Australia is one of the most popular countries for immigrants to settle. Many highly qualified Indians from India have made Australia their home, and they hold important positions in the Australian work-force. The Australian work-force now consists not only of employees from different countries, but also of parents who try to balance their work roles and family roles simultaneously. For dual-earner families this can be difficult and could lead to increased job stress and work family conflict. Due to these cultural and gender differences, experiences in the paid work-force cannot be assumed to be the same for all employees. The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of culture and gender among working professionals in Australia and to study the interactional patterns within dual-earner couples in the Australian work-force. This was exploratory research and was conducted using three studies. All studies were cross-sectional, and qualitative as well as quantitative measures were used for data collection. In the first study data were collected from matched pairs of 10 Australian and 10 Indian born mothers who were employed in the Australian work-force. Interviews were conducted and responses to the interview were recorded. Results suggested some significant differences in job stress, with Australian mothers experiencing more job stress than Indian mothers. Further, interview results indicated that women from both cultures were responsible for most of the household work. Study two of the thesis combined culture and gender to investigate job satisfaction, work stress and work family conflict among Australian men and women working in the Australian work-force (N = 58). A 2 X 2 ANOVA was used for this. There were no cultural differences found among men and women of both cultures on measures of job satisfaction, work-family conflict and family-work conflict. However, cultural differences were observed on the job stress scale with Australian men and women experiencing more job stress than Indian men and women. There were also significant gender differences in job stress, workfamily- conflict and family-work conflict. Australian men and Indian men reported higher family-work conflict. Results of this study revealed significant gender differences and therefore, the third study was designed to investigate these gender differences further. Study three investigated the role of gender and work stress variables through crossover and spillover research. Many gender differences in predictors of fatigue, job stress and dyadic adjustment were found among couples both working in white collar professions. This study too strengthened the traditional gender role with women experiencing higher job stress and family-work conflict. It is suggested that these findings contribute to the work-stress literature in three ways. Findings confirm that gender, rather than culture, are responsible for differences among immigrants in their perception of job satisfaction, work-family conflict and family-work conflict. Findings also confirm the traditional gender role of women, who are responsible for most domestic household work, and also demonstrate that increase in work-family conflict and family-work conflict contributes to an increase in job stress among dual-earner couples. This research has provided an insight into factors contributing to both crossover and spillover among Australian dual earner professionals, an area which has not received much attention. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1365266 / Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Adelaide, School of Psychology, 2009

Australia is one of the most popular countries for immigrants to settle. Many highly qualified Indians from India have made Australia their home, and they hold important positions in the Australian work-force. The Australian work-force now consists not only of employees from different countries, but also of parents who try to balance their work roles and family roles simultaneously. For dual-earner families this can be difficult and could lead to increased job stress and work family conflict. Due to these cultural and gender differences, experiences in the paid work-force cannot be assumed to be the same for all employees. The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of culture and gender among working professionals in Australia and to study the interactional patterns within dual-earner couples in the Australian work-force. This was exploratory research and was conducted using three studies. All studies were cross-sectional, and qualitative as well as quantitative measures were used for data collection. In the first study data were collected from matched pairs of 10 Australian and 10 Indian born mothers who were employed in the Australian work-force. Interviews were conducted and responses to the interview were recorded. Results suggested some significant differences in job stress, with Australian mothers experiencing more job stress than Indian mothers. Further, interview results indicated that women from both cultures were responsible for most of the household work. Study two of the thesis combined culture and gender to investigate job satisfaction, work stress and work family conflict among Australian men and women working in the Australian work-force (N = 58). A 2 X 2 ANOVA was used for this. There were no cultural differences found among men and women of both cultures on measures of job satisfaction, work-family conflict and family-work conflict. However, cultural differences were observed on the job stress scale with Australian men and women experiencing more job stress than Indian men and women. There were also significant gender differences in job stress, workfamily- conflict and family-work conflict. Australian men and Indian men reported higher family-work conflict. Results of this study revealed significant gender differences and therefore, the third study was designed to investigate these gender differences further. Study three investigated the role of gender and work stress variables through crossover and spillover research. Many gender differences in predictors of fatigue, job stress and dyadic adjustment were found among couples both working in white collar professions. This study too strengthened the traditional gender role with women experiencing higher job stress and family-work conflict. It is suggested that these findings contribute to the work-stress literature in three ways. Findings confirm that gender, rather than culture, are responsible for differences among immigrants in their perception of job satisfaction, work-family conflict and family-work conflict. Findings also confirm the traditional gender role of women, who are responsible for most domestic household work, and also demonstrate that increase in work-family conflict and family-work conflict contributes to an increase in job stress among dual-earner couples. This research has provided an insight into factors contributing to both crossover and spillover among Australian dual earner professionals, an area which has not received much attention. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1365266 / Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Adelaide, School of Psychology, 2009

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-05-30T18:28:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Silva Ferreira.pdf: 1292757 bytes, checksum: 95de701640eb65c840c7627a1e07ed1a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T18:28:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Silva Ferreira.pdf: 1292757 bytes, checksum: 95de701640eb65c840c7627a1e07ed1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Due to competitivity, companies adhered to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for increasing productivity and results. In this sense, technology improved quality and productivity in workers’ routine, but excessive use of ICT can lead to the technological stress known as technostress. Some aspects of creating technological stress relates to information overload and constant connectivity, denominated as techno-overload and techno-invasion. This study analyzed reflexes of the technostress in the organizational behavior. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected through a research instrument with 331 questionnaires answered. It concludes that techno-overload and techno-invasion influence positively work-family conflict, so excessive use of ITC can generate discomfort in the professional’s life. Results point that it was not possible to indicate influence of techno-overload and techno-invasion relating to affective organizational commitment and turnover intention. It verifies that there is low influence of the Techno-invasion relating to job satisfaction, and it was not possible to confirm influence on job satisfaction by techno-overload. / Devido à competitividade de mercado, as empresas aderiram as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) buscando cada vez mais elevar sua produtividade e os resultados da organização. Nesse sentido, a tecnologia melhorou a qualidade e a produtividade na rotina dos trabalhadores, mas o uso excessivo das TIC pode levar ao estresse tecnológico conhecido como Tecnoestresse. Alguns aspectos de criação de estresse tecnológico estão relacionados à sobrecarga de informações e conectividade constante, denominados como Tecnosobrecarga e Tecnoinvasão. Este estudo analisou os reflexos do Tecnoestresse no Comportamento Organizacional. Através de uma abordagem quantitativa, os dados foram coletados por meio de um instrumento de pesquisa com obtenção das respostas de 331 questionários. Conclui-se que a Tecnosobrecarga e a Tecnoinvasão influenciam positivamente o Conflito Trabalho – Família, desta forma o excesso do uso da TIC pode gerar dissabores na vida do profissional. De acordo com os resultados deste estudo não foi possível afirmar que há influência da Tecnosobrecarga e Tecnoinvasão em relação ao Comprometimento Organizacional Afetivo e a Intenção de Rotatividade. Verificou-se que existe uma baixa influência da Tecnoinvasão em relação à satisfação no trabalho, e não foi possível confirmar a influência referente à satisfação no trabalho pela Tecnosobrecarga.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka huruvida det finns en skillnad i graden av Work life balance (indelat i grupperna Work Family Conflict och Family Work Conflict) mellan de som har möjlighet att distansarbeta och de som inte har det och mellan de som har barn under 13 år och de som inte har det. Vidare undersöktes om arbetsengagemang kan predicera WLB. För att genomföra studien användes en pappersenkät som delades ut till samtliga anställda på den deltagande organisationen. Totalt samlades 85 enkäter in, varav 84 hade besvarats fullständigt. Resultatet visade en huvudeffekt av distansarbete gällande Work Family Conflict, där de anställda med möjlighet att distansarbeta upplevde en högre grad av Work Family Conflict än de som inte har möjlighet att distansarbeta. Resultatet visade dessutom att de anställda med högre värde på arbetsengagemang upplevde mindre av både Work family Conflict och Family Work Conflict.

As the literature on work–family conflict grows and absenteeism increasingly comes into the spotlight, one cannot help but ask the question: “What is an acceptable absenteeism rate and how can an organisation control and manage absenteeism?” With current absenteeism rates as high as 12% and with an estimated R12 million lost per annum because of absenteeism, the idea of an on-site employer-sponsored childcare facility seems viable. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between absenteeism and on-site employer- sponsored childcare. The following dimensions of absenteeism will be examined over a period of a year: absence frequency, absence intensity, attitudinal absence and medical absence. The results of two companies, one with a facility and one without, will then be compared in order to establish the relationship between absenteeism and an on-site facility. To date, evidence remains mixed and the ongoing challenge of establishing real return on equity remains a major barrier to the support of on-site employer-sponsored childcare. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

This research has been studying if there is a difference in work-life balance for people working in England (n=30) and in Sweden (n=32), and if well-being can be related to this in any way. The study has used an online survey including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) which measured well-being and QPS Nordic which measured work-life balance and work-family conflict. The result shows that there is a significant difference (p<.005) between wellbeing and work-life balance together with a significant higher level (p<.001) of work-life balance for the participants working in England compared to the once working in Sweden. The study also shows a significant correlation (p<.003) between work-life balance and the number of hours which the individual participants are normally working per day. However, the study cannot tell what is causing the significant relation between work-life balance and well-being regarding to the non-statistic significant difference between well-being and the participants working in England verses Sweden or between any of the covariates which has been included in the analysis.

Cette étude exploratoire a pour objectifs de cerner les modalités de réaction des personnes atteintes de cancer face à la reprise du travail et de repérer les ressources ou les facteurs de vulnérabilité face à cette reprise. Quatre-vingts sujets sont répartis en trois groupes : 33 sujets qui ne bénéficient d’aucun accompagnement spécifique, 44 sujets reçus à la consultation d’aide à la reprise du travail après un cancer du CHU de Rouen et 3 sujets qui ne souhaitent plus reprendre le travail. Les caractéristiques psychologiques, médicales et socioprofessionnelles des sujets non consultants et des sujets consultants sont comparées. Les données relatives aux sujets qui ont abandonné leur projet de reprise du travail sont analysées sur un plan qualitatif. Nous nous attendions à ce que les sujets consultants soient plus vulnérables que les sujets non consultants. Nos résultats soulignent que les sujets des deux groupes ne sont pas si différents. Les facteurs de vulnérabilité présentés par les sujets consultants n’ont pas eu d’incidence sur la reprise du travail. L’aide de la consultation a pu favoriser une forme de résilience et l’autonomie psychique chez ces sujets. Les situations des sujets qui ne souhaitent plus reprendre un travail ont amené des éléments de compréhension face à la sortie de l’emploi après le diagnostic de cancer. Ce travail confirme la singularité de chaque situation de cancer et souligne un besoin spécifique à cette population, celui d’un accompagnement individualisé. Celui-ci doit être envisagé tout au long du processus de reprise du travail pour prévenir des difficultés susceptibles d’apparaître bien au-delà de cette reprise. / This exploratory study aims to identify the modalities of reaction of people with cancer who face the resumption of work and identify the resources or the vulnerabilities facing return to work. Eighty persons divided into three groups: 33 persons who return to work without accompaniment, 44 persons who solicit the department of ‘return to work after a cancer’ (University Hospital of Rouen) and 3 persons who no longer wish to return to work. The psychological, medical, social and professional characteristics of non consultants and consultants are compared. A qualitative analysis (case studies) is performed for the results concerning the three persons that have abandoned their plans to return to work. We expected that consultants are more vulnerable than non consultants. Our results emphasize that both groups are not so different. The vulnerability factors presented by consultants did not have any impact on return to work. The help provided by the department had probably promoted a form of resilience and psychological autonomy for these patients. The situations of persons that have no intention to return to work have highlighted elements of understanding of the reasons which encourage them to quit their job after cancer diagnosis. This study confirms the uniqueness of each situation of cancer. Our results highlight a specific need for this population that of an individualized support. The possibility of being supported throughout the return to work process should be considered in order to prevent issues that may appear beyond this resumption.

No description available.

Due to the COVID19-pandemic many companies and organisations in Sweden have changed their ways of working from location dependent to teleworking. It has been discussed if flexible working conditions benefits or disadvantages workers possibilities to balance work life and family life. Previous research show that women and men traditionally have been responsible for different parts of the unpaid work at home. Studies also show that women tend to spend more time on unpaid work than men. The purpose of this study is to examine if and how the increase of teleworking, as a result of the pandemic, is perceived to have changed the boundaries between work life and family life. The purpose is also to examine whether the experience of the conflict between work and family life has changed due to the pandemic. The aim of the study is also to examine if the distribution of unpaid work is perceived to have changed. The results of the study are based on the answers from qualitative interviews of four women and three men who were teleworking as a result of the pandemic. The results of the study indicate that the responsibility for the boundaries between work life and family life has shifted from the employer to the employee. The conflict between work life and family life is expressed in different ways and has to some extent changed as a result of teleworking. When and how the unpaid work is performed has changed but the distribution between the sexes seems to be the same as before. The social aspect seems to be an important factor for the wellbeing and is lacking in this new way of working. / Till följd av COVID-19-pandemin har många företag och organisationer i Sverige ändrat sin verksamhet från platsberoende till arbete på distans. Det har diskuterats huruvida flexibla arbetsförhållanden gynnar eller missgynnar arbetstagarens möjligheter att balansera arbetsliv och familjeliv. Tidigare forskning visar att kvinnor och män traditionellt sett har ansvarat över olika delar av det oavlönade arbetet i hemmet. Samtidigt visar studier att kvinnor lägger mer tid på oavlönat arbete än män. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka om och hur det ökade distansarbetet till följd av pandemin upplevs ha förändrat gränsdragningen mellan arbetsliv och familjeliv. Syftet är även att undersöka om upplevelsen av konflikten mellan arbete och familj har förändrats till följd av pandemin. Syftet med studien är dessutom att undersöka om fördelningen av det oavlönade arbetet upplevs ha förändrats. Studiens resultat baseras på svaren från kvalitativa intervjuer med fyra kvinnor och tre män som arbetar på distans till följd av pandemin. Studiens resultat tyder på att ansvaret för gränsdragningen mellan arbetsliv och familjeliv har förflyttats från arbetsgivaren till arbetstagaren. Konflikten mellan arbetsliv och familjeliv tar sig i uttryck på olika sätt och har till viss del förändrats till följd av distansarbetet. När och hur det oavlönade arbetet utförs har förändrats, men fördelningen mellan könen verkar vara densamma som innan. Den sociala aspekten verkar vara en viktig faktor för välbefinnandet som saknas i och med det nya arbetslivet.

The objectives of the research were: (1) to conceptualise work-family conflict, stress, work engagement and personality from a theoretical perspective, exploring definitions, theoretical models and dimensions; (2) to investigate the relationship between work-family conflict, stress and work engagement; and (3) determine whether the Big Five personality traits influence how working women manage work-family conflict, stress and work engagement. A non-probability sample (n = 450) of working women aged 25 and older with children between 18 years and younger participated in the study. The findings of the study and the practical implications provide useful information about how working women with different personalities manage work-family conflict and stress, and how they can be engaged at work. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)