This thesis brings together six works published between 2003 and 2007 which consider public involvement in environmental matters. The later works focus on access to justice, one of three elements of public involvement. The works support the thesis that aspects of public involvement and, in particular access to justice in environmental matters, remain elusive for many individuals and groups in society; something that is inconsistent with both domestic and international law. They include analysis of why the need for participation arises and how it should be secured. By publishing primary research and new commentary the publications identify the gaps in the provision of public involvement in environmental matters and offer options for change. They have also informed further research and debate. The publications are brought together in this submission in chronological order, which illustrates how the hypothesis develops. The works are critically appraised in an introductory chapter. Public involvement is first discussed in The Prestige oil disaster, another example of the West living beyond its means (Environmental Law & Management 15[2003]1 16 (Jan 2003). LawText Publishing, Banbury, UK) and sets the backdrop for the later works. It highlights some of the key environmental problems of our time including, for instance, that environmental protection remains subservient to the pursuit economic development. Getting to the real EIA (Journal of Environmental Law, (2003) Vol 15, No. 2, p. 141 Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK) considers the role of public involvement in major land use development decision making by analysing one of the key participatory areas of public involvement; environmental impact assessment (EIA). EIA places emphasis on access to information and public participation in helping to prevent rather than alleviate adverse socio-environmental impacts. It is argued in Getting to the real F£IA that for the major development projects requiring EIA, public participation is nominal in nature and that, often, IS entirely absent. While Getting to the real EIA considers information and participation, access to justice is the focus of the third work; Civil law aspects of environmental justice ((2003) Environmental Law Foundation, London, UK). The work is based upon primary research which was necessary once it became evident that there was little, if any, data on how effective the judicial system is in securing access to environmental justice. The search conclusions were critical of the present judicial system highlighting that, in practice, a legal remedy was often unavailable to individuals and communities in challenging environmental decisions and resolving environmental problems; the most significant barrier being prohibitive expense. This was to such an extent that the UK Government was not meeting its international obligations. The failure to provide effective access to the courts as highlighted in Civil law aspects prompted the publication of the later work; The cost of doing the rights thing (Environmental Law & Management 16[2004]2 p. 59 (Mar 2004). LawText Publishing, Banbury, UK) which reviews the problems of access to environmental justice and then proposes innovative ways of starting to resolve those inherent in the legal justice system, including liability for an opponent's costs' if any legal challenge is ultimately unsuccessful. As the arguments surrounding funding constraints on access to justice were crystallising, the need to produce a substantive text clarifying the environmental rights and responsibilities of all interested parties became clear. This prompted the publication of A Practical Approach to Environmental Law ((2005). OUP, Oxford, UK) which is, in the main, a practitioner's text. However, the text also seeks to explain and raise awareness of the environmental rights that are available in the UK and the notion that public involvement in environmental decision-making has a central role. For instance, Chapter .2 Environmental rights and principles which is incorporated into this submission, outlines the main aspects of information, participation and access to justice and explains their relevant judicial and governmental application. While A Practical Approach to Environmental Law is novel in its comprehensive approach, its primary purpose is to inform readers, in an objective way, of the present legal position. Its inclusion in this submission is to illustrate how the arguments raised in the earlier publications have been presented to a wide audience. The final published work, ‘Current concerns in environmental decision making’ (Journal of Environment and Planning Law [2007] p. 536 Sweet & Maxwell, London, UK), places the argument of limitations of access to justice alongside the parallel and associated problems of an unwilling public protector and a conservative judiciary. It revisits the need for public participation in environmental matters by highlighting the reluctance of public bodies and the courts to take the issue of environmental justice seriously. It also argues that recent efforts in access to justice are largely superficial and that fundamental change remains necessary. The final paper was presented at the University of Kent, Critical Lawyer's Conference on 24 February 2007. The submitted works follow a distinct .theme by exploring the application of public involvement in environmental matters highlighting what is the main criticism of the public participatory provision in the UK the provision of access to the courts without prohibitive expense. The works have also been directly related to practical experience and work in seeking to improve the position. In drawing the published works together in one volume it has been helpful to outline some of the underlying issues relating to public involvement including what is meant by public participation, any levels and limitations to the rights now said to be conferred. This analysis has been provided in an expanded introduction which also includes a' critical appraisal of the main published works. Paul Stookes 22nd April 2008

This diploma thesis deals with access to environmental information and access to justice in environmental matters introduced by Aarhus Convention in the specific conditions of Czech Republic and Ireland. These rights are considered to be very important tools for environmental protection. At a time when people threaten their own existence by negative interference with the environment it is necessary that effective means for its protection exist. These means are access to environmental information and access to justice in environmental matters, which together can be called as environmental procedural rights. The first chapter of this thesis presents the sources of environmental procedural law and observes the development of law at international, European and national level. The most important international document in this field is the Aarhus Convention that was adopted in 1998 by most of the European countries and that provides for access to environmental information, access to justice and public participation in environmental decision-making. This convention has largely affected the law of the European Union, where several directives has been adopted, including most importantly the Directive 2003/4/EC on access to environmental information and the Directive 2003/35/EC on public participation in...

O mundo atual vive em um contínuo processo de transformação e difusão de informações, sendo que o processo de construção do saber e compartilhamento de experiências não são mais encontrados apenas em manuais escritos, acessíveis apenas a privilegiados. O poder público não pode ficar inerte ao uso da informação como ferramenta para o exercício de sua função. Dentro de um cenário de alta litigiosidade e estabelecimento de metas para julgamento de demandas, a informação e profusão de conhecimentos práticos são essenciais para a elevação da posição do Tribunal de Justiça do Tocantins no cenário nacional, com a consequente materialização do acesso à justiça como um direito humano, fato este onde repousou a justificativa da pesquisa. Buscou-se responder, então, se é possível que a criação desse banco de divulgação de boas práticas é capaz de auxiliar no combate à intempestividade da justiça e a realização de direitos humanos. Procurouse demonstrar que a divulgação de informações e de boas práticas contribuem para a razoável duração do processo e para a eficiência da prestação jurisdicional, de forma a propor a criação de um banco de divulgação de boas práticas. Especificamente, objetivou-se: mostrar que a demora na prestação jurisdicional afeta a dignidade da pessoa humana; demonstrar como a publicidade interna e a divulgação de boas práticas são importantes para a melhoria da prestação jurisdicional local; propor a criação de um banco de divulgação de boas práticas, como forma de promover a efetividade da prestação jurisdicional; e auxiliar o Tribunal de Justiça do Tocantins na realização de sua visão e missão de garantir a cidadania por meio da distribuição de uma justiça célere e de ser reconhecido por sua modernidade, celeridade e eficácia. Para tanto, o trabalho partiu de uma abordagem dedutiva, seguindo dos aspectos gerais do tema até se chegar à proposta de criação do banco de divulgação de boas práticas. Os dados foram analisados de forma qualitativa, por meio do método bibliográfico ou documental, embasando-se em materiais escritos como pesquisas científicas, julgados, textos de lei etc. Restou demonstrado que, através soluções administrativas é possível uma melhora no serviço judicial com o compartilhamento e publicidade de informações de soluções internas encontradas no exercício da jurisdição. Concluiu-se, finalmente, que a criação de um banco de divulgação de boas práticas não traz ônus financeiros ao Tribunal de Justiça do Tocantins e tem se constitui com meio adequado para contribuir na melhoria na prestação jurisdicional e materialização do direito humano de acesso à justiça. / Today’s world lives in a continuous process of transformation and information diffusion, and the processes of building knowledge and sharing experiences are no longer found only in written manuals, accessible only to the privileged. The Public Power cannot remain indifferent to the use of information as a tool for exercising its functions. In a scenario of strong litigiousness and setting of goals for the judgment of demands, information and profusion of practical knowledge are essential to elevate the position of the Court of Justice of Tocantins in the national scope, with the consequent materialization of access to justice as a human right, fact on which lies the reason for this research. It was attempted, therefore, to answer the question of whether it is possible that the creation of a databank for the dissemination of good practices helps combat untimeliness of justice and favors the fulfillment of human rights. It was aimed to demonstrate that the dissemination of information and good practices contributes to the achievement of a reasonable case length and to the efficiency of jurisdictional provision, in such a way as to propone the creation of a databank for the diffusion of good practices. Specifically, the objective was to show that the delay in jurisdictional provision affects the dignity of the human individual; to demonstrate how internal publicity and the dissemination of good practices are important to improve local jurisdictional provision; to propound the creation of a databank to disseminate good practices, as a means of promoting the effectiveness of jurisdictional provision; and to assist the Court of Justice of Tocantins in the fulfillment of its vision and mission of guaranteeing citizenship through the provision of prompt justice and of being recognized for its modernity, celerity and effectiveness. To do so, this work started from a deductive approach, following the general aspects of the theme until it reached the proposition of creating the databank to disseminate good practices. The data were analyzed in a qualitative way, through the bibliographic or documentary method, based on written materials, such as scientific researches, judgments, law texts, etc. It has been demonstrated that, through administrative solutions, it is possible to improve jurisdictional provision by sharing and propagating information of internal solutions found in the exercise of jurisdiction. Finally, it was concluded that the creation of a databank for the dissemination of good practices does not impose financial burdens on the Court of Justice of Tocantins and that it constitutes an adequate means to contribute to the improvement of jurisdictional provision and materialization of the human right of access to justice.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:47:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TATIANE ALVES MACEDO.pdf: 1701645 bytes, checksum: f5357114c5db893c4c3cec651ba9a5a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-10 / Over the years to the present time, there was an expansion in the occupation of new constitutional spaces from the Rights Guarantee System, primarily from the enactment of the Federal Constitution of 1988 that beckons the effectiveness of law, necessary for the realization of the access to justice. A space, par excellence, of affirmation and assurance of human rights refers to the Legal Practice Centers (LPC), linked to universities and other higher education institutions that with the complexity of social life and the daily violation of rights, has it has been called to meet the most diverse demands, requiring the contribution of other areas of knowledge, as well as the area of law. From this, the present work aims to investigate the contribution of the Legal Practice Center of Centro Universitário de Mineiros (UNIFIMES) in concretion access to justice from the perspective of social justice. The paper is organized into three chapters: the first addresses the issue of access to justice in an enlarged conception, revising its process of historical construction in the world and Brazilian context beholding of intertwined and organically, affirmation and guarantee of rights; the second chapter deals with the different models and structuring of legal aid services for the poor, analyzing each of the models adopted in Brazil; the third and final chapter addresses the formation and functioning of the Legal Practice Centers, dedicating itself also to the presentation and discussion of the data seized in the investigation process. The approach method is dialectical. The expected result is found, pointing out the problems and it was concluded that in the absence of the Public Defender in the county of Mineiros and inexpressive activities of the Order of Lawyers of Brazil (OAB) bono bro title and - or through State consideration, the Legal Practice Center of UNIFIMES meet the significant demand economically vulnerable, contributing substantially in breaking barriers to access to justice in the municipalities of Mineiros, Portelândia and Santa Rita do Araguaia. The provision of legal assistance to people with low economic income contributes to the formation of the student, as well as providing mutual integration between University and community. It is a way to promote social emancipation, citizenship effectiveness of human rights. / Ao longo dos anos até o momento presente, houve uma expansão na ocupação de novos espaços constituidores do Sistema de Garantia de Direitos, principalmente a partir da promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988 que acena para a efetivação do Direito, necessário à materialização do acesso à Justiça. Um espaço, por excelência, de afirmação e garantia de Direitos Humanos se refere aos Núcleos de Prática Jurídica (NPJ), vinculados às Universidades e demais Instituições de Ensino Superior que, com a complexificação da vida social e com a cotidiana violação de direitos, tem sido chamado a responder às mais diversas demandas, requisitando a contribuição de outras áreas do conhecimento, além da área do Direito. A partir disso, a presente dissertação se propõe a investigar a contribuição do Núcleo de Prática Jurídica do Centro Universitário de Mineiros (UNIFIMES) na concreção do acesso à justiça, na perspectiva da Justiça Social. O trabalho está organizado em três capítulos: o primeiro aborda a temática do acesso à justiça em uma concepção ampliada, revisando seu processo de construção histórica no contexto mundial e brasileiro, contemplando, de forma imbricada e orgânica, a afirmação e a garantia de direitos; o segundo capítulo trata dos diferentes modelos e estruturação dos serviços de assistência jurídica para os pobres, analisando cada um dos modelos adotados no Brasil; o terceiro e último capítulo aborda a formação e funcionamento dos Núcleos de Prática Jurídica, dedicando-se, ainda, à apresentação e discussão dos dados apreendidos no processo de investigação. O método utilizado na abordagem é dialético. Encontrou-se o resultado esperado, apontando os problemas e concluiu-se que na ausência de Defensoria Pública na Comarca de Mineiros e da inexpressiva atuação da Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil (OAB) a título bro bono e-ou por meio de contraprestação do Estado, o Núcleo de Prática Jurídica da UNIFIMES atende a significativa demanda economicamente vulnerável, contribuindo substancialmente no rompimento das barreiras ao acesso à justiça nos Municípios de Mineiros, Portelândia e Santa Rita do Araguaia. A prestação de assistência jurídica a pessoas com baixos rendimentos econômicos contribui para a formação do estudante, além de propiciar a integração recíproca entre Universidade e Comunidade. Representa uma forma de promover a emancipação social, cidadania a efetividade dos direitos humanos.

Submitted by Marlene Aparecida de Souza Cardozo (mcardozo@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-24T13:38:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sérgio Pereira Braga.pdf: 1295129 bytes, checksum: 2795fa6a6a71d9866a02e87b25787681 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-24T13:38:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sérgio Pereira Braga.pdf: 1295129 bytes, checksum: 2795fa6a6a71d9866a02e87b25787681 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aims to identify alternatives that may contribute to reduce the slowness in the Judiciary. It is assumed that if everyone has access to quality and citizen education, several issues, that are now growing in volume and increasing the congestion in the Judiciary, could be settled in systems other than judicial. Therefore, this thesis begins with the history of citizenship, since the outbreak of its first traces in the Greek polis to the present day, including the achievements and setbacks in this historic route. Then, it presents the Brazilian people formation, from the Portuguese colonization, emphasizing characteristic traits of our society, especially flexible or relative ethics; the "Brazilian way", and the principle of duality. Later, the causes of slow pace of justice and their overlaps will be described, as well as the effects of the delay according to the fundamental guarantee of reasonable duration of the process and the challenges to its effectiveness. Finally, from the analysis of social and familiar relationship disintegration, effects of postmodernity, the citizen education is presented as a remedy for the proceedings backlog. People who are well-educated in schools and as citizens may help to reduce the complex issue of slowness in the Judiciary. Besides, they may claim their rights and fulfill their duties. In this particular aspect, the key role of higher education institutions revives, especially the bachelor's degree programs in Law, which can and should be the leaders and propagators of such civic education. The research is conducted by the inductive method and the research technique applied was bibliographic / O presente estudo tem por objetivo apontar alternativas que possam contribuir para a redução da morosidade do Poder Judiciário. Parte-se do pressuposto que se todos tiverem acesso à educação de qualidade e cidadã, muitas das questões que hoje se avolumam no Poder Judiciário, aumentando o congestionamento da justiça, poderão ser solucionadas em outras instâncias que não a judiciária. Para tanto, inicia-se a presente tese com a história da cidadania, desde o surgimento de seus primeiros traços na polis Grega até os dias atuais, verificando-se as conquistas e os retrocessos havidos nesse percurso histórico. Em seguida, apresenta-se a formação do povo brasileiro, a partir da colonização portuguesa, com destaque para traços característicos de nossa sociedade, em especial a ética flexível ou relativa, o “jeitinho” brasileiro e a dualidade de caráter. Mais adiante, descreveremos as causas da morosidade da justiça e suas imbricações, bem como os efeitos dessa demora em face da garantia fundamental da duração razoável do processo, bem como os desafios colocados à sua efetivação. Finalmente, a partir da análise do esfacelamento das relações sociais e familiares, circunstância essa característica da pós-modernidade, apresenta-se a formação escolar cidadã, como um remédio para o problema do acúmulo de processos. Pessoas educadas, com boa formação escolar e cidadãs, além de reivindicarem seus direitos e cumprirem seus deveres, podem contribuir para a redução da complexa questão da morosidade da Poder Judiciário. Nesse particular aspecto, ressurge o papel fundamental das instituições de ensino superior, em especial, dos cursos de bacharelado em direito, que podem e devem ser os formadores e propagadores da formação cidadã. A pesquisa realizada serviu-se do método indutivo e a técnica de pesquisa utilizada foi a bibliográfica

Na década de setenta, partindo do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, o movimento da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira inaugurou uma nova ordem nas políticas de saúde mental, passando a considerar as pessoas com transtornos mentais como sujeito de direitos que devem ser integrados à sociedade. Pautada, também, no princípio da dignidade, a Defensoria Pública é prevista na Constituição (1988) e, no estado de São Paulo, sua implantação (2006) contou com participação popular na luta por sua criação. Em seu anteprojeto, incluía a previsão de atendimento interdisciplinar, que irá se viabilizar com a implantação do Centro de Atendimento Multidisciplinar (2010). Trata-se de uma proposta inovadora no sistema de Justiça e que objetiva ampliar o acesso à justiça, auxiliando na efetivação da garantia de assistência jurídica integral e gratuita àqueles considerados como hipossuficientes. Pela coerência dos princípios, a Defensoria Pública apresenta-se como alternativa institucional na luta pela efetivação dos direitos de pessoas com sofrimento ou portadoras de transtornos mentais e das políticas públicas de saúde mental. O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar como está se caracterizando o acesso à justiça para a demanda de saúde mental na Defensoria Pública do Estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados por: (i) observação direta; (ii) análise de normas institucionais; (iii) entrevistas não estruturadas; (iv) entrevistas semiestruturas. Foram realizadas: (i) sete entrevistas não estruturadas (seis com representantes da Defensoria e um representante de movimento social); (ii) dez entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais do Centro de Atendimento Multidisciplinar; (iii) sete entrevistas com usuários do serviço; (iv) entrevistas semiestruturadas não presenciais com trinta e oito profissionais atuantes no Centro de Atendimento Multidisciplinar das regionais de todo o estado. O estudo foi realizado em três etapas: (i) análise documental e entrevistas exploratórias (com sete representantes); (ii) entrevistas semiestruturadas (dez profissionais e sete com usuários do serviço) e observação direta; (iii) entrevistas semiestruturadas não presenciais (trinta e oito profissionais). Trata-se de estudo qualitativo com análise temática e com fundamentação teórico-metodológica nas Sociologias das Ausências e a Sociologia das Emergências. Os resultados demonstram que a DPESP está desenvolvendo práticas para proporcionar a ampliação do acesso à justiça para demanda de saúde mental, buscando superar barreiras de acesso: (i) estabeleceu deliberação com a previsão de atendimento para pessoas com sofrimento ou portadoras de transtornos mentais; (ii) está realizando práticas extrajudiciais; (iii) atua em mediação de conflitos; (iv) investe em educação em direitos; (v) realiza mapeamento e articulação com a rede pública de serviços; (vi) realiza visita e/ou fiscalização em instituição de internação. Os dados evidenciam que a DPESP está proporcionando que as pessoas em sofrimento ou portadoras de transtornos mentais, que historicamente permaneceram excluídas e estigmatizadas socialmente, possam ser inseridas no sistema de justiça recebendo atendimento em uma instituição, fundamentada na política de inserção e valorização da dignidade humana, coerente com a política de saúde mental em vigor no país. Entretanto, são muitos os desafios a serem enfrentados, principalmente, relacionados à segmentação no serviço de saúde e a dificuldade para a devida implantação da política de desinstitucionalização / In the 1970s, based on the principle of human dignity, the movement of psychiatric reform in Brazil initiated a new order regarding mental health policies, considering people with mental disorders as subject of rights who should be reintegrated into society. Also based on the principle of human dignity, the Public Defenders Office was established in the Federal Constitution (1988) and it was implemented in the state of São Paulo (2006) as a result of a movement in society, which fought for its creation. Its initial project included an interdisciplinary approach, which enabled the implementation of the Multidisciplinary Reference Center (2010). This was considered an innovative proposal in the justice system, which aimed at expanding the access to justice improving the guarantee of integral judicial assistance free of charges to the ones who are considered disadvantaged. Based on a coherence of its principles, the Public Defenders Office is an institutional alternative in the movement for the consolidation of the human rights of people suffering or with mental disorders and in the implementation of public mental health policies. This study aimed at analyzing how the demand with mental health problems is accessing the justice system through the Public Defenders Office in the state of São Paulo. Data were collected through: (i) direct observation; (ii) analysis of institutional norms; (iii) non-structured interviews; (iv) semi-structured interviews. Therefore, the researcher collected data through: (i) seven non- structured interviews (six with representatives from the Public Defenders Office and one with a representative of a social movement; (ii) ten semi-structured interviews with professionals from the Multidisciplinary Reference Center; (iii) seven interviews with service users; (iv) online semi-structured interviews with thirty eight professionals from the Multidisciplinary Reference Center from regional offices at the state of São Paulo. The study followed three stages: (i) documental analysis and exploratory interviews (with seven representatives); (ii) semi-structured interviews (ten professionals and seven service users) and direct observation; (iii) semi-structured online interviews (thirty eight professionals). This is a qualitative study with thematic analysis using the theoretical methodological framework of the Sociology of Absences and Emergences. Results demonstrated that the Public Defenders Office is developing practices to enable the extension of the access to the justice system for the mental health demand, aiming at surpassing the barriers of access through: (i) the establishment of a deliberation establishing the service to people suffering or with mental health problems; (ii) the development of extra-judicial practices; (iii) conflict mediation; (iv) investment in rights education practices; (v) mapping and articulation of the network of public services; (vi) visits and supervision of hospitalization institutions. Data evidenced that the Public Defenders Office is enabling the insertion of people suffering or with mental disorders in the justice system, especially considering their history of exclusion and stigmatization, through an institution which is based in a policy of inclusion which values human dignity and that is coherent to the mental health policy of the country. However, there are several challenges to be faced, mainly related to the fragmentation of health services and the difficulties to implement the deinstitutionalization policy in Brazil

Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-07-19T17:58:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianoSardinha.pdf: 857421 bytes, checksum: a37f0947d197f14198495f7b4c7558b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-19T17:58:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianoSardinha.pdf: 857421 bytes, checksum: a37f0947d197f14198495f7b4c7558b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-04 / It analyzes access to justice as a fundamental right, which is also an essential condition for the realization of the other basic fundamental rights for a dignified human existence. It studies the historical development of the dimensions of fundamental rights and their characteristics in the national legal order. On the other hand, it verifies the restrictions on the effective exercise of access to justice that most compromise this right and jeopardize social harmony. A parallel is made between the philosophical theories of Ihering and Rousseau, in order to demonstrate that access to justice is the legitimate way of fighting for rights. It analyzes the extra-judicial services as an alternative to the effective access to justice, thus, it deals with the history and importance of notary and registry activity within striking civilizations, followed by an approach to the foundations and the principiological base that Legal and notarial law. At that time, it deals with extrajudicial procedures that are carried out by notaries and registrars, who guarantee access to justice and unclog the Judiciary. Methodologically allied with the bibliographic research with the analytical research of data of the report called "justice in numbers" of the National Council of Justice (CNJ). Thus, a qualitative analysis of the data of the report of the year 2016 will be carried out, carried out by the National Council of Justice, which brought for the first time the count of the procedural duration, demonstrating the average time it takes to complete a lawsuit Different judicial bodies, and also verified the percentage of conciliations that were carried out in the Judiciary. In this way, it will be possible to critically and constructively analyze the theory presented with the reality of access to justice in Brazil. / Analisa o acesso à justiça como direito fundamental, que também é condição essencial para a concretização dos demais direitos fundamentais básicos para uma existência humana digna. Estuda o desenvolvimento histórico das dimensões dos direitos fundamentais e as suas características na ordem jurídica nacional. Por outro prisma, verifica as restrições ao exercício efetivo de acesso à justiça que mais comprometem esse direito e colocam em risco a harmonia social. Faz-se um paralelo entre as teorias filosóficas de Ihering e Rousseau, no sentido de demonstrar que o acesso à justiça é a forma legítima de lutar-se por direitos. Analisa as serventias extrajudiciais como alternativa para a efetivação do acesso à justiça, sendo assim, trata sobre o histórico e a importância da atividade notarial e registral no seio de civilizações marcantes, em seguida, faz-se uma abordagem dos fundamentos e da base principiológica que embasa o Direito Notarial e Registral. Nesse compasso, trata sobre procedimentos extrajudiciais que são realizados por notários e registradores, que garantem o acesso à justiça e desobstruem o Poder Judiciário. Metodologicamente será aliada a pesquisa bibliográfica com a pesquisa analítica de dados do relatório denominado de “justiça em números” do Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ). Assim, será feita pesquisa qualitativa de análise dos dados do relatório do ano de 2016, feito pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça, que trouxe pela primeira vez a contagem do prazo de duração processual, demonstrando o tempo que em média dura para a conclusão de uma demanda judicial em diferentes órgãos judiciais, sendo verificada também a porcentagem de conciliações que foram realizadas no Poder Judiciário. Dessa forma, será possível analisar de forma crítica e construtiva a teoria apresentada com a realidade do acesso à justiça no Brasil.

The questions of business involvement in human rights violations in countries facing civil conflict, as well as access to remedy and accountability for these violations have generated a considerable amount of attention from academia and practitioners. While most theoretical efforts on access to remedy and accountability have focused on identifying the obstacles to access to justice, these do not explain the unlikely case of Colombia, where despite all structural obstacles being present (e.g. armed conflict, corruption), the country has positioned itself as a leader in the region in terms of judicialisation and convictions of economic actors for their complicity with grave human rights violations committed in the course of the 50 year internal armed conflict. This thesis is a theory building and theory-testing project that looks for alternative explanations to the outcomes registered in Colombia, focusing on the agents involved in these cases and how the variation in the power of the people (claimants) and the power of businesses (defendants) explains access to justice. This thesis uses the most comprehensive datasets in existence of business involvement in human rights violations (the Corporations and Human Rights Database and the Corporate Accountability and Transitional Justice Database) to present a novel and much needed systematic analysis to identify the factors explaining why and when remedy and accountability is possible. The results of the study suggest that the variations in the power of people and the power of business do offer a plausible alternative explanation to the unlikely case of Colombia. The Colombia data analyzed in this thesis suggests that while an increase in the power of the people (through the support of global actors and political opportunities) is necessary to secure judicialisation and remedy, these results are only possible when they face an economic actor with reduced veto power.

128 f. / Submitted by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura (anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-24T16:46:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Técio Spínola Gomes.pdf: 992685 bytes, checksum: 113b2902ca0aa0d102a4d8f3c6eb8eb2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura(anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-24T16:49:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Técio Spínola Gomes.pdf: 992685 bytes, checksum: 113b2902ca0aa0d102a4d8f3c6eb8eb2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-24T16:49:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Técio Spínola Gomes.pdf: 992685 bytes, checksum: 113b2902ca0aa0d102a4d8f3c6eb8eb2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / O presente trabalho aborda a técnica da fluid recovery utilizada para a liquidação e execução de ações coletivas em defesa de direitos individuais homogêneos. Objetiva-se estudar como esta técnica pode servir para a ampliação do acesso à justiça e concretização do direito à tutela executiva, que é corolário do princípio do devido processo legal. O microssistema da tutela coletiva é utilizado como referencial normativo do processo coletivo brasileiro. A fluid recovery é abordada, desde a sua origem, nos Estados Unidos da América, sendo também observado o desenvolvimento do instituto nos países da tradição da common law. Diante da previsão da fluid recovery no Código Brasileiro de Defesa do Consumidor, indaga-se como esta técnica deve ser aplicada para a máxima efetivação de direitos. / Salvador

156 f. / Submitted by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura (anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-27T17:00:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - João Paulo Lordelo Guimarães Tavares.pdf: 1279111 bytes, checksum: a0308413e3bfd9e47f55f44c307154a5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura(anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-27T17:05:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - João Paulo Lordelo Guimarães Tavares.pdf: 1279111 bytes, checksum: a0308413e3bfd9e47f55f44c307154a5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-27T17:05:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - João Paulo Lordelo Guimarães Tavares.pdf: 1279111 bytes, checksum: a0308413e3bfd9e47f55f44c307154a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / O presente trabalho situa-se no estudo dos fundamentos e amplitude da legitimação da Defensoria Pública na tutela jurisdicional dos direitos coletivos lato sensu (difusos, coletivos em sentido estrito e individuais homogêneos). Objetiva-se realizar uma investigação sobre os critérios para a aferição da legitimação coletiva do órgão assistencial numa perspectiva neoconstitucionalista, com base no princípio do acesso à justiça e no conceito de hipossuficiência organizacional. A partir de uma análise da dimensão constitucional do acesso à justiça e seus influxos no processo coletivo, aliada a uma investigação teórica e dogmática mais clara da legitimidade no processo coletivo brasileiro, pretende-se demonstrar a necessidade de se considerar a legitimação da Defensoria Pública sob um aspecto amplo, interpretando-se o termo “necessitados”, previsto na Constituição, de modo a incluir os mais variados grupos vulneráveis, sob o ponto de vista econômico, técnico e organizacional. Para tanto, é será necessária a importação fundamentada da experiência americana de aplicação do princípio do devido processo legal como fundamento para o controle judicial de adequação do representante nas class actions. / Salvador