In this paper I discuss the theory of altered states of consciousness. Some of the rock art of the san-people in southern Africa and the lakota people in South Dakota, USA have been inspired by experiences during trance. The question is if some of the rock art in southern Scandinavia also have been inspired by trance experiences, and if archaeological scientists by investigating this theoretical view might find a better understanding as far as the Bronze Age in Southern Scandinavia is concerned.

Swan is a multimedia work for conducted ensemble with amplified instruments, electronics and video projections. Swan is about going out: going out to the street, to the club, to a ritual, to a party or a funeral. It’s about real places with real people, but less about the realities of these places and more about their vibe. It’s about getting out of home, the studio, the institution, going to places where people connect and do things, sing, dance, laugh, cry, perform or celebrate. The music of Swan come from ‘outside.’ Swan’s aesthetic is a blend of Turkish/Islamic and pop-cultural elements. The opening section, Korridor, is a drone/ambient movement with a big trance synth part. It is ritual music. It is big, dense, heavy, and it moves slowly, like lava. Karaoke Mahshar is a Turkish Trance-Pop hybrid. It is a very melancholic, dark piece of music. The instrumental choir sing an emotional pop/“fantasy music” (a Turkish genre) melody in unison over a flamboyant electronic track. It’s the soundtrack to a club for the wasted, for emotional after-hours karaoke. The final section, Rod Modell, is a dub-techno influenced ambient movement. It is the sound of a giant, post-apocalyptic mosque - a mosque sunken in chalky waters. This section evolves to a big, stretched monophonic melody, a song from the old times, which finally cadences to an electronically processed “tilâvet”. I started composing Swan in July 2016 in Turkey, before the military coup attempt took place. The work is not programmatic, however, the sound materials I worked with, the musical references and the sonic and visual iconography it incorporates are rather influenced by and derive from the sounds, sights and emotions I experienced during my stay. By the end of my visit, a person who had been very dear to my heart, Ferhunde Köke, had passed away. I recorded the sounds of her burial accompanied by a hafız’s recitation of the Surah Al-Baqarah 2:156 from the Holy Qur’an which I edited, processed and ended this work with.

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Este trabalho procura discutir o modo como os fenômenos sobrenaturais foram apropriados, pela ciência, no século XIX. A teoria do magnetismo animal, criada por Mesmer, com suas variadas interpretações por várias gerações de discípulos; a construção da teoria da hipnose, com a codificação da histeria abrindo definitivamente as portas das censuras acadêmicas; e a teoria da dissociação, criada no final daquele século, demonstram diferentes explicações fisicalistas que, muitas vezes, serviram para estabelecer distâncias entre um saber popular e o conhecimento de elites profissionais. A construção do cérebro possuído, no século XIX, apoiada na nosologia da histeria, codificada pela Escola de Salpêtrière, refletiu uma importante transformação social da época, em um processo de laicização da assistência pública, fundamental para a afirmação da psiquiatria como disciplina nascente. Atualmente, a codificação de fenômenos complexos, como transe e possessão espiritual que povoam a imaginação ou a superstição popular, ganha o estatuto de entidade nosológica, a partir das classificações diagnósticas oficiais da psiquiatria hegemônica. O cérebro será quase sempre a referência utilizada na esperança de naturalização do sobrenatural. / This study discusses the way supernatural phenomena were enfolded by science in nineteenth century. The theory of magnetism, created by Mesmer, and its different interpretations by generations of disciples; the theory of hypnosis with hysteria codification, opening the academic censure; and the dissociation theory, created at the end of the nineteenth century, had demonstrated different efforts of finding physicals explanations, which served, in most cases, to establish distances between folk knowledge and elites of professional knowledge. The construction of the possessed brain, in nineteenth century, based on the hysteria nosology of Salpêtrière School, reflected an important social transformation, at that time, in a laicization process of public assistance, and an affirmation of psychiatry as a nascent discipline. Nowadays, the codification of complex mental states as trance, spiritual possession, which inhabit superstitious and popular imagination, receive a nosologic entity status from official diagnostic classification in psychiatry. Brain is mostly the reference used in the hope of supernatural naturalization.

Les Gnawa sont présents dans toutes les grandes villes du Maroc (Oujda, Tanger, Casablanca, Fès, Meknès, Rabat, Marrakech, Essaouira, Agadir etc.). Musiciens, officiants et adeptes se rassemblent dans un rituel nocturne baptisé la lîla (litt. "une nuit") lequel célèbre à la fois, Dieu, son prophète Muhammad, l'Afrique subsaharienne ainsi que de nombreux autres entités invisibles réparties en sept familles. La musique, la danse et la transe sont omniprésentes dans cette célébration. Cette thèse analyse l'identité des Gnawa, leurs représentations, leurs instruments rituels, leurs performances, leur musique, les textes chantés, leurs danses et leurs transes. L'examen de ces différents champs d'activité révèle que les Gnawa jouent avec l'ambiguïté de manière systémique et à plusieurs niveaux. Leur perception par la société marocaine, leur "panthéon", leurs rythmes, leurs danses et leurs transes, tous ces aspects des actions et de la pensée des Gnawa sont actés avec ambiguïté. Confrérie hybride qui a autant perpétué la mémoire de ses racines subsahariennes qu'assimilé les influences mystiques et politiques de sa société d'exil, les Gnawa - des noirs mais aussi des métis et des blancs - ont érigé en art le fait de réconcilier des imaginaires potentiellement conflictuels dans la société marocaine. Mais paradoxalement, ils se doivent de cultiver ésotérisme et étrangeté pour conserver leur légitimité d'experts de l'invisible. / Gnawa are living in all the big towns of Morocco (Oujda, Tanger, Casablanca, Fes, Meknes, Rabat, Marrakech, Essaouira, Agadir etc.). Musicians, officiants and adepts gather in a night ritual called the leela (litt. "one night") which celebrates at the same time God, his prophet Muhammed, Sub-Saharan Africa and other many invisible entities divided in seven families. Music, dance and trance are ubiquitous in this ceremony.This thesis gives the analysis of Gnawa identity, of their representations, their ritual instruments, their performances, their music, their sung texts, their dances and their trances. The examination of these differents fields reveals that Gnawa play with ambiguity in a systemic way and at many levels. The way Moroccan society see them, their "pantheon", their rhythms, their dances and trances, all these aspects of their actions and thought are acted with ambiguity.Hybrid brotherhood which has both carried on the memory of its Sub-Saharan roots and integrated the mystic and political influences of its society of exile, the Gnawa - Blacks but also Mixed and White - have raised in art the fact to bring back imaginaries potentially contentious together in the Moroccan society. But paradoxically, they have to maintain esotericism and otherness to preserve their legitimacy of experts of the unseen.

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Este trabalho procura discutir o modo como os fenômenos sobrenaturais foram apropriados, pela ciência, no século XIX. A teoria do magnetismo animal, criada por Mesmer, com suas variadas interpretações por várias gerações de discípulos; a construção da teoria da hipnose, com a codificação da histeria abrindo definitivamente as portas das censuras acadêmicas; e a teoria da dissociação, criada no final daquele século, demonstram diferentes explicações fisicalistas que, muitas vezes, serviram para estabelecer distâncias entre um saber popular e o conhecimento de elites profissionais. A construção do cérebro possuído, no século XIX, apoiada na nosologia da histeria, codificada pela Escola de Salpêtrière, refletiu uma importante transformação social da época, em um processo de laicização da assistência pública, fundamental para a afirmação da psiquiatria como disciplina nascente. Atualmente, a codificação de fenômenos complexos, como transe e possessão espiritual que povoam a imaginação ou a superstição popular, ganha o estatuto de entidade nosológica, a partir das classificações diagnósticas oficiais da psiquiatria hegemônica. O cérebro será quase sempre a referência utilizada na esperança de naturalização do sobrenatural. / This study discusses the way supernatural phenomena were enfolded by science in nineteenth century. The theory of magnetism, created by Mesmer, and its different interpretations by generations of disciples; the theory of hypnosis with hysteria codification, opening the academic censure; and the dissociation theory, created at the end of the nineteenth century, had demonstrated different efforts of finding physicals explanations, which served, in most cases, to establish distances between folk knowledge and elites of professional knowledge. The construction of the possessed brain, in nineteenth century, based on the hysteria nosology of Salpêtrière School, reflected an important social transformation, at that time, in a laicization process of public assistance, and an affirmation of psychiatry as a nascent discipline. Nowadays, the codification of complex mental states as trance, spiritual possession, which inhabit superstitious and popular imagination, receive a nosologic entity status from official diagnostic classification in psychiatry. Brain is mostly the reference used in the hope of supernatural naturalization.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-13T12:25:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Sérgio Alberto Cunha Vencio - 2017.pdf: 2722594 bytes, checksum: 80a33a6cb62da8ad55462ad15376f83c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-13T12:26:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Sérgio Alberto Cunha Vencio - 2017.pdf: 2722594 bytes, checksum: 80a33a6cb62da8ad55462ad15376f83c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-13T12:26:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Sérgio Alberto Cunha Vencio - 2017.pdf: 2722594 bytes, checksum: 80a33a6cb62da8ad55462ad15376f83c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-30 / Objective - To evaluate the HPA axis and the mental health status in a non-pathological dissociation condition (mediumship) Methods - In this prospective and controlled study, 29 psychophonic mediums (group 1) were evaluated before and after psychophony and compared to 22 non-medium volunteers of the same religious context (group 2) before and after a creative visualization, simulating a mediumistic assistance. Plasma catecholamines, ACTH, cortisol and glucose were measured pre-and 1 hour after the intervention. A structured questionnaire - DDIS was applied (Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule) and the results were compared with historical data from patients with dissociative disorder (DD) who answered the DDIS. Results - In group 1, cortisol and ACTH decreased (14.7 μg/dl to 11.2 μg/dl with p-0.001 and 20.6 pg/ml to 13.9 pg/ml with p-0.001, respectively), However, the HPA axis showed diversified responses with epinephrine and noradrenaline decreasing after the intervention (39 pg/ml at 33 pg/ml and 311.2 pg/ml at 284.1 pg/ml, respectively) and an increased in dopamine (41.7 pg/ml to 44.4 pg/ml with p-0.046). In group 2, cortisol decreased from 15.5 μg/dl to 13.4 μg/dl (p -0.01). The scores obtained in the structured interview (DDIS) were similar in both groups, but with considerable differences when compared with historical data from TD patients. Conclusion - This study showed that one hour after psychophony the HPA axis remains preserved in mediums. Dopamine is the main neurochemistry of religious manifestations and may eventually constitute a biomarker of this phenomenon. / Objetivo - Avaliar o eixo HHA e o estado de saúde mental em uma condição de dissociação não-patológica (mediunidade) Métodos - Neste estudo prospectivo e controlado, 29 médiuns de psicofonia (grupo1) foram avaliados pré e pós psicofonia e comparados com 22 voluntários não médiuns do mesmo contexto religioso (grupo 2) pré e pós uma visualização criativa, simulando uma assistência mediúnica. Catecolaminas plasmáticas, ACTH, cortisol e glicose foram medidas pré e 1 hora após a intervenção. Um questionário estruturado DDIS foi aplicado (Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule) e os resultados foram comparados com dados históricos de pacientes com transtorno dissociativo (TD) que responderam ao DDIS. Resultados - No grupo 1, o cortisol e o ACTH diminuíram (14,7 μg/dl para 11,2 μg/dl com p- 0,001 e 20,6 pg/ml para 13,9 pg/ml com p-0,001, respectivamente), apesar disso, o eixo HHA mostrou respostas diversificadas com epinefrina e noradrenalina diminuindo após a intervenção (39 pg/ml a 33 pg/ml e 311,2 pg/ml para 284,1 pg/ml, respectivamente) e aumento da dopamina (41,7 pg/ml a 44,4 pg/ml com p-0,046). No grupo 2, o cortisol diminuiu de 15,5 μg/dl para 13,4 μg/dl (p-0,01). Os escores obtidos na entrevista estruturada (DDIS) foram semelhantes nos dois grupos, porém com diferenças consideráveis quando comparados com os valores históricos de pacientes com TD. Conclusão - Este estudo mostrou que uma hora após a psicofonia o eixo HHA permanece preservado em médiuns. A dopamina é a principal neuroquímica de manifestações religiosas e pode eventualmente se constituir num marcador desse fenômeno.

Esta dissertação se limita a registros de experiências e relatos documentais para evidenciar como as novas tecnologias alteram a prática religiosa, e refletir sobre a ressignificação de imagens sagradas do candomblé quando transitam entre meios audiovisuais e seus processos. A pesquisa objetiva seguir por trajetórias de registros do corpo humano em transe por diferentes dispositivos em diversos meios eletrônicos, para reuni-los em uma exposição de fotografias, vídeo e documentário expandido em múltiplas telas e diversos espaços dentro de uma série de instalações. O estudo amplia fronteiras entre o registro documental do evento religioso e sua reconstrução dentro do espaço expositivo, criando teias de relações entre as linguagens do cinema, fotografia, artes visuais e antropologia em espaços arquitetônicos complexos para potencializar uma experiência imersiva e sensorial. / This dissertation focuses on documentary records of experiences and interviews to examine how new technologies are changing religious practices, and how sacred images in the African-Brazilian religion of candomblé are being re-signified in transit between different eletronic and digital media. The research aims to chart the visual documentation of the human body in trance, generated by a wide variety of different devices, as it journeys through different media. The result of this study will generate an exhibition in which photography, video and documentary film will roam freely over multiple screens and various spaces within a particular venue. The study wishes to expand the boundaries between the documentation of a religious event and its reconstruction within the exhibition space, exploring multi-tiered relationships between cinema, photography, visual arts and anthropology in complex environments, in order to maximize the potential of an immersive, sensory experience.

This study examines how professional storytellers negotiated a new storytelling stage—the videoconference platform—as they pivoted their careers during mandated shutdowns due to COVID-19. An examination of the literature reveals extremely limited research involving either professional storytellers or live virtual storytelling. After interviewing five professional storytellers, I analyzed their stories through narrative inquiry. Analysis revealed that the storytellers negotiated the limitations and affordances of Zoom and adapted their storytelling to successfully connect with their audiences. Through crafting a narrative of their stories, I was able to represent their emotions, unique experiences, and abilities to adapt to the online environment. Their stories document significant changes in the art of storytelling during a historic era. This research reveals how storytellers can master the techniques of online storytelling and effectively tell stories to synchronous virtual audiences.

A música é utilizada nos ritos de umbanda no momento da incorporação, ponto culminante deste ritual. Investigar o papel da música no ritual umbandista e, por meio deste, também na vida humana é ao que se propõe a dissertação. O primeiro passo é analisar de perto a natureza da música, assim como de seus elementos presentes na música feita na umbanda, a melodia e o ritmo, e a relação da música com o ser humano, no nível social, individual e neurológico. O segundo passo é investigar os conceitos de identidade, dissociação, mediunidade, alteração de consciência, transe e incorporação. Em seguida, é feita revisão da relação entre música e transe, conforme os conceitos propostos por Rouget, autores do campo de musicoterapia e outros que estudaram a relação entre transe e percussão. Um breve histórico da umbanda e da linhagem de terreiro do qual eu próprio participo, assim como da atividade corpórea que envolve a música nesse terreiro, são apresentados a seguir, situando minha própria experiência na incorporação umbandista. A música utilizada na umbanda é apresentada por meio de partituras e comentada quanto a seu caráter musical e suas letras, assim como da atuação da natureza da música no momento da incorporação. Verificou-se que a música atua conjuntamente com o contexto do grupo social e da intenção do adepto para que venha a contribuir com o processo de incorporação. A música pode distender as forças que organizam as identidades do sujeito e dispô-lo corporal e subjetivamente à mobilidade, quando este se envolve com a música. Na umbanda, o envolvimento se dá por meio de dança preparatória, a qual é praticada precedendo a incorporação. O trabalho de incorporação ou modificação das identidades resulta do acionamento da música, do contexto social do rito e da intenção do sujeito que se dispõe ao processo, ocorrendo então um deslizar desde a identidade habitual a outra identidade, construída no rito, que permite se manifestem, segundo a doutrina, entidades espirituais / Music is employed in Umbanda rites during incorporations, the high point of such rituals. Investigating it\'s role in these rituals and, hereby, it\'s role in human life is the purpose of this dissertation. The first step is to closely analyse music\'s nature as well as the nature of the elements present in the music performed in Umbandist rites, it\'s melody and rhythm, and the relation between music and human being in a social, individual and neurological level. The second step is to investigate the concepts of identity, dissociation, mediumship, alterated conciousness, trance and incorporation. Then the relation between music and trance are revised, in accordance with Rouget\'s proposed concepts, authors on music therapy and others who studied the relation between trance and percussion. A brief historic on Umbanda and the terreiro lineage I personally come from, as well as the physical activity which engages with music in this particular terreiro, are presented next, establishing my own experience in Umbandist incorporation. The music utilized is such rituals is presented here through music sheets with commentaries on it\'s musical character and lyrics, as well as the agency of the nature of music at the time of incorporation. It was found that music acts along with both the social context and the individual\'s own intentions in order to contribute to the process of incorporation. Music can distend the forces which organize an individual\'s identities leaving them open to mobility, both physical and subjective, when this subject engages with music. In Umbanda, the involvement happens through a preliminary dance which is practiced before incorporations. The work of incorporating or modifying one own\'s identity results from the musical stimulation, from the stimulation of the social context of the rite and from the intention of the subject who is disposed to the process, occurring then a sliding from the habitual identity to another, designed throughout the rites, which allows incorporeal entities to manifest itself, according to the religion\'s beliefs

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Welliton Rogerio Barros Moraes.pdf: 5836589 bytes, checksum: f19f3046b3e3787f337a5a9a6fc114e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation aims to establish correlations between virtuality technology, promoted by computer systems, and the symbolic universe, created by religious affiliation in which the phenomenon of trance exerts primary function. The prerogative postulated for this work is that the expansion and multiplication of realities arising from the intensification of the current use of technology gives the individual communication skills beyond their biological capacity, which in parallel pathways dialogues with religious experiences that involve contacts with extraordinary universes. This argument is unsubstantiated by theorists who have studied the subject and supported by individuals who make religious use of ayahuasca for at least five years, who were subject of case study in this research / Essa dissertação objetiva estabelecer correlações entre a virtualidade tecnológica, promovida pelos sistemas computacionais, e o universo simbólico, criado pelas pertenças religiosas nas quais o fenômeno do transe exerce função primordial. A prerrogativa postulada por esse trabalho é de que a expansão e a multiplicação das realidades decorrentes da atual intensificação do uso da tecnologia conferem ao indivíduo habilidades de comunicação além da sua capacidade biológica, o que por vias paralelas dialoga com experiências religiosas que pressupõem contatos com universos extraordinários. Essa argumentação é substanciada por teóricos que se debruçaram sobre o tema e corroborada por indivíduos que fazem uso religioso da ayahuasca há pelo menos cinco anos, que foram objeto de estudo de caso nessa pesquisa