Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-29T20:12:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ellizandra da Silva Santos.pdf: 2907142 bytes, checksum: edcf99c69fcacb548f88b1787160c975 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-29T20:12:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ellizandra da Silva Santos.pdf: 2907142 bytes, checksum: edcf99c69fcacb548f88b1787160c975 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-17 / The enterprises always influenced the social organization and impacted the environment where they located. From the aggravation of this impact and major perception of it by the society and government, there is a change adopted by companies, which focus only on the economic role of job creation and taxes payment, and begins to value its paper and relationship with society and environment. How enterprises impact in the territories in which they are installed should contributed to the development. One of the ways to contribute are the actions in Business Social Responsibility, acting in social projects and environmental. This dissertation has the objective analyze the Cooperatives Solidarity Program of Recycle of the Information Center of Environment and Recycle ? Recicloteca of the Non Governmental Organization (ONG) Ecomarapendi sponsored by the with the contribution to the territorial development and social inclusion of the community where the cooperatives Coopar and Coopcarmo are located and reflect about the role of business social responsibility in the environmental and social actions. The present theme is justified because the Baixada Fluminense is an area of expressive populational and industrial concentration and presents economic growth, however the human development observed doesn?t accompanies the growth. As methodology it was used bibliographical research and interviews with the Recicloteca, cooperatives and presidents of Coopar and Coopcarmo. The participation in the program brought economic, social and environmental benefits for the cooperatives; however there is the necessity of continuity of the actions. / As empresas influenciam a organiza??o social e impactam o meio ambiente onde se localizam. A partir do agravamento desse impacto e da maior percep??o deste por parte da sociedade e governo, h? uma mudan?a na postura adotada pelas empresas, que abandona o foco dos neg?cios apenas no papel econ?mico de gera??o de empregos e pagamento de impostos, e passa a valorizar o seu papel e relacionamento com a sociedade e meio ambiente. Uma das formas de contribui??o s?o as a??es de Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, atrav?s da atua??o em projetos sociais e ambientais. Esta disserta??o tem por objetivo analisar o Programa Reciclagem Solid?ria Cooperativas do Centro de Informa??es sobre Reciclagem e Meio Ambiente ? Recicloteca da Organiza??o N?o Governamental (ONG) Ecomarapendi patrocinada por uma companhia cervejeira, localizada no Bairro de Campo Grande -RJ, como contribui??o para o desenvolvimento territorial e inclus?o social da comunidade onde as cooperativas Coopar e Coopcarmo est?o localizadas e refletir sobre o papel da responsabilidade social empresarial e terceiro setor, nas a??es ambientais e sociais. O presente tema justifica-se, pois, a Baixada Fluminense ? uma ?rea de expressiva concentra??o populacional e industrial e apresenta crescimento econ?mico, por?m o desenvolvimento humano observado n?o acompanha tal crescimento. Como metodologia utilizou-se pesquisas bibliogr?ficas e entrevistas com a Recicloteca, cooperados e presidentes da Coopar e Coopcarmo. A participa??o no Programa trouxe benef?cios econ?micos, sociais e ambientais para as cooperativas atrav?s da legaliza??o das cooperativas e concess?o de equipamentos tornaram a coleta, armazenamento e transporte dos materiais mais eficientes, por?m h? necessidade de continuidade nas a??es de apoio ?s cooperativas de reciclagem.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T16:05:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 11 DISSERTACAO _PANG mestrado 2015.pdf: 1760784 bytes, checksum: ee326c54263a5c94be60e43242801e2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / The third sector organizations are becoming increasingly indispensable in society, because it seeks to meet representative and competitive gain needs that otherwise would not be possible, therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the variables that surrounds the current market of the Association of Micro and Small Business of Cascavel - AMIC for its strategic planning from scenarios simulation. For this, concepts about the strategic planning, strategy in nonprofit organizations, strategic tools, controlling and scenarios with adaptation to the model Rojo (2006) were raised. It is understood that the organization, despite it being non-profit, needs a strategic plan to remain competitive in the market. For that purpose, it will start with the a diagnosis by strategic tools of SWOT analysis, BCG matrix, Greiner s life Cycle, Porter Five Forces Analysis and Balanced Scorecard (BSC), which were all added in the simulation of scenarios in Rojo s model (2006) for the establishment of goals and targets for each simulated scenario, which will be audited and monitored from a controlling mechanism based on BSC. The strategies formulation and their controlling assisted in the survival and competitiveness of AMIC as well as clarified and helped to deepen our knowledge on strategic planning by scenarios applied to the specifics of nonprofit organizations / As organizações do terceiro setor estão se tornando cada vez mais imprescindíveis na sociedade, pois buscam suprir necessidades de representatividade e ganho competitivo que, do contrário, não seriam possíveis, assim sendo, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as variáveis que circundam o atual mercado da Associação de Micro e pequenas empresas de Cascavel AMIC para planejamento estratégico a partir de simulação de cenários. Para isso, foram levantados os conceitos de planejamento estratégico, estratégia em organizações do terceiro setor, ferramentas estratégicas, controladoria e cenários com adaptação do modelo Rojo (2006). Entende-se que a organização, apesar de ser sem fins lucrativos, precisa de um planejamento estratégico para continuar competitiva no mercado, para isso, iniciar-se-á com o diagnóstico por meio das ferramentas estratégicas de análise SWOT, matriz BCG, Ciclo de vida de Greiner, Cinco forças de Porter e Balanced Scorecard (BSC), das quais foram agregadas na simulação de cenários conforme modelo Rojo (2006) para o estabelecimento de objetivos e metas para cada cenário simulado, que foram auditadas e monitoradas a partir de um mecanismo de controladoria baseada no BSC. Os resultados da formulação das estratégias e a controladoria auxiliaram na sobrevivência e competitividade da AMIC, bem como esclareceu e aprofundou mais sobre o planejamento estratégico por cenários aplicada nas especificidades de organizações do terceiro setor

O foco na relação entre Estado e sociedade tem influenciado a ação e a organização da Administração Pública. Verifica-se a criação de novas formas de atuação, inspiradas no postulado da democracia participativa, alterando profundamente a relação da Administração com seus agentes e com sua estrutura hierárquica, mas principalmente com seus administrados. Rompe-se o autoritarismo estatal, legitimando a participação da sociedade civil como instrumento de cidadania e, por conseguinte, da democracia. O Estado substitui a verticalidade pela horizontalidade em suas relações, não mais atuando em contraposição, mas em colaboração com a sociedade. Referido movimento decorre principalmente da consagração do princípio da subsidiariedade, da tendência do consensualismo e, por fim, da busca pelo agir estatal em função dos resultados. Com este plano de fundo, a presente dissertação vislumbra que uma das consequências da democracia participativa é o incremento do fomento estatal - de incentivo - às atividades privadas, em especial do terceiro setor. Em seguida, pontua a percepção de que a disponibilidade de recursos é escassa e de que não é possível ao Estado transferi-los a todos, alimentando a necessidade de construção de um procedimento administrativo prévio de escolha, cujas fases devem estar pautadas nos princípios da publicidade, da isonomia, da eficiência e da moralidade. Após breve histórico a respeito do fomento no Brasil, conclui pela necessidade de implantação de uma referência organizacional, não só pelo fato de à Administração Pública recair a responsabilidade de dispensar medidas legais de parcerias com a sociedade civil, como também porque a formação da relação jurídica de fomento demanda a construção de procedimentos de controle dessa atuação estatal. Ao constatar que a construção de um ambiente favorecedor da criação e do funcionamento de organizações da sociedade civil deve ser um desafio prioritário na agenda nacional, perpassando, necessariamente, pela criação de um ambiente regulatório favorável, que estimule práticas de governança e gestão, abrindo caminho para uma administração mais profissional dessas organizações e criando mecanismos de controle e transparência adequados, conclui que a implantação do novel processo de seleção denominado chamamento público, contido na Lei Federal n. 13.019/2014, após o estudo de todas as etapas que nele estão envolvidas, representa grande valia ao melhoramento da organização administrativa do Estado, consagrando maior participação e eficiências nas ações do Estado e, por conseguinte, ao desenvolvimento do Estado Democrático de Direito. / The focus on the relationship between State and society has influenced the action and organization of Public Administration. The creation of new forms of action, inspired by the postulate of participatory democracy, has profoundly altered the relationship of the Public Administration with its agents and with its hierarchical structure, but mainly with its administered ones. State authoritarianism is broken, legitimizing the participation of civil society as an instrument of citizenship and, consequently, of Democracy. The State replaces verticality by horizontality structures in their relations, no longer counteracting the performance of society, but acting as a collaborator. This movement is mainly due to the principle of subsidiarity, from the tendency of consensualism and, finally, from the state actions in the quest for results. With this background, this dissertation envisions that one of the consequences of participatory democracy is the increase of public support to private activities, especially of third sector. It then notes the perception of limited availability of public resources and that it is not possible for the State to equally distribute these resources to all interested parties, fueling the need to build a prior administrative procedure of selection, guided by the principles of transparency, isonomy, efficiency and morality. After a brief account of fomenting in Brazil, the conclusion is that there is a need to implement an organizational reference, not only because the Public Administration has the responsibility of dispensing legal measures of partnerships with civil society, but also because the formation of the legal relationship requires the development of procedures to control this state actions. Noticing that the creation of an enabling environment must be a priority in a national agenda for the start-up and operation of civil society organizations, necessarily through the origination of a favorable regulatory environment that stimulates governance and management practices, opening the way for a more professional administration of these organizations and creating mechanisms of adequate control and transparency, concludes that the implementation of the novel selection process called public call, created by Federal Law 13.019/2014, after studying all the stages involved in it, represents a great value to the improvement of the administrative organization of the State, consecrating greater participation and efficiencies in the actions of the State and, consequently, the development of the Democratic State of Law.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-27T18:44:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Edgar Reyes Junior.pdf: 1064202 bytes, checksum: d154a0cffc92aa5166e37238ee98f348 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-27T18:44:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edgar Reyes Junior.pdf: 1064202 bytes, checksum: d154a0cffc92aa5166e37238ee98f348 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-28 / Nenhuma / As relações sociais são fundamentais para a vida em sociedade. A confiança é um elemento essencial para a efetividade dos relacionamentos interorganizacionais. Embora não tenha um conceito claro, observa-se uma forte relação entre confiança e processos de interação social, nos quais ocorrem a partilha de valores. A relação social pode evoluir na direção de amizades ou conhecidos próximos (acquaintance). A confiança pode ser intermediada também pela percepção de terceiros, que é um mecanismo da reputação interpessoal, em vez da interação direta entre as partes. A confiança é analisada em seus componentes relacionais e cognitivos. O terceiro setor é constituído por organizações sem fins lucrativos que não pertencem à esfera do Estado ou do mercado. Estas organizações sem fins lucrativos são criadas e mantidas por meio da participação voluntária e visam dar continuidade às práticas tradicionais de filantropia. Elas estão próximas às comunidades locais para compreender suas necessidades. Estas relações sociais podem influenciar no apoio ao terceiro setor. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi Compreender como se estabelecem as relações sociais em uma rede de instituições apoiadoras ao terceiro setor. Para alcançar este objetivo foi necessário analisar as relações entre apoiadores e instituições do terceiro setor; identificar os aspectos estruturais da rede de apoiadores da instituição do terceiro setor; verificar os elementos formadores das relações sociais estabelecidas na rede; e, analisar as características determinantes da reputação dos atores na rede. Trinta e três apoiadores da Parceiros Voluntários em Bento Gonçalves foram entrevistados. A técnica do incidente crítico e a análise de redes sociais foram utilizadas para analisar os dados coletados nas entrevistas. Há diferentes motivos para o apoio a organizações do terceiro Setor, que podem ser definidos como motivos institucionais, pessoais e racionais. A presença de uma entidade local atribui credibilidade à organização do terceiro setor. Os atores centrais da rede também são ligados à instituições sociais. Os atores em uma rede se agrupam a partir de características particulares destes indivíduos. Sobre as relações sociais, inicialmente fica clara a diferença entre a amizade e a amizade de negócios. A auto revelação é o elemento que distingue as relações de amizade e amizade de negócios. Enquanto os aspectos afetivos predominam na primeira, o utilitarismo está presente na amizade de negócios. As características que envolvem as relações sociais e a confiança interpessoal podem ser divididas entre aquelas que geram a relação e aquelas que as fazem evoluir. A semelhança de comportamentos se distingue como principal fator que permite a aproximação entre as pessoas. A honestidade, enquanto redutor de comportamentos oportunistas, também se manifesta de forma importante. A complementaridade e a rede de relacionamentos são importantes para aproximar os atores nas relações de amizade de negócio. Para consolidar as relações, a disponibilidade de tempo e para servir, o convívio constante, o aconselhamento e o respeito são as características predominantes, tanto para as relações de amizade, quanto para as amizades de negócio. / The social relationships are an essential element for the effectiveness of interorganizational relationships. Although not a clear concept, there is a strong relationship between trust and social interaction processes in which occur shared values. The social relationship can evolve toward friendships or acquaintance. Trust can also be mediated by the perception of others, which is a mechanism of interpersonal reputation, rather than the direct interaction between the parties. This set of relationships differentiates the network actors in their relational power. The third sector is comprised of nonprofit organizations that do not belong to the sphere of the State or the market. These nonprofits are created and maintained through voluntary participation and aim to continue the traditional practice of philanthropy. They are next to the local communities to understand their needs. These social relationships can influence the support for the third sector. The objective of this research was to understand how to establish socially trust in a network of supporting institutions to the third sector. To achieve this objective it was necessary to analyze the relationship between supporters and institutions of the third sector; to identify the structural aspects of the network of supporters of third sector institution; to verify the formative elements of social relations in the network; and to analyze features determinants of reputation actors in the network. Thirty-three supporters of Parceiros Voluntários from Bento Gonçalves were interviewed. The critical incident technique and social network analysis were used to analyze the data collected in interviews. There were different reasons for supporting the third sector organizations, which can be defined as institutional, personal and rational reasons. the presence of a local entity gives credibility to the organization of the third sector. The central actors in the network are also connected to social institutions. Actors in a network are grouped from particular characteristics of these individuals. About social relations, initially there is a clear difference between friendship and acquaintance. Self revelation is the element that distinguishes the relations of friendship and acquaintance. While the affective aspects predominate in the first, utilitarianism is this acquaintance. The characteristics that involve social relationships can be divided in to those that generate the relationship and those who make them evolve. The similarity of behavior is distinguished as the main factor that allows the rapprochement between people. Honesty, while reducing opportunistic behavior also manifests itself important. Complementarity and network relationships are important to bring actors in relations of acquaintance. To consolidate relations, the availability of time and to serve the constant socializing, counseling and respect are the predominant features for both for relations of friendship, and for the acquaintance.

Procuramos, neste estudo, investigar como se expressam os sentidos e as relações de comunicação e trabalho em organizações sem fins lucrativos que elencaram a comunicação como principal ferramenta de atuação em defesa de uma causa social. Para isso, selecionamos três organizações sociais nomeadas na pesquisa \"ONGs de comunicação\", localizadas no município de São Paulo e ativas durante o período de realização da pesquisa - 2016-2018, nas quais aprofundamo-nos em seus enunciados institucionais, como também na experiência dos trabalhadores a partir de relatos próprios. Sob a abordagem teórico-metodológica do binômio comunicação e trabalho, buscamos identificar em que medida as práticas discursivas e as relações de trabalho instituídas são atravessadas pelos sentidos hegemônicos vinculados à ideologia do \"terceiro setor\". Nas fases de observação, descrição e interpretação da etapa empírica, visitamos as sedes das organizações, realizamos coleta de dados nos websites, relatórios de atividades, vídeos e reportagens visando analisar os enunciados oficiais; e, para a análise dos discursos dos trabalhadores, priorizamos as entrevistas em profundidade. Dentre os resultados, atestamos a multiplicidade de discursos subsumidos, em maior ou menor grau, à lógica neoliberal de responsabilização do indivíduo. As retóricas do empreendedorismo, da criatividade, da autonomia e do protagonismo se evidenciam como elementos-chave ao serem representativas dos interesses dominantes, mas se revelarem mascaradas em enunciados supostamente emancipatórios. / In this study our aim is to investigate, in nonprofit organizations that elect the communication as their main tool in defense of a social cause, how the meanings and relations of communication and labor express themselves. For that, we selected three organizations, called in this research \"Communication NGOs\", situated in the city of São Paulo and active during the period of study - 2016-2018, in which we deepened in their institutional enunciations and dove into the workers\' experiences from their own point of views. Under the theoretical approach of the \'communication and labor\' binomial, we sought to identify in what measure the instituted discursive practices and working relations are crossed by the hegemonic logics linked to the \"third sector\" ideology. In the phases of observation, description and interpretation of the empirical search, we visited the organizations\' headquarters and collected data from their websites, activity reports, videos and news, aiming to analyze their official statements. For the discourse analysis of the workers, we prioritized in-depth interviews. Among the results, we attest to the multiplicity of discourses linked to the neoliberal logic that places responsibility on individuals. The rhetoric of entrepreneurship, creativity, autonomy and protagonism are evidenced as key elements by being representative of dominant interests but masked in supposedly emancipatory statements.

The review of the literature and the results gained from this research suggest an important link between the effectiveness of a board, including its corporate governance practices, and organisational effectiveness. This link attests to the importance of a greater focus upon the governance approach used by organisations. There is extensive literature about corporate governance in the business sector and there is emerging research into corporate governance in the Third Sector. However there is very little literature about the community service component on the Third Sector in Australia and none in relation to community service organisations that are incorporated under the Tasmanian Associations Incorporation Act 1964. This thesis aims to discover what is defined as best practice in the area of corporate governance for Tasmanian community service organisations and if selected organisations have adopted that best practice. For this purpose a research problem and three research sub-problems are identified. The research adopts a case study approach as the main research methodology using interviews, document reviews and a short self assessment questionnaire as data collection tools. The researcher approached six incorporated community service organisations funded by the Tasmanian Department of Health and Human Services and they agreed to participate in the research. Following data collection and data analysis the following major findings emerge. Firstly, that case organisations have adopted a range of governance practices. There are significant gaps in some organisations and there is room for improvement in all of the case organisations. Secondly, that some case organisation boards are approaching corporate governance by managing compliance to a minimum standard although others are offering strategic leadership with a commitment to quality and best practice. Thirdly, the research identifies a number of factors that impact upon corporate governance in case organisations. Those factors include the role of the Chief Executive Officer; the quest for competitive advantage; implementation of governance maintenance strategies and the impact of religion for religious-based organisations. Finally, the research also identifies three factors that were not determinative upon case organisations. They are the size of the organisation, the governance model being used, and the influence of the regulator (the Business Affairs Office) and the funding provider (the Department of Health and Human Services). Consequently it is concluded that the principle based approach to corporate governance can be extended to Tasmania. Furthermore the implication of this research for community sector organisations is that they need to implement governance maintenance practices including board training, board performance review and governance review. There is also a call to both the Business Affairs Office and the Department of Health and Human Services to be more proactive in requiring community service organisations to adopt additional corporate governance practices. Hence, based on the literature review and the analysis of the research data, a list of “Best practice features and practices guiding community service organisation governance” has been developed. This list can be used by organisations to provide direction for their approach to corporate governance. Finally, the conclusions provide a solid foundation for further study. This will be useful in order to obtain a broader understanding of the issues involved.

<p>Scandinavian countries are usually assumed to be less disposed than other countries to involve associations as welfare producers. They are assumed to be so disinclined due to their strong statutory welfare involvement, which “crowds-out” associational welfare production; their ethnic, cultural and religious homogeneity, which leads to a lack of minority interests in associational welfare production; and to their strong working-class organisations, which are supposed to prefer statutory welfare solutions. These assumptions are questioned here, because they cannot account for salient associational welfare production in the welfare areas of housing and child-care in two Scandinavian countries, Sweden and Norway.</p><p>In order to approach an explanation for the phenomena of associational welfare production in Sweden and Norway, some refinements of current theories are suggested. First, it is argued that welfare associations usually depend on statutory support in order to produce welfare on a salient level. Second, it is supposed that any form of particularistic interest in welfare production, not only ethnic, cultural or religious minority interests, can lead to associational welfare.</p><p>With respect to these assumptions, this thesis supposes that political parties are organisations that, on one hand, influence statutory decisions regarding associational welfare production, and, on the other hand, pursue particularistic interests in associational welfare production. It is hypothesised that political parties attempt to mould statutory decisions on associational welfare provision in accordance with the interests of associations with “congruent constituencies.”</p><p>The aim of this thesis is to examine whether political party preferences for certain welfare associations might help to explain variations in statutory support for associational welfare provision. Two questions are raised: First, do parties differ in their attempts to influence statutory subventions and regulations of associational welfare provision, resulting in more or less favourable conditions for associational welfare? Second, do parties systematically differ in their policies with regard to more or less “congruent” associations?</p><p>In order to investigate these questions, a comparison is made between political parties’ attempts to influence statutory regulation and subvention of Norwegian and Swedish associations active in the areas of day-care and housing. For this purpose, information is drawn from public documents and official statistics in order to identify more or less favourable policies and related partisan policies. In addition, supportive parties and favoured associations are compared with regard to their “constituencies.”</p><p>The findings partly support the hypothesis. Although political parties partly pursued consensually association-friendly policies, they often varied their support for welfare associations, whereby both right-wing and left-wing parties partly advocated and partly rejected association-friendly policies in a conflicting way, resulting in varied degrees of statutory support. Furthermore, supportive parties shared “congruent constituencies” with those associations supported by respective parties’ policies. These findings indicate that partisan policies indeed make a difference for associational welfare production, whereby parties of any political colour can support associational solutions. Furthermore, partisan policies vary according to the involved associations’ more or less “congruent constituencies,” which can pursue welfare production out of various particularistic interests, be they religious-cultural or socio-economic in nature.</p>

Scandinavian countries are usually assumed to be less disposed than other countries to involve associations as welfare producers. They are assumed to be so disinclined due to their strong statutory welfare involvement, which “crowds-out” associational welfare production; their ethnic, cultural and religious homogeneity, which leads to a lack of minority interests in associational welfare production; and to their strong working-class organisations, which are supposed to prefer statutory welfare solutions. These assumptions are questioned here, because they cannot account for salient associational welfare production in the welfare areas of housing and child-care in two Scandinavian countries, Sweden and Norway. In order to approach an explanation for the phenomena of associational welfare production in Sweden and Norway, some refinements of current theories are suggested. First, it is argued that welfare associations usually depend on statutory support in order to produce welfare on a salient level. Second, it is supposed that any form of particularistic interest in welfare production, not only ethnic, cultural or religious minority interests, can lead to associational welfare. With respect to these assumptions, this thesis supposes that political parties are organisations that, on one hand, influence statutory decisions regarding associational welfare production, and, on the other hand, pursue particularistic interests in associational welfare production. It is hypothesised that political parties attempt to mould statutory decisions on associational welfare provision in accordance with the interests of associations with “congruent constituencies.” The aim of this thesis is to examine whether political party preferences for certain welfare associations might help to explain variations in statutory support for associational welfare provision. Two questions are raised: First, do parties differ in their attempts to influence statutory subventions and regulations of associational welfare provision, resulting in more or less favourable conditions for associational welfare? Second, do parties systematically differ in their policies with regard to more or less “congruent” associations? In order to investigate these questions, a comparison is made between political parties’ attempts to influence statutory regulation and subvention of Norwegian and Swedish associations active in the areas of day-care and housing. For this purpose, information is drawn from public documents and official statistics in order to identify more or less favourable policies and related partisan policies. In addition, supportive parties and favoured associations are compared with regard to their “constituencies.” The findings partly support the hypothesis. Although political parties partly pursued consensually association-friendly policies, they often varied their support for welfare associations, whereby both right-wing and left-wing parties partly advocated and partly rejected association-friendly policies in a conflicting way, resulting in varied degrees of statutory support. Furthermore, supportive parties shared “congruent constituencies” with those associations supported by respective parties’ policies. These findings indicate that partisan policies indeed make a difference for associational welfare production, whereby parties of any political colour can support associational solutions. Furthermore, partisan policies vary according to the involved associations’ more or less “congruent constituencies,” which can pursue welfare production out of various particularistic interests, be they religious-cultural or socio-economic in nature.

The review of the literature and the results gained from this research suggest an important link between the effectiveness of a board, including its corporate governance practices, and organisational effectiveness. This link attests to the importance of a greater focus upon the governance approach used by organisations. There is extensive literature about corporate governance in the business sector and there is emerging research into corporate governance in the Third Sector. However there is very little literature about the community service component on the Third Sector in Australia and none in relation to community service organisations that are incorporated under the Tasmanian Associations Incorporation Act 1964. This thesis aims to discover what is defined as best practice in the area of corporate governance for Tasmanian community service organisations and if selected organisations have adopted that best practice. For this purpose a research problem and three research sub-problems are identified. The research adopts a case study approach as the main research methodology using interviews, document reviews and a short self assessment questionnaire as data collection tools. The researcher approached six incorporated community service organisations funded by the Tasmanian Department of Health and Human Services and they agreed to participate in the research. Following data collection and data analysis the following major findings emerge. Firstly, that case organisations have adopted a range of governance practices. There are significant gaps in some organisations and there is room for improvement in all of the case organisations. Secondly, that some case organisation boards are approaching corporate governance by managing compliance to a minimum standard although others are offering strategic leadership with a commitment to quality and best practice. Thirdly, the research identifies a number of factors that impact upon corporate governance in case organisations. Those factors include the role of the Chief Executive Officer; the quest for competitive advantage; implementation of governance maintenance strategies and the impact of religion for religious-based organisations. Finally, the research also identifies three factors that were not determinative upon case organisations. They are the size of the organisation, the governance model being used, and the influence of the regulator (the Business Affairs Office) and the funding provider (the Department of Health and Human Services). Consequently it is concluded that the principle based approach to corporate governance can be extended to Tasmania. Furthermore the implication of this research for community sector organisations is that they need to implement governance maintenance practices including board training, board performance review and governance review. There is also a call to both the Business Affairs Office and the Department of Health and Human Services to be more proactive in requiring community service organisations to adopt additional corporate governance practices. Hence, based on the literature review and the analysis of the research data, a list of “Best practice features and practices guiding community service organisation governance” has been developed. This list can be used by organisations to provide direction for their approach to corporate governance. Finally, the conclusions provide a solid foundation for further study. This will be useful in order to obtain a broader understanding of the issues involved.

The review of the literature and the results gained from this research suggest an important link between the effectiveness of a board, including its corporate governance practices, and organisational effectiveness. This link attests to the importance of a greater focus upon the governance approach used by organisations. There is extensive literature about corporate governance in the business sector and there is emerging research into corporate governance in the Third Sector. However there is very little literature about the community service component on the Third Sector in Australia and none in relation to community service organisations that are incorporated under the Tasmanian Associations Incorporation Act 1964. This thesis aims to discover what is defined as best practice in the area of corporate governance for Tasmanian community service organisations and if selected organisations have adopted that best practice. For this purpose a research problem and three research sub-problems are identified. The research adopts a case study approach as the main research methodology using interviews, document reviews and a short self assessment questionnaire as data collection tools. The researcher approached six incorporated community service organisations funded by the Tasmanian Department of Health and Human Services and they agreed to participate in the research. Following data collection and data analysis the following major findings emerge. Firstly, that case organisations have adopted a range of governance practices. There are significant gaps in some organisations and there is room for improvement in all of the case organisations. Secondly, that some case organisation boards are approaching corporate governance by managing compliance to a minimum standard although others are offering strategic leadership with a commitment to quality and best practice. Thirdly, the research identifies a number of factors that impact upon corporate governance in case organisations. Those factors include the role of the Chief Executive Officer; the quest for competitive advantage; implementation of governance maintenance strategies and the impact of religion for religious-based organisations. Finally, the research also identifies three factors that were not determinative upon case organisations. They are the size of the organisation, the governance model being used, and the influence of the regulator (the Business Affairs Office) and the funding provider (the Department of Health and Human Services). Consequently it is concluded that the principle based approach to corporate governance can be extended to Tasmania. Furthermore the implication of this research for community sector organisations is that they need to implement governance maintenance practices including board training, board performance review and governance review. There is also a call to both the Business Affairs Office and the Department of Health and Human Services to be more proactive in requiring community service organisations to adopt additional corporate governance practices. Hence, based on the literature review and the analysis of the research data, a list of “Best practice features and practices guiding community service organisation governance” has been developed. This list can be used by organisations to provide direction for their approach to corporate governance. Finally, the conclusions provide a solid foundation for further study. This will be useful in order to obtain a broader understanding of the issues involved.