The demand for care in a pediatric emergency department (PS-Ped) sometimes causes an overload in this service which has the purpose of meeting emergency care only. The actions of family care in finding the solution of health problems of children are complex, so it is necessary to understand the practices of care from the socioeconomic and cultural contexts. Thus, if asked about what would be the actions of family care to children treated in a pediatric emergency department, from its socio-cultural universe. This study aimed to understand the actions of family care for children treated at pediatric emergency from their sociocultural universe. This is a qualitative research of descriptive exploratory. Data collection was through semi-structured interviews with 12 family caregivers of children seen in a pediatric emergency department of a teaching hospital. The data were subjected to thematic content analysis according to Bardin (2011). This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the institution under CAAE 13149613.3.0000.5346 number. After analyzing the data, three categories emerged: support networks of caregivers for care of children seen in pediatric emergency, Learning to care for the families of children seen in a pediatric emergency department and skills and health practices of families children treated in a pediatric emergency department. During this study, it was possible to know the reality of families of children seen in a pediatric emergency department and, from that, to understand a bit how these families caring for their children from their sociocultural universe. In this study, it was found that the primary caregivers of these children are women and that women are often alone in caring for the child, both in everyday situations and in times of crisis, such as illness. Despite changes in the configuration of the family over the years, the role of women remains important and indispensable in the family context, especially in the care of its members. These caregivers can carry the weight of the cultural legacy of responsibility to care for and develop different care actions in the pursuit of solving the health problems of these children. In this context, it is noted that these caregivers pilgrimage for many health services to meet different needs related to health problems of children. Thus, it was observed that the sector of professional health care is at the expense of popular sectors (folk) and informal (popular) in the quest to solve the health problems to these children. Given this reality, it is perceived that the services of the health of the child are fragmented and there is not a service aiming at completeness. This study, to bring the realities of families of children seen in a pediatric emergency department, provided some answers to my concerns related to the demand of this service. The restructuring of child health care at all levels of care is recommended, considering the socio-cultural context of families of children seen in a pediatric emergency department. / A procura por atendimento em pronto socorro pediátrico (PS-Ped) por vezes acarreta uma sobrecarga neste serviço que possui a finalidade de atender somente urgências e emergências. As ações de cuidados da família na busca da solução dos agravos à saúde da criança são complexas, portanto é necessário compreender as práticas de cuidado a partir dos contextos socioeconômicos e culturais. Assim, questionou-se sobre quais seriam as ações de cuidado da família à criança atendida em pronto-socorro pediátrico, partindo de seu universo sociocultural. Este estudo objetivou compreender as ações de cuidado da família à criança atendida em pronto-socorro pediátrico a partir de seu universo sociocultural. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo descritivo-exploratório. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 12 familiares cuidadores de crianças atendidas em pronto-socorro pediátrico de um hospital de ensino. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temático conforme Bardin (2011). Esta pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética da instituição sob número CAAE 13149613.3.0000.5346. Após a análise dos dados, emergiram três categorias: Redes de apoio das cuidadoras para o cuidado de crianças atendidas em pronto-socorro pediátrico, Aprendizado para o cuidado das famílias de crianças atendidas em pronto-socorro pediátrico e Saberes e práticas em saúde das famílias de crianças atendidas em pronto-socorro pediátrico. Durante a realização deste estudo, foi possível conhecer a realidade das famílias de crianças atendidas em pronto-socorro pediátrico e, a partir disso, compreender um pouco a forma como estas famílias cuidam de seus filhos a partir de seu universo sociocultural. Neste estudo, verificou-se que as cuidadoras principais destas crianças são mulheres e que estas se encontram muitas vezes sozinhas nos cuidados com a criança, tanto em situações do cotidiano quanto em momentos de crise, como o adoecimento. Apesar de mudanças na configuração da família ao longo dos anos, o papel da mulher continua sendo importante e indispensável no contexto familiar, principalmente no cuidado de seus membros. Estas cuidadoras carregam consigo o peso do legado cultural da responsabilidade de cuidar e desenvolvem diversas ações de cuidado na procura da resolução dos problemas de saúde destas crianças. Neste contexto, destacou-se que estas cuidadoras peregrinam por diversos serviços de saúde para suprir diferentes necessidades relacionadas aos problemas de saúde das crianças. Assim, foi possível observar que o setor de cuidados profissional em saúde está em detrimento dos setores popular (folk) e informal (popular) na busca pela resolução dos agravos em saúde destas crianças. Diante desta realidade, percebe-se que os serviços de atenção à saúde da criança estão fragmentados e que não há um atendimento com vistas à integralidade. Este estudo, ao trazer realidades das famílias de crianças atendidas em pronto-socorro pediátrico, proporcionou algumas respostas às minhas inquietações relacionadas à demanda de atendimento do serviço. Recomenda-se a reestruturação dos serviços de atenção à saúde infantil em todos os níveis de atenção, considerando o contexto sociocultural das famílias de crianças atendidas em pronto-socorro pediátrico.

Le Feng shui regroupe les connaissances des Chinois sur les notions de temps, d’espace, d’environnement et lieu de vie (ville et habitation). C’est en effet le Feng shui qui a guidé, dès son « avènement » presque toutes les constructions édifiées pour les vivants et pour les morts en Chine. Aujourd’hui l’écologie et la protection de l’environnement sont les premières questions à prendre en compte dans la conception architecturale. Face à l’idée transmise par le Feng shui , nous ne pouvons pas nous empêcher de penser qu’une telle discipline si ancienne, très centrée sur l’environnement et l’habitation, peut servir de référence et d’inspiration au design de l’architecture moderne et au traitement de l’environnement . La question fondamentale de cette recherche est de savoir quelle est, ou quelles sont, la ou les véritable(s) source(s) de la pensée Feng shui. Au travers de nos recherches, nous tenons à prendre un certain recul vis-à-vis de la multitude de méthodes du Feng shui pour pouvoir pleinement nous concentrer sur leur philosophie transversale et ainsi tenter de synthétiser les différentes approches que l’on peut avoir de l’ensemble du monde Feng shui. Nous avons trouvé deux grands « fils rouges » de la doctrine Feng shui .Premier fil : le « qi 气» est la matière fondamentale de la composition du monde. Deuxième fil : La temporalité et l’action du Ciel comprise comme une puissance impersonnelle et ordonnatrice s’exerçant sur le monde au travers des régularités naturelles. Cette recherche est dans le but de construire une structure de recherche sur le sujet de « l’application du FENG SHUI dans la conception architecturale contemporaine et son environnement ». / The Feng shui brings together the knowledge of the Chinese on the notions of time, space, environment and all the building infrastructures. It is indeed Feng shui has guided, from its "coming" almost all the buildings constructed for the living and for the dead in China. Modern ecology and environmental protection are the top priorities to be considered in architectural design. Faced with the idea transmitted by the Feng shui, we can’t help thinking that such ancient discipline, very focused on the environment and housing, can serve as a reference and inspiration in the design of contemporary architecture and treatment of the environment. The basic question of this research is to know what was, or what were, the true (s) source (s) of the doctrine of Feng shui. Through our research, we want to take a step back to the multitude of methods of Feng Shui, and intended to fully concentrate on their cross philosophy, and try to synthesize the different approaches that can have globally of the Feng shui. We have found two major "red threads" of Feng shui .First thread: the "qi 气" is the basic material of the composition of the world. Second thread: Temporality and action of Heaven understood as an impersonal power and instructing exerted on the world through natural regularities. This research is in order to build a research facility on the topic of "the application of Feng Shui in contemporary architectural and environment design" and we hope that this first step will be considered important to the continued reflection.

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Η παρούσα εργασία, απαρτίζεται από τρία μέρη. Τα δυο πρώτα μέρη αποτελούν το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο και την εγκυκλοπαιδική εξέταση του θέματος και το τρίτο περιλαμβάνει το ερευνητικό κομμάτι της δουλειάς μας. Σε αυτό το σημείο, καλό θα ήταν να γίνει μια σύντομη παρουσίαση του καθενός ξεχωριστά. Στο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο, λοιπόν, εξετάζονται δύο θέματα. Αρχικά γίνεται μια σύντομη παρουσίαση αφενός της επιστήμης της Ανθρωπολογίας και αφετέρου της επιστήμης της Λαογραφίας, έτσι ώστε ο αναγνώστης να μπορεί να κατανοήσει τις γενικές αρχές και τους κανόνες που χαρακτηρίζουν τις δυο αυτές συναφείς επιστήμες. Επίσης, ιδιαίτερα μας απασχολούν έννοιες όπως “πολιτισμός”, “παραδοσιακός πολιτισμός”, “σύμβολα” και “έθιμα” και προσπαθούμε να δούμε πως οι παραπάνω έννοιες συνδέονται με τις επιστήμες της Ανθρωπολογίας και της Λαογραφίας. Στο δεύτερο μέρος του θεωρητικού πλαισίου, γίνεται αναφορά στις μεθόδους έρευνας που χρησιμοποιούν τόσο η Ανθρωπολογία όσο και η Λαογραφία για να μελετήσουν, παραδείγματος χάριν, μια πληθυσμιακή ομάδα, μια πτυχή ενός πολιτισμού ή ακόμα και έναν ολόκληρο πολιτισμό. Συγκεκριμένα, ερχόμαστε σε μια πρώτη επαφή με μεθόδους έρευνας όπως είναι η επιτόπια έρευνα, η συμμετοχική παρατήρηση και η συνέντευξη, τονίζοντας τα βήματα που ακολουθούνται, όπως επίσης και τα ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά μιας ανθρωπολογικής μελέτης. Στο τρίτο και τελευταίο τώρα μέρος, όπως αναφέρθηκε και παραπάνω, γίνεται μια παρουσίαση της μελέτης μας πάνω στο συγκεκριμένο έθιμο με το οποίο ασχοληθήκαμε. Αναλυτικότερα, με την μελέτη του εθίμου της “φρούτουλας” και του τρόπου με τον οποίο το έθιμο αυτό μαθαίνεται και περνάει από γενιά σε γενιά, ευελπιστούμε να δώσουμε στον αναγνώστη μία συστηματική περιγραφή όλης αυτής της εθιμικής διεργασίας που είναι ακόμα ζωντανή στην Μαλεσίνα. / This dissertation consists of three parts. In the first two parts the theoretical framework and encyclopaedic aspects of our theme are exposed, while the third part presents our research and its results. These three parts are briefly presented here. In regards to the theoretical framework, it deals with two issues. In the first part, it will be briefly presented on the one hand, the science of Anthropology and on the other hand the science of Laography, so that the reader can understand the general principles and rules that characterize these two related sciences. Also, concepts such as "culture", "traditional culture", "symbols" and "customs" will concern us and we will try to understand how the above concepts are related to the sciences of Anthropology and Laography. In the second part of the theoretical framework, we will refer to the survey methods used by both Anthropology and Laography to study, for instance, one ethnic group, one aspect of a culture or even an entire culture. Specifically, we will have a first contact with research methods such as fieldwork, participant observation and interview, highlighting the steps to be followed, as well as the specifics of anthropological study. In the third and last part, as mentioned above, we present our study on this particular custom which we dealt with. More specifically, by referring to the purpose of our work, the reasons for choosing the topic, the methodology, the first contact with the research, but also to the themes-categories that arise and characterize all the interviews, we hope to offer the reader a holistic view of all our research effort.

Cette thèse est une analyse de la transformation des pratiques festives quotidiennes, considérées comme traditionnelles, qui sont devenues des manifestations spectaculaires, dans le contexte actuel de la mondialisation. Ce chemin d'évolution entre la fête et le festival nous appelons le processus de festivalisation.Pour cette analyse, nous avons deux objets d'étude: le Festival Interceltique de Lorient, en Bretagne, qui est l'un des plus grands festivals d'Europe, et les fêtes du Congado Mineiro, une célébration religieuse qui se passe dans l'état du Minas Gerais, au Brésil. Le Festival Interceltique de Lorient, considéré comme une « entreprise du folklore », donne à la Bretagne une musique référante , exportable, adapté à la société moderne, et en même temps liée à la tradition. En parallèle, les fêtes du Congado Mineiro révèlent un processus déjà concrétisé dans le Festival Interceltique de Lorient: comme une fête quotidienne, familière, religieuse et civile devient peu à peu un spectacle, où l'authenticité et visibilité sont des critères conditionnels pour l'existence de la fête. Par le biais du Treze de Maio, l'un des groupes représentants du Congado Mineiro, nous comprendrons comment les processus de transmission du patrimoine musical sont passés, et comment la mise en scène de la tradition prend forme.Comme méthode d'analyse, nous nous sommes inspirés par la médiologie de Régis Debray, qui nous fournit des façons de voir et de réfléchir sur les éléments symboliques qui déterminent la dynamique des fêtes et festivals, et la relation de ces éléments avec la technique de transmission des idées, des valeurs et des croyances. / This thesis is an analysis about the process of transformation of the festive quotidian practices, considered as traditional, in spectacular manifestations, in the present context of globalization. This evolutionary way between the feast and the festival is what we call the festivalization process.To make this analysis, we have studied two objects: the Festival Interceltique de Lorient, one of the biggest festivals in Europe, and the feasts of Congado Mineiro, a religious celebration that happens in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.The Festival Interceltique de Lorient, the “professional business of folklore” in Brittany, produces a music 'model', exportable, adapted to modern society, and at the same time connected with the “tradition”. In parallel, the feasts of Congado Mineiro expose a process already settled by the Festival Interceltique de Lorient: How a daily, family, religious and civil party is reworked gradually to become a spectacle, where authenticity and visibility become a conditional criterion for the existence of the feast and festival. With the Treze de Maio group, one of the representatives of Congado Mineiro, we realise how the processes of transmission of the musical heritage are transmitted, and how the mise en scène of tradition takes shape.As a method of analysis, we look to the “mediology” of Regis Debray, which offers us ways to look and reflect about the symbolic elements that determine the dynamics of the feast and festivals, and the relations of these elements with the technical transmission of ideas, values and beliefs. / Esta tese de doutorado é uma análise do processo de transformação das práticas festivas cotidianas, tidas como tradicionais, em manifestações espetaculares, no atual contexto da globalização. Este trajeto evolutivo da festa e o festival, é o que chamamos de processo de festivalização.Para esta análise temos dois objetos de estudo: o Festival Interceltique de Lorient, na Bretanha, que é um dos maiores festivais das Europa, e as festas do Congado Mineiro, um celebração religiosa que acontece no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil.O Festival Interceltique de Lorient , uma "empresa do folclore" da à Bretanha uma música « modelo », exportável, adaptada à sociedade moderna, e vinculada ao mesmo tempo à tradição. Paralelamente, as festas do Congado Mineiro nos revelam um trajeto já percorrido pelo Festival Interceltique de Lorient: como uma festa cotidiana, familiar, religiosa e cível se reelabora pouco a pouco, tornando-se em espetáculo, onde a autenticidade e a visibilidade tormam-se critérios condicionais para a existência da festa. Através do grupo Treze de Maio, um dos representante do Congado Mineiro, percebemos como os processos de transmissão da herança musical e performática são repassados, e como a mise en scène da tradição ganha forma. Como método de análise, nos inspiramos na mediologia de Regis Debray, que nos fornece caminhos para olhar e refletir sobre os elementos simbólicos que determinam a dinâmica das festas, e a relação entre esses elementos e as técnicas de transmissão de ideias, valores e crenças.

This study began focused on the use of traditional knowledge in promoting sustainable development in crisis conditions. Presented the question: How have successful community-level sustainable development efforts undertaken under crisis conditions drawn upon indigenous knowledge to achieve positive outcomes? The study is a cross case analysis. The three cases addressed in this study have explained some of the ways that indigenous knowledge has played significant positive roles in promoting sustainable development for communities living under crisis conditions in Palestine. Indigenous knowledge community based patterns indicated significant focus on strengths of local culture, social cohesion, the integration process, and special advantages for policy implementation from the community level as key components of sustainable development in crisis conditions. The study contributes to theory by analyzing common elements from the case studies and providing a set of testable propositions, grounded in those successful experiences that can be a starting point for building theory. Practically, the study has generated lessons that sustainable development policy implementers and decision makers can learn from when addressing sustainable development in different crisis conditions contexts.

This study probes selected stories from Bessie Head's The Collector of Treasures (1977) in order to elicit instances of contiguity and disjuncture between orality and literacy, to establish Head's complex identity configurations which are often manifested in the interactions between aesthetic form and content, authorial consciousness, character delineation, and narrative voice. At the same time, the dissertation explores her portrayal of the proscribed condition of women, the subversive consciousness that undercuts women's subjugation by patriarchy, and her vision for the liberatory possibilities for women from the exigencies of patriarchal domination. I also examine Head's (re-)vision of culture within the framework of hybridity and creolity and determine how some of these perspectives are crystallized in discourses such as When Rain Clouds Gather (1968), Maru (1971) and A Question of Power (1973). I juxtapose my reading of Head with other African writers such as Bâ, Emecheta and Nwapa to draw references in instances where the context permits. The dominant critical approach adopted in this thesis is a contextual approach. I consider this approach useful for my purposes because of its flexibility, the attention it pays to the formal properties of literary texts and, its cognizance of the socio-historical genesis of texts and its demonstration of literature's timeless value. / English Studies / M.A. (English)

This study probes selected stories from Bessie Head's The Collector of Treasures (1977) in order to elicit instances of contiguity and disjuncture between orality and literacy, to establish Head's complex identity configurations which are often manifested in the interactions between aesthetic form and content, authorial consciousness, character delineation, and narrative voice. At the same time, the dissertation explores her portrayal of the proscribed condition of women, the subversive consciousness that undercuts women's subjugation by patriarchy, and her vision for the liberatory possibilities for women from the exigencies of patriarchal domination. I also examine Head's (re-)vision of culture within the framework of hybridity and creolity and determine how some of these perspectives are crystallized in discourses such as When Rain Clouds Gather (1968), Maru (1971) and A Question of Power (1973). I juxtapose my reading of Head with other African writers such as Bâ, Emecheta and Nwapa to draw references in instances where the context permits. The dominant critical approach adopted in this thesis is a contextual approach. I consider this approach useful for my purposes because of its flexibility, the attention it pays to the formal properties of literary texts and, its cognizance of the socio-historical genesis of texts and its demonstration of literature's timeless value. / English Studies / M.A. (English)

Thesis (M. A. (Media Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Culture gives identity to the people, that which should run from one generation to another. In this information age, media are expected to be carriers of culture to help sustain its transmission through generations. This case study explored the role of the South African public broadcaster in sustaining African traditional culture concerning SABC 2 soap opera named Muvhango. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with a sample of 25 participants from Tshakhuma village in Vhembe District. The study hypothesised that there is a misrepresentation of reality in soap opera. However, the findings of the study prove that media representations about tradition are a true reflection of the culture impersonated. The results have shown that there is a good relationship between the media and culture, which the media as transmitters of culture are fulfilling. The findings of the study have proven sustainability of culture. However, thorough research is encouraged for content producers to have more accurate and truthful representation.

The pillars on which this study is based (stands) could be compared with the observations of Ejiofor (1981: 4), who says the modern-and-African political models have not been sufficiently discovered, developed, and operated in African states. One thinks that the social and political behaviour of African people are in conflict with the present day political structures and institutions. Political and economic actors fail to harness the knowledge, attitudes, and responses with the indigenous values. Own to these reasons the present political dispensations in Africa are misconceived and ill-adapted to their reality. Hence, the call for detailed study of home-grown African values as a means to redress these imbalances has become inevitable. This study is based on Igbo cultural solidarity as a means to address and achieve rural development in Africa. Meanwhile, this study attempts to re-ignite and re-echo ‘people-based’ and understood ‘home-based’ models of achieving rural development as focused on Okigwe-Owerri-Orlu political divisions among the Igbo of South-eastern Nigeria. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)