The aim of this thesis is to analyze the media discussions of the rape in Bjästa 2009 and to reveal how stereotypical illusions of ethnicity, religion and gender affect how media understands and defines violence. The rape in Bjästa occurred in a “Swedish context” but has been defined as honor related in other arenas outside media. This discussion occurred because the whole village turned against the woman that was raped and supported the perpetrator– a phenomena that speaks against the idea of an equal society and a behavior that is usually understood as honor related and something that the ‘others’ do. Therefore, I have chosen to investigate one case without comparing it to another, because the discussions of this particular case reflect how the debate about men’s violence against women and honor related violence generally is presented. I have argued that when a perpetrator practices men’s violence against women it is described and explained as something individual and as a result of psychological issues whereas honor related violence is explained as a collective action with cultural influences. I have examined 35 articles and 5 blog articles by using a critical analysis method and have specifically been interested in what explanations are used due to the fact that the involved were Swedish but were participating in a collective action of legitimating violence. The results show that the collective behavior is being explained by new explanations such as mass psychosis and collective cultures (that only occur in smaller cities). The strategy behind this is to separate and define the Bjästa case as something “unswedish” so the Swedish nation can uphold an image as an equal and individual society – and in the same time uphold the idea of honor related violence as something foreign and “imported”.

The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the extent to which rape myth acceptance (RMA) varies according to four key contextual factors—race, the victim–perpetrator relationship, resistance strategies, and the decision to report—among those embedded within college and military cultures. Although sexual assault in a university context has been thoroughly investigated, it is typically in comparison to the general population that may not share the same high-risk elements that promote the environment for sexual assault. Therefore, comparisons of college, military, and a general population were sampled to better understand the attitudes that maintain RMA in these high risk environments. Consistent with previous research aimed at understanding attitudes associated with RMA (Carroll et al., 2016; McMahon, 2010), findings from this study indicated that although individuals hold relatively low RMA overall, individuals tend to endorse other rape myths that blame the victim and exonerate the perpetrator. Specifically, race, resistance strategies, and the decision to report all influenced how likely individuals were to attribute some blame to the victim in the vignette.

Post-apartheid South Africa has been marked by a wave of social unrest; from service delivery protests to xenophobic violence targeted towards foreign nationals. Immigrants from across the African soil are victims of this barbaric behavior (xenophobia). A derogatory name such as “makwerekwere” is given to foreign nationals to make them feel inferior and less human. In 2008 these attacks worsened almost in every black township throughout the country. The victims are mostly Somalis and Zimbabweans shop or spaza owners. There are quite a number of explanations that prompted these attacks and they include the following; competition for scarce resources, lack of economic and business opportunities. Foreigners are easily employable because they accept cheap labour, thus making it hard for South Africans to find jobs. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to explore economic discontent against foreign nationals into xenophobic attacks. This study highlights the relationship that co-exists between economic discontent and xenophobic attacks in Port Elizabeth, Walmer Township and the research methods that were used and how these methods were used in the study.

This study investigates the meaning that women attach to their experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV). It seeks to explore how women who have experienced violence in the context of an intimate relationship understand, or make sense of, that experience. It is important to investigate this in order to address some of the assumptions that often inform understandings of the phenomena. Moreover, such information can be used to inform the design and implementation of appropriate interventions. Nine women who had previously experienced violence within the context of an intimate heterosexual relationship participated in this study. For ethical reasons only women who had extricated themselves from those relationships were interviewed for this study. Participants’ accounts were therefore retrospective. The women who participated in this study constituted a homogenous group in terms of their level of education, geographic location and employment status. Data was collected through personal, face-to-face interviews which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data in the form of text was analyzed following Willig’s (2001) criteria for Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Disclosure of the women’s experiences, how they made sense of their experiences, as well as the resources they identified as available to them are reported in the results and analysis chapter.

Working within a social constructionist paradigm, the focus of this study is on the way in which the social problem of campus sexual assault is constructed and the way in which these constructions determine the proposed solutions. To address the issue, the study focuses on a high-profile case of a violent sexual assault that occurred at Carleton University in the fall of 2007. Drawing upon the work of Joel Best and Donileen Loseke, I approach this issue by focusing on the claims-making activities that emerged in response to this event. Using a mixed methods analysis of newspaper coverage of the event consisting of a quantitative content analysis combined with a more detailed thematic analysis focusing on the specific claims made and the more general themes they reflect, this study analyzes the dominant claims-makers identified by the media, the claims they put forth, and the proposed solutions that follow from their particular constructions of the problem. Results of this analysis illustrate the contested nature of the construction of campus sexual assault as well as the way in which competing discourses reflect features of a broader social discourse relating to crime, individualization, and the responsibilization of women to protect themselves from sexual violence.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 maionesilvalouzadapaes.pdf: 1165545 bytes, checksum: ab4c88affe0fcc00177f5db8d2f60bbc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-17 / Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, cujo objeto de estudo consiste nas demandas e expectativas das mulheres em situação de violência assistidas na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Os objetivos da pesquisa são: analisar as demandas e expectativas da mulher em situação de violência assistida na Atenção Primária a Saúde na perspectiva do cuidado de enfermagem; descrever as situações de violência vivenciadas; caracterizar a repercussão da violência na saúde das mulheres; identificar as demandas da mulher em situação de violência em relação ao atendimento na unidade de APS e descrever as expectativas da mulher em situação de violência em relação à APS e à assistência da enfermeira. O cenário de pesquisa foi uma unidade de saúde de um município da zona da mata mineira que adota a Estratégia Saúde da Família como modelo assistencial. Participaram da pesquisa 18 usuárias que vivenciaram e/ou vivenciam a violência, na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos, idade média de 34 anos. A coleta das informações ocorreu por meio de entrevista a partir de um roteiro semiestruturado, sendo gravadas através de mídia digital. Foram atendidas todas as exigências da Resolução 466/2012, do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. A análise de conteúdo temático a partir da perspectiva de gênero evidenciou três categorias: A vivência da violência e o impacto na vida das mulheres; Não reconhecimento da unidade de atenção primária a saúde como um serviço pertencente à rede de atendimento à mulher em situação de violência; Expectativas sobre a atuação da APS e da enfermeira. Os resultados demonstraram situações permeadas de sofrimento causado pela violência física, psicológica e sexual, com predomínio da violência psicológica. As entrevistadas não reconhecem a unidade de saúde como um serviço de atenção nas situações de violência vivenciadas e não fazem associação entre o processo de trabalho da enfermeira e a assistência à mulher em situação de violência. Apresentam expectativas sobre como o serviço e a enfermeira poderiam ajudá-las, sendo mencionado o desejo de serem acolhidas, ouvidas, verbalizar sobre o sofrimento e de receberem apoio psicológico. Destacaram a importância da educação em saúde na unidade abordar a violência e a necessidade de uma orientação técnica e profissional sobre os recursos e serviços existentes aos quais elas poderiam recorrer. O mesmo ocorreu nos anseios em relação ao atendimento da enfermeira, no qual se esperam sensibilidade, cordialidade, humanização e orientação. A pesquisa evidenciou o distanciamento das práticas de saúde do contexto social e modos de viver das mulheres, revelou a necessidade de implantação e funcionamento de uma rede local de atendimento a mulheres em situação de violência e ratificou que sendo o gênero elemento agravante no adoecimento das mulheres, os serviços de APS e as práticas de saúde dos profissionais precisam em caráter emergencial analisar e considerar esta categoria na atenção à saúde da mulher. Além disso, demonstrou a necessidade de resgate das características essenciais do cuidado de enfermagem e da adoção de uma abordagem diferenciada, sensível e de gênero para que o cuidado à saúde da mulher seja integral. / Qualitative and descriptive research in which the object of study consists on the demands and expectations of women in situations of violence assisted in Primary Health Care. The research objectives are: to analyze the demands and expectations of women in situations of violence assisted in Primary Health in nursing care perspective; describe the experienced situations of violence; characterize the impact of violence on women's health; identify the needs of women in situations of violence related to APS unit assistance and describe women's expectations in situations of violence related to APS nurse assistance. The research scenario took place in a health care facility of a small city in Minas Gerais where adopts the Family Health Strategy as a care model. The participants were 18 users who experienced and/or experience violence, aged 20-59 years, age group of 34 years. Data collection by interviews from a semi-structured script and all recorded through digital media. All requirements from the Resolution 466/2012 of the National Health Council were met. The thematic content analysis from a gender perspective showed three categories: The experience of violence and the impact on women's lives; Non-recognition of the primary health unit as a service from the network for women assistance in situations of violence; Expectations about the performance of APS and nurse. The results showed permeated situations of suffering caused by physical, psychological and sexual violence, being predominant the psychological part. The interviewees do not recognize the health facility as a help desk in experienced violent situations and make no association between nursing work process and assistance to women in situations of violence. These people present expectations on how the service and nurse could help them, demonstrating a desire to be accepted, heard and verbalize their suffering as well as how to receive psychological support. They highlighted the importance of health education in the unit addressing violence and the need for technical and vocational guidance on existing resources and services they could turn to. The same occurred on desires regarding nursing care in which they expect sensitivity, warmth, humanization and guidance. The research showed the distance of health practices from the social context view and women ways of living. It also revealed the need for installment and operation of a local women care network in situations of violence, and reiterated that being gender the aggravating element in women's illnesses, the APS services and professional health practices need on an emergency basis analyze and consider this category for women health care. In addition, it demonstrated the need of rescuing the essential characteristics of nursing care and the adoption of a differentiated approach, sensitive and gender so that the women health care is integral.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:24:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pre-textuais.pdf: 1033602 bytes, checksum: 814dc43f96ba4dd74dbaf8127968b440 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-24 / The purpose of this study was to identify, in the discourse of the written press of Recife, the image of women in the reporting of violence suffered by than in cases of legitimate defense of honor . The news as a social practice commits the professionals in involved in the production and dissemination of the news in the construction of the image of women. The corpus, consisting of ten news items, is analyzed in the tree-dimensional framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA. This takes as its starting point the participle that the discourse of the press is not a neutral on; the categories of analysis are ethos, intertextuality and interdiscursivity and ideology, representing fundamental phenomena in identifying the way in which the written press constructs the image of a woman. The findings of the study revealed that in such discourse the image of a woman so constructed is that in which she is the one to blame‟ for the violence for having provoked such an act by her behavior or attitude / Esta investigação tem por objetivo identificar no discurso da imprensa escrita recifense nas notícias de violência contra a mulher nos casos de legítima defesa da honra , a percepção de como a imagem da mulher é construída. Os enunciados posicionam os sujeitos envolvidos no processo de produção e disseminação dessas notícias na construção da imagem feminina. O corpus, constituído de dez notícias, é analisado a partir do arcabouço teórico-metodológico da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD). Parte-se do princípio de que o discurso da imprensa não é isento de implícitos, as categorias de análise são o ethos, a intertextualidade e interdiscursividade e a ideologia, como fenômenos fundamentais para identificar como a imprensa escrita constrói a imagem da mulher. Como resultado, observou-se que, nesses discursos, a imagem construída da mulher é que ela é responsável pela violência sofrida, por ter provocado tal ato com comportamentos ou atitudes

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Bakgrund: Intimt partnervåld där mäns våld mot kvinnor förekommer är ett folkhälsoproblem, och ett hot mot kvinnors hälsa. Inom hälso- och sjukvård är sjuksköterskan ofta den som initialt möter kvinnor utsatta för våld.   Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att belysa upplevelser hos sjuksköterskor i mötet med våldsutsatta kvinnor inom hälso- och sjukvård.  Metod: Databassökningen genomfördes i databaserna Cinahl och PubMed. Totalt svarade 18 artiklar mot studiens syfte. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades enligt granskningsmallarna för kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod som är modifierade utifrån Forsberg och Wengström (2008) och Willman, Stoltz och Bahtsevani (2006). De 18 artiklarna utgjorde resultatet. Artiklarna lästes och bearbetades både enskilt och tillsammans för att identifiera likheter.   Resultat: Resultatet i litteraturöversikten baseras på två huvudteman vilka är upplevelser och hinder. Resultatet baseras även på sex underteman, vilka är professionella upplevelser och upplevelser som påverkar sjuksköterskan privat, som går under huvudtemat upplevelser. De återstående fyra underteman går under hinder och är miljö, tidsbrist, fördomar och okunskap.  Slutsatsen: Våld mot kvinnor är ett stort samhällsproblem samt hälsoproblem. Sjuksköterskor upplever ett känsloengagemang i mötet med våldsutsatta kvinnor. Det uttrycks ett behov från sjuksköterskor i form av stöd och kunskap om hur de ska gå tillväga i detta mötet och ett behov av att motarbeta de hinder som föreligger. Det behövs gedigen utbildning om kvinnovåld för att arbeta mot fördomar, skapa tydligare riktlinjer, stärka arbetet och för att sjuksköterskorna ska känna ett stöd och en trygghet om osäkerhet i mötet uppstår. / Background: Intimate partner violence from men against women is a public health problem, and the biggest threat to women's health. In health care, the nurse is often the one who initially meets women exposed to violence.  Aim: The aim of the literature review was to describe the experiences of nurses encountering with abused women within healthcare  Method: Cinahl and pubmed were used in the search of articles. A total of 18 articles responded to the study's purpose. The articles were reviewed for quality  according to the review templates for qualitative and quantitative methods that were modified based on Forsberg and Wengström (2008) and Willman, Stoltz and Bahtsevani (2006). The 18 articles constituted the result. The articles were read and processed both individually and together to identify similarities.  Results: The results in the literature review are based on two main themes which are experiences and obstacles. The result is also based on six sub-themes, which are professional experiences and experiences that affect the nurse privately, which goes under the main theme experiences. The remaining four sub-themes goes under the main theme obstacles and are environment, lack of time, prejudice and ignorance.  Conclusion: Violence against women is a major social and health problem. Nurses experience several emotional feelings when encounter with abused women. A need is expressed by nurses in the form of support and knowledge of how to proceed in the meeting with abused women and a need to work against the obstacles that exist. Thorough education about abused women is needed to work against prejudice, to create guidelines, to strengthen the work and for the nurses to feel support and a sense of security in the meeting.

The problem of cultural violence against girls in Nigeria has been discussed at length. A number of scholars have conducted empirical studies, others developed theories and tools to be used in measuring and monitoring improvement on eliminating specific cultural practices. This scholarship is vitally important. They launch feminist and other anthropological works into an arena of anti-violence work which without a doubt have a significant impact and far-reaching repercussions for girls who experience violence in Nigeria. Yet, despite the systemic change over the past years, the problem of violence against girls in Africa, more specifically Nigeria, is still persistent within cultural communities. Building on the important foundational works of these authors, my dissertation analyses this problem from a different perspective. This thesis identifies several governance gaps within the Nigerian legal framework that needs to be addressed before existing legal mechanisms can adequately address the problem of violence against girls. To ensure a proper examination of the different dimensions and changing patterns of cultural violence against girls, the dissertation focuses on the practice of child marriages within Muslim communities in Northern Nigeria. The complexity of the issues addressed in this dissertation required a variety of theoretical tools to unpack the different fields of inquiry. The dissertation uses a critical legal studies and feminist framework in studying the problem of cultural violence against girls in Nigeria. It also uses textuality, a method of inquiry within Dorothy Smith’s feminist socio-legal methodology, to investigate the text-based organization of social policy in Nigeria to ultimately reveal a legal and political system used as an instrument for consolidating power and legitimizing anti-women principles as traditional values. Using these tools, the thesis analyzed the complexity of the problem of cultural violence through a focus on co-existing institutional frameworks, that is, formal and informal legal structures and the roles they play in shaping the experiences of girls within cultural communities.