Community policing has been developed in the Anglo-American countries and implemented in the Swedish Police Authority during the last years. One of its main goals is to reach a proximity to citizens and thereby increase the level of trust. A qualitative interview study is used to scruti-nize how community policing stands as a trust-building method, by looking closer into the police trust to citizens connected to their approach to community policing and identifying potential dif-ferences in the police organization. The result shows a deviation in the police’s trust in citizens which relates to their approach to community policing. Partially, a difference is reflected in the police perception of the citizens’ perspectives and ability to comprehend the police profession, indicating that the citizen role should rather be of informative than of participating character. To-gether with a review on earlier research of what constitutes trust and demonstrated deficiencies in the implementation of community policing in the Swedish Police Authority, the results imply a weak foundation for police pledges as an effective measure to gain trust.

Mindre än hälften av svenska väljare uppger att de har stort förtroende för politiker. Kvantitativa data har legat till grund för tidigare forskning som sett samband mellan politikerförtroende och en mängd demografiska variabler. Kvalitativa studier inom ämnet saknas. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka skäl till att deltagare som haft förtroende för politiker tappat förtroendet i den utsträckningen att de inte röstat alternativt röstat blankt i 2018 års riksdagsval. Totalt intervjuades 9 män och 6 kvinnor med varierande ålder (25-63) och utbildningsnivå. Materialet analyserades tematiskt och följande teman identifierades: Politiker har låg trovärdighet, Missnöjd med systemet, Saknar partiidentifikation och En oacceptabel nivå. Deltagare gav ofta specifika exempel på situationer som lett till tappat politikerförtroende. Förtroende har åtminstone delvis tappats då deltagare inte anser att politiker är ärliga och att politiker inte lever upp till deltagarnas förväntningar. Fortsatta studier inom området rekommenderas för att ge en helhetsbild över tappat politikerförtroende.

Copy cat investment strategies exist in the US, where copy cat funds profitably replicate the investing behaviour of larger more renowned funds, leveraging off research completed by the initial fund, without incurring the same level of expenses. Funds, or unit trusts as they are known in South Africa, are mandated to disclose portfolio holdings quarterly, with the intention of enabling investors to track whether funds are meeting their stated objectives, through more frequent access to portfolio holdings. More frequent disclosure has lead to significant controversy internationally, with some researchers providing evidence that more frequent disclosure has lead to copy cat investing strategies. In contrast to the research completed in the US, copy cat funds in South Africa are able to generate similar returns, before costs, but once costs are included t-tests provided evidence that the copy cat fund was not able to generate significantly higher returns than the actual fund, particularly in the long run. These tests hold true when considering the whole general equity market, but interestingly do not hold statistically valid for every fund when considering them in isolation. Certain funds within the general equity classification offer potential for copy cat investing and have successfully proven outperformance in the last decade. Copy cat investors would need to seek out these funds based on the predicted outperformance of each fund, by considering the historical behaviour and then lastly by considering their own, already questionable, risk appetite. Copyright / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

The arrival of smart phones has created the new era in communication between users and internet. Smart phone users are able to run their own application along with enterprise applications. In case of personal application, most of them are downloaded from public market, resulting in challenge for the security frame work by threat of losing sensitive user data. So, ARM introduces the virtualization technique in hardware level to prevent the application process completely isolated from the normal world. However, understanding ARM architecture and internal working is still black box for the user as well as developers. So, in this thesis, by using the qualitative approach like examine the pre research work in open source and ARM trust zone, white paper, internal knowledge from Sony security team, we take a deep look at the architecture of the ARM trust zone in hardware level to analyze and evaluate their implementation. We describe the design and implementation of trust zone features in android emulator with advantages and disadvantages of it in analysis and result phase and conclude with annotation of suitable design on future use to enhance the security domain for secure processing and utility in Android emulator to benefit the user and developer community. The contribution of this thesis project can be summarized as following: 1) reviewing current practices and theories on implementation of ARM Trust zone; 2) creating a common methodology for handle the research problem; 3) proposing step-by-step approaches by comparing actual working of Trust zone in hardware level with design and idea of emulated one; 4) Analysis and design the appropriate model to solve the research question.

With the technological improvements, the number of Internet connected devices is increasing tremendously. We also observe an increase in cyberattacks since the attackers want to use all these interconnected devices for malicious intention. Even though there exist many proactive security solutions, it is not practical to run all the security solutions on them as they have limited computational resources and even battery operated. As an alternative, Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) has become popular is because it defines boundaries and requires to monitor all events, configurations, and connections and evaluate them to enforce rejecting by default and accepting only if they are known and accepted as well as applies a continuous trust evaluation. In addition, we need to be able to respond as quickly as possible, which cannot be managed by human interaction but through autonomous computing paradigm. Therefore, in this work, we propose a framework that would implement ZTA using autonomous computing paradigm. The proposed solution, Autonomic ZTA Management Engine (AZME) framework, focusing on enforcing ZTA on network, uses a set of sensors to monitor a network, a set of user-defined policies to define which actions to be taken (through controller). We have implemented a Python prototype as a proof-of-concept that checks network packets and enforce ZTA by checking the individual source and destination based on the given policies and continuously evaluate the trust of connections. If an unaccepted connection is made, it can block the connection by creating firewall rule at runtime.

Purpose This paper aims to explore how digitalization affects Swedish SMEs' relationship with the customers to increase satisfaction, trust, and loyalty of the customers. Literature review The literature review gives a thorough account of the theoretical concepts and contributes to the analysis. This chapter thoroughly reviews digitalization, such as digital transformation strategies, digital business model, and customer relationship management. It also examines the relationship qualities: trust, satisfaction, and loyalty and explores if there is any correlation between these and how these relationship qualities can be affected by digitalization. Methodology The research approach in this study is a deductive approach. We use case studies in this qualitative experimental study. The sample for this study selected is standardized by following the non-probability procedure, and therefore, three companies were selected for the interviews. After collecting data from the interview and comparing the result with the existing theory stated in the frame of reference, it is a change in the type of research from exploratory to the one that descriptive research. The questionnaire for the interviews consists of two parts. The first part aims to explore the expected customer relationship of the company which the second part is designed to investigate the digitalization process. Findings The empirical findings of this study indicate that investigated companies pay much attention to the customer relationship. Digitalization has a positive effect on trust and satisfaction. However, digitalization has a minimal impact on customer loyalty compared to many other factors. The study indicates that digitalization can strengthen the customer relationship. Keywords: Digitalization, Customer Relationship Management, Trust, Satisfaction, Loyalty

Sweden has decided that by the year of 2020, 30 TWh of energy should come from wind power turbines. The wind power developer Svevind AB is planning to build Europe’s largest wind power park in the area of Markbygden in the municipality of Piteå. Thus, the wind power park will be the largest in Swedish history and will bring with it technical and strategic challenges. The main aim for this thesis is to analyze how different factors affect the level of trust in a wind power planning project and doing so through targeting three focus areas; legislation, communication and agreements. The study is based upon case study methodology and where interviews, document studies, literature studies and a media review is used as methods. The theoretical framework is built around communication, power and the privatization of planning. The case study investigates two parallel processes that the planned wind power park in Markbygden has undertaken and what actors that has been most active. The conclusions that can be drawn from the study are that the trust between actors is built up around strategic choices and strategic actions. The means that it can be distinguished distrust towards the purpose behind the actor’s choice of communication and action. Further, the current legislation together with the more and more privatized spatial planning, are two major causes to the that it is increasingly hard to determine who that actually is in charge of planning. This may in turn lead to a lack of trust and understanding towards planning. / Sverige har beslutat att införa en planeringsram för vindkraftsutbyggnaden som innebär att 30 TWh av Sveriges energi skall utvinnas ur vindkraftsverk. Företaget Svevind AB planerar att bygga Europas största vindkraftspark i området Markbygden i Piteå kommun. Vindparken kommer således att bli det största vindkraftsprojektet i Svensk historia vilket medför utmaningar tekniskt men även för den strategiska planeringen. Uppsatsen har till syfte att undersöka huruvida vilka faktor som kan påverka förtroendet som aktörer har mellan varandra och medborgarnas förtroende till samhällsplanering. Studien har begränsats till att fokusera på hur gällande lagstiftning, kommunikation och överenskommelser kan påverka förtroendekapitalet inom samhällsplaneringen. Studien är baserad på en fallstudie där metoderna som ligger till grund är intervjuer, litteraturstudier, dokumentstudier samt mediastudier. Den teoretiska ramen för studien bygger del på teorier kring kommunikativa planeringsteorier, makt och post-politik. Fallstudien är en genomgång av de processer som den planerade vindkraftsparken i Markbygden har genomgått samt vilka aktörer som har varit inblandade. De slutsatser som kan dras av denna studie är att förtroendet mellan aktörerna är byggt på strategiska val. Detta innebär att det kan skönjas en misstro till syftet bakom en aktörs handlingar och kommunikation. Den gällande svenska lagstiftningen samt den allt mer privatiserade samhällsplaneringen är två starkt bidragande faktorer till att det är svårt att urskilja vem som de facto är beslutsfattaren inom dagens samhällsplanering.

Endometrios är en kronisk inflammatorisk sjukdom som drabbar ungefär tio procent av alla personer i reproduktiv ålder, födda med en livmoder. Sjukdomen kan medföra besvärliga smärtor för personer som lever med den. Fördröjning av diagnostisering och behandling förekommer för personer som lever med endometrios vilket pekar på en bristande kunskap hos vårdpersonal gentemot dem. Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att beskriva personers upplevelser av att leva med endometrios. Litteraturöversikt användes som metod. Sjutton vetenskapligt granskade artiklar inhämtades från PubMed och CINAHL. Inklusionskriterierna var att studiedeltagarna skulle vara mellan 18 – 55 år och leva med en bekräftad endometrios. Sophiahemmet Högskolas bedömningsunderlag användes för kvalitetsgranskning. Artiklarnas resultat lästes igenom upprepade gånger och delades därefter i kategorier och subkategorier. Tre kategorier och elva subkategorier identifierades: att leva med symtom (symtom, fysisk aktivitet/funktionsförmåga, privata relationer, sexualitet/reproduktion, känslor/psykisk hälsa samt coping), mötet med sjukvården (att bli diagnostiserad och bemötande) samt påverkan på socioekonomiska aspekter (utbildning, arbete/sjukskrivning och privatekonomi). Samtliga aspekter av personernas liv påverkades av att leva med endometrios. Framförallt smärta hade inverkan på psykiska, fysiska, sociala och ekonomiska aspekter i personernas liv. Att leva med endometrios kan medföra övervägande negativa upplevelser av smärtsamma symtom, nedsatt funktionsförmåga, arbetsförmåga, privatekonomi och psykisk hälsa, negativt bemötande från sjukvårdspersonal samt negativ inverkan på privata relationer och sexualitet/reproduktion. Mer forskning och kunskapsspridning om endometrios behövs. Genom att öka medvetenheten om hur endometrios påverkar livet hos personer som lever med tillståndet kan kunskap bland sjukvårdspersonal samt omhändertagande och bemötande av dessa personer förbättras. Därmed kan personernas sårbarhet bejakas och deras tillit till sjukvården förhoppningsvis förbättras. / Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects approximately ten percent of all persons in reproductive ages, born with a uterus. The disease can entail troublesome pains for the persons who live with it. Delay of diagnosis and treatment occurs which indicates a lack of knowledge among care staff towards the persons living with endometriosis. The aim of this literature review was to describe the experiences of persons living with endometriosis. The applied method was literature review. Seventeen peer reviewed articles were retrieved from PubMed and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria were that the study participants had to be between 18 and 55 years of age and live with confirmed endometriosis. Sophiahemmet Högskolas assessment tool was utilised during the quality audit. The articles were read repeatedly, and their contents were then divided into categories and subcategories. Three categories and eleven subcategories were identified: to live with symptoms (symptoms, physical activity/functional ability, private relationships, sexuality/reproduction, emotions/mental health and coping), encounters with health care (to be diagnosed and personal treatment), and consequences in everyday life (education, employment/absenteeism, and personal finances). In essence, almost all of the aspects of the persons’ lives were affected by living with endometriosis. Pain had a particular influence on mental, physical, social, and economical aspects of their lives. Living with endometriosis can entail troublesome negative experiences of painful symptoms, reduced ability to function physically, working ability, personal finances and mental health, negative encounters with health care staff, and negative influences on private relationships and sexuality/reproduction. Further research and dissemination of knowledge about endometriosis is necessary. Knowledge among health care staff, caretaking and personal treatment may be improved by increased awareness of how endometriosis affects the lives of people living with the condition. Hence, the persons’ vulnerability may be affirmed and their trust towards health care may hopefully improve.

Customers have lately become of increased importance in supplier innovation processesthrough inter-firm relationships. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to study how suppliercustomer relationships affect supplier innovation. By stemming from three main theoreticalconcepts, supplier-customer relationships, trust and commitment, and supplier innovation, a theoretical framework to base the analysis on was formed. The thesis utilized a qualitative casestudy research approach, where data was collected from a conducted pilot study, semistructured interviews, and secondary data sources. A small supplier within the Swedish techindustry was chosen as the unit of observation, where the supplier and two of their customerswere interviewed regarding innovation processes they had partaken in together. The results ofthe study indicate that communication and trust are important enablers of initiating jointinnovation practices. The supplier perceived the most valuable resource to receive fromcustomers in an innovation context to be knowledge about markets and demand. The resultsindicate that such knowledge could be easier for suppliers to obtain if multiple customers areincluded in innovation processes, and future research should therefore focus on comparing thebenefits and risks of single versus multiple customer involvement in supplier innovation.

No description available.