Habilitationsschrift--Philologie--Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität--Münster, 1999. / Bibliogr. p. 713-754.

Diss.--Fachbereich 10--Marburg--Philipps-Universität, 1989.

I will follow the theoretical and critical discourse, related to establishing of Czech literary naturalism. My sources will be both book editions (essays from the volumes "Lehký harcovník", or "O národní literaturu", made available by the Melantrich publishing company) and journalistic production. Among the personalities she will focus on F. Schulz and V. Mrštík, possibly on other authors according to the primary heuristics results. The idea about general extension of naturalism will be provided by relevant syntheses or partial monographs (ADČL III; Haman: Trvání v proměně; Janáčková: Česká literatura na přelomu století; Český román na sklonku 19. století).

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literaturas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, 2013. / Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2013-07-05T14:44:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_MonicaSantosGomes.pdf: 2003837 bytes, checksum: 05e55265c49c66da6fc02bba4935ece9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2013-07-08T13:05:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_MonicaSantosGomes.pdf: 2003837 bytes, checksum: 05e55265c49c66da6fc02bba4935ece9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-07-08T13:05:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_MonicaSantosGomes.pdf: 2003837 bytes, checksum: 05e55265c49c66da6fc02bba4935ece9 (MD5) / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo a realização da análise crítica das traduções brasileiras realizadas no século XX do romance Germinal, de Émile Zola, considerando as relações entre tradução e formação do sistema literário em nação periférica. A importância de se realizar esse estudo está na reflexão de como a tradução está inserida no contexto social, cultural e literário de uma nação, pois através de obras traduzidas, tem-se a possibilidade de se conhecer outras culturas, fato que, consequentemente, cria a oportunidade de realização de trocas literárias, com vistas ao enriquecimento da cultura local. A análise das traduções de Germinal no Brasil é relevante por se tratar de um romance canônico, peça-chave de um movimento literário que deixou marcas em importantes escritores brasileiros, como Aluísio de Azevedo. Esta dissertação busca demonstrar, à luz de estudos da crítica de tradução e da crítica literária, a importância da presença desse romance em nosso sistema literário. Para tal, analisaremos comparativamente as traduções e retraduções do romance em português, buscando estabelecer relações entre a primeira tradução portuguesa e as quatro brasileiras do século XX. Antes disso, verificaremos o processo de criação do movimento naturalista na França e sua recepção no Brasil. Analisaremos também os paratextos das obras traduzidas, com o objetivo de examinar a apresentação dessas obras aos leitores brasileiros. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / This dissertation aims to make a critical analysis of translation and a literary critical analysis of the Brazilian translations of Germinal, the novel written by Émile Zola, made in the 20th century, considering the relations between the translation and the formation of a literary system in a peripheral nation. The importance of this study is on lies in the reflection about how the translation is introduced in the social, economic, cultural and literary context of a nation because, besides the translation work, it is possible to get to know other nations, which consequently creates an opportunity for literary exchanges, aiming to enrich the local culture. Concerning the study of a French naturalist novel at the end of the 19th century, we can say that, even though it is a work produced a long time ago, it is important for the Brazilian literary context because of the influence France had on our literature especially at that period. The analysis of the translation of Germinal in Brazil is relevant because it is a canonic novel, which influenced many important Brazilian writers such as Aluísio Azevedo. This dissertation aims to demonstrate the importance of the presence of this novel in our literary system based on studies on translation critique and literary critique. In order to do this, we will analyze and compare a variety of translations into Portuguese, trying to establish a relation between the first translation into Portuguese and the four other Brazilian translations made in the 20th century. Before this, we will verify the creative process of the naturalist movement in France and how it was received in Brazil. We will also analyze paratexts of the translated works, aiming to examine the presentation of these works to Brazilian readers. ______________________________________________________________________________ RÉSUMÉ / Ce travail a pour objetctif l'analyse critique des traductions brésiliennes réalisées au XX siècle du roman Germinal, d´Émile Zola, dans le cadre des relations entre la traduction et la formation du système littéraire dans les nations périphériques. L'importance de la réalisation de cette étude est de penser la façon dont la traduction est intégrée dans le contexte social, culturel et littéraire d´une nation, car, à travers des œuvres traduites, nous avons l'occasion de rencontrer d'autres cultures, et la possibilité de mener des échanges littéraires en vue d'enrichir la culture locale. L'analyse des traductions de Germinal au Brésil est pertinente, car il s´agit d´un roman canonique, chef- d´oeuvre d´un mouvement littéraire qui a laissé des traces importantes dans l´oeuvre d´écrivains brésiliens tels qu´Aluísio de Azevedo. Ce travail cherche à démontrer, à la lumière des études critiques de la traductologie et de la critique littéraire, l'importance de la présence de ce roman dans notre système littéraire. Pour ce faire, nous allons analyser comparativement les traductions et retraductions du roman vers le portugais brésilien en essayant d’établir les relations entre la première traduction portugaise et les quatre traductions faites au Brésil au XX siècle. Avant cela, nous parcourons ce qui fonde le mouvement naturaliste en France et sa reception au Brésil. Nous analysons également le paratexte des oeuvres traduites dans le but d’examiner le mode de présentation des oeuvres aux lecteurs brésiliens.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:32:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo450_1.pdf: 1409541 bytes, checksum: 71635ec4e756a9f7e9c44a0c7111b329 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho pretende comparar as expressões literárias que Machado de Assis e Émile Zola ofereceram a algumas idéias originadas da teoria evolucionista que estavam em voga na segunda metade do século XIX. A ambição científica em desenvolver sistemas que totalizassem os saberes em áreas diversas do conhecimento teve forte influência na criação de um conjunto de idéias filosóficas que associavam o conceito de evolução à visão de história como um processo teleológico. Aproximando-me inicialmente dos conceitos de história que baseavam a interpretação que Machado de Assis e Émile Zola fizeram sobre suas respectivas sociedades, pretendo demonstrar como os dois escritores tomaram caminhos distintos quanto às utopias civilizatórias que transpunham as idéias científicas para a interpretação dos processos de mudança social. A partir da análise de textos ficcionais e jornalísticos de cada um dos autores, defendo a hipótese de que Machado de Assis apresenta um olhar cético sobre as contradições inerentes às estruturas sociais brasileiras, afastando-se, assim, de uma teleologia que organiza a história em fases em direção a uma utópica evolução. Do seu lado, Zola recorre aos discursos científicos que sustentavam teses eugênicas para explicar comportamentos e mudanças sociais, defendendo a emancipação da sociedade francesa através da racionalização da vida cotidiana e da intervenção da ciência nas mais diversas práticas culturais que marcavam o contexto da época

This thesis proposes and explores the concept of ‘invisible architecture’ as a means of interpreting the city in the nineteenth century. Invisible architecture is understood as the unseen structure which holds together the modern city, allowing it to exist as a concept despite the impossibility of gaining full knowledge of it. It has two sides, the first repressive and stabilising, the second fluctuating and utopian. In this way, the thesis is interested in the material and spatial basis of ideology, as well as the ways ideology can be disrupted or distorted. It is also interested in developing a link between invisible architecture and two forms of the unconscious: the psychoanalytic unconscious, which is read through Freud and Lacan, and Walter Benjamin’s ‘optical unconscious’. More broadly, the thesis explores the ongoing significance of Benjamin’s Arcades Project (1927-40) for nineteenth-century city literature. Invisible architecture is explored by analysing how it operates as an object of interest and concern for a selection of writers whose work engages with the modern city between approximately 1830 and 1885. Chapter One focuses on Nikolai Gogol, whose essay ‘On Present-Day Architecture’ (1835) is read in relation to Sergei Eisenstein (1898-1948). This text expresses the desire to bring into visibility the submerged history of architecture and to produce a modern urban architecture that is monolithic and controlling. At the same time, it imagines a city built from suspended structures made of iron, a form of architecture that is speculative and destabilising. Gogol’s use of the term ‘arabesque’ (as in his 1835 volume, Arabesques) is also investigated, with reference to ‘The Overcoat’ (1842), as a means of thinking about how the city both disrupts and evokes totality. Chapter Two looks at James Kay, Friedrich Engels and Elizabeth Gaskell’s writing on industrial Manchester, especially Mary Barton (1848). It argues that the trope of the underground, which is associated particularly with the working class, operates as a form of invisible architecture, and considers the ways Kay’s 1832 pamphlet on Manchester cotton-workers seeks to bring the city into greater visibility. Chapters Three and Four focus on Dickens’s London in Dombey and Son (1848) and Our Mutual Friend (1865) respectively. Chapter Three looks at the hidden, but unstable, connections between the domestic and financial ‘houses’ of Dombey, and reads the railway as a force which both breaks apart and connects the city of London. Chapter Four focuses on the river as indicating the presence of that which cannot be integrated into the city because it is fundamentally unknowable, drawing on Lacan’s work on vision and the unconscious. This chapter also suggests that city space in Our Mutual Friend is frequently uncanny, referring to Freud’s essay on the topic. Chapter 5 examines Zola’s Paris in The Kill (1872) and The Ladies’ Paradise (1883) in relation to Debord’s Society of the Spectacle (1967), arguing that Haussmann’s boulevards and the new department stores of Second Empire Paris seem to open up the city with new vistas of space and glass, offering absolute visibility, but at the same time suppressing and destroying parts of the city. The conclusion looks at whiteness within city space, basing its discussion on texts covered in the preceding chapters. It proposes the contradictory combination of visibility and invisibility which whiteness signifies as a final example of invisible architecture, and argues for a dialectical connection between nineteenth-century whiteness and the whiteness of modernism.

The diploma thesis Naturalism in French and European literature deals with the French literary movement naturalism. The first aim of the thesis is to determine the scope of naturalism and its influence on other European literatures and writers. The second aim is to conduct a research on the way naturalism is taught in Czech schools and to map to what extent the theoretical knowledge is reflected in school practice. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the literary naturalism as such, on its development and characteristics and it introduces French and European naturalist writers and their most important works. The thesis is interested in the influence of French naturalism on European literature. The practical part, or the research, is concerned with the teaching of the topic of the literary naturalism at Czech grammar schools. It examines the impact of this movement in the Czech context, the attitude of individual teachers and the amount of time devoted to this topic in the classes. The practical part also studies which writers are dealt with in the classes and which works are regardedas exemplary. The conclusion of this thesis summarises the results of the research and it offers recommendations on how to enrich and improve the teaching of the...

Les antinaturalistes ! Ce terme fait jaillir les figures de critiques du XIXe siècle, dont les noms sont demeurés plus ou moins gravés dans la mémoire et dans l’histoire littéraire : Barbey d’Aurevilly, Léon Bloy, Léon Daudet, mais aussi Pontmartin, Remy de Gourmont ou Jean-Marie Guyau... auteurs fascinants par leur virulence, leur refus de la modernité, leurs positions philosophiques hors-norme ou novatrices... La présente étude tend à montrer la diversité qui peut animer ce groupe, qui se définit par la négative comme « ceux qui s’opposent à la littérature de Zola ». Cette alliance des contraires leur permet de se constituer en force à part entière sur l’échiquier littéraire.Pour appréhender cette tension entre la pluralité des figures et la force d’un groupe dont l’unité se fracasse sur l’affaire Dreyfus, une première partie proposera quelques parcours dans la sociologie et la philosophie de l’époque, qui mettent en évidence un paysage complexe, traversées par d’étranges phénomènes de ruptures et de continuité. Puis, en questionnant la manière dont les antinaturalistes mettent en forme un discours critique. Un chapitre consacré aux rhétoriques antinaturalistes ne fera que renforcer l’idée de multiplicité au sein de ce groupe. Un double-mouvement de construction et de déconstruction de ce concept, conduira à réévaluer quelques griefs adressés à Zola par ses ennemis pour mettre en lumière des phénomènes de ré-emprunts et des positions singulières et paradoxales, qui témoignent de l’importance de l’auteur naturaliste dans le champ littéraire de la fin du XIXe siècle, tant sur le plan littéraire que sur le plan politique. / Antinaturalists! This term brings out the figures of critics of the nineteenth century, whose names have remained more or less engraved in memory and in literary history: Barbey d'Aurevilly, Leon Bloy, Leon Daudet, but also Pontmartin, Remy de Gourmont or Jean-Marie Guyau ... fascinating authors by their virulence, their rejection of modernity, their philosophical positions out of norm or innovative ... The present study tends to show the diversity that can animate this group, which is defined by the negative as "those who oppose Zola's literature". This alliance of opposites allows them to constitute themselves in full force on the literary chessboard.To apprehend this tension between the plurality of figures and the strength of a group whose unity is shattered on the Dreyfus affair, a first part will propose some pathways in the sociology and philosophy of the time, which highlight a complex landscape, traversed by strange phenomena of breaks and continuity. Then, questioning the way in which antinaturalists form a critical discourse. A chapter devoted to antinaturalist rhetoric will only reinforce the idea of ​​multiplicity within this group. A double-movement of construction and deconstruction of this concept, will lead to reevaluate some grievances addressed to Zola by his enemies to highlight phenomena of re-borrowing and singular and paradoxical positions, which testify to the importance of the naturalist author in the literary field of the late nineteenth century, both literary and political.

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Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.