This autoethnographic study qualitatively explores a trainee's journey towards becoming a clinical psychologist in South Africa. Both the formal and informal processes for becoming a psychotherapist are explored. The formal processes governing the training and registration of a clinical psychologist in South Africa are outlined. A critical appraisal of the training program is covered. The informal processes of the journey of this trainee psychologist is contextualised within the life story of that same person. In so doing a seventeen-year long struggle and academic relationship with UNISA is highlighted, including the insatiable desire and life long dream of the writer in wanting to become a psychologist. An autoethnographic study was done by using the researcher as the only research subject. The personal writings of the researcher and her family serve as the primary data for the study. An autoethnographic approach was employed in creating and collecting the data. The stories are presented in narrative form, and the data are analysed by employing narrative analysis for extracting and highlighting initial and inferred themes. / Psychology / M. A. (Clinical Psychology)

Facilitation of learning through the use of tutors is a worldwide approach that is supported by most Open and Distance Learning institutions. This approach was expanded by integrating face-to-face mode of delivery and online delivery with the purpose of increasing access and participation of students at Unisa. However, the practicality of this integration cannot be overlooked and this reality led to this study. Given the background, this dissertation presents a study on tutors’ perceptions of effective facilitation through the use of an integrated tutor model (ITM) in an Open Distance Learning (ODL) environment. This study sought to explore the views of Unisa tutors focusing on the success factors, challenges and the impact this model has on tutors’ behaviour in terms of tutorial delivery in the implementation of the integrated tutor model in tutorial classes. This was done with an aim of expanding access and participation. A qualitative research method was conducted with Unisa Gauteng Region tutors. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews. The findings of the study showed that the level of academic staff involvement in the tutorial program is very low and there was no involvement at all in other colleges. The training and development provided to ODL tutors is highly appreciated by tutors, however, it needs to be intensified to yield the desired outcomes. Findings further revealed that the institution needs to attend to the provision of access to students. Based on these findings, recommendations were made that academic staff members need to increase their level of involvement in the tutorial program in order to support tutors who provide support to students. Practical training of tutors on the use of technology is necessary and the institution must increase access to computers and the internet for students. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Open and Distance Learning)

This study explores trainee psychotherapists' experiences of double bind situations and inconsistency between explicit and implicit contexts of training. The epistemological foundations of this text are postmodern, social constructionist and ecosystemic. A review of the relevant literature is presented, which includes aspects such as explicit and implicit contexts, double bind and experiences of trainees in training. This is followed by an account of the qualitative research approach adopted, namely, discourse analysis. Themes that are extracted from the text of the transcribed interviews are assumed to reflect discourses in training and the broader societal contexts in which trainees find themselves. These discourses are seen to inform trainees' constructions of their experiences in training. The findings of the analysis are found to concur with the initial hypotheses of this dissertation, as well as with findings in the literature. Recommendations for future research are offered. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

This study is qualitative in nature. It reflects on the rich and varied experiences I encountered during training to be a psychotherapist. The content and process information around training is explored. My personal biases and prejudices towards training are made explicit. The experiences reflected upon are contextualized within the Unisa academic and the hospital clinical internship training contexts. The two contexts of training are contrasted accordingly showing their epistemological stance in their contribution to training of trainee therapists. The primary data in this research is the trainee researcher who is also the only participant subject in the study. The rest of the data is drawn from the experiences of the subject in interaction with others in different systems and subsystems. Through the creative synthesis step in the heuristic research approach the inferred theme is integrated in the analysis. Finally the research shows the limitations and implications involved. / Psychology / M.A. Psychology

Text in Afrikaans / The purpose of this research was to draw up guidelines for nursing tutors on the facilitation of critical reflective learning in student nurses within the context of nursing education. The research question was stated as follows: What guidelines does the nursing tutor need to facilitate critical reflective learning in student nurses? The research design was qualitative, contextual, explorative and descriptive of nature. Ten nursing tutors were selected for participation on the basis of their expertise and experience. Data collection was in the form of written narratives. The data was analysed according to the eight-step method of Tesch (1990) in Cresswell (1994:155). An independent coder was involved in the judgement and interpretation of data. The research guidelines were derived from the research findings. These guidelines are applicable directly to nursing education and indirectly to the nursing practice, therefore it contributes to the scientific body of nursing knowledge. / Die doel van hierdie navorsing was die beskrywing van riglyne vir verpleegdosente om krities reflektiewe leer by verpleegstudente te fasiliteer binne 'n verpleegonderwys konteks. Die navorsingsvraag is soos volg gestel: Walter riglyne benodig die verpleegdosent om krities reflektiewe leer by verpleegstudente te fasiliteer? Die navorsingsontwerp was kwalitatief, kontekstueel, verkennend en beskrywend van aard. Tien verpleegdosente is geselekteer vir deelname op grond van hulle kundigheid en ervaring. Geskrewe narratiewe is gebruik om data in te sa mel. Die data is geanaliseer volgensdieagt-stap metodevan Tesch (1990) in Cresswell (1994:155). 'n Onafhanklike kodeerder was betrokke by die beoordeling en interpretasie van data. Die navorsingsriglyne is afgelei vanuit die navorsingsbevindinge en lewer 'n bydrae tot die wetenskaplike verpleegkennisbasis deurdat dit direkte toepassing vind in verpleegonderwys en indirek in die verpleegpraktyk. / Health Studies / M.A. (Verpleegonderwys)

In South Africa students from disadvantaged educational backgrounds enrol at institutions of higher learning underprepared for the academic work expected of them. One reason for this is that English in South Africa is primarily an urban language and both Black children and teachers, especially in rural areas, lack sufficient exposure to it (Lemmer 1995) and at tertiary institutions students are expected to communicate efficiently in the language of instruction. The real-world problem at issue is ultimately the need for these students studying through the medium of English to develop their ability to participate actively in tutorials to improve both their academic understanding and their spoken discourse competence, which includes the ‘highly complex task of participating in talk-in-interaction’ (Dalton-Puffer 2007:280). Underlying the present study, then, is the conviction that through frequent interaction in the language of instruction, students will not only gain competence in speaking skills, but also deepen and expand their knowledge of their subject areas. This conviction led to the introduction of tutorials on a trial basis in my department and the study sought to develop a framework for analysing patterns of interaction in the tutorials that would also address the question of how the quality of such patterns might be assessed. The main construct investigated was ‘participation effectiveness’ (the quantity of speaker discourse acts and turns and speaker initiative at discourse act and turn-taking levels) and the overall findings indicated that third-year students participated more effectively than first-years; females performed better than males; and males in male-led tutorials used more discourse acts than females; while females in female-led tutorials did better than males. The analyses of effects of tutor discourse behaviour on student participation revealed that the types of questions tutors used and how they were combined were strong determinants of students' participation effectiveness. Although the approach of the study is essentially quantitative, the operationalisation of this main construct's two key components, namely 'participation' and 'initiative', forms a basis for also deriving more qualitative insights into this academically very important genre of spoken discourse. / Linguistics and Modern Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (Linguistics)

In South Africa the idea of a peer helping service has gained impetus and is viewed as a viable option given the fact that there is a shortage of professional school-counsellors and complementary care-givers in the public school environment. This research emanated from an awareness that there was a need to develop an objective assessment tool regarding the identification of peer-counsellors. This instigated an investigation of the essential criteria, predominant characteristics and requirements of effective peer-counsellors. The primary focus of this research has been to develop a self-assessment instrument that will assist in the identification and selection of potential peer-counsellors. The self-assessment instrument proved to be a valuable tool in discriminating between good, average and weak peer-counsellors. Findings indicate that the self-assessment instrument should be used in conjunction with other modes of assessment such as the self-report data, teacher ratings and peer ratings. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

The tone of this dissertation is in the first person as allowed by the lens of constructivism used in it. Being constantly self-reflective, the author takes the reader through his personal journey to be a therapist, and the ethical dimensions encountered in the process, to indicate that one cannot do therapy \\'ithout considering ethics in the fusion of the professional and personal selves of the therapist.- What is lost in the delineated field of observation is hoped to be gained, in the richness of its personal material. Not aiming at drawing any generalisable arguments, the purpose of the dissertation is to provoke a dialogue about our ethical conduct with clients, indicating that our therapeutic conduct is enriched by constantly involving ourselves in the ethical dilemmas that emerge in the therapeutic process. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:44:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2135.pdf: 676811 bytes, checksum: 9964a0e68cd8e94029980f9913e26724 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-26 / The movement of inclusion school increasingly are entering students with disabilities in regular schools and consequently the classes of Physical Education. This proposal, including school, has been shown in practice with many difficulties such as: the non-involvement of managers in this process, lack of preparation of the teacher in their initial and continuous training, inadequate physical space to carry out the lessons; excessive number of students the classes; absence of strategies for education that will enable the effective participation of students with disabilities in classes of physical education, among others. This research has developed a work on tutoring as a strategy for education, in which a student with disabilities received help from another student during the performance of motor tasks. In this context, this research aimed to examine the effects of a training program for tutors on the participation of a student with mental disabilities associated with autism in the classes of Physical Education. It is supported by methodological assumption of feature predominantly qualitative study of the type of case. The subject of this research were: a professor of Physical Education, a student with mental disabilities associated with autism; five tutors. And interview technique were used as instruments of observation for data collection. At first there were filming the lessons of Physical Education of a school of the Network of Education Hall of Ilhéus - BA, before and after the training of tutors. The results showed that the tutoring of education as a strategy to increase the participation of students with disabilities was effective. There was involvement on the part of fellow tutors. As for the training of tutoring the data showed that more time is needed for post-training assistance from the tutors are more effective. It was concluded that the inclusion school is a utopia, but by means of draft strategies for teaching it is possible to contribute to this process if effective over time so that in future present a Physical Education for all without the need to explain in terminology of redundant Physical Education inclusive. / O movimento da inclusão escolar cada vez mais está inserindo alunos com deficiência no ensino regular e consequentemente nas aulas de Educação Física. Esta proposta, inclusão escolar, tem se apresentado na prática com muitas dificuldades tais como: o não envolvimento dos gestores neste processo; falta de preparação do professor em sua formação inicial e continuada; espaços físicos inadequados para a realização das aulas;número excessivo de alunos nas turmas; ausência de estratégias de ensino que possibilitem a participação efetiva dos alunos com deficiência nas aulas de Educação Física, entre outras. Esta pesquisa desenvolveu um trabalho sobre tutoria como estratégia de ensino, no qual um aluno com deficiência recebeu auxilio de um outro colega durante a realização das tarefas motoras. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos de um programa de treinamento de tutores sobre a participação de um aluno com deficiência mental associada ao autismo nas aulas de Educação Física. Apoiou-se em pressuposto metodológico de característica predominantemente qualitativo do tipo estudo de caso. Os sujeitos desta pesquisa foram: uma professora de Educação Física; um aluno com deficiência mental associada ao autismo; cinco tutores. Foram utilizadas entrevista e a técnica de observação como instrumentos de coleta de dados. Em um primeiro momento realizaram-se filmagens das aulas de Educação Física de uma escola da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Ilhéus - BA, antes e depois do treinamento dos tutores. Os resultados mostraram que a tutoria como estratégia de ensino para o aumento da participação do aluno com deficiência foi eficaz. Houve envolvimento por parte dos colegas tutores. Quanto ao treinamento da tutoria os dados demonstraram que é necessário um tempo maior pós-treinamento para a intervenção dos tutores serem mais efetiva. Concluiu-se que a inclusão escolar é uma utopia, mas por meio de proposta de estratégias de ensino é possível contribuirmos para que este processo se efetive ao longo do tempo para que no futuro apresentarmos uma Educação Física para todos sem a necessidade de se explicitar na terminologia redundante de Educação Física inclusiva.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarineideFC_TESE.pdf: 1942362 bytes, checksum: 993690ff54669308765805539353a0e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-29 / This research deals with textualization issues present in educational forums in distance learning environment. The research aims to analyze textualization regarding communication practices between tutors and distance learning students. Specifically the research aims to verify if the educational forum is considered pertinent for knowledge construction as well as identify subject?s behavior in e-Proinfo environment. The research also aims to understand the dynamics of the teaching and learning techniques related to the forum?s printed material. This is done in order to acknowledge discourse on behalf of subjects through the presented educational assignments. In order to address the issue, the work dealt with the relations present in distance learning forums, the forms in which the assignments are made, the way social actors interact and how this debate happens in the virtual environment. The research emphasized an educational forum used in a higher education institution at Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil. Thus the research corpus is composed by messages that were posted in the forum in the module called computer material . This module is one of the last in a set of six modules that are part of The Basic Cycle for Media Training promoted by the Center for Distance Learning in a public university at Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil. The research deals with a qualitative type approach in the perspectives of Merriam (1988), Cresswell (1994) and Minayo (1996). In order to achieve this analysis, the research dealt with theoretical landmarks related to distance learning present in (Silva, 2008; Brait, 1993; Sperbe and Wilson, 1986; Marquesi and Elias 2008 as well as Xavier, 2005, amongst others. As for aspects related to media and technological perspectives present in the forum, the research dealt with (Baranov, 1989; Neuner, 1981; Kearsley and Moore, 1996). Textualization was dealt according to (Marcuschi, 2008; Costa Val, 2004) and the conceptions and functions regarding tutors was seen according to (Salgado, 2002). In the conclusion and recommendations it was seen that these discussions present relevant contributions to distance learning and go beyond the practical universe present in electronical interaction. In the final considerations it is pointed out that this research is relevant for areas such as applied linguistics and presents guidelines for those involved in continuous education and aim meaningful knowledge that is coherent with distance learning education / Esta pesquisa tem como tema o ambiente de textualiza??o no ensino a dist?ncia, com foco no f?rum educacional utilizado por uma institui??o de ensino superior do Rio Grande do Norte, tendo como objetivo geral analisar a intera??o que se estabelece entre tutor e cursistas e suas implica??es para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Outros objetivos, mais espec?ficos, foram tamb?m considerados, tais como: verificar a pertin?ncia do f?rum educacional para a constru??o do conhecimento no ensino a dist?ncia, entender as fun??es dos pap?is desses sujeitos no e-Proinfo e, ainda, identificar na constru??o discursiva dos sujeitos frente ?s tarefas agendadas como ocorre a aprendizagem nesse ambiente. Para explorar o tema, tomamos por base uma problem?tica que interroga, sobretudo, em rela??o aos modos de intera??o no f?rum, como os temas s?o postos na discuss?o, como os atores sociais dialogam entre si e como ocorre o debate no ambiente virtual em fun??o da aprendizagem. O corpus comp?ese de mensagens postadas no f?rum durante o m?dulo Material Inform?tica , ?ltimo dos seis que integram o Ciclo B?sico do Programa de Forma??o M?dias na Educa??o, promovido pelo N?cleo de Educa??o a Dist?ncia (NEAD). A pesquisa caracteriza-se como uma abordagem qualitativa, na perspectiva de Merriam (1988), Cresswell (1994) e Minayo (1996) e situa-se no ?mbito da Lingu?stica Aplicada, tendo em vista que aborda quest?es que dizem respeito ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem em ambientes virtuais. Para a an?lise, recorremos a aspectos te?ricos referentes ao ensino a dist?ncia em autores como Silva (2008), Brait (1993), Sperbe e Wilson (1986), Marquesi e Elias (2008), Xavier (2005), entre outros. Com rela??o ?s m?dias e ?s perspectivas das tecnologias aplicadas ao f?rum, recorremos a Baranov (1989), Neuner (1981), Kearsley e Moore (1996); ao ambiente de textualiza??o Marcuschi, (2008), Costa Val (2004), assim como ?s concep??es e fun??es do tutor encontradas em Salgado (2002). Nos resultados, percebemos que a intera??o tutor-cursista fica comprometida pelo apagamento da tutora, que muitas vezes, se posiciona apenas como propositora do t?pico sem participar das discuss?es para o aprofundamento e fechamento avaliativo do conte?do sugerido, prejudicando assim a aprendizagem. Observamos tamb?m a aus?ncia de uma progress?o t?pica realizada pelos cursistas devido a falta de orienta??o e reorienta??o das quest?es discutidas, bem como pelo distanciamento da postagem de uma mensagem a outra. Desse modo, consideramos pertinente a participa??o dos cursistas e tutores de forma mais efetiva no espa?o interacional com vistas ? constru??o de novos saberes para a aprendizagem em ambientes de EaD