A mudança de comportamento dos consumidores através do advento da tecnologia e das redes sociais gera um grande empoderamento dos mesmos, alterando substancialmente a forma de relacionamento das empresas com seu público final. Atentas a este mercado, as empresas de mídia passam por profundas mudanças, tanto do ponto de vista da entrega de conteúdo ao seu público, quanto no seu formato administrativo, estratégico e financeiro. Sendo assim, a presente dissertação apresenta abordagens apoiadas em técnicas multivariadas para composição de equipes comerciais e de remuneração dos times de venda de uma empresa de comunicação. No artigo 1, objetiva-se gerar um modelo para estimar a premiação comercial das equipes de venda das rádios do Grupo RBS. Para tanto, inicialmente geram-se agrupamentos das emissoras de rádio do Grupo RBS no estado do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Catarina com base nos seus perfis de similaridades. Para cada cluster gerado, gera-se uma regressão linear múltipla da premiação comercial validado através de validação cruzada por intermédio do R2 ajustado e Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). O segundo artigo aborda a clusterização dos top clientes do Grupo RBS e o impacto na composição das equipes comerciais por meio do método da seleção de variáveis. As 7 variáveis originais foram avaliadas através do método de seleção de variáveis “Omita uma variável por vez”; o melhor Silhouette Index (SI) médio, métrica utilizada para avaliar a qualidade dos agrupamentos gerados, foi obtido quando 3 variáveis foram retidas. Os agrupamentos gerados por tais variáveis refletem o comportamento de compra de mídia dos clientes; os agrupamentos foram considerados satisfatórios quando avaliados por especialistas do Grupo RBS. / The change in the behavior of consumers with the advent of technology and social networks generates a great empowerment of themselves, substantially altering the relationship form of companies to their final audience. Attentive to this market, media companies undergo profound changes, both from the point of view of delivering content to their audience, as well as in their administrative, strategic and financial format. Thus, the present dissertation presents approaches supported by multivariate techniques for the composition of commercial and remuneration teams of the sales group of a communication company. In article 1, the objective is to generate a model to estimate the commercial awards of the sales teams of the RBS Group radios. To do this, we initially generate groupings of radio stations from the RBS Group in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina based on their profiles of similarities. For each cluster generated, a multiple linear regression of the commercial award is generated, validated through cross validation through the adjusted R2 and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The second article addresses the clustering of RBS Group top clients and the impact on the composition of business teams through the variable selection method. The original 7 variables were evaluated through the variable selection method "Omit one variable at a time"; the best Silhouette Index (SI) average, metric used to evaluate the quality of the generated clusters, was obtained when 3 variables were retained. Clusters generated by such variables reflect customers' buying behavior of media; the clusters were considered satisfactory when evaluated by RBS Group experts.

No description available.

In a changing climate, it is increasingly important to be able to model environmental effects on food webs, and to do that, one must have appropriate dynamic models. I present a shallow lake ecosystem model where producers, grazers, carnivores, piscivores, and detritivores are coupled through resource (light, nutrients and detritus) fluxes between the benthic and pelagic habitats and through carnivore life history events (ontogenetic habitat and diet shifts). The two habitats each contain primary producers, grazers, carnivores and detritivores. Within the habitats, there is strong top-down regulation, but across habitat boundaries, bottom-up interactions drive production. In the absence of piscivores, stage-structured carnivores cause intriguing patters of alternative stable states. Notably, the model predicts a lesser dependence on benthic production with detritus presence. Model predictions are largely in agreement with empirical studies. The results have implications for management of freshwater, and for the interpretation of previous models.

This diploma thesis focuses on relations between a candidate and a political party and how these relations are influenced by political marketing and media. Political party TOP 09 and its leader Karel Schwarzenberg are studied during the political campaign preceding Czech legislative election in May 2010. The study is based on TOP 09's documents and interviews of Karel Schwarzenberg in Czech media. Theoretical part of this thesis is dedicated to concepts of political marketing, influence of media and models of communication. Content analysis compares themes and ways to speak about them used by the party and by Schwarzenberg. Qualitative analysis asks if the party can make use of Schwrazenberg for its own campaign and how strength and what sort of are relations between TOP 09 and its leader.

As aves de rapina, como predadores de níveis superiores na rede trófica, necessitam de grandes áreas de vida e ocorrem em baixa densidade populacional. São sensíveis a alteração e degradação do habitat, sendo bons indicadores de qualidade de habitat e biodiversidade. Apesar da importância ecológica pouco se conhece sobre a biologia e ecologia da maioria das 91 espécies que ocorrem na América do Sul, o que nos leva ao objetivo mais amplo desta tese: descrever a composição das taxocenoses de aves de rapina dos campos do sul do Brasil e Uruguai e sua relação com as características topográficas e ambientais. Para tanto, foram realizadas amostragens de aves de rapina em 11 áreas campestres entre outono de 2009 e verão de 2011. Um total de 44 transectos rodoviários foi amostrado sazonalmente, duas vezes ao ano, totalizando 176 amostragens. Ao todo foram observadas 18.424 aves de rapina, pertencentes a 33 espécies. Os transectos rodoviários são amplamente utilizados para a amostragem de aves de rapina, no entanto, nossos resultados sugerem que este método pode subestimar a abundância das espécies. Pontos de contagem parecem ser mais eficazes, principalmente para a amostragem de espécies raras. A distribuição das espécies foi associada à altitude e disponibilidade de habitat, e quatro taxocenoses puderam ser identificadas no sudeste da América do Sul. A taxocenose dos campos de altitude (na ecorregião Floresta Úmida com Araucária) se caracterizou pela presença de espécies florestais, ausentes ou pouco abundantes nas demais áreas. Na ecorregião Savana Uruguaia foram distinguidas outras três taxocenoses: 1) campos da planície costeira do sul do Brasil, com espécies associadas às áreas úmidas e ambientes alterados; 2) campos da Serra do Sudeste, uma taxocenose mista com espécies campestres e florestais, porém pouco abundantes e com maior tolerância a habitat alterados; 3) campos da Savana Uruguaia, taxocenose com predominância de espécies campestres e presença pontual de espécies florestais associadas a matas riparias. Foram registradas quatro espécies de necrófagos obrigatórios (Cathartiformes). A organização da taxocenose dos necrófagos aparenta ser mais influenciada pelas características da paisagem que por relações hierárquicas interespecíficas, mas a distribuição atual pode ter sido influenciada pela caça e envenenamento das espécies, ocorrida no século passado. A abundância das aves de rapina variou sazonalmente. A abundância foi significativamente maior no verão que no inverno, mas variou conforme a espécie. Quatro espécies são migratórias (duas migrantes trans-equatorias e duas intratropicais), três são parcialmente migratórias, mas o padrão de migração e as rotas são pouco conhecidos, e três espécies são nômades ou realizam movimentos irruptivos. Os campos do sudeste da América do Sul tem uma alta diversidade de aves de rapina, influenciada pela topografia, disponibilidade de habitat e sazonalidade, características que devem ser consideradas nas políticas de conservação na região. / Raptors, as top predators, have large home ranges and low population densities. They are sensitive to human perturbation and habitat degradation; hence raptors are sentinel species and biodiversity indicators. Despite their ecological importance, the biology and ecology of most of the 91 South American raptors is poorly known. The main objectives of this study were to examine the assemblage composition in grasslands of southern Brazil and Uruguay and to investigate its relation with topography and habitat features. To achieve this, 44 roadside transects were conducted in 11 areas. Each transect was survey four times between autumn/2009 and summer/2011. The 176 transects yielded 18,424 contacts of raptors, belonging to 34 species. Roadside line transect is widely used to survey raptors. However, our results suggest that this method could underestimate the species abundance. Roadside point transect seems to be better, especially to survey rare species. Raptors distribution and assemblage composition were related to altitude and habitat availability, and four assemblages could be identified in southeastern South America. Raptor assemblage at Altitudinal grasslands (in the Araucarian Moist Forest ecoregion) had higher abundances of forest raptors than the other regions. Three assemblages were distinguished in the Uruguayan Savannas ecoregion: 1) south Brazilian coastal plain, with species related wetlands and human modified habitats; 2) Serra do Sudeste grasslands, a mix of forest and grassland raptors assemblage, which showed low abundances and lower sensibility to habitat degradation; 3) Uruguayan Savannas, dominated by grasslands species and few forest species usually found in riparian habitats. Four obligate scavengers (Cathartiformes) were recorded. Landscape features appeared to be more important to the assemblage organization than interspecific hierarchy, but the current distribution and abundance of scavengers could have been driven by species persecution and poisoning in the last century. Raptors abundance changed seasonally. Total abundance was significantly higher during summer than winter, and strategies to deal with seasonality varied between species. Four species are complete migrants (two transequatorial and two intratropical), three are partial migrants, but their routes and migration pattern remain poorly understood; and three species are irruptive or nomadic. The grasslands of southern South America have a high diversity of raptors, influenced by topography, habitat availability and seasonality, features that should be taken into account when divising regional conservation policies.

This thesis is about the prospect of change in the Peruvian mental health services system as seen through the lens of public psychiatry. It is based on the depiction of the work of psychiatrists in two of Lima's mental hospitals -Hospital Valdizán and Instituto Noguchi- and the projects of mental health services reform that I found in both of these institutions and an advocacy group sponsored by the Pan American Health Organisation. Ethnographic fieldwork was conducted from April 2012 to July 2013. I portray the current paradigm of care that dominates the public psychiatric sphere by describing the practice of specialists in outpatient consultations and hospitalisation wards. What I call the empirical model of psychiatry is an objectivistic, pharmaceuticalized, and top-down practice that finds its most augmented version in the wards. It loses sight of such therapeutic mandates as cultivating rapport, giving voice, and providing social support, elements that can be encountered in alternative paradigms of care that hold a marginal position in today's mental health system, such as the community mental health model that was developed in the 1980s at Instituto Noguchi and has progressively faded into near oblivion. The multiple inadequacies of treatment reviewed in this thesis, which are fuelled by a historical relegation of mental health policy in the country, speak of a psychiatry that is far from effectively improving the lives of service users. This was the greatest blind spot revealed by the mental health reform agenda; the need to improve psychiatry as a therapeutic practice was largely absent from reform discourse. Another important issue encountered was the failure of initiatives focused on training primary healthcare professionals in detecting and treating mental health problems (task-sharing). I argue that sustainable task-sharing strategies, added to comprehensive and locally-sensitive models of mental health services, should be explored. Finally, there is a paradox to be solved in relation to mental health governance in Peru. Psychiatry has hegemony; it owns the national institute of mental health and presides over the national mental health direction at the Ministry of Health. However, as a profession it has remained alienated from public health matters, absorbed in the daily practice of public hospitals and private practices. Mental health governance, then, needs to be balanced with the contribution of other professions and this is where the social route of the mental health system gains significance: anthropology has great potential to help develop a richer understanding of people's mental health and craft effective services in socially unequal and multicultural societies.

Inom disciplinen kognitiv hörselvetenskap tillämpas en integrerad ansats där taluppfattning beskrivs ur både ett auditivt bottom-up-perspektiv och ett kognitivt top-down-perspektiv. Studien undersökte hur taluppfattning varierar med, respektive utan top-down-stöd och vad de kognitiva förmågorna uppmärksamhet, minne och inhiberingsförmåga hade för inverkan. Taluppfattningsförmåga utvärderades med hjälp av ett Speech-In-Noise-test (SIN-test) som bestod av tre deltest där enstaviga ord presenterades i en ofördelaktig miljö bestående av röster som talande i mun på varandra. I deltest 1 presenterades ord i uppåtgående förhållande till rösterna utan kognitivt stöd, i deltest 2 presenterades ord i nedåtgående förhållande till rösterna med kognitivt stöd och i deltest 3 presenterades ord i uppåtgående förhållande till rösterna med kognitivt stöd. Detta resulterade i identifiering av tre tröskelnivåer för taluppfattning. Kognitiva förmågor utvärderades med hjälp av Reading span test, Size Comparison span task (SIC-span) och Paced Auditory Serial-Addition Test (PASAT). Envägs variansanalys av taluppfattningstesten visade på signifikanta skillnader mellan alla tre testen. I test 2 identifierades lägst tröskelvärde, därefter test 3 och slutligen test 1. Korrelationsanalys visade på icke signifikanta samband mellan de tre SIN-testen. Av de kognitiva förmågorna och SIN- testen visade endast PASAT A på ett signifikant samband med SIN-test 2. Analys av de kognitiva förmågorna och differenserna mellan SIN-testen gav inga signifikanta samband. Slutligen vid analys av de kognitiva förmågorna hade PASAT A och PASAT B ett starkt positivt samband medan PASAT B och Reading span test hade ett starkt negativt samband. Resultaten i studien talade för att top-down-stöd ger bättre taluppfattningsförmåga och att uppmärksamhetskapacitet är en förmåga som har en signifikant inverkan på taluppfattning i nedåtgående förhållande till ett brus av röster.

This thesis is in support of the exhibition entitled ES-SEN-TIAL on display in Tipton Gallery located in Downtown Johnson City from February 27, 2017 to March 10, 2017. The exhibition is a presentation in fiber medium of the human impact on the landscape, specifically using the extractive industry of coal mining as example. This is accomplished through the use of digital imagery printed on textiles, hand and machine embroidery, and surface design techniques of dyeing and layering. This body of work reflects the artist’s interest in art activism and the utilization of photography, fiber arts, ideas and techniques, as creative process to formally explore the landscape.

本研究為整體性的研究中之一部份，整體研究共分為三個部份-系統矩陣建構與分析部份、基層團隊研究、高階團隊形成的過程中心智模式的發展，研究者負責之部分為「研究學習型組織推動的過程中，高階經營團隊的心智模式」，本研究採用的方法為口語資料分析法(The Analysis Of Verbal Data)，此研究方法為將口語資料轉化為圖形方式表示，在將圖形中的資料尋求一定之結構作為分析的基礎，所得到的分析可以作為研究對象的科學數據作為參考再進行分析，此研究方法將可使用的範圍相當廣，值得未來研究者進行社會科學研究時採用之另一種方法。 本研究採用的口語資料分析共分為三個構面進行分析：內容的完整平均性、內容的結構性以及內容的豐富性，研究者先將此三個構面進行假設，並將訪談的內容進行驗證的工作，分別得到以下的結論： 1.完整平均性與投入的程度成正比。 2.結構性與經驗成正比 3.獨特性與角色的扮演相關 此為本研究所假設的議題，其他議題帶後序研究者陸續發現。 學習型組織為近年來新興的一種組織模式，本研究將焦點著重於高階團對引進學習型組織時心智模式之探討，主要在於瞭解高階團對互動的過程，試圖在其中尋找出互動的模式，並試圖尋找出互動的成功要素，另外希望將國內進行學習型組織之企業以較為完整的方式呈現出來，在本研究中發現以下之結論，可分為以下五類： 1.觀念差異產生的因素 2.角色扮演所產生的差異 3.加速變革的方式 4.外聘人員對變革產生的衝突以及應扮演的角色 5.輔導員角色的重要性及扮演之方式 第一章 緒論 5 第一節 研究動機 5 第二節 研究目的 6 第三節 研究範圍 6 第四節 研究限制 7 第二章 文獻探討 9 第一節 學習型組織概述 9 一、定義 9 二、第五項修練的意涵 10 1.學習型組織的特徵 12 2.傳統型組織與學習型組織之比較 12 三、學習型組織的建立 13 四、國內導入學習型組織之舉例 20 第二節 高階主管的功能及角色 21 一、傳統高階主管的功能及角色 21 二、學習型組織高階團隊的功能及角色 22 第三節 高階團隊的形成 22 一、團隊概念再釐清 22 1.團體與團隊的差異 23 2.真實團隊（True Team）？任務團隊(Task Team)？ 23 二、為何要形成高階團隊 25 三、高階團隊之形成 28 1.團隊運作理論 29 2.團隊形成的指標 30 四、高階團隊難以形成之原因 32 五、避免高階團隊形成的障礙 33 第四節 共識之形成 34 一、團隊的角色扮演 34 二、團隊中如何建立共識 37 三、建立的共識的工具 38 1.深度匯談 38 2.有技巧的討論 40 第三章 研究方法 41 第一節 研究敘述 41 研究流程 44 第二節 研究方法介紹 45 一、個案研究法 45 1.個案研究的屬性分類 46 2.個案研究的優缺點及適用性 47 二、 深度訪談 49 1.深度訪談的程序 49 2.深度訪談的問題 49 3.深度訪談的技巧（黃俊英,民85） 50 第三節 研究架構 51 第四章 問題分析與描述 52 第一節 學習型組織 55 一、口語資料分析圖與敘述 55 二、分析與討論（學習型組織概念及執行） 62 第二節 讀書會 78 一、語意網路分析圖及敘述 78 二、分析與討論（讀書會） 81 第三節 團隊 87 一、口語資料分析圖及敘述 87 二、分析與討論 90 第五章 結論與建議 96 第一節 口語資料分析的運用 96 第二節 研究發現 97 第三節 研究貢獻 99 第四節 對企業界的建議 99 第五節 後續研究的建議 99 第一章 緒論 5 第一節 研究動機 5 第二節 研究目的 6 第三節 研究範圍 6 第四節 研究限制 7 第二章 文獻探討 9 第一節 學習型組織概述 9 一、定義 9 二、第五項修練的意涵 10 1.學習型組織的特徵 12 2.傳統型組織與學習型組織之比較 12 三、學習型組織的建立 13 四、國內導入學習型組織之舉例 20 第二節 高階主管的功能及角色 21 一、傳統高階主管的功能及角色 21 二、學習型組織高階團隊的功能及角色 22 第三節 高階團隊的形成 22 一、團隊概念再釐清 22 1.團體與團隊的差異 23 2.真實團隊（True Team）？任務團隊(Task Team)？ 23 二、為何要形成高階團隊 25 三、高階團隊之形成 28 1.團隊運作理論 29 2.團隊形成的指標 30 四、高階團隊難以形成之原因 32 五、避免高階團隊形成的障礙 33 第四節 共識之形成 34 一、團隊的角色扮演 34 二、團隊中如何建立共識 37 三、建立的共識的工具 38 1.深度匯談 38 2.有技巧的討論 40 第三章 研究方法 41 第一節 研究敘述 41 研究流程 44 第二節 研究方法介紹 45 一、個案研究法 45 1.個案研究的屬性分類 46 2.個案研究的優缺點及適用性 47 二、 深度訪談 49 1.深度訪談的程序 49 2.深度訪談的問題 49 3.深度訪談的技巧（黃俊英,民85） 50 第三節 研究架構 51 第四章 問題分析與描述 52 第一節 學習型組織 55 一、口語資料分析圖與敘述 55 二、分析與討論（學習型組織概念及執行） 62 第二節 讀書會 78 一、語意網路分析圖及敘述 78 二、分析與討論（讀書會） 81 第三節 團隊 87 一、口語資料分析圖及敘述 87 二、分析與討論 90 第五章 結論與建議 96 第一節 口語資料分析的運用 96 第二節 研究發現 97 第三節 研究貢獻 99 第四節 對企業界的建議 99 第五節 後續研究的建議 99 / ABSTRACT The thesis is part of the project, including three subtopic--the organization of system matrix, the study of basic organization and the development of mental model within top management team during process of introducing. The main target is "to investigate the mental model of top management team while the term were organized into learning organization. The method of this study was "The Analysis of Veral Data". The chart of mental model from verbal data in this study was transformed from oral record, then analyzed the chart into a suitable model which was high correlation with the data. The extensive analysis of the data was obtained from the mental model as a basis of scientific data. This method could applied to other field of society science as extensive as possible. The verbal data analysis in this thesis would depend on three part of sub-architecture analysis including: the mean integrated of data, the architecture of data; and the extent of data. The investigator, firstly, keep null hypothesis according three part of sub-architecture analysis as description, then processed the verbal data to evaluate the hypothesis, and the conclusion is: •the positive correlation between the mean integrated of data and process •the correlation between architecture and experience •the correlation between independence and membership of partner, this is the topic hypothesis of this study; other discovery need more data for the topic. The learning organization was a new type model, the thesis focused on "the intelligent model of top management team while the term were organized into learning organization", initiated to realize the communication with other member in top anagement team, tried to find out the relationship in top management team when they work together; and got the reason when they could succeed. In other reason, the study would like to find the examples of learning organization as clearly as possible in Taiwan. The conclusion for the thesis as follow: •reason for the difference in theme •reason for membership of partner •method to accelerate the revolution of change •the importance and method to participate the team action

Le Higgs est la seule particule du modèle standard qui résiste encore à la découverte. Ainsi le mécanisme de la brisure spontanée de la symétrie électrofaible qui fait intervenir le champ scalaire de Higgs pour générer les masses des bosons et des fermions, reste un mystère de la physique des particules. <br /><br />Dans cette thèse, on explore de manière approfondie ce secteur scalaire du modèle standard où réside le Higgs ainsi que les autres Goldstones. Et pour réaliser cette tâche, les meilleures sondes sont d'une part les bosons vecteurs massifs avantagés par leurs couplages au Higgs et par le fait que leurs modes longitudinaux représentent les Goldstones; et d'autre part le quark top avantagé par sa masse qui est de l'ordre de grandeur de l'échelle de la brisure de la symétrie életrofaible, lui conférant ainsi une fort couplage de yukawa, d'où sa trés grande sensiblité au secteur de la brisure de symétrie.<br /><br />La masse du Higgs étant inconnue, on balaie alors tout le spectre. Ainsi, dans un premier volet, on s'interesse au cas du Higgs léger et moyennement lourd. Et comme pour pouvoir décéler, de manière univoque, un signal de nouvelle physique de celui que donnerait le modèle standard, il faut pousser au moins à d'odre de la précision expérimentale, la précision des calculs effectués via le modèle standard. On commence alors par pousser les calculs des sections efficaces électrofaibles et QCD des processus ${W^-W^+ \to t\bar{t}}$ et ${ZZ \to t\bar{t}}$ jusqu'à l'ordre de la boucle. Ceci nécessite au préalable, la renormalisation des secteurs électrofaibles scalaires et spinoriels ainsi qu'une bonne maîtrise des techniques de calcul sous-jacentes.<br />Puis pour faire la part des contributions purement électrofaibles propres aux processus d'intérêts, on établit une formule analytique permettant de quantifier la contribution photonique universelle.<br />Ensuite, pour voir comment peut se révéler un signal de nouvelle physique, on traite l'influence sur les sections efficaces différentielles angulaires, d'opérateurs effectifs paramétrant le secteur de la brisure de la symétrie.<br />Pour enfin inclure les faisceaux de bosons vecteurs massifs dans une approche fonction de structure pour une phénoménologie au plus puissant collisionneur hadronique d'aujourd'hui: le LHC (Large Hadron Collider) et au collisionneur leptonique du futur proche: l'ILC (International Linear Collider).<br /><br />Dans le deuxième volet de cette thèse, on traite du cas du Higgs lourd violant le principe d'unitarité perturbative. On suit alors la procédure initiée par Contogouris, et on construit un modèle dispersif pour l'amplitude du processus $W_LW_L \to W_LW_L$. A hautes énergies, la résolution numérique de l'équation intégrale qui découle de notre construction, nous permet de mettre en évidence, à travers les résonances de l'amplitude dispersive, les manifestations d'un comportement en force forte de l'interaction électrofaible. Une analyse attentive des résultats qu'on obtient, nous permet d'une part d'estimer la valeur de la masse d'un Higgs lourd et d'autre part d'extraire une nouvelle limite pour la validité du calcul perturbatif dans la théorie électrofaible.