This dissertation examines narratives of early modern women travelers and the spectacles these women produced as a strategy to negotiate gender paradigms that aimed to silence and immobilize women. In María de Zayas's short novel “La esclava de su amante” (1647), the protagonist's journey to North Africa gives her the tools she needs to publically address her rape. Historia de la Monja Alférez (c. 1626) is the autobiography of Catalina de Erauso, whose constant movement on both sides of the Atlantic allows her to construct a spectacle of hybridity that both entertains her audiences and authorizes her many transgressions. Finally, Viaje de cinco religiosas capuchinas de Madrid a Lima (1722) highlights the masses of people who clamor to catch a glimpse of the itinerant nuns, creating a spectacle that reaffirms the women's importance in the social hierarchy of the Spanish Kingdom. In these three baroque texts, I highlight the construction of the female traveler's body and the suffering it endures while crossing great distances. I examine the ways in which each text reimagines or reorganizes the traveler's social relationships and her place in early modern Hispanic society. Through an analysis of spectacle based on the mediation of these relationships, I interrogate the image of women travelers and the power that image has to push back against a gendered social hierarchy.

Contemporary French identity issues are often conceived spatially in popular imagination and political discourse. France and French identity have been mapped into a series of imagined exclusionary spaces through media representations and political rhetoric. This dissertation argues that artists in the fields of film, rap music and fiction are actively yet often indirectly intervening in French identity debates by reframing the question of “integration” and by demonstrating that not only can one be simultaneously French and “other,” but that French identity is always already more complex and transnational than prevailing discourses of “imagined” identity will admit. This is done most effectively, I contend, by avoiding the clichéd and reductive spaces and spatial categories that inflect the debate. The works I examine employ travel and motion to move beyond the discursive ghettos such as beur or banlieue cinema or “minority” music and fiction. While often less overtly political these responses are more effective than the more typical banlieue narrative of clash and confrontation with power. Taking examples from cinema, I argue that the road movies I address are effective weapons of the weak precisely because they avoid the traps inherent in representing the banlieue. My analysis demonstrates that the discursive ghetto is not always a bad thing for a filmmaker because referring to representational stereotypes can open the possibility of more readily “trapping” the viewer and therefore forcing him/her to actively participate in the process of decoding the author’s positioning. Often works attempting to contest spatial exclusion run the risk of simply falling into entrenched binary conceptions of society, reinforcing what the viewer already thinks they know about life in the suburbs or as a minority in general. Looking beyond cinema to music and literature, I demonstrate how artists are mobilizing narrative of space and identity to re-chart France with “hyphenated” perspectives, from African and Algerian to Portuguese and Pied-noir. / text

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of English, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-61).

Submitted by Vinicius Gesteira (gesteiravl@openmailbox.org) on 2016-09-19T17:58:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GESTEIRA_Rituais_Juridicos.pdf: 4691810 bytes, checksum: 56a4c22d803fb6fcc662718a9da29463 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Hozana Azevedo (hazevedo@ufba.br) on 2016-10-04T17:32:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GESTEIRA_Rituais_Juridicos.pdf: 4691810 bytes, checksum: 56a4c22d803fb6fcc662718a9da29463 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T17:32:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GESTEIRA_Rituais_Juridicos.pdf: 4691810 bytes, checksum: 56a4c22d803fb6fcc662718a9da29463 (MD5) / CAPES / Este é um trabalho de antropologia histórica realizado a partir das crônicas produzidas por europeus sobre as práticas jurídicas africanas da Costa da Mina, entre 1602 e 1789. Essas práticas são analisadas a partir do conceito de ritual jurídico e categorizadas em rituais contratuais, comprobatórios e executórios. Seguindo a tradição dos estudos rituais, o ritual é compreendido tanto na sua dimensão religiosa como secular. Como as descrições europeias estudadas estão repletas de etnocentrismo, plágios e ponderações enviesadas, lança­se mão de um esforço de desconstrução cultural para contornar as distorções interpretativas dos cronistas. Considera­se que essa leitura crítica dos textos, e a contextualização do clima intelectual em que foram produzidos, permite usar esse material enquanto fonte histórico­ etnográfica. O resultado é uma antropologia histórica dividida em três períodos, estabelecidos, sobretudo, para fins analíticos e expositivos: o período do idioma demonológico, o do idioma do interesse e o do idioma civilizacional. Para cada um deles são considerados três cronistas, examinando em detalhe suas trajetórias biográficas e os seus escritos relativos aos rituais jurídicos. Essa abordagem permite identificar correlações culturais, políticas e religiosas entre os vários discursos, assim como levantar hipóteses sobre as possíveis transformações históricas desses rituais jurídicos. / This is a work of historical anthropology based on the chronicles produced by Europeans on African legal practices of the Mina Coast, between 1602 and 1789. These practices are analyzed using the concept of “judicial ritual” and classified into contractual, evidentiary and executory rituals. Following the tradition of ritual studies, ritual is here understood in both its religious and secular dimensions. Because European descriptions are full of ethnocentrism, plagiarism and biased comments, an effort of cultural deconstruction is made to overcome such interpretative distortions. It is believed that the critical reading of the texts and the contextualization of the intellectual atmosphere in which they were produced enables one to use this material as a historical­ethnographic source. The result is a historical anthropology divided in three main periods, established mainly for analytical and expositive purposes: the period of demonological language, the period of the interest language and the period of the civilization language. For each of them three chroniclers are considered, examining in detail their biographies and their writings on judicial rituals. This approach allows one to identify cultural, political and religious correlations between the various discourses as well as to suggest hypothesis about possible historical transformations of these judicial rituals.

Occidentalism in Russian Travel Literature in the 18th Century: Example of Nikolaj Mihailovič Karamzin Summary The purpose of this research is to explore how the national and cultural identity of Russia was constructed in the eighteenth century through the vehicle of travel writing. At the heart of this research is a close analysis of the travels of the Russian author Nikolaj Karamzin to the Western Europe. Karamzin's Letters of a Russian Traveller is a travelogue in the form of memoir in epistolary arrangement based on his travels through the states of Germany, Switzerland, France and England in 1789-1790. The era and the author chosen are justified by the graveness that the eighteenth century has for the history of the Russian literature. An era of major transformations in all social and cultural aspects of the till-then known Russian lifestyle set the ground for a move towards modernity. By travelling to the Western Europe and displaying the values and rich greatness of some aspects of the cultural, political and social lives, Karamzin proposes a set of alternative national ideals. These ideals would assist the country and the nation to get closer to the standards of the Western traditions and subsequently closer to 'paradise' and the 'perfect' life. As a contextual backup for the analysis of Karamzin's...

The Master's thesis is based on testimonies of eighteenth-century Tuscan travellers to England. The main questions of the research are how their own identity was created through the categorized and often-stereotyped image of the Other, whether and how it was related to the Enlightenment and what were the cognitive strategies that the travellers used when they encountered the English. The research is based on the method of content analysis applied to the Tuscan traveller Luigi Angiolini, who is then compared to five other Tuscan travellers. An analysis of various aspects of the definition of the Self and of collective identification ensues.

[pt] Manuel de Sousa Sepúlveda pode ser considerado como um dos mais desafortunados navegantes da História trágico-marítima portuguesa, devido à sua lastimável desventura em terras africanas, onde o cavaleiro de honrada fama, após o naufrágio de seu galeão, viu seus filhos e mulher padecerem e morrerem. Nota-se nas diversas representações de Manuel de Sousa Sepúlveda, seja na épica camoniana, seja nos relatos de naufrágios, na lírica e nas narrativas pós-modernas, o estabelecimento de um personagem histórico-literário que permeia o imaginário coletivo português, sendo um dos representantes dos infortúnios decorrentes da vã cobiça. Ora como herói desafortunado nos textos tradicionais, ora como um anti-herói nos contemporâneos, sua constante presença ao longo da Literatura Portuguesa inscreve-o como um dos grandes mitos do imaginário lusitano. / [en] Manuel de Sousa Sepulveda can be considered one of the most unfortunate sailors of the tragic Portuguese maritime history, due to his severe doom on African soil – in which the knight of honored fame, after the wreck of his galleon, saw his wife and children starve and die. As observed in several representations of Manuel de Sousa Sepulveda, even in the camonian epic, or in accounts of shipwrecks, in the lyric and postmodern narratives, the creation of a historical and literary character that pervades the Portuguese collective imagery as one of the representatives of the misfortunes related to vain greed. Sometimes as an unfortunate hero in traditional texts, sometimes as an anti-hero in the contemporary ones, his constant presence along all Portuguese Literature immortalizes him as one of the greatest myths of the Lusitanian imagery.

No description available.

La thèse étudie l'œuvre d'Isabelle Eberhardt, écrivaine-voyageuse qui explore l'Algérie et la Tunisie entre 1897 et 1904. La définition de l'œuvre originale demeure difficile étant donné que plusieurs éditeurs ont modifié les écrits d'Eberhardt. Une analyse des éditions disponibles et la consultation des manuscrits conservés aux Archives nationales d'outre-mer d'Aix-en-Provence ont permis de donner des éclaircissements à ce sujet, bien que la situation reste délicate. Isabelle Eberhardt voyage au Maghreb dans le but de s'établir en Algérie pour toujours, construire sa nouvelle identité, écrire des textes à publier et connaître les traditions locales. La variété de ses projets fait en sorte que sa démarche ait des implications personnelles, littéraires et scientifiques. La méthode de recherche mise en place par notre écrivaine au cours de ses voyages a été approfondie et résumée dans l'alternance entre participation et éloignement. La poétique eberhardtienne résulte également claire et elle se base sur la valorisation de la vitalité du milieu ainsi que sur la définition d'un espace existentiel et vivant. Les textes sont le résultat d'un riche processus de formation, de connaissance, d'écriture et ils ont été analysés à partir d'une interprétation critique et théorique. L'expérience eberhardtienne et les valeurs qu'elle encourage permettent de rapprocher l'écrivaine aux études concernant le rapport entre la géographie et la littérature. / The thesis describes the work of Isabelle Eberhardt, a travel writer who explores Algeria and Tunisia between 1897 and 1904. The establishment of the original edition of her texts presents several problems considering that quite a number of publishers modified them. The analysis of the editions that are available today and the consultation of manuscripts retained in the Archives nationales d'outre-mer in Aix-en-Provence, allowed to obtain some helpful clarification on this subject, even if the situation remains delicate. Isabelle Eberhardt travels to the islamic Maghreb with the intention of living in Algeria for good, in the desire to construct her new identity, write publishable texts, learn more about local traditions. The diversity of projects means that there is a personal involvement as well a literary and scientific intention. The research method used by our writer during her journeys has been investigated and summerized by the alternation of engagement and estrangement. Eberhardt's poetics is equally clear and it is based on the valorization of the lieu's vitality as well as on the definition of an existential and living space. The texts are the product of a formation process knowledge-based and with a literary purpose. They have been analyzed with a critical and interpretative approach. Isabelle Eberhardt's experience and the values that it promotes make possible a rapprochement with the studies exploring connections between literature and geography.

This thesis explores how the paratexts to and physical features of English Tudor books about the New World presented the books’ content to their original readers. The contribution this thesis makes to knowledge is threefold. First, the field of study of English travel and colonial literature lacks a bibliographically informed account of how the books’ constitutive elements of type and paper affect meaning. Widespread use of modern editions of the few accessible texts effaces the originals’ rich aesthetic, structural and tactile forms and fails to comprehensively historicise the production and intentions of the books. The careful, contextualised examinations of typefounts and composition included in this thesis go beyond what has been previously done and suggest agendas for further, necessary and illuminating bibliographical work. Second, the thesis presents the first comprehensively investigative survey of how the paratextual elements of the books marketed the New World to Tudor England. It goes beyond John Parker’s fifty-year-old _Books to Build an Empire_ (1965) by considering the full range of forty-three editions’ paratextual apparatus, not just prefaces, proems and dedications. It is simultaneously a counterbalance to the narrow focus on Richard Hakluyt’s anthological _Principal Navigations_ (1598-1600). The thesis begins the much-needed recovery of the conceptual and publication histories of both the constitutive texts reprinted in _Principal Navigations_ and those not included in Hakluyt’s anthology that are nontheless relevant to the history of the genre. Third, this survey that challenges a still powerful teleology: that the publications were unequivocally books to build an empire. Many of these books were in fact marketed as recreational reads. As the paratextual, structural and material features of many of the books this thesis looks at are under-explored and under-reported, close examination of multiple exemplars was necessary to ensure that this thesis is a representative and reliable record of the marketing strategies used to promote Tudor books about America.