Na década de 90, a corrida de rua sofreu uma alteração significativa no seu conceito de evento. O caráter de entretenimento começou a ser explorado pelos produtores de eventos desse setor, fazendo emergir o conceito de corridas fashions. Só no estado de São Paulo, foram ofertados 415 eventos de corrida de rua, no ano de 2015. Percebendo esse mercado em expansão, empresas de diversos setores procuram se aliar ao esporte em questão e, em contrapartida, as produtoras desses eventos procuram esses patrocinadores para o financiamento das atividades. Com isso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar os perfis de patrocinadores que agregam mais valor aos eventos de corrida de rua: um estudo na visão dos consumidores desse esporte. Para responder esse objetivo, optou-se por uma metodologia qualitativa de caráter exploratório. Foi aplicado um questionário misto à uma amostra de 407 corredores, em quatro eventos de corrida de rua. Esse questionário continha perguntas abertas e fechadas, e as respostas foram analisadas por meio das frequências e seus conteúdos, respectivamente. Como resultado, obteve-se um perfil de patrocinador que seja de segmentos congruentes com o esporte e a corrida de rua, como segmento esportivo, alimentício e de calçados para corredores. Além disso, segundo os consumidores, é importante que os patrocinadores ativem suas marcas durante os eventos da modalidade. Essas ativações devem ser associadas aos atributos que esses consumidores consideram como atributos da corrida de rua, como, saúde, amizade, qualidade de vida, bem-estar, socialização e diversão. Conclui-se que existem patrocinadores que agregam mais valor do que outros, na ótica do consumidor desse esporte. Essas informações podem ser úteis para os produtores de corrida de rua, uma vez que essas empresas que devem ser procuradas em uma possível prospecção de patrocinadores para os eventos da modalidade. Patrocinadores que agregam mais valor ao evento são percebidos pelos consumidores, o que resulta em uma percepção positiva daquele evento em questão e de seus patrocinadores / In the 90s the street race underwent a significant change in your event concept. The entertainment character began to be exploited by the event producers in this sector, giving rise to the concept of fashions races. Only in the state of São Paulo were offered 415 street racing events in 2015. Realizing this expanding market, companies from various sectors are seeking to combine the sport in question, and in turn producing these events seek these sponsors for funding these activities. Thus, objective of this study was to identify the profile of sponsors that add more value to street racing events: a study in view of the consumers of this sport. To meet this objective we chose a qualitative methodology exploratory. A mixed questionnaire to a sample of 407 runners in four road race event was applied. The questionnaire contained open and closed questions, which the frequencies were analyzed the responses and their contents respectively. As a result we got a sponsor profile that is congruent segments with sport and street racing as sports segment, food and shoes for runners. Moreover, according to consumers, these sponsors must activate their brands during the sport events. These activations should be associated with attributes that consumers consider as street racing attributes as health, friendship, quality of life, well-being, socialization and fun. It is concluded that there are sponsors that add more value than others in the consumer\'s view of this sport. This information can be useful for street racing producers, since these companies should be sought in a possible prospect for sponsors for the sport events. Sponsors that add more value to the event are perceived by consumers, resulting in a positive perception of that event in question and its sponsors

This Masters Thesis deals with the concept of lean manufacturing and its implementing specifications in Czech companies. The theoretical part describes the concept of lean in detail, its history, principles and other characteristics. Furthermore this part presents the analysis related to the implementation of lean principles in small and medium sized companies in the Czech Republic. Based on this analysis, the hypothesis about the success or failure of implementation is formulated. The practical part describes the implementation of the chosen lean tool in the international operating company. On the basis of this project, the hypothesis is affirmed or denied.

Detta examensarbete handlar om utvecklingsåtgärder på platta tak. Åtgärderna som tas upp är specifikt avsedda för två hustyper på Byälvsvägen i Bagarmossen, söder om Stockholm. Hustyperna är lamell- och loftgångshus som är byggda under slutet av miljonprogrammet. Båda hustyperna har platta tak med invändigt avvattningssystem. Taken ska inom några år läggas om på grund av slitage. Syftet med detta arbete är att ta fram och undersöka olika åtgärder för att utveckla, förbättra och öka användningen av de platta taken på loftgångs- och lamellhusen.   Examensarbetet har utförts med hjälp av litteraturstudier, intervjuer och studiebesök. För gestaltning av husen och de byggtekniska lösningarna har 3D-programmet autodesk Revit använts.   Arbetet innehåller förslag på utvecklingsåtgärder som är möjliga att utföra med eller utan förstärkning av tak och stomme. I arbetet tas det även fram byggtekniska lösningar på samtliga åtgärder.   Åtgärder utan förstärkning av tak och stomme: Utveckling av takutformning Utveckling av avrinningssystem Gröna tak (lätt sedumtak) Solceller   Åtgärder med förstärkning av tak och stomme: Gröna tak (intensivt tak) Påbyggnad av lägenheter eller radhus Ökad tillgänglighet i form av hiss och trappor / This thesis is about developing measures on flat roofs. The measures that are brought up are specifically designed for two types of houses on Byälvsvägen in Bagarmossen, south of Stockholm. The house types are balcony aces blocks and lamellar houses, both are built during the so called in Swedish “million program”. Both house types have flat roofs with internal drainage. The roofs will be renovated within a few years due to wear.   The purpose is to create and examine various measures to develop, improve and increase the use of the flat roofs of the balcony aces blocks and lamellar houses.   The work has been carried out with the help of literature studies, interviews and field trips. The 3D program software Autodesk revit has been used for the design of the houses and structural engineering.   The thesis includes suggestions for developing measures that are possible to apply, with and without reinforcement of the roof and frame. This thesis also brings up structural engineering solutions on all measures.    Measures without reinforcement of roof and frame: Development of roof structure Development of drainage system Green roofs (light sedum roofs) Solar panels   Measures with reinforcement of roof and frame: Green roofs (heavy roofs) Adding storeys of apartments or townhouses Availability in form of elevator and stairs

tRNAs spielen eine zentrale Rolle in jedem bekannten Organismus. Sie agieren als Adaptoren, um den Code der Nukleinsäuren in eine funktionale Aminosäuresequenz zu übersetzen. Ihre Struktur folgt einer hoch konservierten Kleeblattform, die aus dem D-Arm, dem Anticodonarm und –loop, dem TΨC-Arm und dem Akzeptorstamm gebildet wird. 5ʹ-und 3ʹ-Ende bilden den Akzeptorstamm, wobei das 3ʹ-Ende mit dem Diskriminator und dem universalen CCA-Triplett um vier Nukleotide herausragt. Das CCA-addierende Enzym führt die Addition dieses CCA-Tripletts durch und ist ubiquitär in Bakterien, Archaeen und Eukaryoten vorhanden. Für diese Arbeit wurden zwei ungewöhnliche Mitglieder der CCA-addierenden Enzyme untersucht: das CCA-addierende Enzym aus dem Nematoden Romanomermis culicivorax als auch das bifunktionale CCA-addierende Enzym aus dem Bakterium Escherichia coli. In den Mitochondrien des Nematoden Romanomermis culicivorax sind tRNAs codiert, die von der Kleeblattstruktur abweichen. Es wurden die Anpassungen des CCA-addierenden Enzyms an diesen abweichenden tRNA Pool charakterisiert. Der zweite Teil dieser Arbeit betrachtet eine Phosphodiesterase-Domäne, die HD Domäne, in den CCA-addierenden Enzymen der Gammaproteobakterien. In vitro zeigt diese HD Domäne die Abspaltung eines 2ʹ,3ʹ-cyclischen Phosphates vom 3ʹ-Ende von tRNA Strukturen. Weiterhin wurde in in vivo Experimenten die Funktion der HD Domäne des CCA-addierenden Enzyms aus Escherichia coli betrachtet. Dabei wurde beobachtet, dass in Escherichia coli der RNA-Pool mit 2ʹ,3ʹ-cyclischen Phosphaten dynamisch auf Nährstoffmangel reagiert. Insbesondere der tRNA-Pool und deren Fragmente zeigten interessante Veränderungen, wenn Escherichia coli hohe Zelldichten erreichte oder von einem nährstoffreichen Medium auf Minimalmedium versetzt wurde.

Background: To remain competitive in Industry 4.0, B2B suppliers must develop new and increasingly advanced digital services by incorporating AI. However, although being of interest to practitioners, academic research on successful AI implementation in B2B functional domains is lacking. Consequently, academics have stressed the importance of developing comprehensive frameworks within B2B marketing to accelerate the creation of strategic roadmaps for AI implementation. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore how AI can be utilized to enhance digital servitization, according to the perspectives of one supplier and several of its customers. The aim is to provide a framework that can assist practitioners in implementing value-adding AI services. Method: To fulfill the exploratory purpose of this study, a qualitative single-case research design was applied. The empirical data was collected through twelve in-depth semi-structured interviews.  Utilizing an inductive approach, the data has been analyzed and interpreted through a thematic analysis. Conclusion: Incorporating a complete S-D logic mindset by implementing the AI solution based on all five axioms was found to enhance digital servitization. A model displaying various servitization activities connected to these axioms arose, emphasizing their collective impact. Additionally, suppliers may enhance digital servitization through the implementation of AI by engaging in three transformational mechanisms, namely customization, automation, and agile co-development.

The office market in Stockholm is constantly evolving, and property owners must actively work to meet tenants' demand for office spaces. The increased demand for alternative office solutions has led to the development of coworking facilities and fully furnished offices. Digitalization and the ability to work remotely have raised higher expectations for offices. Consequently, shared services have become a significant part of the current development in commercial offices, aiming to provide attractive workspaces that employees want to be in. The purpose of this master thesis is to map the shared services offered by property owners in their properties, how shared services are included in lease agreements, what property owners consider to be included in the concept of shared services, and how companies manage their customer relationships. The objective is to gain a deeper understanding of the evolution and applications of shared services in the commercial real estate market in Stockholm. The concept is rooted in value creation of properties, customer relationships, business models, and strategies. To achieve the goals and objectives of the master thesis, a qualitative study was conducted. Additionally, a literature review and  an empirical study was carried out through semi-structured interviews with the nine largest property owners in Stockholm. The results showed that property owners have different perspectives on the concept of shared services and that shared services can be categorized into three different levels with the lowest level being changing rooms, shared reception and bicycle rooms. The next level includes car parking, conference facilities, bookable meeting rooms, a gym and the last level is peculiar services such as dog daycare, laundry handling and car charging points. Furthermore, the results indicate that some property owners have chosen to implement more shared services in their portfolios than others. Property owners have also chosen different methods to account for the fee for shared services in lease agreements, with the majority of the companies charging it as x SEK/sqm . The authors also note that property owners have expanded their range of office solutions to adapt to the current market such as coworking and fully furnished offices. / Kontorsmarknaden i Stockholm är i ständig rörelse och fastighetsägare måste aktivt arbeta med att möta hyresgästernas efterfrågan på kontorslokalerna. Den nya ökade efterfrågan på alternativa kontorslösningar har bidragit till utvecklingen av bland annat coworking anläggningar och fullt möblerade kontor. Digitaliseringen och möjligheten att arbeta på distans har medfört att större krav sätts på kontoren. Gemensam service har därför blivit en stor del av dagens utveckling av kommersiella kontor för att kunna erbjuda attraktiva arbetsplatser som anställda vill vara på. Syftet med denna masteruppsats är att kartlägga vilken gemensam service fastighetsägare erbjuder i sina fastigheter, hur gemensam service inkluderas i hyresavtalen, vad fastighetsägare anser ingå i konceptet gemensam service samt hur företagen arbetar med sina kundrelationer. Syftet är att få en djupare förståelse för utvecklingen och tillämpningarna av gemensam service inom den kommersiella fastighetsmarknaden i Stockholm. Konceptet har en bakgrund inom värdeskapande av fastigheter, kundrelationer, affärsmodeller och affärsstrategier. För att uppnå masterarbetets mål och syfte har en kvalitativ studie genomförts. Vidare har en litteraturundersökning och en empirisk studie genomförts genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med de nio största fastighetsägarna i Stockholm. Resultatet visade att fastighetsägare har olika syn på konceptet av gemensam service. Efter analys av den empiriska studien kan gemensam service kan delas in i tre olika nivåer där den lägsta nivån innehåller omklädningsrum, gemensam reception och cykelrum. Nästa nivå innehåller bilparkering, konferensrum, bokningsbara mötesrum och gym och den sista nivån är service som hunddagis, tvätthantering och el-laddningsplatser för bilar. Vidare visar resultatet att vissa fastighetsägare har valt att implementera mer gemensam service än andra i sitt bestånd. Fastighetsägarna har även valt att redovisa avgiften för den gemensamma servicen på olika sätt i hyreskontrakten där majoriteten av företagen debiterar gemensamma service som x SEK/kvm. Författarna kan även konstatera att fastighetsägare har breddat sitt utbud på kontorslösningar för att anpassa sig till dagens marknad som bland annat coworking och fullt möblerade kontor.

The aim of this Master Thesis is to investigate and quantify the climate impact for two floor system alternatives for the Cederhusen project, that is the 8 floors timber-based buildings located at Sankt Eriksplan in Stockholm. The overall motivation for this study is the fact that the construction industry is a major contributor to the total amount of the global greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, in order to reduce these emissions new solutions, practices and applications must be adopted. An environmental attentive choice of materials used in structures has the potential of reducing the emissions. The first alternative is the existing floor system solution used by Folkhem. The second is a new type of floor system solution patented by Granab. Each floor system contains two segments: a structural part and a sub-floor part. The structural part in both alternatives contain an adding weight component to improve the dynamic performance of the relatively light weight high-rise timber buidlings. Both floor systems are thus so-called hybrid systems, where Folkhem's solution combines cross-laminated timber (CLT) and steel fiber reinforced concrete, and Granab's solution combines CLT and gravel. The specific objective was to compare the emission of greenhouse gases related to each floor system and their components by a so-called comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology using a well-defined functional unit. The functional unit must consider all significant performance requirements obtained by the floor system, including load bearing capacity, dynamic performance, sound proofing, fire safety, surface flooring and maximum acceptable building height. The method of determining the climate impact is based on the “Anavitor Concept”, an innovative and digital approach to LCA calculations, to quantify and compare the environmental impact of the two floor systems through their lifetime, aiming for the user to not be an LCA expert, but to be the one who develops the design solutions, called “End-User”. Therefore, this concept performs direct LCA calculations from the BIM model by allowing access to environmental database, which contains life cycle analysis data approved and provided by LCA environmental specialists, and conveniently link material component against an industry-wide resource register receipt, called “Cross-Referencing”. The results show a significant decrease of climate impact with 33 % CO2e/m2 for the Granab’s alternative floor system compared to the existing floor system designed by Folkhem. Moreover, a direct comparison of the climate impact of Folkhem´s versus Granab´s adding weight system itself, shows a remarkable decrease of climate impact with 65 % CO2e/m2 emissions reduction for the Granab system.  Thera are several reasons for these remarkably results, however, the building material selection of gravel over concrete has the greatest influence. In practice, the ability to avoid the environmental impact of cement’s manufacture process in the production stage, A1-A3, is identified as the hot spot of this study. In addition, the environmental impact results signify the importance of a wise selection of the manufacturer and their factory location, mainly by selecting a factory located as close as possible. However, in practice, there are also other factors which need to be considered when choosing a supplier. Moreover, allowing the user to not be an LCA expert but to be the one who develops the design solutions, based on the “End-User” idea in the “Anavitor Concept” applied in this study, has novel benefits. By implementing LCA analysis during the architectural and structural design process, additional quantified environmental results can be instantly considered as additional causal numerical factors in the design process and directly affect executive decisions in earlier design stages for environmental matter as well. “Anavitor Concept” is a game changer regarding LCA in the construction sector. A future where every consulting building company around the globe would have access to open verified regulated environmental database and simply with their BIM model would be able to receive immediate quantified and verified environmental impact outputs in the early stages of design by the designers themselves and not LCA expert consultant, is an environmental dream come true. The “Anavitor Concept” should be adopted and expend outside the Swedish market and the environmental database should be adapted and modified to each national construction market around the globe.

The mitochondrial genome of the nematode Romanomermis culicivorax encodes for miniaturized hairpin-like tRNA molecules that lack D- as well as T-arms, strongly deviating from the consensus cloverleaf. The single tRNA nucleotidyltransferase of this organism is fully active on armless tRNAs, while the human counterpart is not able to add a complete CCA-end. Transplanting single regions of the Romanomermis enzyme into the human counterpart, we identified a beta-turn element of the catalytic core that—when inserted into the human enzyme—confers full CCA-adding activity on armless tRNAs. This region, originally identified to position the 30 -end of the tRNA primer in the catalytic core, dramatically increases the enzyme’s substrate affinity. While conventional tRNA substrates bind to the enzyme by interactions with the T-arm, this is not possible in the case of armless tRNAs, and the strong contribution of the beta-turn compensates for an otherwise too weak interaction required for the addition of a complete CCA-terminus. This compensation demonstrates the remarkable evolutionary plasticity of the catalytic core elements of this enzyme to adapt to unconventional tRNA substrates.

Background: To allow an immediate treatment of an infection with suitable antibiotics and bactericides or fungicides, there is an urgent need for fast and precise identification of the causative human pathogens. Methods based on DNA sequence comparison like 16S rRNA analysis have become standard tools for pathogen verification. However, the distinction of closely related organisms remains a challenging task. To overcome such limitations, we identified a new genomic target sequence located in the single copy gene for tRNA nucleotidyltransferase fulfilling the requirements for a ubiquitous, yet highly specific DNA marker. In the present study, we demonstrate that this sequence marker has a higher discriminating potential than commonly used genotyping markers in pro- as well as eukaryotes, underscoring its applicability as an excellent diagnostic tool in infectology. Results: Based on phylogenetic analyses, a region within the gene for tRNA nucleotidyltransferase (CCA-adding enzyme) was identified as highly heterogeneous. As prominent examples for pro- and eukaryotic pathogens, several Vibrio and Aspergillus species were used for genotyping and identification in a multiplex PCR approach followed by gel electrophoresis and fluorescence-based product detection. Compared to rRNA analysis, the selected gene region of the tRNA nucleotidyltransferase revealed a seven to 30-fold higher distinction potential between closely related Vibrio or Aspergillus species, respectively. The obtained data exhibit a superb genome specificity in the diagnostic analysis. Even in the presence of a 1,000-fold excess of human genomic DNA, no unspecific amplicons were produced. Conclusions: These results indicate that a relatively short segment of the coding region for tRNA nucleotidyltransferase has a higher discriminatory potential than most established diagnostic DNA markers. Besides identifying microbial pathogens in infections, further possible applications of this new marker are food hygiene controls or metagenome analyses.

<p>Denna rapport är resultatet av en analys som gjorts vid Vest-Woods fabrik i Forserum under våren 2007 i syfte att reducera interna transporter. Vest-Wood AB i Forserum tillverkar dörrar för den svenska marknaden men förser också en annan fabrik (Sdr</p><p>Felding i Danmark) i samma koncern med dörrstommar. Materialhantering för att förse Sdr Felding fabriken med dörrstommar medför i dagsläget mycket interna transporter i Forserumsfabriken. För att klara ojämn efterfrågan från Sdr Felding fabriken samt för att kunna jämna ut sin egen produktion har Forserumsfabriken valt</p><p>att lagerföra de tolv artiklar som beställs mest frekvent från Sdr Felding fabriken. Buffertlagret vid Forserumsfabriken där artiklarna lagerförs är placerat ca 200 m från produktionen vilket medför mycket intern transport för hantering av dessa. Uppgiften</p><p>som Vest-Wood AB i Forserum ville ha analyserad var hur de kunde hitta ett mer ekonomsikt fördelaktigt upplägg av de interna transporterna inom fabriken i Forserum. För att kartlägga nuläget beräknades medelvärdet av buffertlagret baserat på inventerade lagersaldo från 2006. I samma buffertlager lagerförs den buffert som</p><p>skall täcka efterfrågan för den veckas extra semester som Forserumsfabriken har jämfört med Sdr Felding fabriken. Den semesterbufferten fick räknas bort. Efter att ha fastställt medelvärdet på buffertlagret kunde lagerhållningskostnaden beräknas.</p><p>I den del av Forserumsfabriken som vi analyserat sker tillverkning i tre flöden där de tolv lagerförda dörrstommarna tillverkas i två av dem. Vi räknade ut att total kapacitet i dessa båda och fann att det finns en möjlig extra kapacitet på 25 %. Med medelvärdet och möjlig extra kapacitet som underlag kunde ett förbättringsförslag</p><p>tas fram. Förbättringsförslaget handlar om att ta bort buffertlagret, som ett led i att minska de interna transporterna. Förbättringsförslaget förutsätter att samarbetet och insynen mellan fabriken i Sdr Felding och fabriken i Forserum förbättras.</p> / <p>This report is the result of an analysis made at Vest-Woods factory in Forserum during the spring of 2007 with the purpose to reduce internal transports. Vest-Wood AB in Forserum produces doors for the Swedish market but is also a supplier of doorframes to another factory (Sdr Felding in Denmark) in the same group of companies. The material handling for supplying the factory in Sdr Felding with</p><p>doorframes causes a lot of internal transports. The factory in Forserum has chosen to keep the twelve most ordered doorframes in stock to keep up with varying demand from the factory in Sdr Felding and to smooth their own manufacturing. The warehouse in Forserum, where the doorframes are stored, is placed 200 m from the</p><p>manufacturing site and that contributes to the internal transport. The assignment that Vest-Wood AB in Forserum wanted analysed was how they could find a more beneficial arrangement of the internal transports from an economic point of view. To define the present situation we calculated the mean value based on inventory data</p><p>from 2006. The factory in Forserum is closed for one more week than the factory in Sdr Felding is during the summer. For that reason, a buffer is built to cover the demand from the factory in Sdr Felding during this week. This buffer is also kept in the warehouse. That buffer was subtracted from the inventory results. When the mean</p><p>value of the warehouse had been calculated, the yearly cost of storing the doorframes could be calculated. There are three different flows in that part of the factory in Forserum where our analysis has taken place. Production of the twelve doorframes</p><p>takes place in two of them. We calculated total capacity in these two flows and found that they have potential extra capacity of 25 %.</p><p>With the mean value of the warehouse and the potential extra capacity in the production we could work out a proposal of improvement. The proposal treats how to remove the warehouse as a way of reducing internal transports. The proposal assumes</p><p>that the collaboration and insight between the factory in Sdr Felding and the factory in Forserum is improved.</p>