This thesis focuses on the impact of a mega-store on the existing businesses in a specific area--Magazine Street in New Orleans. The potential mega-store is a 200,000 square foot Wal-Mart Supercenter that is part of the retail component of the St. Thomas housing re-development. The focus of this project is the retail competition that might be generated by this mega-store. Businesses were studied and placed into categories as either direct or indirect competitors to the mega-store. Previous research identified certain categories of store types that could be impacted (either positively or negatively) by the location of national stores in their communities. These categories were used to determine the impact that Wal-Mart might have on businesses on Magazine Street. Business owners were surveyed to determine how they thought they would be impacted. In the opinions of the business owners, the overall impact that a Wal-Mart would have on Magazine Street businesses would be negative. The surveys do show, however, mixed attitudes among the Magazine Street business owners toward Wal-Mart's coming.

This thesis focuses on bicyclists using the Jefferson Davis multi-use, off-street trail in the City of New Orleans. Understanding user characteristics and perceptions of bicyclists will help inform planning, policy, and design related to bicycle infrastructure. This thesis uses a review of the relevant literature, intercept surveys of bicyclists, and automatic bicycle counts to understand how user characteristics can influence successful bicycle design, policies, and planning. The user characteristics of the bicyclists on the Jefferson Davis Trail provide us with information on who is using the trail, how often, why, and what users would like to see improved. Planners need to understand the motivations of the current and potential trail users. Making bicycling a safe mode of travel in an urban area involves influencing citizens at both the socialecological level and the travel-behavioral level, providing the culture around bicycling and the facilities available to do so.

Orientador: Zélia Lopes da Silva / Banca: Sonia Maria Sperandio Lopes Adum / Banca: Sandra de Cássia Araújo Pelegrini / Resumo: Tomando em análise os logradouros que foram batizados com nomes de mulheres, almeja- se perceber o destaque obtido pelas mulheres no espaço público londrinense. Com isso, quer-se analisar quem são essas mulheres homenageadas e quais os papéis sociais imaginados para elas. Sobretudo, pretende-se saber quais as representações de gênero que foram criadas e explicitadas no espaço urbano dessa jovem cidade do setentrião paranaense, que conta com mais de 4 mil logradouros públicos. Para cada logradouro é escolhido um nome e assim são rendidas homenagens à natureza, aos países, estados e cidades. Mas há aquelas ruas, praças e avenidas, dotadas de nomes que evocam personagens da história local, nacional ou mundial, homenageando suas vidas e obras. No presente trabalho, partimos do pressuposto que, ao se nomear ruas e praças de uma cidade, está se dotando de significação aquele elemento urbano, ao passo que se celebra, concomitantemente, o acontecimento ou personagem ali representado / Abstract: Taking in analysis the thoroughfares that were named using women names, therefore, this dissertation aims to realize the real space obtained by women in public space in Londrina. This way we intend to understand who these honored women are, and what are the social roles previously thought for them and, above all, which gender representations that have been created and explicit in the urban space of this young city in the North of Parana State which counts more than 4,000 public places. For each street a name is chosen and then homages are rendered to nature, countries, states and cities. But there are some streets, squares and avenues that are endowed with names that evoke historical characters from local, national or global history, honoring their lives and works. We assume that naming streets and squares of a city is providing symbolic meaning to the urban element chosen, while we celebrate, concomitantly, that event or character represented there / Mestre

Este estudo dedica-se a levantar elementos que configurem a dinâmica da rua de comércio dentro de um contexto de transformações recentes da atividade comercial na cidade de São Paulo. O método envolve primeiro, num âmbito geral, o estudo da dinâmica da rua de comércio sob três diferentes aspectos: pela evolução urbana, pelas transformações sócio-econômicas e pelos hábitos de compra do consumidor. A síntese se apóia em pesquisas quantitativas para relacionar as principais ruas de comércio, categorias de produtos mais procurados e as razões pelas quais as pessoas freqüentam estas ruas de comércio. Apresenta, em conclusão, os principais atributos de uma rua de comércio, através do levantamento do seu mix de lojas, ocupação e transformações. / This study proposes to come up with elements which configurate the commerce street dynamic inside a recent transformation context of commercial activity in São Paulo city. The method envolves the study of the street dynamic upon three different aspects: through the urban evolution, the socio-economic transformation and the consumer shopping habits. The synthesis is supported on quantitative researches to relate the main commerce streets, products categories most required and the reason why people go to those commerce streets. It presents the main attributes of a commerce street, through the survey of its mix, occupation and present transformation.

Thesis advisor: Susan A. Michalczyk / For my thesis I not only looked at the research that has been done on the topic of homelessness, but I also used my first-hand experience from volunteering at Pine Street Inn, a homeless shelter in Boston's South End. Although I focused more specifically on the older homeless population, I also looked at how society perceives the homeless in general. I realized that the homeless are constantly looked down upon by the more fortunate members of society, and that they are seen as some how deserving of their situation. I came to the conclusion that before we can eradicate homelessness, we, as a society, must change out attitudes and perceptions of the homeless. We must view the homeless as individuals, as human beings. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2006. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: College Honors Program.

This thesis explores questions of politics and public space through an examination of the experiences of people involved in Occupy protest camps and local officials who were tasked with managing the protests in Eugene, OR and Madison, WI. Using assemblage as an organizing theoretical framework, this work identifies the actors involved in the production of Occupy protest camps and traces the trajectories of two Occupy protests from their beginnings to eviction day. It highlights the role of space in the protests, the ways in which protesters negotiated with local authorities for long-term use of public spaces previously prohibited by law, and some of the factors that contributed to the eviction of the protest camps. Finally, it seeks to reframe the debate on public space and conceptualizes public space as an assemblage that is continually made, unmade, and remade through the interactions of diverse, heterogeneous actors. / 10000-01-01

O futebol, como uma atividade de lazer, é uma prática fundamental na vida das pessoas dos bairros de periferia. Portanto, refletindo toda sua importância para nossa cultura, cria uma grande rede de sociabilidade local. A persistência dos campos de futebol, o sonho de jovens nas escolinhas de futebol, as intermináveis “peneiras” dos talentos da bola, os incontáveis jogos e torneios do final de semana, demostram toda sua vitalidade. Deslocando o olhar dos campos para o espaço das ruas, descobrimos a presença de mais um de seus formatos: o futebol de rua. O objetivo desta investigação foi descrever e analisar a prática do futebol de rua como fator de sociabilidade de jovens através da categoria “pedaço”. / Soccer, as an entertainment activity, is a deep-rooted practice in the life of the people who live in the city outskirts. Therefore, by reflecting its whole importance in our culture, it generates a considerable local socialization network. The persistence of soccer fields, the young people’s dreams at soccer schools, the never-ending searching for the new talents of the ball, the uncountable matches and the tournaments on weekends, depicts all its vitality. Turning our sight out of the soccer fields to the street environment, we find out the existence of one more of its formats: the street soccer. The objective of this study was to describe and analyze the street soccer practice as a factor in socializing young people through the ¨pedaço¨ (geographically localized neighborhood located within a larger city or suburb where people gatherings are likely to take place) category.

A principal função da arborização viária, nos últimos 30 anos, passou de apenas estética para promotora de serviços ambientais, mas essas árvores estão submetidas a diversos fatores estressantes, como a poluição do ar, a baixa disponibilidade de água, solo compactado, podas severas, e área de crescimento limitada. As redes aéreas de distribuição de energia são um dos elementos que mais interferem no manejo das árvores viárias, pois o conflito, geralmente, já está estabelecido e as concessionárias de energia optam por podas drásticas, que podem comprometer a sanidade da árvore e estimular brotações epicórmicas que crescem rapidamente e vão de encontro com as fiações. Posto isso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a taxa de crescimento de brotações epicórmicas após poda executada pela Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz (CPFL) em indivíduos das espécies tipuana (Tipuana tipu (Benth.) Kuntze), ipê-roxo (Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell.) Mart.), e chapéu-de-sol (Terminalia catappa L.), na cidade de Piracicaba/SP e relacionar esta taxa com as características da árvore e do meio. Para isso, foi realizado levantamento em campo de variáveis como a espécie, diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), índice de área foliar (IAF), tipo de calçada, tipo de solo, fotos do canteiro e dos brotos ao lado de uma baliza para posterior medição digital, que teve sua confiabilidade testada e aprovada nesta pesquisa. A análise foi executada com todas as espécies juntas, para cada espécie, e por classe de DAP dentro de cada espécie. O índice de crescimento médio diário para a tipuana foi de 0,360 cm; para o ipê-roxo, 0,298 cm; e para chapéu-de-sol, 0,404 cm. Houve diferença significativa entre a taxa de crescimento da espécie chapéu-de-sol e ipê-roxo, indicando que a espécie e o grupo sucessional a qual pertencem influenciam no ritmo de crescimento. Não foi constatada influência do tipo de calçada e nem do tipo de solo. O IAF também não influenciou no crescimento, a não ser em ipês com DAP entre 50 e 60 cm. A dimensão do canteiro não influenciou o crescimento dos brotos de chapéu-de-sol, mas influenciou positivamente tanto as tipuanas com 60 a 70 cm de DAP, que foram as árvores com o maior ritmo de crescimento da espécie, como os ipês com DAP entre 30 e 40 cm que ainda estão vigorosos e suas raízes continuam explorando o solo. Os estudos com essa temática são poucos e fatores como clima, época de poda e histórico de manejo da área podem exercer influência na resposta da árvore à poda. Portanto, é sugerido maior tempo de estudo com os mesmos indivíduos e a inclusão de mais árvores. / The main function of the street trees, in the last 30 years, had been switched from aesthetic to the promotion of environmental services. However, this trees are submitted to a lot of stressful factors like limited growth aerea, air pollution, low water availability, compacted soil and drastic pruning. Aerial power networks distribution are the elements that most interfere with the management of street trees, because the conflict is usually already established and the energy concessionaires opt for drastic pruning, which can compromise tree sanity and stimulate epicormic shoots, that grows quickly toward the aerial networks. Therefore, the present study had the objective of determining the growth rate of epicormic shoots after it having been pruned by CPFL for the species Tipuana tipu (Benth.) Kuntze; Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell.) Mart.; and Terminalia catappa L. in the city of Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, and relate this rate to the tree and environment characteristics. For that, a field survey was made of variables such as the species, diameter at breast height (DBH), leaf area index (LAI), type of pavement, type of soil, and photos of the treebed and shoots next to a beacon for later digital measurement, which had its reliability tested and approved in this study. The analysis was performed with all species together, for each species separately, and by dbh class within each species. The average daily growth rate for Tipuana tipu was 0.360 cm; for Tabebuia heptaphylla was 0.298 cm; and for Terminalia catappa was 0.404 cm. There was a significant difference between the growth rate of Terminalia catappa and Tabebuia heptaphylla, indicating that the species and its successional group influence the growth rhythm. There was no influence of the type of sidewalk or of the type of soil in the growth rate. The LAI also did not influence any growth, just for Tabebuia Heptaphylla with DBH between 50 and 60 cm. The treebed area did not influenced the Terminalia catappa shoots growth, but it had influenced positively the Tipuana tipu with 60 to 70 cm of DBH, wich were the trees with the greater growth rate of the species, as much as the Tabebuia heptaphylla with DBH between 30 and 40 cm, which are at a fairly vigorous age and their roots continue to explore the soil. There are a few studies with this theme and factors such as climate, pruning season and area management history can influence tree response to pruning. Therefore, longer study time with the same individuals and more trees included is suggested.

A presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo compreender quais os efeitos que a transformação de um estádio brasileiro de futebol em uma arena multiuso, à luz das exigências da Federação Internacional de Futebol (FIFA), traz para as formas de torcer. Para tanto, foi realizada uma etnografia nos jogos da Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (SEP) disputados no Allianz Parque, inaugurado em 2014 após quatros anos de reforma no Estádio Palestra Itália, campo pertencente à Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (SEP), considerado um dos clubes de maior relevância no cenário futebolístico de São Paulo e do Brasil. Com base em meses de observações, pôde-se perceber um fluxo de práticas torcedoras entre o que acontece dentro e fora da arena. Isto porque a localização do Allianz Parque, na zona oeste paulistana, possibilita a criação de uma territorialidade palmeirense, onde equipamentos físicos, tais quais bares e sedes de torcidas organizadas, misturam-se a um código moral, regido pelo clubismo, nas ruas do entorno da arena. / This research sought to understand the effects that the transformation of a Brazilian football stadium into a multi-purpose arena, according to the demands of FIFA - International Federation of Association Football -, brought to the act of supporting a club. In order to do so, it presents an ethnography of the games played at the Allianz Parque. The arena was innaugurated in 2014, after four years of renewal work on the Palestra Itália Stadium, a field belonging to the Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (SEP), considered one of the most relevant football clubs in both São Paulo and Brazil. After months of observations, it was possible to notice a flow of practices of support between what happens inside and outside the arena. That happens because the place where the Allianz Parque is built, to the west of town, creates a \'Palmeiras territoriality\' in which physical equipment such as pubs and football firms headquarters mix themselves into a moral code guided by the club itself in the streets surrounding the arena.

O presente trabalho é uma sistematização da história da Associação de Apoio as Meninas e Meninos da Região Sé (AAMM) na luta em defesa dos direitos das crianças e dos adolescentes em situação de rua na cidade de São Paulo. No processo de sistematização das ações desenvolvidas por essa organização, foi possível refletir sobre as suas práticas e atuações, recuperando assim, de uma forma mais ordenada as experiências acumuladas nesses quinze anos de existência. Para isso, foi necessário recorrer às pessoas que fizeram parte dos diversos momentos da entidade, ouvir os seus relatos e memórias e, ao mesmo tempo, ter como fonte de informação os documentos e relatórios disponíveis nos arquivos da Associação. Além disso, realizamos entrevistas com adolescentes em situação de rua, durante atividades realizadas por essa instituição. Seus relatos valorizaram a sistematização do trabalho, na medida em que os adolescentes apresentaram os motivos que os levaram para as ruas, suas relações com seus familiares, quais suas expectativas com relação ao trabalho realizado pela AAMM. Portanto, os sujeitos reforçaram a necessidade de ainda se desenvolverem ações na defesa dos direitos das crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua, objetivo principal de luta em quinze anos de trabalho desenvolvido por essa organização. / This text is a systematization of the history of the Association of Support for Girls and Boys in the Sé Region (Associação de Apoio as Meninas e Meninos da Região Sé AAMM) in the struggle to defend the rights of children and adolescents who live or spend the majority of their time in the streets of the city of São Paulo. In the process of systematizing the actions developed by this organization, it was possible to reflect about its practices and activities and reclaim in a more organized way, these experiences accumulated in 15 years of existence. To make this happen, it was necessary to turn to people who were part of diverse moments in the organization, to hear their stories and memories; while at the same time use the documents and reports available in the files of the Association as a source of information. Along with this, we also had interviews with the adolescents who live on the streets during activities held by this institution. Their stories gave value to the systemization of the work, in the way that the adolescents shared the motives that took them to the streets, their relations with their families, and their expectations in relation to the work done by AAMM. In this manner, the subjects of this study reinforced the necessity of continued development of actions in defense of the rights of children and adolescents who live on the streets, which is the main objective of this organizations commitment.