Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to associate with susceptibility to ARI and with greater severity and poorer control of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Clinical trials of vitamin D for the prevention of ARI have yielded heterogeneous results, with some showing protection and others not. This may reflect variation in the frequency of genetic variants influencing response to vitamin D supplementation in different populations. The impact that genetic variation in the vitamin D pathway has on vitamin D status, disease phenotype and response to vitamin D supplementation in prevention of ARI has not been comprehensively investigated. Methods: I conducted: 1. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies which have investigated vitamin D as a potential therapy for ARI; 2. Three cross-sectional studies (in n=297 adult asthma patients, n=278 COPD patients, and n=272 older adults) to investigate potential environmental determinants (lifestyle and anthropometric) and genetic determinants (35 single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNP] in 11 vitamin D related genes) of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration (25[OH]D) and clinical phenotype; 3. Three prospective studies investigating the influence of genetic variation in the vitamin D pathway on a) susceptibility to ARI (main effects analysis) and b) efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of ARI (interaction analysis). Results: My systematic review identified consistent reports of an inverse association between vitamin D status and risk of ARI in observational studies, and heterogeneous reports from clinical trials. My cross-sectional studies identified a range of classical environmental factors which predict vitamin D status in the three study populations, but did not identify any genetic variants in the vitamin D pathway that associate with vitamin D status. I identified an association between vitamin D deficiency and decreased lung function in COPD patients, but no associations between vitamin D deficiency and asthma phenotype. Finally, my analysis identified a haplotype of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene which significantly modify the effect of vitamin D supplementation on risk of upper respiratory infection in COPD patients. Conclusions: I identified environmental determinants that predict 25(OH)D concentrations in all three study populations, but only found an association between vitamin D deficiency and disease severity in COPD patients. Furthermore, I identified a haplotype in VDR which modifies the effect of vitamin D supplementation in COPD patients to result in a significantly reduced risk of ARI.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / As infecÃÃes respiratÃrias agudas (IRA) sÃo importantes causas de morbidade e mortalidade em todo o mundo, acometendo principalmente crianÃas menores de cinco anos de idade. Essas infecÃÃes podem ser causadas por diferentes microrganismos, porÃm os vÃrus sÃo os mais frequentes. Esse estudo teve como objetivo descrever aspectos clÃnicos e epidemiolÃgicos de IRA de etiologia viral em crianÃas de zero a 12 anos de idade atendidas em serviÃo de emergÃncia de um hospital terciÃrio da cidade de Fortaleza-CE, no perÃodo de janeiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2008. Para tanto foram coletadas 1318 amostras de secreÃÃo de nasofaringe das crianÃas. As amostras foram submetidas à tÃcnica de imunofluorescÃncia indireta para detecÃÃo dos seguintes vÃrus respiratÃrios: vÃrus sincicial respiratÃrio (VSR), metapneumovÃrus humano (MPVh), adenovÃrus, influenza A e B e parainfluenza 1, 2 e 3. Os resultados desse estudo mostraram que pelo menos um vÃrus respiratÃrio foi detectado em 383 (29,1%) amostras. O vÃrus mais prevalente foi o VSR (44,4%), tendo o mesmo apresentado um padrÃo de sazonalidade definido, com associaÃÃo a estaÃÃo chuvosa. A co-infecÃÃo ocorreu em 12 (3,1%) amostras e o VSR foi o mais frequentemente associado. A mÃdia de idade dos pacientes foi de 23 meses e nÃo houve associaÃÃo entre o gÃnero desses pacientes e a positividade dos exames, apesar da maioria das crianÃas serem do sexo masculino. Entre os diagnÃsticos clÃnicos de etiologia viral, houve predomÃnio de infecÃÃo da via aÃrea superior (IVAS) (51,2%), e em relaÃÃo ao diagnÃstico especÃfico das infecÃÃes da via aÃrea inferior (IVAI), destacou-se a pneumonia. Portanto, os resultados desse estudo ressaltam a importÃncia dos vÃrus como causadores de IRA em crianÃas na cidade de Fortaleza, com as maiores taxas ocorrendo entre os meses de marÃo a junho, diferenciando-se da regiÃo Sul do paÃs, onde as maiores taxas sÃo encontradas nos meses de julho a outubro. / Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting mainly children under five years old. These infections can be caused by different organisms, but viruses are the most frequent. This study aimed to describe clinical and epidemiological aspects of viral ARI in children 0-12 years of age treated in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in the city of Fortaleza, from January 2007 to December 2008. Therefore, we collected 1318 samples of nasopharyngeal secretions of children. The samples were subjected to indirect immunofluorescence for detection of the following respiratory viruses: respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), adenovirus, influenza A and B and parainfluenza 1, 2 and 3. The results of this study showed that at least one respiratory virus was detected in 383 (29.1%) samples. The most prevalent virus was RSV (44.4%), and presented the same seasonal pattern of a defined association with the rainy season. Co-infection occurred in 12 (3.1%) samples and RSV was the most frequently associated. The average age of patients was 23 months and there was no association between gender of these patients and positivity of the tests, although most children were male. Among the clinical diagnoses of viral etiology, there was predominance of upper respiratory infection diseases (URID) (51.2%), and in relation to the specific diagnosis of the lower respiratory infections diseases (LRID), stood out pneumonia. Therefore, the results of this study highlight the importance of viruses as causes of ARI in children in Fortaleza, with the highest rates occurring between the months March to June, differing from the southern region, where the highest rates are found in the months from July to October.

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children, remaining a major public health concern, especially affecting children under 5 years old from low-income countries. Unfortunately, information regarding their epidemiology is still limited in Peru. Methods: A secondary data analysis was performed from a previous cross-sectional study conducted in children with a probable diagnosis of Pertussis from January 2010 to July 2012. All samples were analyzed via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the following etiologies: Influenza-A, Influenza-B, RSV-A, RSV-B, Adenovirus, Parainfluenza 1 virus, Parainfluenza 2 virus, Parainfluenza 3 virus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae. Results: A total of 288 patients were included. The most common pathogen isolated was Adenovirus (49%), followed by Bordetella pertussis (41%) from our previous investigation, the most prevelant microorganisms were Mycoplasma pneumonia (26%) and Influenza-B (19.8%). Coinfections were reported in 58% of samples and the most common association was found between B. pertussis and Adenovirus (12.2%). Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of Adenovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and other etiologies in patients with a probable diagnosis of pertussis. Despite the presence of persistent cough lasting at least two weeks and other clinical characteristics highly suspicious of pertussis, secondary etiologies should be considered in children under 5 years-old in order to give a proper treatment. / Revisión por pares

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of A. baumannii in children aged less than 1 year admitted with a clinical diagnosis of whooping cough. Results: A total of 225 nasopharyngeal samples from children under 1 year old hospitalized with clinical diagnosis of whooping cough were studied from January 2010 to July 2012. The presence of A. baumannii was detected in 20.89% (47/225) of the nasopharyngeal swab samples. Among the 47 patients with A. baumannii: 5 were diagnosed with A. baumannii monoinfection, 17 co-infection with bacteria, 7 co-infection with virus and 18 co-infection with bacteria + virus. It was observed that 51.6% (116/225) were children between 29 days and 3 months old, this same group had the highest overall prevalence with 53.3%. The most common co-infecting pathogens were Bordetella pertussis in 55.3%, Adenovirus in 42.6% and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 23.4%. / Revisión por pares

jdelvall@upc.edu.pe / Acute respiratory infections are responsible for high morbi–mortality in Peruvian children. However, the etiological agents are poorly identified. This study, conducted during the pandemic outbreak of H1N1 influenza in 2009, aims to determine the main etiological agents responsible for acute respiratory infections in children from Lima, Peru. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 717 children with acute respiratory infections between January 2009 and December 2010 were analyzed by multiplex RT-PCR for 13 respiratory viruses: influenza A, B, and C virus; parainfluenza virus (PIV) 1, 2, 3, and 4; and human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and B, among others. Samples were also tested with direct fluorescent-antibodies (DFA) for six respiratory viruses. RT-PCR and DFA detected respiratory viruses in 240 (33.5%) and 85 (11.9%) cases, respectively. The most common etiological agents were RSV-A (15.3%), followed by influenza A (4.6%), PIV-1 (3.6%), and PIV-2 (1.8%). The viruses identified by DFA corresponded to RSV (5.9%) and influenza A (1.8%). Therefore, respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV) were found to be the most common etiology of acute respiratory infections. The authors suggest that active surveillance be conducted to identify the causative agents and improve clinical management, especially in the context of possible circulation of pandemic viruses

This cross-sectional, community-based study was designed to compare the health outcomes of 2 - 5 year-old children in different types of preschools. The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), run by the government of India, created a system of preschools, called anganwadis, to combat malnutrition, provide health education for mothers, and preschool for children 2 - 6 years old in 1975. Many children attend their local anganwadis, while others attend private schools, and others do not attend school at all. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to interview 125 urban and 130 rural mothers regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and practices about acute diarrheal disease (ADD), acute respiratory infections (ARI), and nutrition (practice only) as they pertained to their 2 - 5 year-old child. Two-week and four-week health recalls were obtained to determine which children had experienced diarrhea or ARIs during those time periods. Anthropometric measurements of the children (weight, height, upper-arm circumference) were collected whenever possible. The study was carried out in an urban slum rural villages surrounding in and surrounding Bangalore, India. Data was collected from March through May of 2009. Through data analysis, KAP and child health scores were calculated to compare four preschool types: anganwadis receiving health check-ups from a medical college, anganwadis not receiving the medical check- ups, other (non-anganwadi) preschools and children not attending preschool. Analyses were performed to identify gaps in KAP, determine the impact of KAP on nutritional status, determine the impact of KAP on ADD and ARI, and determine if preschool type influences KAP scores. Children not attending preschool of any type are at higher risk of ADD, ARI, and being underweight. These children have mothers with the lowest attitude scores. Mothers of children in other preschools have the highest percentage of good knowledge and practice scores. Children who attend other preschools also have the lowest prevalence of underweight. This information can be useful in designing interventions for specific populations.

This thesis is based on studies in Butajira district in the south central part of Ethiopia and one study in the Ethio-Swedish Children's Hospital in Addis Ababa. The Butajira project has a continuous demographic surveillance system, established in 1987 in a sample of 10 communities with a total baseline population of about 30,000. The project includes the development and evaluation of a system for continuous registration of vital events and provides a baseline population and sampling frame for health related research activities. The thesis used different study designs within the surveillance system. A carriership study was undertaken to determine the potential bacterial respiratory pathogens among under-five children. A clinical study was done to investigate aetiological agents among young infants (below 3 months) with pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis in a hospital setting. Interview studies were carried out on mothers' perceptions of illness and practices in the care of children with acute respiratory infections. Within the surveillance system, patterns of under-five mortality were analysed. A nested case-referent design was applied to assess public health and behavioural determinants of mortality. A cohort study was performed among under-fives in three communities to estimate the magnitude of illness burden, particularly from ARI, as well as to assess determinants of ARI morbidity. Among 1126 under-five children, 85% were found to harbour H. influenzae, 83% M. catarrhalis and 90% S. pneumoniae in the nasopharynx. The hospital-based study isolated S. pneumoniae, Streptococcus group A, Salmonella group B, E. coli and H. influenzae in the age group below 3 months. The study of mothers' perceptions and practices, showed that mothers do know the symptoms of measles and whooping cough, while they do not recognize pneumonia as an illness entity and are not aware of fast breathing as an important sign of pneumonia. The mortality studies showed a high infant and under-five mortality rate. ARI was responsible for one fifth of the under-five mortality and almost one third of the infant mortality rate. Cause of death in the case-referent study was determined using a validated verbal autopsy method. Breast-feeding and supplementary feeding were demonstrated to be strongly protective when controlling for parental and environmental determinants of mortality. A one year prospective home surveillance study showed that illness was reported in 5.8% of 1,216 person-years. ARI contributed half of this illness load and was particularly associated with parental factors. Among sanitation factors, the absence of piped water was an important determinant of morbidity. Among housing factors, the type of roof and lighting source for the house, and among parental factors, illiteracy of either parents and having a farmer as a father, were found to be independently associated with increased morbidity. Among health and behavioural factors, preterm delivery and lack of immunization were associated with increased morbidity. The results of the studies of this thesis have been utilized to design an intervention case management package. The intervention study and evaluation of its impact is now on-going. / <p>Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1994, härtill 7 uppsatser.</p> / digitalisering@umu.se

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O metapneumovÃrus humano (MPVh) à um vÃrus que tem se destacado como um dos agentes mais freqÃentes de infecÃÃes respiratÃrias agudas (IRA) virais na infÃncia. Este estudo teve como objetivos: observar a freqÃÃncia das infecÃÃes causadas pelo MPVh em crianÃas atendidas por IRA no Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin, hospital pediÃtrico de referÃncia do estado do CearÃ, no perÃodo de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2007; descrever aspectos de sazonalidade dessas infecÃÃes relacionando-as com a ocorrÃncia de chuvas e a circulaÃÃo de outros vÃrus respiratÃrios; descrever as caracterÃsticas clÃnico-epidemiolÃgicas dos pacientes infectados pelo MPVh, comparando com os pacientes negativos e com os positivos para outros vÃrus e avaliar a tÃcnica de IFI como mÃtodo de diagnÃstico para a detecÃÃo do MPVh. Amostras de secreÃÃo de nasofaringe foram coletadas de crianÃas com sintomas de IRA e submetidas à tÃcnica de imunofluorescÃncia indireta para detecÃÃo dos seguintes vÃrus respiratÃrios: MPVh, vÃrus sincicial respiratÃrio (VSR), influenza A e B, adenovÃrus e parainfluenza 1, 2 e 3. Durante os 24 meses de estudo, foram colhidas amostras de 1276 crianÃas sendo detectado algum vÃrus respiratÃrio em 380 (29,78%) amostras. O MPVh foi o segundo vÃrus respiratÃrio mais encontrado representando um total de 8,69% de todas as amostras e de 29% dentre as amostras positivas para os vÃrus pesquisados. NÃo foi observado para o MPVh um padrÃo de sazonalidade nem correlaÃÃo com perÃodo chuvoso. A maioria dos pacientes positivos para MPVh foram atendidos na emergÃncia (89,2%). A mÃdia de idade dos pacientes positivos para o MPVh foi de 27 meses sendo significativamente superior que a das crianÃas infectadas pelo VSR (15 meses), adenovÃrus (14 meses) e vÃrus parainfluenza 3 (18 meses). Dentre os pacientes infectados pelo MPVh, 53,2% tiveram o diagnÃstico de infecÃÃes das vias aÃreas superiores e 46,7% tiveram o diagnÃstico de infecÃÃes das vias aÃreas inferiores. As infecÃÃes por MPVh apresentaram o mesmo espectro de infecÃÃes causadas pelos demais vÃrus pesquisados. O MPVh associou-se mais a casos de pneumonia que levaram à hospitalizaÃÃo das crianÃas infectadas do que outros vÃrus analisados. Mais da metade dos pacientes infectados pelo MPVh utilizaram o aerossol / salbutamol no seu tratamento (68,5%). A tÃcnica de IFI mostrou-se bastante eficaz como mÃtodo de diagnÃstico para a detecÃÃo do MPVh nesse estudo / The human metapneumovÃrus (hMPV) is a newly discovered virus that has been considered as one of the most common agents of acute respiratory infections (ARI) virus in childhood. The objectives of this study were: 1) to observe the frequency of infections caused by hMPV among children attending Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin, a major pediatric hospital in CearÃ, from January 2006 to December 2007; 2) to describe aspects of seasonality of these infections relating them to the occurrence of rain and the circulation of other respiratory viruses, 3) to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients infected by hMPV, compared with positive and negative patients for other viruses; 4) to evaluate the IFI assay as a method of diagnosis for the detection of hMPV. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children with symptoms of ARI and submitted to indirect immunofluorescence assays for the detection of the following respiratory viruses: hMPV, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A and B, adenovirus and parainfluenza 1, 2 and 3. During the 24 months of study, samples were collected from 1276 and respiratory viruses were demonstrated in 380 (29.78%) samples. The hMPV was the second most frequently detected respiratory viruses representing a total of 8.69% of all samples and 29% among the samples positive for the virus analyzed. It was not observed for hMPV a pattern of seasonality or correlation with the rainy season. Most patients positive for hMPV were attended in the emergence (89.2%). The mean age of patients infected by hMPV was 27 months, wich is significantly older than that for VSR (15 months), adenovirus (14 months) and parainfluenza virus 3 (18 months). Among patients infected by hMPV, 53.2% had a diagnosis of infections of the upper airways and 46.7% had a diagnosis of infections of the lower airways. The hMPV infections showed the same spectrum of infections caused by other viruses analyzed. The hMPV associated to more cases of pneumonia that led to the hospitalization of children infected than other viruses analyzed. More than half of these patients used the aerosol / salbutamol as conduct therapy (68.5%). The IFI assay proved to be quite effective as a method of diagnosis for the detection of hMPV in this study

Submitted by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-09-04T10:51:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS. BETANIA 2013.pdf: 1122616 bytes, checksum: e6ca33abd01381b4d25165622ca23038 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Creuza Silva(mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-09-04T10:52:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS. BETANIA 2013.pdf: 1122616 bytes, checksum: e6ca33abd01381b4d25165622ca23038 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-04T10:52:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS. BETANIA 2013.pdf: 1122616 bytes, checksum: e6ca33abd01381b4d25165622ca23038 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Para avaliar fatores de risco para hospitalizações por infecções respiratórias agudas (IRA), desenvolveu-se um estudo caso-controle com crianças de 4 a 24 meses de idade hospitalizadas devido a estas infecções, de julho de 2008 a julho de 2011, em instituições públicas/SUS de seis municípios brasileiros. Um grupo controle formado por crianças da mesma faixa etária hospitalizadas por doença não infecciosa e outro constituído por crianças que desde o nascimento tiveram, no máximo, apenas uma hospitalização por doenças respiratórias. Banco de Dados de um estudo sobre efetividade da vacina contra rotavírus, IBGE e Ministério da Saúde foram as fontes de dados. Variáveis individuais (relativas à mãe e à criança) e contextuais foram os fatores de risco examinados. As análises foram realizadas mediante Regressão Logística, assumindo p<0,05. Baixo peso ao nascer (OR=2,0), número total de internações desde o nascimento (OR=1,3), número de internações por doenças do aparelho respiratório (OR=3,2) e uso de cigarro na gestação (OR=1,5) mostraram-se associadas com o desfecho, na análise bivariada. Na análise estratificada, os grupos de municípios apresentaram-se como modificador de efeito para peso ao nascer, número de internações e fumo na gestação. A análise multinível indicou correlação linear entre as variáveis, as variáveis contextuais Índice de Gini<0,46 e temperatura média anual < 24 graus Celsius, mostraram-se associadas ao desfecho. Esses achados revelam a necessidade de investimentos sociais, tais como redução da desigualdade de renda e melhoria da qualidade da assistência prestada à gestante e à criança de modo a contribuir para reduzir as internações por IRA em crianças. / Salvador

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-04-23T14:59:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Lusmaia Damaceno Camargo Costa - 2014.pdf: 1127224 bytes, checksum: 0d8abb81e39218ff98c2ffb7471822f8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-04-23T15:01:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Lusmaia Damaceno Camargo Costa - 2014.pdf: 1127224 bytes, checksum: 0d8abb81e39218ff98c2ffb7471822f8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-23T15:01:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Lusmaia Damaceno Camargo Costa - 2014.pdf: 1127224 bytes, checksum: 0d8abb81e39218ff98c2ffb7471822f8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-25 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / Objective: to describe the prevalence of respiratory viruses in children with asthma during exacerbation and compare with those non-exacerbated and nonasthmatic children during acute respiratory infection. Methods: In this cross-sectional study nasopharyngeal aspirate/swab from children (4-14 years) was collected between August-2012 and August-2013 in a city (Goiânia) in Center-Brazil. There were 92 with exacerbated asthma (EA), 72 non-asthmatic with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in emergency room, and 61 non exacerbated asthmatic (NEA) treated in specialized clinics. The samples were tested to indirect immunofluorescence using the Respiratory Panel I (Chemicon. MA, USA) and RT-PCR kit rhinovirus. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the HC / UFG and statistical analysis performed with the SPSS v.20 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). The chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables and Kruskal-Wallis test to compare medians, pvalue< 0.05 was considered significant. Results: the sample consisted of 225 children, mostly male (59.5%) with median age of seven years. The viral prevalence was 91.1% and rhinovirus was the most commonly detected (67.6%), with no significant difference in incidence among all groups. Other viruses were identified: influenza A (13.2%), adenovirus (7.5%), influenza B (3.5%), respiratory syncytial virus (2.8%), parainfluenza 2 (2.8%) and parainfluenza 1 (2.5%). Adenovirus were more frequent in ARI (p=0.25). The EA group compared to the NEA group had cough at night (p<0.01), symptoms on exertion (p<0.01), medical visits (p<0.01) and hospitalizations for asthma (p<0.01) in the last 12 months and less use of medication (8.6%) for asthma control (p<0.01). Conclusions: the prevalence of viral detection was high (90.1%) in all patients (EA, NEA and ARI) and rhinovirus was the most prevalent agent, without differences between groups while adenovirus was more common in nonasthmatic children. Children with exacerbated asthma had parameters of uncontrolled disease in the last 12 months. Asthmatic children with nonexacerbated disease had no exacerbation although most of them had viruses in their nasopharynx, probable because of the regular use of inhaled corticosteroids. / Objetivo: descrever a prevalência de vírus respiratórios em crianças asmáticas durante exacerbação e comparar com grupo de crianças asmáticas não exacerbadas e crianças não asmáticas durante episódio de infecção respiratória aguda. Métodos: Em um estudo transversal foram realizadas coletas de aspirado/swabnasofaríngeo de crianças com idade entre 4 e 14 anos no período de agosto/2012 a agosto/2013, na cidade de Goiânia. Foram estudados 92 asmáticas exacerbadas (AE) e 72 crianças não asmáticas com sintomas de infecção respiratória aguda (IRA), atendidas em unidades de emergência em Goiânia-GO. No mesmo período, foram coletadas amostras de 61 crianças asmáticas não exacerbadas (ANE) atendidas em ambulatório especializado. As amostras foram submetidas à reação de imunofluorescência indireta utilizando o kit RespiratoryPanel I (Chemicon. MA, USA) para os vírus influenza A e B, parainfluenza 1 a 3, adenovírus e vírus sincicial respiratório e o RT-PCR para o rinovírus. O trabalho foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética do HC/UFG. A análise estatística foi realizada com o auxílio do software SPSS v.20 (SPSS Inc.; Chicago, IL) e o STATA v 12.0 (StataCorp, CollegeStation, TX, EUA). O teste qui-quadrado foi utilizado para comparar variáveis categóricas e aquelas com p<0,10 foram submetidas à análise de regressão logística. O teste de Kruskal-Wallis foi utilizado para comparar as medianas de idade. Para todos os testes, o valor de p<0,05 foi considerando significativo. Resultados: a amostra final foi constituída por 225 crianças, a maioria do sexo masculino (59,5%) e a mediana de idade foide sete anos. A prevalência de detecção viral foi 91,1% e o rinovírus foi o mais frequente (67,6%), sem diferença significativa entre os três grupos. Outros vírus identificados foram: influenza A (13,2%), adenovírus (7,5%), influenza B (3,5%), sincicial respiratório (2,8%), parainfluenza2 (2,8%) e parainfluenza 1 (2,5%). O adenovírus foi mais frequente no grupo com IRA (p=0,25). O grupo AE quando comparado ao grupo ANE apresentou mais tosse noturna (p<0,01), sintomas aos esforços (p<0,01), consultas (p<0,01) e internações por asma (p<0,01) nos últimos 12 meses e menor uso de medicamento (8,6%) para controle da asma (p<0,01). Após análise de regressão, os parâmetros consulta prévia (≥3) no último ano (p= 0,42) e ausência de uso de corticosteróide inalatório (p<0,01) permaneceram significativamente associados à exacerbação. Conclusões: prevalência de identificação viral foi elevada (91,1%) de forma homogênea entre os pacientes (AE, ANE e IRA) e o rinovírus foi o agente mais prevalente, em todos os grupos. O adenovírus esteve mais presente nas crianças não asmáticas com sintomas de infecção respiratória (IRA). As crianças exacerbadas apresentavam parâmetros de não controle da doença e menor uso de corticosteroide inalatório, enquanto as não exacerbadas, apesar de apresentarem o vírus na secreção nasofaríngea, não apresentaram exacerbação, possivelmente pelo uso regular de corticosteroide inalatório.