Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Sport Management in the Faculty of Business and Management Sciences at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology / Volunteer tourism, as a form of leisure and/or recreation, is one of the fastest growing forms of tourism globally. It has also become a critical human resource for many organisations in the Western Cape, South Africa who rely on the support of volunteer tourists. A review of the current literature showed that most volunteer tourism research studies is volunteer-tourist-centred and focus on the motivations for participation and the benefits of participation to the volunteer tourist. Very few studies consider the effect of volunteer tourism on the host organisation and within the South African context only two volunteer tourist profile studies exist. Both studies excluded host organisation factors that indicated how host organisations benefited from hosting volunteer tourists. This research study focussed on creating a comprehensive profile of volunteer tourists at SANCCOB (a non-profit seabird rehabilitation centre) in Table View, Western Cape, South Africa. The profile included demographic factors, motivational factors and SANCCOB specific information. Data were collected through an anonymous, self-administered, online questionnaire and from the data, five conclusions were made. Firstly, the demographic factors of volunteer tourists that participated in SANCCOB’s international volunteer programme was similar to other South African based volunteer tourism studies. Secondly, to experience something different and new was the most important motivational factor for volunteer tourists. Thirdly, volunteer tourists derived considerable benefit from volunteering at SANCCOB. Fourthly, volunteer tourists continued to support SANCCOB through social and financial activities after completing the programme, indicating that SANCCOB (as a host organisation) benefited from hosting volunteer tourists and that as a result, a mutually beneficial relationship exists between this host organisation and the volunteer tourist. Lastly, this study provided SANCCOB with valuable information for volunteer management, as well as future marketing and fundraising campaigns.

The main goal of this diploma paper was to analyze the tourist guide of the Czech Republic after joining The European Union, characterize their competence, claims and possibilities. The analysis relates especially to Czech, European and world organizations associating tourist guides and possibilities of tourist guides education in the Czech Republic. Another aim was to map utilization of tourist guides services in travel agency working.

Diploma thesis is focused on analysis of the marketing management in the Hotel Růže with emphasis on the retrieval of appropriate recommendations for future development of this company. The aim of the diploma thesis has been to analyse the system management in chosen hotel. The autor chose the Hotel Růže in Český Krumlov. The analysis was provided on the basis of questionnaire examination and interviewing of the hotel employees. Diploma thesis covers ideas which closely describe possible ways how to solve hotel management system.

The subject of thesis is ``The analysis of tourism services in the Klatovy region{\crqq}. It is focused on characteristics of tourism, determinates the basic concepts of the tourism, typology of tourism and typology of tourism services and it´s division into basic and supplementary tourism services. The thesis analyses actual state of tourism, the level and quality of services provided in the sample of particular accommodation and catering establishments and sport, recreaional and culture opportunities of the town and of the whole region.

Thesis deals with possibilities of rural tourism in the Highlands region. This part of the Czech Republic is, with its rural character, sufficient number of farmsteads and cottages and cultural and historical potential, very suitable for rural tourism. People go still more and more back to stays in the nature with opportunities for active holiday. Rural tourism is in the Czech Republic in the beginning and although the number of providers of this kind of tourism as well as interest of tourists has been increased during last years, it is not the main source of income yet. The aim of the work is to find out and evaluate the offer and extent of servises concerning rural tourism in the Highlands. As a tool for collecting information was used the questionnaire, which was distributed between providers. On the base of evaluated information, new possibilities of rural tourism development in the region were sketched and ideas to owners of rural tourism buildings were suggested.

A dissertação versa sobre o patrimônio e desenvolvimento do Turismo no Município de Inhambane (MI) em Moçambique. Por meio da abordagem interdisciplinar, nosso principal objetivo consistiu em estudar os elementos que compõem o patrimônio natural e cultural do lugar, a fim de propor alternativas inseridas no Turismo Criativo que enalteçam a valorização do espaço turístico desde a percepção dos atores/sujeitos do Turismo, nomeadamente: turista e população residente. Com o auxílio do Paradigma da Complexidade, e da unidade entre os princípios dialógico, recursivo e hologramático, nossa trilha investigativa baseou-se na Pesquisa Qualitativa. Primeiramente, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, desde as quais foram definidas as categorias e subcategorias operacionais da pesquisa. Na sequência, o trabalho de campo desenvolveu-se por meio da observação sistemática não-participante, de questionários e de entrevistas semiestruturadas, sobretudo, na base da amostragem não probabilística para turistas, e probabilística para os residentes locais. A última fase metodológica consistiu na análise e interpretação de dados, através da triangulação dos métodos descritivo, comparativo e estatístico. Em nossas indagações constatamos que o MI possui uma rica e diversificada oferta patrimonial de ordem natural, - a mais procurada pelos visitantes -, distribuída sobretudo ao longo das praias; e de influência histórico-cultural, localizada principalmente na sua área urbana. É através da apropriação deste patrimônio pelo Turismo que se produz a paisagem turística do MI. Esta paisagem, ao ser contemplada pelo sujeito turista, no momento, apesar de estruturar uma relação de ordem estética e afetiva, resulta ainda de valorações negativas. Cenário similar verifica-se na atitude dos residentes locais face ao desenvolvimento do Turismo. Apesar de apoiarem o Turismo, ao perceberem os benefícios econômicos imediatos, gradualmente, os residentes começam a ter algumas reservas a esse desenvolvimento, por causa dos custos socioambientais gerados pela atividade turística no seu espaço de lugar. Contudo, pensamos que um novo modelo de Turismo deva emergir no MI, que ao ir além das determinações do Turismo industrial, possibilite seu desenvolvimento de forma criativa, sobretudo quanto à preservação do patrimônio do lugar, e quanto à participação ativa das comunidades locais e seus integrantes neste desenvolvimento. / This dissertation is about heritage and Tourism development in Inhambane Municipality (IM) in Mozambique. Through an interdisciplinary approach, our aim was to study the elements that compose the place’s natural and cultural heritage, in order to propose alternatives based on Creative Tourism that emphasizes the value of the tourist space, from the perception of the Tourism actors, in particular: tourists and local population. With help of the Complexity Paradigm, and of the unity among the dialogic, recursive and hologrammatic principles, our research trail based on Qualitative Research, with the following methodological procedures. Firstly, a documents and literature review was done, from which the operational categories and subcategories of the research were defined. Following, there was a fieldwork operated by: non-participant systematic observation, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, above all, based on non-probabilistic sampling for tourists, and probabilistic for the local residents. The last methodological step was the data analysis and interpretation, by triangulating descriptive, comparative and statistical methods. In our investigations, we found that the IM has a rich and diverse heritage supply of natural order - the most popular with visitors - mainly distributed along the beaches; and historical-cultural influence, mostly located in the urban area of the municipality. It is through the appropriation of this heritage by Tourism that the touristic landscape of IM is produced. Although this landscape is structured in a relation between the aesthetic and affective feelings, there are negative valuations. Similar scenario is found in the attitude of local residents towards Tourism development. Although the majority endorses the Tourism development, due to the perceived economic benefits, gradually, residents are beginning to question this development, due to the social and environmental costs it has generated. However, we believe that a new Tourism model should emerge in IM. One that goes beyond the determinations of Tourism development as an industrial model enables a Tourism development as a creative model, especially concerning the place’s heritage preservation, and the active participation of the local communities and their members.

abstract: Many communities that once relied on the extractive industries have since turned to tourism to find another source of income. These communities are primarily old mining towns. Since these towns have started to reinvent themselves, they have become important places of study. Previous literature has found specific factors that are common in tourist shopping villages. Currently, there is not much research that has explored the affect the streetscape and servicescape have on visitor experiences. Existing research focuses on urban shopping settings such as shopping malls. This study interviewed employees and surveyed visitors in two suburban tourist shopping villages in Arizona. More specifically, it is aimed to explore how the streetscapes and servicescapes in tourist shopping villages influence visitors' overall experience, intent to return to the village, and their purchasing behavior. This study adds to the current literature on tourist shopping villages and the streetscapes and servicescapes as there is a limited amount of information available. To date, the majority of scholarly information available describes the factors of tourist shopping villages and does not attempt to identify their importance for tourists. This study may serve as a stepping platform for future research. The findings of this study offer important implications for destination marketing organizations, different stakeholders of tourism, and the policy makers. This study primarily focuses on the tourists' view of tourist shopping villages, and can offer insight into how to increase visitor spending. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Community Resources and Development 2013

Durante os anos de 1964 e 1985, o Brasil viveu sob uma ditadura militar, marcada por forte repressão político/ideológica aos oposicionistas do regime. Violência, tortura, impunidade e desigualdade foram algumas das consequências do período ditatorial que se instalou no país. Nesta fase, principalmente entre os anos de 1969 e 1974, houve intensa censura aos meios de comunicação (que resultou em controle de tudo que era publicado) e o governo investiu massivamente na divulgação do \"milagre econômico\" e temas nacionalistas como forma de manipular a população. Santos Filho (2008) afirma que a Empresa Brasileira de Turismo - EMBRATUR foi utilizada pelos militares para divulgar uma imagem positiva do país no exterior, uma vez que as denúncias de repressão e violência poderiam prejudicá-los. Esta divulgação foi feita por meio de estereótipos, prejudicando a atividade turística, como é o exemplo do turismo sexual. Esta pesquisa se propôs a investigar se os estereótipos turísticos utilizados no exterior também foram utilizados internamente como forma de promover a ideologia proposta pelos militares resultando em maior controle da população. Porém, neste caso, o corpus não será composto apenas por propaganda e publicidade, mas também (e principalmente) por notícias correntes, em que tais temas foram introduzidos de maneira sutil no cotidiano das pessoas. Foram utilizados os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: revisão bibliográfica e levantamento documental. De posse destas informações foi realizada a Análise Crítica do Discurso, tal análise nos permitiu compreender o sentido do texto e como ele se articulou com a história e com a sociedade. A revista Veja foi o objeto de análise desta investigação devido ao seu alcance nacional e sua expressiva tiragem no período. Foi realizado o levantamento de uma amostra das edições da Revista Veja, compreendendo o período em que a revista esteve sob censura (de 1969 até o primeiro semestre de 1974), sendo catalogados anúncios, capas, e matérias referentes às passagens que permitiram traçar um panorama do período. Brasil: terra do sol e do mar, das belas mulheres, do povo alegre e hospitaleiro! País rico em belezas e recursos naturais e hegemônico em futebol, carnaval e felicidade. Esse foi o Brasil reiteradamente apresentado nos discursos correntes no período analisado, sobretudo por meio dos estereótipos turísticos. Poucas são as literaturas que transitam pelos três temas: regime militar, imagem e estereótipos turísticos. Nesta pesquisa a história foi revista e reexaminada perante um aspecto até então não explorado. / During the years 1964 and 1984 Brazil lived a military rule, period marked by strong political repression / ideological. Violence, torture, impunity and inequality were some of the consequences of the dictatorial period that settled in the country. During this period, particularly between the years 1969 and 1974, there was intense censorship of the media and the government invested massively in the disclosure of the \"economic miracle\" and nationalist themes as a way to manipulate the population. Santos Filho (2008) states that Embratur was used by the military to spread a positive image of the country abroad, since the allegations of repression and violence could harm them. This disclosure was made by stereotypes, hurting tourism, as is the case of sex tourism. This research examined whether stereotypes tourist, proven already used abroad to promote a positive image of Brazil, were also used internally as a way to promote the military ideology, aiming at a better mastery of the population. To reach the proposed aim we used the following methodology: literature review and survey documents. Veja magazine has been the object of analysis of this research because of its national reach and significant circulation in the period. It conducted a survey of a sample of the editions of Veja magazine, including the period in which the search was under censorship (from 1969 until the first half of 1974), being cataloged ads, covers, and matters relating to the passages that allowed to give an overview period. With this information was held on Critical Discourse Analysis, this analysis allowed us to understand the meaning of the text and how it has been linked to the history and society. Brazil: land of sun and sea, the beautiful women, cheerful and hospitable people! Country rich in natural beauty and hegemonic in football, carnival and happiness. This was Brazil repeatedly presented in current discourse in the analyzed period, mainly through the tourist stereotypes. Few literatures transiting through three themes: the military regime, image and tourist stereotypes. In this research the story was revised before an aspect hitherto unexploited.

A dissertação versa sobre o patrimônio e desenvolvimento do Turismo no Município de Inhambane (MI) em Moçambique. Por meio da abordagem interdisciplinar, nosso principal objetivo consistiu em estudar os elementos que compõem o patrimônio natural e cultural do lugar, a fim de propor alternativas inseridas no Turismo Criativo que enalteçam a valorização do espaço turístico desde a percepção dos atores/sujeitos do Turismo, nomeadamente: turista e população residente. Com o auxílio do Paradigma da Complexidade, e da unidade entre os princípios dialógico, recursivo e hologramático, nossa trilha investigativa baseou-se na Pesquisa Qualitativa. Primeiramente, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, desde as quais foram definidas as categorias e subcategorias operacionais da pesquisa. Na sequência, o trabalho de campo desenvolveu-se por meio da observação sistemática não-participante, de questionários e de entrevistas semiestruturadas, sobretudo, na base da amostragem não probabilística para turistas, e probabilística para os residentes locais. A última fase metodológica consistiu na análise e interpretação de dados, através da triangulação dos métodos descritivo, comparativo e estatístico. Em nossas indagações constatamos que o MI possui uma rica e diversificada oferta patrimonial de ordem natural, - a mais procurada pelos visitantes -, distribuída sobretudo ao longo das praias; e de influência histórico-cultural, localizada principalmente na sua área urbana. É através da apropriação deste patrimônio pelo Turismo que se produz a paisagem turística do MI. Esta paisagem, ao ser contemplada pelo sujeito turista, no momento, apesar de estruturar uma relação de ordem estética e afetiva, resulta ainda de valorações negativas. Cenário similar verifica-se na atitude dos residentes locais face ao desenvolvimento do Turismo. Apesar de apoiarem o Turismo, ao perceberem os benefícios econômicos imediatos, gradualmente, os residentes começam a ter algumas reservas a esse desenvolvimento, por causa dos custos socioambientais gerados pela atividade turística no seu espaço de lugar. Contudo, pensamos que um novo modelo de Turismo deva emergir no MI, que ao ir além das determinações do Turismo industrial, possibilite seu desenvolvimento de forma criativa, sobretudo quanto à preservação do patrimônio do lugar, e quanto à participação ativa das comunidades locais e seus integrantes neste desenvolvimento. / This dissertation is about heritage and Tourism development in Inhambane Municipality (IM) in Mozambique. Through an interdisciplinary approach, our aim was to study the elements that compose the place’s natural and cultural heritage, in order to propose alternatives based on Creative Tourism that emphasizes the value of the tourist space, from the perception of the Tourism actors, in particular: tourists and local population. With help of the Complexity Paradigm, and of the unity among the dialogic, recursive and hologrammatic principles, our research trail based on Qualitative Research, with the following methodological procedures. Firstly, a documents and literature review was done, from which the operational categories and subcategories of the research were defined. Following, there was a fieldwork operated by: non-participant systematic observation, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, above all, based on non-probabilistic sampling for tourists, and probabilistic for the local residents. The last methodological step was the data analysis and interpretation, by triangulating descriptive, comparative and statistical methods. In our investigations, we found that the IM has a rich and diverse heritage supply of natural order - the most popular with visitors - mainly distributed along the beaches; and historical-cultural influence, mostly located in the urban area of the municipality. It is through the appropriation of this heritage by Tourism that the touristic landscape of IM is produced. Although this landscape is structured in a relation between the aesthetic and affective feelings, there are negative valuations. Similar scenario is found in the attitude of local residents towards Tourism development. Although the majority endorses the Tourism development, due to the perceived economic benefits, gradually, residents are beginning to question this development, due to the social and environmental costs it has generated. However, we believe that a new Tourism model should emerge in IM. One that goes beyond the determinations of Tourism development as an industrial model enables a Tourism development as a creative model, especially concerning the place’s heritage preservation, and the active participation of the local communities and their members.

Este trabalho propõe uma problematização do segmento de Turismo LGBT, com base na análise dos mecanismos de interpelação que são responsáveis pela produção do sujeito LGBT como um turista LGBT. Para isso, assume o folheto promocional da campanha “¡TRAE TUS COLORES!” como a materialidade de onde oito sequências discursivas são tomadas para compor o corpus de análise. Esta campanha, apoiada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Turismo (EMBRATUR), promoveu o Brasil como um destino turístico LGBT em dezembro de 2014 nas cidades de Madrid e Valência, na Espanha. A análise do folheto promocional se filia aos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Análise de Discurso francesa teorizada por Michel Pêcheux, que articula conceitos oriundos de três campos teóricos: da Psicanálise, do Materialismo Histórico e da Linguística. Por isso, aproxima os conceitos de sujeito e ideologia para discutir os mecanismos pelos quais a ideologia interpela esses sujeitos, autorizando alguns sentidos ao seu desejo inconsciente e desautorizando outros. Este processo, responsável por identificar o sujeito e censurar o desejo, produz deslocamentos de ordem psíquica e física, interpretados aqui como a busca pela realização do desejo através das viagens. Assume, portanto, que a impossibilidade de tomar uma posição, bem como de inscrever o desejo, é o que promove o deslocamento do sujeito, a pesquisa faz um retorno no campo do turismo. Esse último, é aproximado da noção de espetáculo (DEBORD, 1997), da qual é possível perceber a fetichização do desejo do sujeito na garantia da alienação desse sujeito de sua própria condição. Em seguida, demonstra pela análise das sequências discursivas selecionadas, o processo de produção de sentidos a partir das formações imaginárias (PECHEUX, 2014a). No caminho descrito, o trabalho sugere pensar o Turismo como um aparelho ideológico de Estado (ALTHUSSER, 2003), pois funciona como um campo de reprodução da ideologia dominante, que é a ideologia da classe dominante, responsável por regular os discursos que falam de e para os sujeitos LGBT. Discursos sobre uma sexualidade estigmatizada, inclusive através do Turismo, mobilizada em torno do significante sexo e intrinsicamente imbricada no jogo de forças ideológico de dominação desses sujeitos. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work proposes a problematization of LGBT Tourism segment, based on analysis of the interpellation mechanisms that are responsible for produce the LGBT subject as a LGBT tourist. To do this, assume the promotional leaflet of the campaign "TRAE TUS COLORES!" as the materiality from which eight discursive sequences are taken to compose the analysis corpus. This campaign, supported by the Brazilian Tourism Institute (EMBRATUR), promoted Brazil as an LGBT tourist destination in December 2014 in the cities of Madrid and Valencia, Spain. The analysis of the promotional leaflet is affiliated to the theorical-methodological dipositive of French Discourse Analysis theorized by Michel Pêcheux, articulating concepts from three theoretical fields: Psychoanalysis, Historical Materialism and Linguistics. For that reason, approaches the concepts of subject and ideology to discuss the mechanisms through which ideology interpellates these subjects, authorizing some senses to their unconscious desire and disallowing others. This process, responsible for identifying the subject and censor the desire, produces psychical and physical displacements, interpreted here as the search for the realization of desire through travel. Assume, therefore, that the impossibility of taking a position, as well as inscribing the desire, is what promotes the displacement of the subject, the research makes a return to the field of Tourism. The latter is approximated to the notion of spectacle (DEBORD, 1997), from which it is possible to perceive the fetishization of the subject's desire to guarantee the alienation of this subject from his own situation. Then, the analysis of the selected discursive sequences demonstrates the process of production of senses from the imaginary formations (PECHEUX, 2014a). In the way described, the work suggests think Tourism as an ideological apparatus of State (ALTHUSSER, 2003), because it functions as a field of reproduction of the dominant ideology, which is the ideology of the ruling class, responsible for regulating discourses that speak of and for LGBT subjects. Discourses about a stigmatized sexuality, including through Tourism, mobilized around the significant sex and intrinsically imbricated in the game of ideological forces of domination of these subjects.