The central idea of this study is an examination of the transformation of the image of the poet in different generations. My thesis problem is that the poet is dynamic, reflecting both the self-image and reception of society at different times. I collected data from many different sources- the primary sources were memoirs, poetry, short stories, novels and original documents from the Canadian Jewish Congress Archives and by speaking with historians about A.M. Klein, Irving Layton and Leonard Cohen. The secondary sources used were scholarly books about the poets articles from the Canadian Jewish press and documentaries. I used literary analysis for the poetry and I took a social-historical approach in the examination of the poets' relationship to the community and biography. The social historical approach and the literary approach were both used in this study to analyze the succession of Canadian Jewish poets. As an original contribution to the field, this study categorizes the three poets in a succession: Klein is the Jewish poet, Layton is the Canadian Jewish poet and Cohen is the spiritual guru, all reflecting the changing situation for Canadian Jews. I examine the first generation poet in this succession of gifted Canadian Jewish poets, A.M. Klein, the second generation, Irving Layton and the third generation poet, Leonard Cohen. Specifically, I argue that the roles and the reception to these poets have changed in the Jewish press as a result of changing times. As the years progress and the situation for worldwide Jewry becomes more stable with greater tolerance in a multicultural society, the poet moves away from the identification as a Jewish poet. In Klein's generation he is labeled as a Jewish poet. Layton fights the label of a Jewish poet and through controversy and celebrity he is recognized as a Canadian Jewish poet. Leonard Cohen re-defines the category of a Canadian Jewish poet in favor of a spiritual guru. This study provides an overview of the times and the issues that each poet faced in their generation. The first part of each chapter is devoted to a brief biography and an exploration of the way the Jewish community responded to the poets in terms of roles that they wanted them to undertake and the own reception to the poets in the local Jewish press. It is interesting that each poet served a different function in different generations as a response to the needs of the community. The second section of each chapter is an examination of the poets' self-image as depicted in their writing. All of the poets viewed themselves in the same manner, as spokesmen, controversial figures and as modern poets similar to ancient biblical figures. This section includes the ways the poets viewed their relationship with the community and their relationship to Judaism as a way of shaping their self-perception.

The purpose of this study was to analyze and assess the attitude of Lincoln and Congress toward emancipation of slaves during the Civil War.Hypotheses1. Abraham Lincoln, as the sixteenth President of the United States, was determined to preserve the Union and to preserve slavery where it existed.2. The Thirty-Seventh Congress of the United States was determined to preserve the Union and to preserve slavery where it existed.3. Lincoln showed enthusiasm toward emancipation of slaves.4. Lincoln was sensitive to the needs and desires of freed slaves.5. The Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves.Historical FindingsThe five historical hypotheses evaluated in this study reveal significant information and they are explained below:1. Abraham Lincoln, as the sixteenth President of the United States, was determined to save the Union. Therefore, the hypothesis that Abraham Lincoln, as the sixteenth President of the United States, was determined to abolish slavery is historically rejected.2. The Thirty-Seventh Congress of the United States was determined to save the Union. Therefore, the hypothesis that the Thirty-Seventh Congress of the United States was determined to abolish slavery is historically rejected.3. Lincoln showed enthusiasm toward gradual emancipation of slaves with compensation. Therefore, the hypothesis that Lincoln showed enthusiasm toward outright emancipation of slaves is historically rejected. 4. Lincoln was not sensitive to the needs and desires of Negroes, because this concern was overshadowed by his immediate desires to retain the Union. Therefore, the hypothesis that Lincoln was sensitive to the needs and desires of Negroes is historically rejected.5. The Emancipation Proclamation did not free slaves because of the following three reasons:(1) the Emancipation Proclamation applied to slaves in areas still under the control of the Confederacy; (2) the limitations of the Emancipation Proclamation made it a paper tiger; (3) the Emancipation Proclamation applied to slaves located where it had no power to execute its provisions.

This dissertation is an attempt to portray the revolutionary character of the American Civil War through a comparative methodology utilizing the French Revolution as both point of influence and as a parallel example. Within this novel context, subtle trends in the ideological development of the Republican Party's Radical wing undertake new meaning and an alternative revolutionary heritage takes shape around an idealization of the universalism of the French and Haitian Revolutions of the 1790s. The work argues that through a diffusion of ideas and knowledge of events from the streets of Paris into the fields of Haiti and onto the shores of the American coast, a small faction of militant abolitionists latched onto the ideal of the Haitian Revolution as their own legacy. By the late 1830s, this radical edge of the antislavery movement embarked onto two courses, both derived from and influenced by their newfound ideology. The first was towards violent direct action against slavery while the second aimed at legitimizing radical new legal theories and creating the political structure necessary to bring about their enforcement. While on the one hand John Brown and Gerrit Smith pursued militant action, on the other Alvan Stewart and Salmon P. Chase sought a political and legal redefinition of American society through the Liberty and eventually Republican parties. With the coming of war in the 1860s, these two trends, violence and radical politics, converged in the Union war effort. In the midst of the Civil War and the early fight for Reconstruction, Radical Republicans and their allies in the Union Army displayed themselves as American Jacobins. Through a set of comparisons with French Revolutionary events and political debates, this thesis argues that the result of the ideological development between the American Revolution and the Civil War Era in the United States was the creation of a revolutionary ideology parallel to that of French Jacobinism. By the time of their fall from power, the Radical Republicans had seen their ideals both lambasted as the radical edge of politics and then transformed into the status quo, helping to prepare the nation for modernity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-09-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:31:57Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 caire_e_me_rcla.pdf: 1389119 bytes, checksum: ea2e9b574c106bff7f9cf806fe23534b (MD5) / Esta investigação tem como objetivo a história da origem da curva normal identificando a contribuição de Abraham de Moivre na dedução da fórmula para a função densidade de distribuição normal. Serão analisados trechos de obras originais de Abraham de Moivre, Jacob Bernoulli, James Stirling / This research aims at the history of the origin of the normal curve identifying the contribution of Abraham de Moivre in deducing the formula for the density function of normal distribution. Parts of original works of Abraham de Moivre, Jacob Bernoulli, James Stirling will be analysed

The central idea of this study is an examination of the transformation of the image of the poet in different generations. My thesis problem is that the poet is dynamic, reflecting both the self-image and reception of society at different times. I collected data from many different sources- the primary sources were memoirs, poetry, short stories, novels and original documents from the Canadian Jewish Congress Archives and by speaking with historians about A.M. Klein, Irving Layton and Leonard Cohen. The secondary sources used were scholarly books about the poets articles from the Canadian Jewish press and documentaries. I used literary analysis for the poetry and I took a social-historical approach in the examination of the poets' relationship to the community and biography. The social historical approach and the literary approach were both used in this study to analyze the succession of Canadian Jewish poets. As an original contribution to the field, this study categorizes the three poets in a succession: Klein is the Jewish poet, Layton is the Canadian Jewish poet and Cohen is the spiritual guru, all reflecting the changing situation for Canadian Jews. I examine the first generation poet in this succession of gifted Canadian Jewish poets, A.M. Klein, the second generation, Irving Layton and the third generation poet, Leonard Cohen. Specifically, I argue that the roles and the reception to these poets have changed in the Jewish press as a result of changing times. As the years progress and the situation for worldwide Jewry becomes more stable with greater tolerance in a multicultural society, the poet moves away from the identification as a Jewish poet. In Klein's generation he is labeled as a Jewish poet. Layton fights the label of a Jewish poet and through controversy and celebrity he is recognized as a Canadian Jewish poet. Leonard Cohen re-defines the category of a Canadian Jewish poet in favor of a spiritual guru. This study provides an overview of the times and the issues that each poet faced in their generation. The first part of each chapter is devoted to a brief biography and an exploration of the way the Jewish community responded to the poets in terms of roles that they wanted them to undertake and the own reception to the poets in the local Jewish press. It is interesting that each poet served a different function in different generations as a response to the needs of the community. The second section of each chapter is an examination of the poets' self-image as depicted in their writing. All of the poets viewed themselves in the same manner, as spokesmen, controversial figures and as modern poets similar to ancient biblical figures. This section includes the ways the poets viewed their relationship with the community and their relationship to Judaism as a way of shaping their self-perception. / Arts, Faculty of / Classical, Near Eastern and Religious Studies, Department of / Graduate

Experimental mole fraction solubilities of several carboxylic acids (2-methoxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxybenzoic acid, 4-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid,2-methylbenzoic acid and ibuprofen) and 9-fluorenone, thianthrene and xanthene were measured in a wide range of solvents of varying polarity and hydrogen-bonding characteristics. Results of these measurements were used to calculate gas-to-organic solvent and water-to-organic solvent solubility ratios, which were then substituted into known Abraham process partitioning correlations. The molecular solute descriptors that were obtained as the result of these computations described the measured solubility data to within an average absolute deviation of 0.2 log units. The calculated solute descriptors also enable one to estimate many chemically, biologically and pharmaceutically important properties for the ten solutes studied using published mathematical correlations.

Experimental data for the logarithm of the gas-to-ionic liquid partition coefficient (log K) have been compiled from the published literature for over 40 ionic liquids over a wide temperature range. Temperature independent correlations based on the Gibbs free energy equation utilizing known Abraham solvation model parameters have been derived for the prediction of log K for 12 ionic liquids to within a standard deviation of 0.114 log units over a temperature range of over 60 K. Temperature independent log K correlations have also been derived from correlations of molar enthalpies of solvation and molar entropies of solvation, each within standard deviations of 4.044 kJ mol-1 and 5.338 J mol-1 K-1, respectively. In addition, molar enthalpies of solvation and molar entropies of solvation can be predicted from the Abraham coefficients in the temperature independent log K correlations to within similar standard deviations. Temperature independent, ion specific coefficients have been determined for 26 cations and 15 anions for the prediction of log K over a temperature range of at least 60 K to within a standard deviation of 0.159 log units.

Uppsatsens syfte var att undersöka området personlig utveckling samt personlig avveckling utifrån Sri Nisargadatta Maharajs lära och Abraham Maslows idéer. Frågeställningarna på området var: Är personlig utveckling och personlig avveckling motsatta eller identiska företeelser? Vilka likheter och skillnader finns hos Maharaj och hos Maslow? Vad har språket och dess användning för roll vid en jämförelse av dessa personers texter? De avgränsningar som gjordes för att undersöka området var att välja rörelserna humanistisk psykologi och advaita vedanta eftersom de upplevdes representera detta område på ett centralt sätt. Vidare avgränsades undersökningens metodval till diskursanalys med fokus på hur självförverkligande framställs diskursivt hos Abraham Maslow och Sri Nisargadatta Maharaj. Metoden var diskursanalys med stöd av metodboken Diskursanalys, och materialet koncentrerades till att omfatta Sri Nisargadatta Maharajs verk I am that: talks with Sri Nisargadatta Maharaj samt Abraham Maslows två verk Motivation and personality samt Toward a psychology of being. Den teori som anlades var fenomenologiskt perspektiv. Undersökningen visade att personliga omständigheter, tradition, olika perspektiv men även språkanvändning kan påverka hur man ser på och talar om kategorierna personlig utveckling respektive personlig avveckling. Slutsatsen efter undersökningen är att oavsett vilka termer man använder kommer både personlig utveckling och personlig avveckling vara aktuellt överallt där de grundläggande behoven för människan är tryggade: hur är upp till henne själv.

The subject of this thesis is the Imperial Presidency. Arthur Schlesinger is the author of this term in the realm of Political Science. His book was a reaction to the gradual accretion of political power in the office of the President of the United States. Imperial Presidency is described by variables: a) The President overreaches his powers given to him by the Constitution of the USA; b) The President is not limited by other branches of power. The theories behind this thesis are called the unilateral action theory and the unitary presidency theory. After designating variables in the thesis we should be able to answer the question: "What kind of political behaviour describes imperial presidency?"

Ce travail tente d’examiner, à la lumière de l'analyse littéraire, les récits narratifs présents dans le Coran et de suivre les transformations que ces récits ont subi en passant de la tradition biblique à la tradition islamique. Il tente aussi de chercher la raison d’être de ces récits dans une expression non pas historique mais bien métaphorique. Dans cette optique, il est difficile d'articuler ensemble révélation divine et expérience humaine voilà pourquoi nous avons d’abord étudié le rapport entre Histoire et expression littéraire dans les récits Coraniques. Nous aborderons tour à tour la question de la Révélation du point de vue de la prophétie, le passage fragmentaire de la Parole à l’écrit et la naissance du texte avant de passer à l’analyse strictement littéraire et le fonctionnement des récits dans l’ensemble scripturaire. Nous nous appuierons sur le récit particulier d’Abraham pour conforter notre idée d’une lecture constellaire des récits dans le Coran. / This work attempts to examine, in the light of literary analysis, the narratives present in the Quran and to follow the transformations that these stories have undergone in passing from the biblical tradition to the Islamic tradition. It also tries to seek the nature of these stories as an expression that is not historical but rather metaphorical. In this perspective, it is difficult to articulate divine Revelation and human experience together, which is why we first studied the relationship between History and literary expression in Quranic stories. We will address in turn the question of Revelation from the point of view of prophecy, the fragmentary passage from God’s Word to human writing and the birth of the text before moving on to a strictly literary analysis and the functioning of stories throughout the scripture as a whole. We will rely on the particular story of Abraham to reinforce our idea of a constellational reading of the stories in the Quran.