Orientador: Antonio Batocchio / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T07:20:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fagundes_RenatoAlexandre_M.pdf: 1173048 bytes, checksum: f9c42d8865a1d2718c308d673b82bd20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo a implementação de um processo cadenciador (ou puxador) na linha de produção de uma indústria fabricante de placas de circuito impresso rígidas, focando principalmente na implantação de um sistema cadenciador para que o fluxo de produção flua de uma maneira cadenciada e limpa para atender uma determinada família de produtos de placas de circuito impresso rígido (não metalizadas ¿simples face¿ e metalizadas ¿dupla face¿). A montagem da célula de produção para o estudo foi desenvolvida a partir da análise da técnica de mapeamento de fluxo estendido para se obter a melhor produtividade do sistema e atender as demandas do cliente final. A existência de algumas formas de variabilidades nos tempos takt, balanceamento de operadores, tempo para troca de modelos e dimensionamento do ciclo de máquinas foram estudadas e apresentadas buscando sempre uma otimização do fluxo contínuo dentro do processo cadenciador. Através das técnicas de mapeamento de fluxo de valor foi montado um mapa de estado atual e futuro o qual nos permite visualizar de uma maneira mais clara as correções propostas. Palavras chaves: Manufatura enxuta, Mapeamento de Fluxo de Valor, Tempo Takt, OBC / Abstract: This work has as objective the implementation of a pacemaker process in the line of production of an industry manufacturer of rigid printed circuit board, where the major is on the implantation of a pacemaker process allowing a production flow clean and smoth for one definitive product family of the printed circuit board (not metallized "single face" and metallized "double face"). The assembly of the cell of production for the study was developed from the analysis of the technique of Mapping Stream Value to get the best productivity of the system and to take care of the demands of the final customer. The existence of some forms of variabilities like : takt time, balancing of operators, time for exchange of models and sizing of the cycle of machines had been studied and presented searching always an optimization of the continuous flow inside of the pacemaker process. Through the techniques of Mapping Stream Value from the current state to future state was mounted which in allows them to visualize in a clear way of the corrections proposals. Key words- Lean Manufacturing, Value Stream Mapping, Takt Time, OBC / Mestrado / Planejamento e Gestão Estrategica da Manufatura / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Abstract ------------- Background ---------------- Like other businesses, the failures and problems faced by the software development industry over the time have motivated experts to look for software process improvement to create quality software rapidly, repeatedly, and reliably. Objective ------------ The purpose of this study is to evaluate if and how Lean thinking and principles primarily associated with auto manufacturing industry can be applied to software development lifecycle for Software Process Improvement (SPI). The secondary aim is to analyze how BPR can be integrated with Lean software development for process improvement. Method ---------- A derived Lean-BPR adoption pattern model is used as a theoretical framework for this thesis. The seven Lean software development principles along with four-step BPR process are selected as process improvement patterns, which effects the KPIs of a software organization. This research study incorporates both Qualitative and Quantitative methods and data to analyze the objectives of this study. The methodological framework of Plan-Do-Check-Act is used in the case study to implement process re-engineering incorporating Lean and BPR principles. The impact of adopting the Lean and BPR principles is assessed in terms of cost, productivity, quality of products and resource management. Results ---------- Application of Lean and BPR principles for software process improvement in the organization under study resulted in 79% improvement in test coverage, 60% reduction in time for test execution and analysis and 44% reduction in cost for fixing defects that were being passed to customer in past. Conclusion ------------- Based on case study results, it can be concluded that Lean, a bottom up approach, characterized by empowerment of employees to analyze and improve their own working process can be effectively combined with IT centric traditionally top down BPR approach for improving KPI’s and software processes. / +45 40968458

The topic of this thesis is to optimize the production process of ferrite cores in the company Epcos, Ltd. The work is divided into theoretical, analytical and design part. The first part of the thesis contains theoretical knowledge within the field of lean manufacturing, process mapping and mapping value streams. Based on these findings is determined the theoretical basis for the processing of other parts of the thesis. The aim of the analytical part of the analysis is to map the current state of the manufacturing process, finding bottlenecks, evaluating the results of analysis of the current state, which will be used for the design part of the thesis, to develop proposals for optimizing production bottlenecks and evaluate their contribution.

Bakgrund: Kostnadsökningen inom hälso- och sjukvården har varit ett stort problem sedan 1980-talet och kommer att fortsätta vara ett problem i framtiden. Det har lett till en mer ansträngd ekonomisk situation som hälso- och sjukvården fått förhålla sig till. Därför är det av stor vikt att de disponibla medel som finns inom hälso- och sjukvården allokeras till de områden där de skapar som mest nytta. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att göra en hälsoekonomisk utvärdering av ett nytt arbetssätt för behandling av knäskador på ortopedkliniken på Länssjukhuset i Kalmar. Metodval: Studien är utformad som en utvärderingsstudie med en abduktiv utgångspunkt. Datainsamlingen har skett utifrån semistrukturerade intervjuer på LSK med personal som är involverad i projektet. Utöver de semistrukturerade intervjuerna har även numeriska data utgjort en del av studiens empiri. Slutsats: Efter genomförd studie kan vi konstatera att fler hälsoekonomiska utvärderingar behövs på icke-nationella nivåer för att stödja verksamheter inom hälso- och sjukvården. Det är viktigt att det aktivt arbetas med effektiviseringsarbeten inom offentliga verksamheter som främst finansieras av skattemedel. Vi kan även konstatera att det nya arbetssättet är mer lönsamt än det gamla både monetärt och icke-monetärt där förändringen bidragit med flera vinningar som exempelvis kortare ledtider, bättre samarbete och utökad kompetens. / Background: The cost increase in healthcare has been a major problem since the 1980s and will continue to be a problem in the future. This has led to a more strained economic situation for the healthcare sector. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance that the available funds in the healthcare sector are allocated to the areas where they are most beneficial.  Purpose: The purpose of this study is to make a health-economic evaluation of a new work procedure for the treatment of knee injuries at the orthopedic clinic at Kalmar’s County Hospital. Method: The study is designed as an evaluation study with an abductive outset. The data collection has been based on semi-structured interviews at LSK with the staff that was involved in the project. In addition to the semi-structured interviews, numerical data has also been part of the study for the empirical data collection. Conclusion: After completion of the study, we can state that more health-economic evaluations are needed at non-national levels to support healthcare organisations. It is important to actively work with efficiency initiatives in public organisations that are primarily funded by tax assets. We can also state that the new work procedure is more profitable than the old one, both monetary and non-monetary, where the change of work procedure has resulted in several non-monetary gains, such as shorter lead times, better cooperation and increased competence.

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This Master's thesis deals with the optimization of the material flow between two areas of the production plant of the selected company. At the beginning of the thesis there is shown theoretical framework which is needed for subsequent analysis and determination of the proposals to improvement. In this part there is pointed out to the understanding of the process and the various concepts related to the process management. Furthermore, for the purposes of the application part there are selected and analyzed specific tools of lean manufacturing. These include for example the spaghetti diagram, the product / process matrix and the value stream mapping as the essential tool of this thesis. All this is complemented by ABC analysis. After that these methods are also applied in the practical part for solving the current project in the selected company. At first in solving the project there is dealt with the determination of the most problematic material flow between two areas of production plant. Then there is suggested the optimization solutions and all of this is also complemented by the economic evaluation of the whole project.

PSA Peugeot Citroën, a French automaker, has one plant in Brazil, located in Porto Real, Rio de Janeiro. This factory mounts 29 vehicles / hour of eight different models, four models of Peugeot and Citroën brand four. This great variety of models generates complexity in the production process and wide range of parts. This study aims to analyze the impact of diversity, illustrate wasteful standard concept of 3MUs (MUDA, MURI, MURA) and present a study of reducing overall diversity. This will be used to apply the tools and techniques of `Lean Manufacturing Concept. The Lean production system, which basically seeks to eliminate waste, presents several concepts that can and should be applied in studies of eliminating diversity. Among the concepts that can be used stand out studies Time and Methods, SMED, 5S, Kanban, Value Stream Mapping and Kaizen and Poka-Yoke. Through analysis of cases will demonstrate that reducing the diversity of parts and reduce costs, avoid waste and adding a number of benefits, impacts directly on the entire production chain of the automaker. The reduction of diversity interferes with logistics (transport, handling, storage, control), quality (robustness of process variability), production (surface, rework), systems (complex document base, variety of systems), engineering (equipment, investments, solutions) and suppliers (setups, inventories). Therefore, this work is of extreme importance and relevance for companies with a high level of competitiveness, such as assemblers, stay ahead in the job market and offer the best value for money offers. / A PSA Peugeot Citroën, montadora de origem francesa, possui uma única fábrica no Brasil, localizada em Porto Real, Rio de Janeiro. Essa fábrica monta 29 veículos/hora de oito modelos distintos, sendo quatro modelos da marca Peugeot e quatro da marca Citroën. Essa grande variedade de modelos gera uma complexidade no processo produtivo e grande diversidade de peças. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar o impacto da diversidade, exemplificar os desperdícios no padrão do conceito dos 3MUs (MUDA, MURI, MURA) e apresentar um estudo de redução da diversidade geral. Para isso, será utilizada a aplicação das ferramentas e técnicas do `Lean Manufacturing Concept. O sistema de produção Lean, que basicamente busca a eliminação de desperdícios, apresenta diversos conceitos que podem e devem ser aplicados nos estudos de eliminação da diversidade. Entre os conceitos que podem ser utilizados, destacam-se Estudos de Tempos e Métodos, SMED, 5S, Kanban, Mapeamento de Fluxo de Valor e Poka-Yoke e Kaizen. Através da análise de casos, se mostra que a redução da diversidade de peças, além de reduzir custos, evitar desperdícios e agregar uma série de benefícios, impacta diretamente em toda a cadeia produtiva da montadora. A redução da diversidade interfere na logística (transporte, movimentação, armazenagem, controle), na qualidade (robustez do processo, variabilidade), na produção (superfície, retrabalhos), nos sistemas (complexa base documental, variedade de sistemas), na engenharia (equipamentos, investimentos, soluções) e nos fornecedores (setups, estoques). Portanto, a presente dissertação é de extrema importância e relevância para que empresas com alto nível de competitividade, como as montadoras, permaneçam a frente no mercado de trabalho e ofereçam as melhores ofertas de custo-benefício.

Globale Krisen, Rohstoffengpässe oder Preisschwankungen stellen die globalisierten Lieferkettensysteme der westlichen Produzenten vor große Herausforderungen. Das Konzept der Kreislaufwirtschaft ist eine Möglichkeit, sich angesichts dieser Herausforderungen robuster zu positionieren, um weniger abhängig von äußeren Einflüssen zu sein. Die größte Hürde bei dem Aufbau von Netzwerken für Kreislaufwirtschaftsprozesse ist die Identifikation von potentiellen Partnern auf Basis von Stoffstrommodellen. Ein erfolgreiches Mapping ist von vielen Faktoren abhängig. Aktuell existiert kein Ansatz, um die Stoffströme so zu modellieren, dass die Darstellung und Berechnung für eine Partnersuche in der Kreislaufwirtschaft geeignet ist. Um der Komplexität, sowohl der Stoffstrommodellierung, als auch der Partnersuche gerecht zu werden, wird hier ein MBSE-Ansatz gewählt - ein überlegener Modellierungsansatz im Detaillierungsgrad und der Adaptionsfähigkeit. Das Modell verknüpft die 3 Hauptelemente der Wertstromanalyse (Produktionsprozess, Materialfluss und Geschäftsprozess) und ermöglicht dadurch neuartige Kennzahlen zu ermitteln. Diese Kennzahlen und die detaillierte Modellierung schaffen eine verbesserte Informationslage, auf Basis derer die Effektivität der Partnersuche in der Kreislaufwirtschaft signifikant gesteigert wird. Nach einer theoretischen Herleitung der Modellierungslogik und der Erweiterung des bestehenden Ansatzes der nachhaltigen Wertstromanalyse (engl. Sustainable Value Stream Mapping – Sus-VSM) wird anhand eines Beispiels das MBSE-Modell implementiert und validiert. Dieser MBSE-Ansatz besitzt das Potential, die Beschreibung industrieller Produktions- und Herstellungsprozesse erheblich zu verfeinern und dadurch Analysen und Berechnungen zu optimieren, was zu einer besseren Vernetzung der Industrie führt. Die dadurch identifizierten industriellen Symbiosen fördern die Kreislaufwirtschaft maßgeblich und helfen Ressourcen nachhaltiger zu nutzen.

Debido a la plusvalía del suelo y al incremento poblacional en los distritos Top de Lima, los proyectos inmobiliarios se diseñan con un mayor número de sótanos para poder cubrir la demanda de estacionamientos. Por lo que en la presente investigación vamos a emplear la herramienta Value Stream Mapping para optimizar el proceso de excavación masiva. El Value Stream Mapping es una herramienta empleada en la industria manufacturera que pertenece a la filosofía Lean Manufacturing, esta herramienta consiste en identificar el flujo de la cadena de valor de cierta actividad y mediante un gráfico tener una visión completa del flujo de trabajo y de todos los procesos involucrados. Mediante este mapeo resultará mucho más sencillo identificar los procesos que no aportan valor a la actividad para luego aplicar mejoras y poder optimizar el proceso de excavación masiva. Para analizar el proceso de excavación masiva se utilizaron datos obtenidos de tres proyectos ubicados en Lima cuyas profundidades de excavación fueron de 3 y 4 anillos. El mapeo de estado actual de estos proyectos nos permitió realizar un diagnóstico general e identificar los procesos con mayores tiempos no productivos. Finalmente, se elabora un mapa de estado futuro considerando la propuesta de mejora para el proceso de eliminación con pasamano de dos excavadoras, se implementa la propuesta de mejora en un cuarto proyecto con una profundidad de excavación de 6 anillos, con los resultados obtenidos se justifica que empleando la herramienta de Value Stream Mapping se puede optimizar el proceso de excavación masiva. / Due to the increase in land value and population growth in the top districts of Lima, real estate projects are designed with a greater number of basements to meet the demand for parking. Therefore, in this research we are going to use the Value Stream Mapping tool to optimize the massive excavation process. Value Stream Mapping is a tool used in the manufacturing industry that belongs to the Lean Manufacturing philosophy, this tool consists of identifying the flow of the value chain of a certain activity and by means of a graphic to have a complete vision of the workflow and all the processes involved. Through this mapping it will be much easier to identify the processes that do not add value to the activity and then apply improvements to optimize the mass excavation process. To analyze the mass excavation process, data obtained from three projects located in Lima with excavation depths of 3 and 4 rings were used. The current state mapping of these projects allowed us to make a general diagnosis and identify the processes with the longest non-productive times. Finally, a future state mapping is elaborated considering the improvement proposal for the two-excavator handrail disposal process, the improvement proposal is implemented in a fourth project with an excavation depth of 6 rings, with the results obtained it is justified that using the Value Stream Mapping tool the massive excavation process can be optimized. / Tesis

This diploma thesis deals with eliminating of bottlenecks in a production of eletrical devices, focusing mainly on the production line. It analyzes the current situation and using value stream mapping for a selected product it identifies bottlenecks of the production process. Further it proposes remedial measures to improve current situation.