enlightenment and its accompanying defeatist politics by developing a dialectical theory that neither rests on pure negation nor falls into the totalising and reifying trap of orthodox Marxism. It is in the context of autoprohibition that one can rearticulate Adornos normative imperatives (specifically, the imperative to end suffering, and to recognise the truth-content of the body) without these imperatives being negated by the totalising dictates of the dialectic of enlightenment. The best way to redeem the important normative components of Adornos formulation of ethical subjectivity is to reject its underlying philosophical method and resituate it in another. I frame this methodological shift as one from constellations to autoprohibition, which allows for a more positive articulation of Adornos ethics; a plan for actively practising an ethical life vs. one premised on the rejection of participating in an unethical system (which Adornos ethics amounts to on my account).
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La querelle du positivisme au sein de la sociologie allemandeMaheu-Moisan, Maxime 07 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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Entre miragem e sucumbência : os homens de areia de Hoffmann, Kirchhoff e HerrndorfAraujo, Monique Cunha de January 2015 (has links)
Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, drei Werke aus verschiedenen Epochen der deutschen Literaturgeschichte zu analysieren: Der Sandmann (1816), von ETA Hoffmann, Der Sandmann (1992), von Bodo Kirchhoff und Wolfgang Herrndorfs Sand (2011). Die Beziehungen zwischen ihnen können auf drei Ebenen festgestellt werden: auf der Narratologischen, auf der thematisch/metaphorischen Ebene und auf der der Identität. Die erste Ebene bezieht sich auf die Gemeinsamkeiten aus einer strukturellen Sichtweise als Metafiktion, Multiperspektivität und wechselnde Stimmen, die die Elemente des unzuverlässigen Effekts des Erzählers erzeugen. Auf der thematisch/metaphorische Ebene kann das Visuelle dem Sand-Element zugeschrieben werden, sowohl als konstitutives Element der Wüste, in der Luftspiegelungen geschehen, als auch als Sand-Korn in den Augen, was zu der Metapher der verzerrten oder erfundenen Visionen konvergiert. Zum Dritten bezieht sich die Identitätsebene vor allem auf die Konstruktion von Identität durch die Sicht der Anderen, die in den Büchern einem Zusammenbruch des Ichs gleichkommt, indem das Ich sich destabilisiert und kollabiert. Die Protagonisten dieser Werke repräsentieren vor allem den Menschen als ein unwiderrufliches Subjekt des Werdens. / Esta dissertação tem como propósito analisar três obras de diferentes momentos na história literária alemã: O homem de areia (1816) de E.T.A Hoffmann, O homem de areia (1992) de Bodo Kirchhoff e Areia (2011) de Wolfgang Herrndorf. O relacionamento entre elas se dá em três níveis distintos: narratológico, temático/metafórico e identitário. O primeiro refere-se aos pontos em comum do ponto de vista estrutural, como a metaficção, a multiperspectividade e a alternância de vozes, que são elementos generativos do efeito inconfiável dos narradores. No plano temático/ metafórico, podem se arrolar a questão visual atribuída ao elemento da areia que, tanto como elemento constitutivo do deserto, onde miragens acontecem, quanto como um grão intruso nos olhos, converge para a metáfora da visão distorcida ou inventada. Por último, o nível identitário refere-se, especialmente, à construção da identidade a partir do olhar do outro, o que nos livros ocorre como um colapso, em que o eu se desestabiliza, resultando assim na sucumbência. Os protagonistas destas obras representam, sobretudo, o homem como sujeito irrevogável do devir.
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Tecendo saberes, articulando alianças: um estudo sobre a subjetividade contemporânea a partir das contribuições de Adorno e de GuattariXAVIER, Monalisa Pontes January 2009 (has links)
XAVIER, Monalisa Pontes. Tecendo saberes, articulando alianças: um estudo sobre a subjetividade contemporânea a partir das Contribuições de Adorno e de Guattari. 2009. 165 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2009. / Submitted by moises gomes (celtinha_malvado@hotmail.com) on 2012-04-02T18:40:19Z
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Previous issue date: 2009 / The present work aims at developing a study of the contemporary subjectivation processes, departing from the influence of the capitalist system on them. For so, a theoretical articulation will be drawn among the writings of Theodor W. Adorno – frankfurtian theorist – and Félix Guattari- theorist and institutional analyst, who acts in several domains: psychiatry, anthropology and politics. Such thinkers based their studies on subjectivity, distinctive moments of the capitalist system of production and consumption. In such articulation, we take the concepts of “individualization” and “singularity” developed by Adorno and Guattari, respectively. Therewith, we aim, by opposing the ideas of the authors, to increase the understanding over the process of constitution of contemporary subjectivity, as well as to perceive the existence of “individual” and/or “singularized” existence. It was developed a theoretical research ruled in bibliographical review of the respective authors’ writings as well as of other speakers who made possible the enrichment of understanding concerning the object of study. To reach the proposed goal, we followed some steps: in the first chapter we exposed a possible intersection between Adorno and Guattari, departing from the philosophical tendency of the ontology of the present; in the following chapter, we discussed Adorno’s theory and the process of individuation; then we went through the Guatarri’s theory and the singularization movement; at last, we looked up articulations and tried to catch a glimpse into alliances between the two theorists. By the end of the research we emphasized the need to consider each of the theories in accordance with the Theoretical-Philosophical tradition to which it is affiliated. Therefore, it is made impossible a logical articulation among what the two of them have as important for the understanding of our object. Nevertheless, it is departing from the tension and contradiction existing among them that we can reach a better understanding concerning the processes of subjectivation in the present days, which is not that about which Adorno’s reflexions would be devoted to neither the same proclaimed by Guattari. / Essa dissertação tem como proposta desenvolver um estudo dos processos de subjetivação contemporâneos a partir da influência que o sistema capitalista exerce sobre eles. Para tal, será traçada uma articulação teórica entre alguns escritos de Theodor W. Adorno – teórico frankfurtiano – e de Félix Guattari – analista institucional e teórico atuante em diversos domínios: psiquiatria, antropologia, política –, pensadores que pautaram seus estudos sobre a subjetividade em momentos distintos do sistema capitalista de produção e consumo. Nessa articulação, tomamos os conceitos de “individuação” e de “singularização”, desenvolvidos por Adorno e por Guattari, respectivamente. Com isso, objetivamos, no contraponto das idéias dos autores, ampliar a compreensão sobre o processo de constituição das subjetividades contemporâneas, bem como perceber a possibilidade de existência de subjetividades “individuadas” e/ou “singularizadas”. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa teórica, pautada na revisão bibliografia dos escritos dos respectivos autores, bem como de outros interlocutores que possibilitaram o enriquecimento da compreensão acerca do objeto de estudo. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, seguimos os seguintes passos: no primeiro capítulo expusemos uma possível interseção entre Adorno e Guattari a partir da corrente filosófica da ontologia do presente; no capítulo posterior, discutimos a teoria adorniana e o processo de individuação; em seguida, passamos para a teoria guattariniana e o movimento de singularização; e, por fim, buscamos estabelecer articulações e vislumbrar alianças entre os dois teóricos. Ao final do trabalho, enfatizamos a necessidade de considerar cada uma das teorias segundo a tradição teórico-filosófica a que se encontra filiada. Assim, torna-se impossível uma articulação harmônica entre o que as duas trazem de importante para a compreensão de nosso objeto. No entanto, é a partir da tensão e da contradição existente entre elas que podemos alcançar uma melhor compreensão a respeito dos processos de subjetivação nos dias atuais, que não é mais aquele sobre o qual se ocupavam as reflexões de Adorno e nem o mesmo proclamado por Guattari.
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Filosofická inspirace ve vybraných dílech Ladislava Fukse / Philosophy inspiration in selected works by Ladislav FuksPlašil, Šimon January 2018 (has links)
The aim of this diploma theses is to find philosophical, religious and ideological motifs in the work of Ladislav Fuks and subsequently interpret their origin, intertextuality and meaning in the text. The emphasis is put on proving the semantic functionality in the story. For our research, we have selected following works: Mr. Theodore Mundstock, The Cremator, and Addressing from the Darkness. We will study philosophical and theological literature, as well as materials from the archives and from the estate of Ladislav Fuks in order to base all the findings on the biographical author, too. The thesis is divided into five chapters. In the first chapter we deal with basic literary characteristics of the selected books and their literary reception. The second chapter discusses Ladislav Fuks' relationship to philosophy, being anchored in both his friends' testimonies and the archival research of his estate. The third chapter is the most important and the most comprehensive one since it deals with the interpretation of philosophical motifs in each of the selected books. In the fourth chapter we compare individual philosophical motifs from different works with each other. We summarize the findings at the end of the theses.
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Entre miragem e sucumbência : os homens de areia de Hoffmann, Kirchhoff e HerrndorfAraujo, Monique Cunha de January 2015 (has links)
Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, drei Werke aus verschiedenen Epochen der deutschen Literaturgeschichte zu analysieren: Der Sandmann (1816), von ETA Hoffmann, Der Sandmann (1992), von Bodo Kirchhoff und Wolfgang Herrndorfs Sand (2011). Die Beziehungen zwischen ihnen können auf drei Ebenen festgestellt werden: auf der Narratologischen, auf der thematisch/metaphorischen Ebene und auf der der Identität. Die erste Ebene bezieht sich auf die Gemeinsamkeiten aus einer strukturellen Sichtweise als Metafiktion, Multiperspektivität und wechselnde Stimmen, die die Elemente des unzuverlässigen Effekts des Erzählers erzeugen. Auf der thematisch/metaphorische Ebene kann das Visuelle dem Sand-Element zugeschrieben werden, sowohl als konstitutives Element der Wüste, in der Luftspiegelungen geschehen, als auch als Sand-Korn in den Augen, was zu der Metapher der verzerrten oder erfundenen Visionen konvergiert. Zum Dritten bezieht sich die Identitätsebene vor allem auf die Konstruktion von Identität durch die Sicht der Anderen, die in den Büchern einem Zusammenbruch des Ichs gleichkommt, indem das Ich sich destabilisiert und kollabiert. Die Protagonisten dieser Werke repräsentieren vor allem den Menschen als ein unwiderrufliches Subjekt des Werdens. / Esta dissertação tem como propósito analisar três obras de diferentes momentos na história literária alemã: O homem de areia (1816) de E.T.A Hoffmann, O homem de areia (1992) de Bodo Kirchhoff e Areia (2011) de Wolfgang Herrndorf. O relacionamento entre elas se dá em três níveis distintos: narratológico, temático/metafórico e identitário. O primeiro refere-se aos pontos em comum do ponto de vista estrutural, como a metaficção, a multiperspectividade e a alternância de vozes, que são elementos generativos do efeito inconfiável dos narradores. No plano temático/ metafórico, podem se arrolar a questão visual atribuída ao elemento da areia que, tanto como elemento constitutivo do deserto, onde miragens acontecem, quanto como um grão intruso nos olhos, converge para a metáfora da visão distorcida ou inventada. Por último, o nível identitário refere-se, especialmente, à construção da identidade a partir do olhar do outro, o que nos livros ocorre como um colapso, em que o eu se desestabiliza, resultando assim na sucumbência. Os protagonistas destas obras representam, sobretudo, o homem como sujeito irrevogável do devir.
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Entre miragem e sucumbência : os homens de areia de Hoffmann, Kirchhoff e HerrndorfAraujo, Monique Cunha de January 2015 (has links)
Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, drei Werke aus verschiedenen Epochen der deutschen Literaturgeschichte zu analysieren: Der Sandmann (1816), von ETA Hoffmann, Der Sandmann (1992), von Bodo Kirchhoff und Wolfgang Herrndorfs Sand (2011). Die Beziehungen zwischen ihnen können auf drei Ebenen festgestellt werden: auf der Narratologischen, auf der thematisch/metaphorischen Ebene und auf der der Identität. Die erste Ebene bezieht sich auf die Gemeinsamkeiten aus einer strukturellen Sichtweise als Metafiktion, Multiperspektivität und wechselnde Stimmen, die die Elemente des unzuverlässigen Effekts des Erzählers erzeugen. Auf der thematisch/metaphorische Ebene kann das Visuelle dem Sand-Element zugeschrieben werden, sowohl als konstitutives Element der Wüste, in der Luftspiegelungen geschehen, als auch als Sand-Korn in den Augen, was zu der Metapher der verzerrten oder erfundenen Visionen konvergiert. Zum Dritten bezieht sich die Identitätsebene vor allem auf die Konstruktion von Identität durch die Sicht der Anderen, die in den Büchern einem Zusammenbruch des Ichs gleichkommt, indem das Ich sich destabilisiert und kollabiert. Die Protagonisten dieser Werke repräsentieren vor allem den Menschen als ein unwiderrufliches Subjekt des Werdens. / Esta dissertação tem como propósito analisar três obras de diferentes momentos na história literária alemã: O homem de areia (1816) de E.T.A Hoffmann, O homem de areia (1992) de Bodo Kirchhoff e Areia (2011) de Wolfgang Herrndorf. O relacionamento entre elas se dá em três níveis distintos: narratológico, temático/metafórico e identitário. O primeiro refere-se aos pontos em comum do ponto de vista estrutural, como a metaficção, a multiperspectividade e a alternância de vozes, que são elementos generativos do efeito inconfiável dos narradores. No plano temático/ metafórico, podem se arrolar a questão visual atribuída ao elemento da areia que, tanto como elemento constitutivo do deserto, onde miragens acontecem, quanto como um grão intruso nos olhos, converge para a metáfora da visão distorcida ou inventada. Por último, o nível identitário refere-se, especialmente, à construção da identidade a partir do olhar do outro, o que nos livros ocorre como um colapso, em que o eu se desestabiliza, resultando assim na sucumbência. Os protagonistas destas obras representam, sobretudo, o homem como sujeito irrevogável do devir.
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