国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

abstract: The present study of two hundred and seven university students examined the structural relation of future-orientation (both valence and instrumentality), career decision-making self-efficacy and career indecision (choice/commitment anxiety and lack of readiness). Structural equation modeling results indicated that while the overall proposed model fit the data well, my hypotheses were partially supported. Valence was not significantly related to career decision-making self-efficacy, choice/commitment anxiety and lack of readiness. However, instrumentality completely mediated the relation between valence and career decision-making self-efficacy, choice/commitment anxiety and lack of readiness. Instrumentality was significantly related to career decision-making self-efficacy and lack of readiness. Career decision-making self-efficacy completely mediated the relation between instrumentality and choice/commitment anxiety; however, it only partially mediated the relation between instrumentality and lack of readiness. Although the proposed model was invariant across gender, the findings indicate that women reported higher instrumentality and lower lack of readiness than did men. No differences were found for career decision-making self-efficacy and choice/commitment anxiety across gender. The findings suggest that psychologists, counselors, teachers, and career interventionists should consider the role future time perspective in university students' career development. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Counseling Psychology 2014

abstract: The primary objective of this study was to revise a measure of exogenous instrumentality, part of a larger scale known as the Perceptions of Instrumentality Scale (Husman, Derryberry, Crowson, & Lomax, 2004) used to measure future oriented student value for course content. Study 1 piloted the revised items, explored the factor structure, and provided initial evidence for the reliability and validity of the revised scale. Study 2 provided additional reliability evidence but a factor analysis with the original and revised scale items revealed that the revised scale was measuring a distinct and separate construct that was not exogenous instrumentality. Here this new construct is called extrinsic instrumentality for grade. This study revealed that those that endorse a high utility value for grade report lower levels of connectedness (Husman & Shell, 2008) and significantly less use of knowledge building strategies (Shell, et al., 2005). These findings suggest that there are additional types of future oriented extrinsic motivation that should be considered when constructing interventions for students, specifically non-major students. This study also provided additional evidence that there are types of extrinsic motivation that are adaptive and have positive relationships with knowledge building strategies and connectedness to the future. Implications for the measurement of future time perspective (FTP) and its relationship to these three proximal, future oriented, course specific measures of value are also discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Family and Human Development 2017

The study describes the future goals and concerns of institutionalized adolescents, and also identifies their attitudes towards the past, the present and the future, comparing them with a group of non-institutionalized adolescents with similar characteristics. It is a descriptive study with a transversal design, of 34 institutionalized and 41 non-institutionalized adolescents between 15 to 17 years old. The instruments were the Motivational Induction Method (MIM) and the Time Attitude Scale (TAS) (Nuttin, 1985). Goals are related to interpersonal contacts, the self-realization and the self. Institutionalized adolescents show more goals related to the development of aptitudes and a major necessity of interpersonal contacts associated with the fear of the damage caused by settling these relationships. / Se describen las metas a futuro y preocupaciones que los adolescentes institucionalizados poseen y se identifican las actitudes temporales que presentan hacia el pasado, presente y futuro, comparándolas con un grupo de adolescentes no institucionalizados de similares características. Es un estudio descriptivo con diseño transversal en el que participaron 34 adolescentes institucionalizados y 41 no institucionalizados de 15 a 17 años. Los instrumentos fueron el Método de Inducción Motivacional (MIM) y la Escala de Actitudes Temporales (TAS) (Nuttin, 1985). Se encontró que las metas se orientan principalmente hacia los contactos interpersonales, el deseo de autorrealización y el sí mismo. No obstante, los adolescentes institucionalizados muestran una mayor cantidad de metas relativas al desarrollo de aptitudes y una mayor necesidad de establecer contactos interpersonales, ligada, a su vez, a temores en torno al daño que se puede generar al entablar dichas relaciones.

The thesis deals with the relationship between one's time perspective and their ability to cope with the termination of the relationship. The time perspective is composed of five temporal orientations - past positive, past negative, present hedonistic, present fatalistic and future - which differ from each other in personality characteristics and their influence on human behavior. Our aim was to explore the differences among them in the choice of coping strategies in dealing with a breakup and verify the hypothesis. The following methods were used in the research: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), questions concerning respondent's breakup and Brief COPE, which measured a total of 14 coping strategies on a sample of 237 respondents. The results confirmed the different choices of coping strategies among five time orientations. Although it was not proved that some temporal orientations (past negative) would cope with the breakup more problematically, it seems, however, that these ones mostly use maladaptive coping strategies which can make their breakup adjustment harder. In the conclusion, therefore, are also considered the possibilities of application of our results in psychological counseling practice. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The present study aimed to examine the role of time perspective (TP) in the relationship between physical activity (PA) and depression. The sample consisted of 456 older adults (60- 90 years) from the Betula prospective cohort study. Depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and TP was measured using the Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI). PA was measured using two separate single items relating to weekly level of PA and perception of PA level compared to others the same age. Hierarchic regression analyses revealed that both PA variables were significantly predicted by the same TP subscales; positively by Present Hedonistic and negatively by Past Negative and Present Fatalistic. Present Hedonistic was a significant moderator in the relationship between PA and depression. The findings of the present study highlight the importance of considering TP in the context of PA and depression. Implications are discussed and future research directions are offered in relation to mindfulness and the recall of affective responses to exercise. / Denna studie syftade till att undersöka hur tidsperspektiv (TP) påverkar förhållandet mellan fysisk aktivitet (PA) och depression. Urvalet bestod av 456 äldre vuxna (60-90 år) från Betulastudien. Depression mättes med hjälp av Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) och TP undersöktes med Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI). PA uppskattades genom två separata frågor, en om veckovis PA-nivå och en om uppfattningen av PA-nivå jämfört med andra i samma ålder. Hierarkiska regressionsanalyser visade att båda PA-variabler predicerades signifikant av samma TPsubskalor; positivt av Present Hedonistic och negativt för Past Negative och Present Fatalistic. Present Hedonistic var en signifikant moderator i förhållandet mellan PA och depression. Studiens resultat belyser vikten av att ta hänsyn till TP i samband med PA och depression. Implikationer diskuteras och förslag till framtida forskning presenteras i relation till mindfulness och minnen av affektiva responser från PA.

Les recherches en Management/Organisation ont quelque peu mis de côté la Perspective Temporelle ou PT (selon Lewin, la somme des points de vue individuels à un moment donné sur le passé et le futur psychologique). Cette Thèse étudie comment le(la) dirigeant(e) et sa PME agissent pour générer de la croissance en se focalisant sur la PT. Les questionnaires et les entretiens avec les 22 dirigeant(e)s d’entreprises (effectif : 10-49 salariés) permettent la mise au jour de leurs PT mais aussi des liens entre les différentes composantes du cadre conceptuel (ex : l’orientation entrepreneuriale de la firme, la vigilance individuelle) et d’autres éléments importants (ex : les biais cognitifs). La construction et les comparaisons des 22 cartes cognitives permettent également la mise au jour des différentes trajectoires de croissance et le questionnement de « l’équilibre » de la PT comme critère « discriminant ». Enfin, un modèle à tester et des directions de recherche sont proposés. / Organization and Management studies have somewhat neglected Time Perspective (TP), which is, according to Lewin, the sum of the individual’s viewpoints of his psychological past and future existing at a given time. This dissertation examines how small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) owner-managers and their firms generate growth, with a focus on TP. Questionnaires and qualitative interviews with 22 SME owners (10‒49 employees) revealed individual TPs and links among diverse components of the conceptual framework (e.g., alertness, entrepreneurial orientation) and other important factors (e.g., cognitive biases). The 22 cognitive maps also showed several firm growth trajectories and raised questions about the “balanced” TP as a discriminating criterion. Last, a model and directions for future research are proposed.

We live in a world in which it became the norm that people but also countries owe more than their annual earnings. We have a wide range of available capital within our reach, but also great risks of unrepayable debts. Simultaneously, only little attention is paid to the impact of debts on the psyche of the debtors. The presented thesis explains some of these aspects. The first chapter of the thesis deals with a brief history of debt, its role in the society, and basic terminology. The second chapter addresses the creditor and his relation to the debtor. In the third chapter, we focus on the debtors and their mental characteristics and risk factors for indebtedness. In the last chapter of the theoretical part, we attend the incurrence of debt and psychological context that hinder its redemption. The research part of the thesis draws comparison between time perspective pursuant to the P. Zimbardo theory and indebtedness of the individuals through a questionnaire survey. The results of the research have shown just a particular coherence among time perspective for the individual types of the debt examined, yet the results have shown significant differences among the debtors who are unable to redeem their obligations in time. Furthermore, this chapter represents the seed of the development of a separate...

The dual motive model posits that self-control is the prioritization of distal motives over proximal motives when the two compete. A logical extension of this view is that any factor that increases the incentive value of a distal motive or decreases the incentive value of a proximal motive will make self-control more likely. Here it is proposed that time perspective, or an individual's tendency to attend to thoughts of the past, present, or future, is one factor that influences the incentive value of competing motives. Three studies were conducted to show that time perspective influences the incentive value of competing motives, and thus influences self-control. Study 1 probes correlations and indirect effects between time perspective, incentive value, and self-control. Study 2 replicates and extends study 1 by examining additional dimensions of the future time perspective. Study 3 shows that manipulating time perspective produces changes in self-control, establishing causality. The results suggest that time perspective influences the incentive value of individuals' motives and thus self-control. The results also add support to the dual motive model of self-control, since only the dual motive model predicted these relationships.