This study considers the exploration of working condition/environment of journalistic professional practice in Nigeria from comparative perspective of private and government owned media. The study adopts a qualitative research approach. Three journalists were interviewed from among government owned media establishments and four from privately owned media. The theoretical lenses used to interrogate the research question include Authoritarian theory and its derivatives, Field Theory and the Social Theory of Journalism. These were used to gather qualitative data through a series of semi-structured interviews conducted on the respondents. The results show how operating environments and unsuitable work conditions media practitioners encounter influence or affect quality outcome of work in the profession from comparative angle. The study not only highlighted on contemporary situational developments in the media industry but also how the profession fared in government and privately owned media when placed side-by-side. Though results seem to be a sorry sight in the entire profession’s industry, however, slight variation observed in both sides of government and private media surely justifies the essence of the study, key finding also shows that although journalists encounter similar challenges in the course of their duties, their response to them varies substantially according to individual principles, terrain of work and the part of the industry (government or private) they work for. Results also shows some contrasting work condition/environment’s details in government and private media and the experiences their media practitioners face.

Background Established in 1999, the Swedish Maternal Health Care Register (MHCR), collects data on pregnant women and their offspring. Since 2013, the MHCR has been a part of the Swedish Pregnancy Register (SPR). Data are entered manually into the MHCR by midwives in antenatal care (ANC). ANC is primarily organised within public primary health care in Sweden. Midwives are the primary providers of health care during pregnancy, and they are responsible for providing information about prenatal diagnosis to expecting parents. Aims This thesis investigated internal validity of MHCR data, and user’s experiences of the MHCR. Prenatal diagnosis was explored in regard to local guidelines and to background characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. Factors affecting the work situation for midwives in ANC, as well as their experiences on informing expecting parents about prenatal diagnosis were investigated. Methods Study I, II and III were cross-sectional studies. Study I included data from MHCR and medical records on 878 pregnancies during 2011. Study III analysed data from MHCR/SPR, in total 284,789 pregnancies for 2011 to 2013. Study II was a questionnaire study with a quantitative and a qualitative component, including 989 participants. Study IV was a qualitative study applying qualitative content analysis. Fifteen midwives participated in individual, telephone interviews. Main findings Overall, the degree of coverage of variables was high in the MHCR as well as in the medical records. For 17 of the 27 variables, agreement of data in both data sources reached 95% or more. Possible systematic errors were identified for two variables (Paper I). Midwives valued MHCR generally positively, although manual registration of data into the MHCR was perceived burdensome. Foremost midwives engaged in supervision regularly accessed data on pregnant women at their own ANC clinic (Paper II). Offers on prenatal diagnosis varied considerably between the 21 Swedish counties during 2011 to 2013. Maternal age and educational level demonstrated strong associations with uptake of prenatal diagnosis (Paper III). Midwives in ANC reported their work load as manageable. Clinical guidelines, continuing education, and collaboration in the chain of care of pregnant women, were supportive factors for midwives work situation in antenatal care. Administrative work load was perceived as strenuous and informing expecting parents about prenatal diagnosis was challenging (Paper IV). Conclusions Data in the MHCR demonstrated sufficient internal validity. MHCR was an underutilised source in operational planning of ANC. Offers and uptake on prenatal diagnosis was unequally distributed in Sweden. Midwives enjoyed their work in ANC. Administrative work was strenuous and informing expecting parents about prenatal diagnosis was challenging. The register can further develop its report systems to be used in a higher extent in evaluation and planning of Swedish maternal health care services. Expecting couples in Sweden should be offered the same opportunities on prenatal diagnosis. Pedagogical tools may facilitate midwives mission to inform expecting parents with varying pre-understanding about prenatal diagnosis / Bakgrund Det svenska Mödrahälsovårdsregistret är ett nationellt kvalitetsregister som används inom mödrahälsovården för uppföljning av verksamheten, i förbättringsarbete och som underlag för forskning. Mödrahälsovårdsregistret startade 1999 och samlar in data på gravida kvinnor, förlossningar och nyfödda barn. Sedan 2013 är Mödrahälsovårdsregistret en del av Graviditetsregistret, som består av tre delregister; Mödrahälsovårdsregistret, Fosterdiagnostikregistret och det Obstetriska registret. Barnmorskor inom svensk mödrahälsovård registrerar data manuellt vid två tillfällen i registret, dels i anslutning till inskrivningsbesöket, och dels efter avslutad graviditet, senast 16 veckor efter förlossningen. Barnmorskor inom svensk mödrahälsovård har skyldighet att erbjuda blivande föräldrar information om fosterdiagnostik. Däremot utförs de fosterdiagnostiska undersökningarna på särskilda mottagningar, vanligen inom ramen för Sveriges kvinnokliniker. Med tidig fosterdiagnostik avses rutinultraljud i graviditetsvecka 17 till 20, kombinerat ultraljud och biokemiskt test (KUB), samt de invasiva undersökningarna fostervattenprov (AC) och korionvillibiopsi (CVS). Nästan alla gravida kvinnor kontrolleras inom mödrahälsovården. Majoriteten av mödrahälsovårdsmottagningarna bedrivs inom den offentliga primärvården. Barnmorskan arbetar självständigt och är ansvarig för kvinnor med okomplicerade graviditeter. Övriga uppdrag för barnmorskor inom svensk mödrahälsovård är, föräldrastödsverksamhet, rådgivning och förskrivning av preventivmedel, screening för livmoderhalscancer, samt utåtriktat arbete. I barnmorskans arbete ingår därutöver olika patientadministrativa uppgifter. Syfte Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen var att undersöka det svenska Mödrahälsovårdsregistret ur följande aspekter: intern validitet i registerdata, användarnas erfarenheter, synpunkter och användning av registret samt registerutfall. Ytterligare syften var att undersöka stödjande och belastande faktorer för barnmorskans arbetssituation inom svensk mödrahälsovård och barnmorskors erfarenheter och synpunkter av att informera blivande föräldrar om fosterdiagnostik. vii Metod Studie I, II och III var tvärsnittsstudier. I Studie I jämfördes data i den medicinska journalen med motsvarande uppgifter i Mödrahälsovårdsregistret över 879 gravida kvinnor med ett förlossningsdatum under maj till juni 2011. Studie II var en enkätundersökning som riktade sig till samtliga barnmorskor inom svensk mödrahälsovård (N=989). Undersökningen genomfördes januari till mars 2012. I Studie III analyserades data på totalt 284,789 gravida kvinnor och deras nyfödda barn under perioden 2011 till 2013. Statistiska analyser som användes i Studie I, II och III var Cohen’s Kappa, Pearson’s Chi-två test, sensitivitet och specificitet, samt univariat och multivariat logistisk regressionsanalys. Studie IV var en kvalitativ studie där data insamlades vid individuella telefonintervjuer med totalt 15 barnmorskor verksamma vid olika mödrahälsovårdsmottagningar. Materialet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat Variablerna uppvisade överlag en hög täckningsgrad i både Mödrahälsovårdsregistret och den medicinska journalen. Variabler gällande fosterdiagnostik uppvisade en något lägre täckningsgrad på cirka 90 %. Andelen identiska data i de båda datakällorna varierade från 73,9 % till 99,7 %. För 17 av de 27 undersökta variablerna var överensstämmelsen mellan de båda datakällorna, 95 % eller högre. Variabler relaterade till förlossningen (”enkelbörd/flerbörd”, ”levande fött barn”, och ”barnets kön”) var de variabler som uppvisade högst andel identiska uppgifter i de båda datakällorna. Systematiska fel identifierades för två variabler, ”andra trimester serum screening”, och ”antal barnmorskebesök”. Barnmorskor var överlag positiva till Mödrahälsovårdsregistrets webbapplikation, däremot upplevde en majoritet (70,7 %) av barnmorskorna med enbart patientarbete att den manuella registreringen var en betungande arbetsuppgift. Mödrahälsovårdsregistrets ingående variabler uppfattades som relevanta. I fritext frågorna kommenterades att en del variabler var onödiga, till exempel frågor om fosterdiagnostik medan andra variabler saknades i registret, exempelvis frågor om sjukdomar och medicinska komplikationer under graviditet och förlossning. Barnmorskor med arbetsledande uppgifter rapporterade i jämförelse med de barnmorskor som enbart hade patientarbete att de i högre utsträckning regelbundet extraherade data från registret avseende den egna mottagningen (p<0,001; OR=11,79 CI 95 % 7,43-18,69), och de uppvisade en minskad sannolikhet att ifrågasätta nyttan med registret (p<0,001; OR=0,29 CI 95 % 0,16-0,49). Erbjudande om fosterdiagnostik till blivande föräldrar varierade betydligt mellan de 21 landstingen under åren 2011-2013. Sex landsting erbjöd KUB till alla gravida viii kvinnor, nio landsting erbjöd KUB på indikation och fem landsting erbjöd inte KUB till gravida kvinnor. Ett landsting hade inga skrivna riktlinjer. Under samma tidsperiod var andelen kvinnor som genomgick ultraljud i graviditetsvecka 17-20, 97,6 %, KUB 33,0 %, AC 2,6 % och CVS 1,1 %. Moderns ålder uppvisade störst inverkan på genom-gången fosterdiagnostik. Utbildningsnivå universitet i jämförelse med lägre utbildningsnivå var associerad med en ökad sannolikhet att genomgå KUB (OR 2,30, 95 % CI 2,26-2,35), AC (OR 1,54, 95 % CI 1,46-1,63) och CVS (OR 2,68, 95 % CI 2,44-2,93). Barnmorskor inom svensk mödrahälsovård ansåg att arbetsbelastningen var hanterbar även om den var hög. Kliniska riktlinjer, regelbunden fortbildning, och samarbetet med kollegor och läkare i vårdkedjan för den gravida kvinnan beskrevs som stödjande faktorer i arbete. Den administrativa arbetsbelastningen upplevdes som krävande och att informera blivande föräldrar om fosterdiagnostik som utmanande. Slutsats Data i Mödrahälsovårdsregistret uppvisade god till mycket god täckningsgrad, överensstämmelse och intern validitet för de flesta variablerna i registret. Barnmorskor var överlag positiva till Mödrahälsovårdsregistret, även om arbetsuppgiften att föra in uppgifter manuellt i registret upplevdes som betungande. Erbjudande om fosterdiagnostik varierade avsevärt mellan olika landsting. Moderns ålder och utbildningsnivå var de faktorer som uppvisade störst inverkan på genomgången fosterdiagnostik. Barnmorskor uppskattade sitt arbete inom mödrahälsovården, men det administrativa arbetet upplevdes som krävande. Att informera blivande föräldrar om fosterdiagnostik upplevdes som utmanande. Mödrahälsovårdsregistret har en utvecklingspotential vad gäller dess rapportfunktioner och registerdata skulle i högre grad kunna användas i planering och förbättring av innehållet i svensk mödrahälsovård. Erbjudande om fosterdiagnostik till blivande föräldrar borde vara likvärdiga i samtliga landsting i Sverige. Pedagogiska hjälpmedel skulle kunna underlätta för barnmorskor att informera blivande föräldrar med olika kunskapsnivå vad gäller fosterdiagnostik.

During a period of over five years two psychiatric teams have attempted to develop a programme for cooperation between child and youth care and adult psychiatric care in common premises in a local community just outside Stockholm. The thesis docu­ments, in six parts, the experiences from these experimental working conditions and how they were used to reach the desired goals of change in the organisations and in the activities of the teams. The thesis also shows how this special situation and the circumstances which followed created obstacles to change. The research-programme was carried out by field-research me­thods, i.e. a combination of direct observation and inter-viewing. The two teams went through different phases of mutual rela­tions. Initially they had to face severe difficulties. During the first 1 1/2 years the level of conflict was high. Indivi­dual members of the staffs became more and more paralyzed. At the same time, however, they could manage to work together with client-fami1ies and with other social welfare institutions. Individuals from different teams could exchange experiences with one another but, at the same time, they were unable to genera­lize and to share these experiences consciously. In the following 1 1/2 years the teams were integrated. New ways of handling therapeutic issues were developed. There were signs of change in the therapeutic identity of the staffs. The last years of the experimental period were characterized by growing reactions against the earlier developement. The teams were again split up, both administratively and in relation to working methods, The first part of the thesis describes the developement of the experimental issue in general. It also gives a presentation of the research-programme. The working pre-conditions are examined in the second part. In the third part the cause of the paralysis of the staff's capability of action is analyzed by viewing the problem from different theoretical perspectives and as a result of a clash between the different "activity-matrices" of the teams. In the fourth part some experiences of the research-methods used are documented. Some difficulties connected with preparation, re­alization and evaluation of experimental work conditions are examined in the fifth part. The sixth part is a summing up of the earlier parts and presents an analysis of the contradictions actua­lized during the experimental period. / <p>Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1985, härtill 6 uppsatser.</p> / digitalisering@umu

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-07-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:11:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_ad_me_mar.pdf: 2098125 bytes, checksum: 4c67d0a2de1bbb0981128ab0e47e03f1 (MD5) / O nosso objetivo é interpretar o risco-perigo entre os cortadores de cana-de-açúcar residentes em um bairro de Jacarezinho, localizado no vale do Paranapanema na divisa entre os estados do Paraná e São Paulo. Procura-se captar o dizível e o indizível, o dito e o não dito, o modo de viver em uma vila que traz na história da sua organização e formação social, emblemas e estereótipos sobre aqueles que enfrentam as condições próprias do assalariado rural em sua atividade itinerante, na contigüidade entre o local de moradia e o talhão de cana. Classificados como trabalhadores desqualificados, estes homens e mulheres, ao se dirigirem no rumo dos canaviais, tornar-se-iam invisíveis e impedidos de se fazer reconhecidos e valorizados publicamente por aquilo que desenvolvem; suas atividades passam a ser consideradas descartáveis, algo que pode ser executado por qualquer um, mediante os novos saberes que até então os recomendavam. E, dentre todos aqueles que não tem acesso aos meios de produção, especificamente, os trabalhadores que vieram se tornar assalariados rurais trazem sobre si as marcas da herança do passado, do costume em se lidar com a terra, mas que sob a civilização da usina, em uma lógica de igualdade de chances de trabalho para todos, deliberadamente faz uso da diferenciação entre homens e mulheres, jovens e velhos, negros e brancos, impondo uma hierarquização nas relações de trabalho que não se faz circunscrita ao talhão de cana. Condições que passam a ser comuns, e que retiram do tempo passado a sua legitimidade: um tempo em que revolver a terra com o arado, puxado por animais, em comparação à esteira mecânica dos nossos dias, parece não oferecer maiores implicações à saúde de quem é obrigado a se submeter a esta disciplina. Indiferenciação que trouxe consigo situações outras que aquelas vividas... . / In this speech interpreted on the risk-danger in the sugar-care cutters residents in Jacarezinho's Municipal District neighborhood. Located in Paranapanema's Village, boderlining Paraná and São Paulo. It's captured the said and unsaid, towards the way of live in a village that brings in its history's organization and social structure. Emblems and stereotypes about and among those who faces ownerns conditions rural in its itineranty activity and in a continguity between residence and bound sugar cane. Classifield as non qualification employees, this people in a sugar cane plantation, will become invisible and forbiden to be recognized and praized publicaly by what they developt, it means, their activities started to be considered disposable, some thing that can be executed by anyone towards the new knoledge since then recomended them. And, because of those who were blocked ascess of productions, specifically the employed became earns salary rural bring itself the inheritance marks in the past, the costume to lead the earth, but under sugar cane civilization in a equality logic of chandes of job for all, deliberately the diference usage between men and women, younger and older, black and white, imposing a hierarchization in the job relationship that doesn't bound the sugar cane. The conditions that become ordinary and take away the past of time and its legitimacy. A time to revolve earth with the plow, pulled by animals, in comparison to the mechanical wake of our days, its doesn't seems major implications to health by those who are obligate to be under this discipline. Indiference thath brought by itself other situations human another lived in coffe brazilian plantations time and the job relation partnership, paused the other way it is not only social, but also space towards new relations social and productive. The contiguity between São Paulo Village and the cuttings, appeared, started in the end of forties, brought in it span, so much in a new.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissAMNS.pdf: 8269439 bytes, checksum: 20c8f5b689986311706db32df244949b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-27 / The main objective of the present work is to verify life and work conditions of the workers of the commodity coffee cultivation and of the special coffee in the South of Minas Gerais, a region representing approximately 50% of Brazil s coffee production. Coffee cultivation has been considered as one of the most important agricultures since the end of the XVIII century, subsequently Brazil maintains a ranking as the largest coffee producer in the world. Besides financial transactions in coffee agrobusiness, it can be considered that coffee cultivation is among the farming areas that most employs workmanship in agricultural lands, preceded by cereal crops, sugar cane and citrus fruits (orange). Since 2000, coffee cultivation yields have not been favorable to the Brazilian producers, that being the case, a discussion has begun on the need to increase these revenues and on opening consumer markets for Brazilian coffee. With this in mind, a value aggregation pursuit for coffee has become today s focal point. The research carried out in the producing farms addressed the coffee production processes as well as the work process. This investigation enabled to perceive the existing differences in the production processes and also in the work processes amid the farms. By detailing each of the activities and investigating the existing work relationships in the varying coffee productions, it was observed that the special coffee plantations demand a great deal more work to perform their labor in order to assure quality coffee, on the other hand, they improve the worker s life and work conditions, especially in view of the fact that the special coffee producers need to meet the demands of the international market for their coffee to be accepted, and it is through this correlation that the worker is benefited. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal verificar as condições de vida e trabalho dos trabalhadores da lavoura do café commodity e do café especial no Sul de Minas Gerais, região que representa aproximadamente 50% da produção de café do Brasil. A cultura do café é uma das mais importantes no país a partir de sua chegada ao final do século XVIII. Desde então, o Brasil mantém a posição de maior produtor de café do mundo. Além da movimentação financeira do café no agronegócio, podemos considerar que a lavoura do café está entre as que mais empregam mão-de-obra no campo, antecedida pelos grãos, cana-de-açúcar e laranja. Desde os anos 2000, os rendimentos das lavouras de café não estão sendo favoráveis aos produtores brasileiros, e, por isso, tem se iniciado uma discussão sobre a necessidade do aumento destes rendimentos e da abertura de novos mercados consumidores do café brasileiro. Com isso, a busca pela agregação de valor ao café tornouse a pauta do dia. A pesquisa realizada nas fazendas produtoras abordou tanto os processos de produção do café bem como o processo de trabalho. Esta pesquisa permitiu perceber as diferenças existentes nos processos de produção e também nos processos de trabalho nas lavouras. Detalhando cada uma das atividades e investigando as relações de trabalho existentes nas diferentes produções cafeeiras, observou-se que as lavouras de café especial requerem maior quantidade de trabalho para a execução de suas tarefas, a fim de garantir um café de qualidade. Em contrapartida, melhoram as condições de vida e trabalho dos trabalhadores, principalmente pelo fato de que os produtores de café especial necessitam atender às exigências do mercado externo para que seu café seja aceito. Através dessa relação, é que o trabalhador se beneficia.

Orientador: Maria Inês Monteiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T12:45:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vegian_CamilaFernandaLourencon_M.pdf: 1716075 bytes, checksum: 4b20b61e4d945c73c30312b1ecf606c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A assistência prestada pelo Serviço de Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar Móvel de Urgência pode ser definida como aquela realizada fora do ambiente hospitalar, com o objetivo de proporcionar ao usuário melhor resposta à sua solicitação. Para tal, o serviço possui diversos profissionais que atuam de modo a enfrentar situações diferenciadas e que exigem determinadas habilidades, as quais podem resultar em alterações na saúde dos trabalhadores. Este estudo epidemiológico transversal teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade para o trabalho e os aspectos de saúde, estilo de vida e condições de trabalho entre os profissionais do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) de Campinas, São Paulo. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados quatro questionários e uma escala que permitiram a investigação de: dados sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e aspectos de saúde e trabalho; índice de capacidade para o trabalho (ICT); incivilidade e violência no trabalho; fadiga e sonolência. A taxa de resposta foi 86,6% e a amostra foi composta por 197 trabalhadores - enfermeiros, médicos, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, motoristas e pessoal administrativo. Os resultados evidenciaram a prevalência do sexo masculino (61,4%), idade média de 39,1 anos (DP=8,3), residente na cidade de Campinas (80,7%); casados (63,5%), com filhos (76,7%) e com ensino médio completo (40,1%). Houve predomínio da categoria profissional de motoristas (30,5%), seguido pelos médicos (18,3%) e auxiliares de enfermagem (16,75%); além da atuação em turno diurno (54,3%). Destacou-se a porcentagem de possuir outro emprego (42,1%), realizar horas extras (48%) e trabalhar 70 horas ou mais na semana (25,3%). A maioria praticava atividade física (56,5%) e de lazer (96,5%) e tinha planos para o futuro (94,4%). A média de pontuação do ICT foi 41,8 (DP 5.4) pontos, isto é, boa capacidade para o trabalho: 41,1 entre profissionais de enfermagem; 41,5 entre os médicos; 42,9 entre os motoristas; 42,5 entre as telefonistas e 40,3 entre trabalhadores do setor administrativo. Diversas variáveis tiveram associação com a perda da capacidade do trabalho, sendo algumas delas: estado civil, filhos, atividade física, acidentes de trabalho, incivilidade no trabalho, fadiga, sonolência, estresse, satisfação com a vida e com o trabalho. Em síntese, faz-se necessária a utilização de abordagem multidimensional para a implementação de programas que visem à manutenção e promoção da saúde física e mental, em geral, assim como, específica para cada categoria profissional. Outro aspecto relevante é a educação da população usuária quanto ao uso correto do serviço. Este estudo está inserido na linha de pesquisa "Trabalho, saúde e educação". / Abstract: The assistance provided by the Pre hospital Emergency Care Mobile Unit can be defined as that performed outside the hospital, aiming to provide the user with better response to your request. To this end, the service has many professionals working in order to face different situations and require certain skills, which may result in changes in the health of workers. This epidemiological study aimed to evaluate the work ability and aspects of health, lifestyle and working conditions among professionals Pre hospital Emergency Care Mobile Unit (SAMU) in Campinas, São Paulo. To collect the data four questionnaires were used and a scale that allowed investigations: demographic data, lifestyle and health issues and work; work ability index (WAI), incivility and violence at work, fatigue and sleepiness. The response rate was 86.6% and the sample consisted of 197 workers - nurses, doctors, technicians and nursing assistants, drivers and administrative staff. The results showed the prevalence of males (61.4%), mean age 39.1 years (SD = 8.3), residing in the city of Campinas (80.7%), married (63.5%) with children (76.7%) and high school (40.1%). Predominated in the professional category of drivers (30.5%), followed by doctors (18.3%) and nursing assistants (16.75%) and performance on the day shift (54.3%). They noted the high percentage of having another job (42.1%), doing overtime (48%) and working 70 hours or more per week (25.3%). Most practiced physical activity (56.5%) and leisure (96.5%) and had plans for the future (94.4%). The average score of the WAI was 41.8 (SD 5.4) points, ie, good ability to work: 41.1 among nursing professionals, 41.5 among doctors, 42.9 among drivers; 42.5 between the telephone operators and 40.3 among workers in the administrative sector. Several variables were associated with loss of work ability, these include: marital status, children, physical activity, accidents, incivility at work, fatigue, sleepiness, stress, satisfaction with life and work. It is necessary to use muldimensional approach to the implementation of programs aimed at maintaining and promoting physical and mental health in general and, specific to each professional category. Another relevant aspect is the education of the user population about the correct use of the service. This study follows the line of research "Work, health and education." / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem

Orientador: Maria Inês Monteiro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T16:11:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Masson_ValeriaAparecida_D.pdf: 5748783 bytes, checksum: 4014442b8b82661fef81701faf7dccc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Este estudo sobre condições de trabalho, aspectos de saúde e capacidade para o trabalho de jovens trabalhadores de um Entreposto Hortifrutigranjeiro de Campinas visa à promoção da saúde no local de trabalho. Trata-se de estudo de intervenção de delineamento quase-experimental. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 42 jovens na faixa etária de 15 a 29 anos, selecionados no local de trabalho, de maneira intencional, com o objetivo de avaliar a capacidade para o trabalho e os fatores de estilo de vida, condições de trabalho, fadiga e sonolência, para realização de promoção da saúde entre os sujeitos. Após as entrevistas foram realizadas atividades de promoção da saúde como grupos educativos, entrega de folders, exposição de pôster no mercado tomando por base a educação em saúde e a conscientização da população pela adoção de hábitos de vida saudáveis. Após a intervenção, o mesmo grupo de jovens, com perda de 11 sujeitos, foi novamente entrevistado. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: questionário com dados sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e aspectos de saúde e trabalho; Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho, Questionário de fadiga e a Escala de Sonolência de Epworth, Escala de Karolinska e Analise Ergonômica do Trabalho. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de estatística descritiva, testes estatísticos e análise de conteúdo por meio dos programas estatísticos SPSS e SAS. As atividades de intervenção não tiveram efetividade sobre a saúde, capacidade para o trabalho e percepção de fadiga dos jovens. A prática de atividade física caiu de 54,8% para 42,9%, com aumento do Índice de Massa Corpórea médio (IMC) de 24,3 kg/m² (DP 6,8) para 25,5 kg/m². Após a intervenção, houve diminuição do uso de bebidas alcoólicas entre os sujeitos, de 42,8% para 19,1%, também houve redução do número de fumantes a zero. A maior parte dos sujeitos estudados apresentou capacidade para o trabalho adequada tanto no pré-intervenção quanto no pós-intervenção. Não ocorreu alteração da capacidade para o trabalho e fatores como escolaridade, estresse, dor e uso de medicamentos foram associados à menor capacidade para o trabalho. Fatores como estresse, sonolência, dor e escolaridade foram associados com a fadiga. Os jovens apresentaram riscos ocupacionais em suas atividades de trabalho, como movimentos repetitivos, posições inadequadas, cargas de peso, que devem ser considerados em futuros estudos de intervenção sobre as condições e organização do trabalho. Os resultados analisados mostraram a necessidade de se dar continuidade às intervenções no local de trabalho visando manter a capacidade para o trabalho e reduzir a fadiga da população estudada / Abstract: This study on working conditions, health issues and work ability of young workers from the supply center of Campinas aims to promote health in the workplace, since the working conditions and health are major determinants of inappropriate situations that these workers are exposed to. This is a quasi-experimental design intervention study. The interviews were conducted with a group of 42 young people aged 15 to 29 years, intentionally selected at work with the purpose of evaluating the work ability and lifestyle factors, working conditions, fatigue and drowsiness, in order to conduct health promotion among the individuals. After conducting the interviews, activities to promote health like education groups, delivering of leaflets, and poster exhibition at the market building, all based on health education and the public awareness for adopting healthy life habits. After the intervention, the same group of young people with loss of 11 subjects was interviewed again. We used the following instruments: a questionnaire about socio-demographic, lifestyle and aspects of heath and work; Work Ability Index, Fatigue Questionnaire and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale and Ergonomic Work Analysis. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, statistical tests and content analysis by means of statistical programs SPSS and SAS. Intervention activities were not effective on health, work ability and perception of fatigue. Subjects who practiced physical activities before the intervention were 54.8% and after the intervention that number dropped to 42.9%. The average Body Mass Index (BMI) increased from 24.3 kg/m² (SD 6.8) to 25.5 kg/m². After the intervention, there was a decrease in alcohol consumption among the subjects, 42.8% to 19.1%, with respect to smoking, two subjects stopped smoking after the intervention, therefore no subject smoked in the post-intervention. Most of the subjects studied had adequate capacity to work both in the pre-test and post-test. Factors such as education, stress, pain and medication use was associated with reduced capacity for work. Factors associated with increased perception of fatigue, were stress, somnolence, pain and schooling. The youth had occupational risks in their work activities, such as repetitive motions, awkward positions, load weight, which should be considered in future intervention studies on the conditions and work organization. The analyzed results show the need to continue the interventions in the workplace to maintain the ability to work and reduce fatigue of the population studied / Doutorado / Enfermagem / Doutora em Enfermagem

Bakgrund: Inom dagens slutenvård möter legitimerade sjuksköterskor en ökad arbetsbelastning samtidigt som sjuksköterskor förväntas utföra god och säker vård gentemot patienter. Situationen kan resultera i att vårdskador uppstår och patientsäkerheten äventyras.  Syfte: Syftet var att belysa de faktorer som har betydelse för patientsäkerheten inom slutenvården utifrån sjuksköterskors perspektiv. Metod: Litteraturöversikt baserat på 20 artiklar med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Resultat: Faktorer som påverkade patientsäkerheten identifierades som ogynnsam Arbetsmiljö, vårdpersonalens Kompetens, Kommunikation, Samarbete inom vårdlaget och Patientsäkerhetskulturen på avdelningen. Slutsats: Det är av vikt att identifiera arbetsrelaterade faktorer för att skapa en bättre arbetsmiljö och förebygga uppkomsten av vårdskador vilket leder till en förbättrad patientsäkerhet och en säker vård. / Background: Registered nurses of today in the inpatient care face increased workload concurrently when nurses are expected to deliver good and safe care for patients. The situation of today´s health care may result in patient safety events and jeopardizing patient safety. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe factors in inpatient care that can have an impact on patient safety. Method: A literature review including 20 articles with both qualitative and quantitative approach was performed. Results: Factors that have an impact on patient safety were identified as unfavorable Work environment, Healthcare workers competence, Communication, Cooperation within the task force and the patient safety culture in the department. Conclusion: It is important to identify work-related factors in order to create a better work environment and prevent patient safety events which leads to improved patient safety and safe care.

Orientador: Christina de Rezende Rubim / Banca: Reinero Antônio Lérias / Banca: Bárbara Fadel / Banca: Áureo Busseto / Banca: Ethel Kosminsky / Resumo: O nosso objetivo é interpretar o risco-perigo entre os cortadores de cana-de-açúcar residentes em um bairro de Jacarezinho, localizado no vale do Paranapanema na divisa entre os estados do Paraná e São Paulo. Procura-se captar o dizível e o indizível, o dito e o não dito, o modo de viver em uma vila que traz na história da sua organização e formação social, emblemas e estereótipos sobre aqueles que enfrentam as condições próprias do assalariado rural em sua atividade itinerante, na contigüidade entre o local de moradia e o talhão de cana. Classificados como trabalhadores desqualificados, estes homens e mulheres, ao se dirigirem no rumo dos canaviais, tornar-se-iam invisíveis e impedidos de se fazer reconhecidos e valorizados publicamente por aquilo que desenvolvem; suas atividades passam a ser consideradas descartáveis, algo que pode ser executado por qualquer um, mediante os novos saberes que até então os recomendavam. E, dentre todos aqueles que não tem acesso aos meios de produção, especificamente, os trabalhadores que vieram se tornar assalariados rurais trazem sobre si as marcas da herança do passado, do costume em se lidar com a terra, mas que sob a civilização da usina, em uma lógica de igualdade de chances de trabalho para todos, deliberadamente faz uso da diferenciação entre homens e mulheres, jovens e velhos, negros e brancos, impondo uma hierarquização nas relações de trabalho que não se faz circunscrita ao talhão de cana. Condições que passam a ser comuns, e que retiram do tempo passado a sua legitimidade: um tempo em que revolver a terra com o arado, puxado por animais, em comparação à esteira mecânica dos nossos dias, parece não oferecer maiores implicações à saúde de quem é obrigado a se submeter a esta disciplina. Indiferenciação que trouxe consigo situações outras que aquelas vividas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo). / Abstract: In this speech interpreted on the risk-danger in the sugar-care cutters residents in Jacarezinho's Municipal District neighborhood. Located in Paranapanema's Village, boderlining Paraná and São Paulo. It's captured the said and unsaid, towards the way of live in a village that brings in its history's organization and social structure. Emblems and stereotypes about and among those who faces ownerns conditions rural in its itineranty activity and in a continguity between residence and bound sugar cane. Classifield as non qualification employees, this people in a sugar cane plantation, will become invisible and forbiden to be recognized and praized publicaly by what they developt, it means, their activities started to be considered disposable, some thing that can be executed by anyone towards the new knoledge since then recomended them. And, because of those who were blocked ascess of productions, specifically the employed became earns salary rural bring itself the inheritance marks in the past, the costume to lead the earth, but under sugar cane civilization in a equality logic of chandes of job for all, deliberately the diference usage between men and women, younger and older, black and white, imposing a hierarchization in the job relationship that doesn't bound the sugar cane. The conditions that become ordinary and take away the past of time and its legitimacy. A time to revolve earth with the plow, pulled by animals, in comparison to the mechanical wake of our days, its doesn't seems major implications to health by those who are obligate to be under this discipline. Indiference thath brought by itself other situations human another lived in coffe brazilian plantations time and the job relation partnership, paused the other way it is not only social, but also space towards new relations social and productive. The contiguity between São Paulo Village and the cuttings, appeared, started in the end of forties, brought in it span, so much in a new. / Mestre

Darbo tikslas. Palyginti darbo sąlygas privačiose ir viešųjų įstaigų klinikinėse laboratorijose. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrime dalyvavo 192 respondentai. 96 respondentai buvo vienos privačios X laboratorijos darbuotojai (penki padaliniai), kiti 96 viešųj�� įstaigų laboratorijų darbuotojai. Atsako dažnis 76,8 proc. Tyrimas atliktas 2007 m. spalio – 2008 m. sausio mėnesiais. Duomenys surinkti anoniminės anketinės apklausos būdu. Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant kompiuterinį SPSS 13.0 statistinį paketą ir MS Excel. Rezultatai. Darbo aplinkoje su kenksmingomis cheminėmis medžiagomis, susiduria 97,9 proc. viešųjų ir 94,8 proc. privačios laboratorijos darbuotojai. Nepatenkinti darbo apsaugos priemonėmis buvo 55( 57,3 proc.) viešosios laboratorijos darbuotojų ir 25 (26 proc.) privačios laboratorijos darbuotojų. Geresniu užmokesčiu pasižymi privačių laboratorijų darbuotojai (p<0,05), o tai įtakoja ir tai, kad jie rečiau, nei viešųjų laboratorijų darbuotojai galvoja apie darbo keitimą. Didžiausias stresorius darbo aplinkoje buvo atsakomybė, už aliekamą darbą. (viešoje 82,3proc., privačioje 57,3 proc.) Statistiškai patikimiau (p<0,05) didesnę atsakomybę už atliekamą darbą jautė viešųjų laboratorijų darbuotojai. Labiausiai motyvaciją darbui didina atlygis, už padaryta darbą. Dažnesnį nuovargį darbo metu dažniau jaučia privataus sektoriaus darbuotojai, kurį įtakoja, didesni darbo krūviai, pamaininis darbas. Išvados. Privataus sektoriaus laboratorijų darbuotojai uždirba daugiau... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Final Paper Aim: Compare the work conditions in the public and private clinical laboratories. Work Methods: We have taken for the research work 192 respondents: 96 of them were employed in the private X laboratory (five departments) and the other 96 respondents were working in the public laboratories. Answer period 76,8 percent. This research was being run in the duration from the October, 2007 until the January, 2008. The questionnaire data have been gathered anonym. The statistic data analysis were put up by the help of statistical package SPSS and MS Excel. Results. In the environment with the toxic sanitary conditions work 97,9 percent of employees of public laboratories, and 94,8 percent of workers are engaged for the private laboratories. 55 (57,3 percent) of the public laboratories workers were not satisfied with the work protection conditions, and 25 (26 percent) of the private laboratory workers weren’t quite happy about the mentioned matter. A better income is assessable for the private laboratories employees (p<0,05), - this can admit them the more constant post of work than that of the public laboratories workers, who have to change their work therefore. The most ordinary factor of hectic in the environment was set the stressor of responsibility for the accomplished work as follows: 82,3 percent of the public sector respondents, and 57,3 percent of the private laboratories workers. The statistic reliable (p<0,05) responsibility for the work was shown by the... [to full text]