Yes / BACKGROUND: There is considerable interest in the blood–tissue distribution of agrochemicals, and a number of researchershave developed experimental methods for in vitro distribution. These methods involve the determination of saline–blood andsaline–tissue partitions; not only are they indirect, but they do not yield the required in vivo distribution.RESULTS: The authors set out equations for gas–tissue and blood–tissue distribution, for partition from water into skin andfor permeation from water through human skin. Together with Abraham descriptors for the agrochemicals, these equationscan be used to predict values for all of these processes. The present predictions compare favourably with experimental in vivoblood–tissue distribution where available. The predictions require no more than simple arithmetic.CONCLUSIONS: The present method represents a much easier and much more economic way of estimating blood–tissuepartitions than the method that uses saline–blood and saline–tissue partitions. It has the added advantages of yielding therequired in vivo partitions and being easily extended to the prediction of partition of agrochemicals from water into skin andpermeation from water through skin.

Yes / The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method employing stationary phases immobilized with plasma proteins was used for this study to investigate the structural properties governing drug-plasma protein binding. A set of 65 compounds with a broad range of structural diversity (in terms of volume, hydrogen-bonding, polarity and electrostatic force) were selected for this purpose. The Abraham linear free energy relationship (LFER) analyses of the retention factors on the immobilized HSA (human serum albumin) and AGP (α1-acid glycoprotein) stationary phases showed that McGowan’s characteristic molecular volume (V), dipolarity/polarizability (S) and hydrogen bond basicity (B) are the three significant molecular descriptors of solutes determining the interaction with immobilized plasma proteins, whereas excess molar refraction (E) is less important and hydrogen bond acidity (A) is not of statistical significance in both systems, for electrically neutral compounds. It was shown that ionised acids, as carboxylate anions, bind very strongly to the immobilized HSA stationary phase and that ionised bases, as cations bind strongly to the AGP stationary phase. This is the first time that the effect of ionised species on plasma protein binding has been determined quantitatively; the increased binding of acids to HSA is due almost entirely to acids in their ionised form.

No / The aim of the present work is to evaluate the similarity between PDMS membranes and human skin in vitro in permeation study by linear free energy relationship (LFER) analyses. The values of the permeability coefficient log Kp (cm/s) under reliable experimental conditions were collected from the literature for a set of 94 compounds including both neutral and ionic species, which cover a broad range of structural diversity. The values of log Kp (cm/s) have been correlated with Abraham descriptors to yield an equation with R2 = 0.952 and SD = 0.38 log units. The established LFER model for log Kp (cm/s) across PDMS membranes showed no close analogy with that through human skin in vitro. A further critical analysis of the coefficients of the LFER models confirmed that the PDMS permeation system is a very poor model for human skin permeation.

Yes / We have used literature values for the solubility of vitamin K3 in organic solvents to obtain Abraham descriptorsfor vitamin K3. Although these descriptors themselves are not exceptional in any way, when combined withequations that we have already set out, they lead to the prediction of important properties of vitamin K3.These include the vapor pressure and heat of sublimation (necessary for the analysis of data on the concentrationof vitamin K3 in ambient air), and the partitions air-water, air-blood, air-lung, air-fat, air-skin, water-lipid, water-membrane, water-skin, as well as permeation from water through skin. Values of the partitions into biologicalphases are all quite large by comparison to those for organic compounds in general.

En la actualidad, la crónica goza de un prestigio particular debido a su manera de contarnos una historia. Esta fama se debe, en parte, al esfuerzo de un conjunto de periodistas estadounidenses de los años sesenta que rompieron los moldes impuestos por un discurso hegemónico que obró en detrimento de la innovación en la prensa. Agrupados bajo el rótulo de Nuevo Periodismo, estos cronistas adoptaron una postura estilística que incluía técnicas y recursos de la ficción para mejorar la calidad informativa de sus textos periodísticos. Cincuenta años antes, en el Perú, un joven periodista se había adelantado a estos cronistas: Abraham Valdelomar. Entre 1915 a 1917, el escritor nacional publicó crónicas en donde conjuga el periodismo y la literatura –al igual que lo hicieron los reporteros estadounidenses– con el fin de distinguirse de las convenciones de la prensa diaria. Esta tesis tiene como objetivo principal reconstruir el sentido de las crónicas de Abraham Valdelomar, a partir de los procedimientos de la novela realista, y demostrar cómo y con qué propósito aplicó estas técnicas en sus crónicas. La tesis se divide en cuatro capítulos que nos ayudarán a entender por qué aplicó estos artilugios de la ficción en sus textos periodísticos.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-07-25T11:56:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Rosa da Silva.pdf: 2428303 bytes, checksum: 68e4ef8be1e9d885b29ec5063afccdba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T11:56:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Rosa da Silva.pdf: 2428303 bytes, checksum: 68e4ef8be1e9d885b29ec5063afccdba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / The objective of this research is to verify, among the traditions related to the treaties and manuals, the pathway of a French treatrise on tecniques of engraving, until Portuguese translation. It will be investigated the relevance of this work translated into Portuguese with the title Tratado da Gravura à Água-Forte e a Buril e em Maneira Negra com o modo de construir as Prensas Modernas e de Imprimir em Talho-Doce (Treatise of Engraving, Etching, and Mezzotint with the way of building the Modern Presses and Printing Copper Plates), by Priest José Joaquim Viegas Menezes and published in 1801 in the Arco do Cego’s Typography, Lisbon. The hypothesis that the Portuguese version is based on De la Manière de Graver à L'eau Forte et au Burin, a treatise on French engraving amplified by Charles Nicolas Cochin and edited in the year 1758, guided this study. This research involved a comparison of Abraham Bosse's original treatise of 1645 with the three subsequent French editions, 1701, 1745, 1758, and the edition produced in Portugal in 1801. The changes and updates in relation to the content and the images were analyzed, verifying that the Portuguese edition of 1801 presents few changes in relation to the French text of 1758 / O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar dentre as tradições relacionadas aos tratados e manuais, o percurso de uma publicação francesa sobre as práticas artesanais da gravura em metal, até sua tradução realizada. Será investigada a relevância dessa obra traduzida para o português com o título, Tratado da Gravura à Água-Forte e a Buril e em Maneira Negra com o modo de construir as Prensas Modernas e de Imprimir em Talho-Doce, pelo Padre José Joaquim Viegas Menezes e publicada em 1801 na Tipografia do Arco do Cego. A hipótese de que a versão portuguesa, se baseia no De la Manière de Graver à L'eau Forte et au Burin, tratado da gravura francês ampliado por Charles Nicolas Cochin e editado no ano de 1758, guiou este estudo. O caminho desta pesquisa envolveu a comparação do tratado original de Abraham Bosse de 1645, com as três edições francesas subsequentes, 1701, 1745, 1758 e a edição produzida em Portugal em 1801. Foram analisadas as mudanças e atualizações em relação ao conteúdo e às imagens, verificando-se que a edição portuguesa de 1801 apresenta poucas alterações em relação ao texto francês de 1758

Les philosophes juifs du Moyen Âge emploient des stratégies d’écriture ésotériques pour traiter certains problèmes d’importance capitale. L’opposition de la « thèse religieuse » de la création du monde et de la « thèse philosophique » de son éternité en est l’exemple type. Ces « arts d’écrire » ont été généralement considérés, depuis les travaux de Leo Strauss, comme des moyens de dissimuler une opinion hétérodoxe, en vue de se prémunir contre la persécution politique. Nous nous engageons à comprendre cet « ésotérisme », non pas comme un stratagème politique, mais comme la conséquence proprement philosophique d’une difficulté intrinsèque à certains problèmes qui mettent en défaut les capacités expressives du langage, comme en l’occurrence la tentative d’énoncer l’origine radicale de toute chose. À partir de cette hypothèse, nous abordons le traitement de la création du monde chez des philosophes juifs actifs entre le Xe et le XVe siècles, qui soutiennent chacun une thèse différente sur la question (Saadia Gaon, Abraham Ibn Ezra, Maïmonide, Isaac Albalag, Gersonide et Ḥasday Crescas). Nous montrons comment la perspective doxographique, visant à identifier la « véritable thèse » de chaque auteur, n’est pas appropriée eu égard à de tels écrits ésotériques et nous efforçons de mettre en lumière, à travers eux, un style original du philosopher qui s’invente dans le moment médiéval de la rencontre de la philosophie et de la « révélation ». / The Medieval Jewish philosophers used esoteric writing strategies in order to deal with matters of critical importance. The opposition between the « religious theory » of the creation of the world and the « philosophical theory » of its eternity constitues one of the most typical example of such subjects. Since Leo Strauss’ works, these « arts of writing » have been generally considered as means of hiding heterodox opinions, used by the philosophers in order to avoid political persecution. We try to show that this esotericism does not stem from mere political calculation, but from intrinsically philosophical considerations : the limitation of langage itself, that fails to express certain issues, such as the radical origin of all things. From this starting point, we discuss the views and writing strategies of diverse Jewish philosophers, active between the 10th and the 15th centuries, each of whom held a different theory on creation (Saadia Gaon, Abraham Ibn Ezra, Maimonides, Isaac Albalag, Gersonides and Ḥasday Crescas). We argue that the doxographic perspective, aiming at identifying each author’s « real view », is not appropriate when dealing which such esoteric writings, which we propose to envisage as the manifestation of a specific philosophical style, emerging in the Medieval period from the confrontation between philosophy and « revelation ».

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Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal