Anotation This thesis deals with autism spectrum disorders and social residential services, special homes. In the theoretical part, the basic information is about social services in Czech Republic. Another chapter is devoted to autism and its forms. The following chapter is devoted to workers in direct care and burnout syndrom, which are at risk. In the theoretical part I further develop the theme of problem behavior and subsequent restrictive measures that are working with people affected by autism sometimes unavoidable. In the practical part describes the day to day running of The Home Libčice, which is designed for stay of persons with autism associated with problem behavior. There is investigated the possible influence of stay in this facility for troubled client behavior. Key words: Aggressiveness Autism Burnout syndrom Homes with special regime Restriction

Dans cette recherche, je me propose d'interroger la méthode Photolangage©, dispositif à médiation thérapeutique, comme outil pour favoriser les processus de lien et de symbolisation dans la situation groupale. L'idée est d'observer à l'œuvre de manière profitable ses fonctions de contenance et transformation de la réalité psychique et, en particulier, la possibilité de double contenance - de la part du groupe et de l'objet médiateur - de mouvements pulsionnels intenses et à leur transformation à travers ce type de dispositif. L'objet de la recherche traite donc des potentialités d'une telle technique thérapeutique et de comment, ce type de dispositif peut contenir et transformer - et éventuellement prévenir - les manifestations agressives, voire violentes, des sujets qui prennent part à l'expérience. Pour ce faire, j’ai participé à la mise en place et la co-animation d’un groupe d'adolescents engagés dans des agirs sexuels violents. Je présenterai ainsi le cas d'un dispositif expérimental et original d'un petit groupe avec des mineurs auteurs de violence sexuelle dont le cadre prévoyait l'alternance de séances de groupe de parole et de séances à médiation Photolangage©. L'observation et l'analyse d'un tel dispositif et d'une telle clinique permettent de mettre en évidence les processus en jeu dans ce cadre singulier et de mettre l'accent sur l'apport de la médiation par la photographie au sein d'une telle prise en charge. Le Photolangage© sera présenté dans sa double fonction de dispositif de soin et de recherche. Le rapport entre image et imaginaire et entre image et affect sera le noyau à partir duquel j'aborderai la question de la transformation de ces mêmes affects et de la violence. Il s'agit alors d'apporter la preuve de la pertinence et de l'efficacité de ces groupes spécifiques et de leur capacité à mieux contenir la violence que les dispositifs individuels, comment de mieux gérer et transformer, en vue d'une meilleure intégration sociale des sujets. / This research explores the use of Photolangage© as a therapeutic tool for promoting relational processes and the development of symbolisation in group settings. Its capacity to hold and transform psychic reality is examined, particularly the possibility of dual holding of intense drives - by the group and by the mediating object – and of their transformation through the use of this kind of therapeutic method. The potential of such a therapeutic technique is explored, how it can contain, transform and perhaps even predict aggressive or violent behaviours in participants of the group. To this end, I took part in setting up and co-leading a therapy group for adolescents who engage in violent sexual acts. The case study presents an experimental and innovative small group therapy structure, with sexually aggressive minors, which was organised so that verbal sessions alternated with Photolangage© sessions. Observation and analysis of this method and this clinical practise bring to light the processes at work within this unusual framework, and highlight the role that mediation via photography can play at the heart of therapeutic support groups.This research presents the dual functions of Photolangage© as therapeutic and research methodology. The relationship between image and imagination, and between image and emotion, form the core from which questions about transformation of emotions and violence are broached. The relevance and efficiency of these specific groups and their capacity to contain and hold violence better than individual therapy structures is explored; how to better manage and transform, for improved social integration of our patients.

This study examined the consequences of self-image failure among narcissistic children. It was hypothesized that narcissistic children who perceive themselves as falling short of their hoped-for grandiose self (e.g., whose self-esteem is low) would not only increase over time in general aggression and decrease prosocial behavior, but also increase in the tendency to direct aggression specifically toward more socially successful peers (i.e., their putative rivals for social status). Participants were 195 (101 boys) fourth through seventh-graders who were tested in both the fall and the spring of a school year. Results yielded some support for the hypotheses. Narcissism combined with low self-appraisals of the real self to predict decreases in prosocial behavior and increased aggression toward popular and attractive peers. These findings not only provide longitudinal evidence for the self-image failure hypothesis but also underscore the importance of a target-specific approach to investigating children's aggression. / by Rachel E. Pauletti. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2013. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:37:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarisse Carneiro Cavalcanti de Melo.pdf: 1105876 bytes, checksum: 723f07f1c21418199478ccc2afd5b73c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-07 / This paper aims to research the concept of aggression both as a condition of development and as a barrier for the psychic constitution. I try to articulate this concept with the relationships established between the child and their love objects, exploring more precisely the anguishes of loss and separations from the object. I work with the hypothesis that when the process of separation from the object of love can be well experienced, it opens up something like a psychic space into the ego that allows the recognition of a difference between ego and object. I also try to think about the deviations of those processes of separation from the maternal object in which some dynamics are supported, dynamics where the separation of the object is equated to fantasies of expulsion and rejection, situation that is fertile ground to create psychological barriers to psychic growth causing a banishment of the contact with the anguishes related to the loss of the object. The basic idea of this work is that, when aggression can not be experienced based on a psychic-well-being, it can easily turns into something that fills out the consciousness of the separation from the objet of love. This prevents the contact with the feelings of the object s dependency, feelings of helplessness, rejection, abandonment and with the anguishes of loss and separation, making impossible for them to be recognized and worked-through. Therefore, aggression cannot become a source of creative power. It creates an obstacle to psychic development, for the expansion and growth of the mind. In this way, aggression can even be used as an attempt to immobilize the object, eliminating the anguishes of the objet loss, leading to circular psychic movements that prevent the contact with a discriminated object, paralyzing the psychic operation. We looked also to discuss, throughout this work, the different possibilities of aggressions transformation, opening the horizon to some symbolic destinations, for the development of the thought and for the repair. This research is based on a psychoanalytical approach, and in this journey, authors like Sigmund Freud, Donald Winnicott, Melanie Klein, and many others contemporaries like Andre Green, Jean Michel Quinodoz, Luis Claudio Figueiredo, Renato Mezan, Elisa Cintra, to name a few, were my fellows, in which work I found evidence to support this thesis theoretically. Far from exhausting the subject of study proposed here, this paper aims to trouble it, in order to broaden discussions and clinicaltheoretical joints around the same / Este trabalho tem como objetivo pesquisar o conceito da agressividade tanto como condição de desenvolvimento quanto como entrave do acontecer psíquico. Para tanto, procuro articular o conceito estudado às relações estabelecidas entre a criança e seus objetos de amor, explorando mais propriamente os processos de elaboração das angústias de perda e separação do objeto. Trabalho com a hipótese de que quando o processo de separação do objeto de amor pode ser vivenciado com tranquilidade, abrese um espaço psíquico no ego que permite o reconhecimento e o acolhimento de uma mínima diferença entre ego e objeto. A partir de recortes clínicos, procuro pensar sobre os extravios do processo de separação do objeto materno em se sustentam dinâmicas onde a separação do objeto fica equacionada a fantasias de expulsão e rejeição, situação que constitui terreno fértil para que a agressividade seja experimentada de forma a criar obstáculos ao crescimento psíquico, ao provocar um tamponamento das angústias relacionadas à perda do objeto. A ideia de base deste trabalho é a de que, quando a agressividade não pode ser experimentada em uma base psíquica de bem-estar, ela pode se converter facilmente em uma forma de preencher a consciência da separação do objeto de amor, obturando o contato com sentimentos de dependência do objeto, de desamparo, rejeição e abandono e com as angústias de perda e de separação, impossibilitando que estas possam ser reconhecidas e elaboradas. Desta forma, a agressividade não pode se converter em potência criativa e cria um entrave para o desenvolvimento psíquico, para a expansão e para o crescimento da mente. Pode inclusive ser utilizada a serviço de uma tentativa de imobilizar o objeto de amor e eliminar sua perda, conduzindo o psiquismo a movimentos paralisantes e circulares que impedem o contato com um objeto discriminado, com as diferenças vitalizantes. Procuro ainda discutir, ao longo deste trabalho, as possíveis transformações da agressividade, abrindo o horizonte para os destinos simbólicos, para o pensamento e para a reparação. Esta pesquisa se fundamenta no referencial psicanalítico e, nesta jornada, foram meus companheiros autores como Sigmund Freud, Donald Winnicott, Melanie Klein e tantos outros contemporâneos como André Green, Jean Michel Quinodoz, Luis Claudio Figueiredo, Renato Mezan, Elisa Cintra, para citar apenas alguns, nos quais encontrei elementos para sustentar teoricamente este trabalho. Longe de exaurir o objeto de estudo aqui proposto, visa-se antes problematizá-lo, no intuito de ampliar as reflexões e as articulações teórico-clínicas em torno do mesmo

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gisela Augusta Barbeiro.pdf: 586326 bytes, checksum: 6d338524229489faeff3453cc2980c11 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-02 / Universidade Estadual Paulista J?lio de Mesquita Filho / The objective of this research is to identify and understand how the subjective senses of kindergarten children are constituted. This research uses the concept of the Theory of subjectivity from Gonz?lez Rey as its foundation, and it focuses in the identification of the cores of senses of the participating children and the social subjectivity as in important element of this constitution. The Qualitative Epistemology in as used to understand the information, derived from two cases studies: the first one with a focus an aggressiveness and the second one focusing on the self-esteem. The research also displays an overview of the social aspect of the group. Sixteen children, age from five to six years old, of the same class of a Children s Education Institute in Campinas participated, and the methodological instruments used were observation of the individuals, puppet theatre (drama), elaboration of a sociograma and free drawing with intent of corroborating the answers from the children to the teacher and pedagogical coordination of the institute also participated in free discussion meetings, and were very important to understand the characteristics of the participating children. The present essay show that elements of the social subjectivity are determining factors to the constitution of the individual s subjective configurations and that the existence of the other as a beaver of subjective senses also contributes to the constitution of the individual subjective. / O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar e entender como se constituem os sentidos subjetivos de crian?as pr? escolares. Nesta pesquisa embasou-se no conceito da Teoria da Subjetividade de Gonz?lez Rey, e enfocou as identifica??es dos n?cleos de sentidos para as crian?as participantes, a subjetividade social como elemento importante para esta constitui??o. A Epistemologia Qualitativa foi a utilizada para compreender as informa??es que foram constru?das em dois estudos de caso: o primeiro com enfoque na agressividade e o segundo na auto-estima. A pesquisa tamb?m mostra uma vis?o geral sobre o aspecto social do grupo. Participaram 16 crian?as com cinco e seis anos de uma mesma classe de uma Institui??o de Educa??o Infantil de Campinas, e os instrumentos metodol?gicos utilizados foram observa??o participante, teatro de fantoches, a elabora??o de um sociograma e desenho livre com o intuito de corroborar as respostas dadas pelas crian?as no sociograma. A professora a coordena??o pedag?gica da institui??o tamb?m participaram em encontros de conversa??o livre e foram fundamentais para a compreens?o das caracter?sticas das crian?as participantes. O presente estudo mostrou que elementos da subjetividade social s?o fatores determinantes para a constitui??o das configura??es subjetivas do individuo e que a exist?ncia do outro como portador de sentidos subjetivos tamb?m contribui para a constitui??o da subjetividade individual.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guilherme Tavares de Siqueira.pdf: 347003 bytes, checksum: f7e17653b495dda18e2fd08de1370122 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-15 / The aim of this study was to review the literature on hostility in the Jungian theoretical context. Medical research has linked hostility to psychosomatic illnesses, self-destructive behaviour and the increase in violence. The review of knowledge on this theme would enable the health professional to perform more consciously. The review of the literature was based mainly on journals linked to the International Association of Analytical Psychology (IAAP) database and classical Jungian authors. From the material examined we concluded that there is no conceptual precision on this theme. The terms hostility, anger, aggressiveness, hatred, rage and violence are confused with each other. Different researchers sometimes use the same term with different meanings. However, despite the lack of terminological precision, there is consensus in the understanding of these phenomena. Hostility is related to illnesses resulting from disturbances in the autonomic nervous system, to an increase in violence, to attacks on the environment and to a deficiency in the person s sense of humanity. Hostility in its constructive aspect is important for creativity, interaction with the environment, expansion of consciousness and consolidation of the ego. In its destructive aspect it can be related to dysfunctions that arise prematurely on the ego-Self axis. As a product of culture, hostility is also understood to be a result of the devaluation and repression of the body and affections, values which are traditionally associated with femininity and erotic dynamics. Finally we emphasize the importance of studying hostility both on an individual level and collectively / Este estudo teve como objetivo fazer uma revisão de literatura sobre hostilidade, no referencial teórico junguiano. Pesquisas médicas têm relacionado a hostilidade a doenças psicossomáticas, comportamentos auto-destrutivos e ao aumento da violência. A revisão do conhecimento sobre o tema possibilitaria uma atuação mais consciente do profissional de saúde. A revisão da literatura foi baseada, principalmente, em revistas especializadas vinculadas à base de dados da International Association of Analythical Psychology (IAAP) e autores junguianos clássicos. Concluímos a partir do material levantado que não existe uma precisão conceitual em torno do tema. Os termos hostilidade, raiva, agressividade, ódio, ira e violência são confundidos. Pesquisadores distintos, por vezes, utilizam um mesmo termo com significados diferentes. Contudo, apesar da imprecisão terminológica, existe uma unidade na compreensão destes fenômenos. A hostilidade está relacionada a doenças decorrentes de alterações no sistema nervoso autônomo, aumento da violência, agressões ao meio-ambiente e a um senso de humanidade pouco intenso. A hostilidade em seu aspecto construtivo é importante para a criatividade, interação com o meio-ambiente, amplificação da consciência e consolidação do ego. No seu aspecto destrutivo pode estar relacionada a disfunções que se instalam precocemente no eixo ego-Si-mesmo. Como produto da cultura, a hostilidade também é entendida como conseqüência da desvalorização e repressão do corpo e dos afetos, valores tradicionalmente associados ao feminino e a dinâmica erótica. Por fim, destacamos a importância de se estudar a hostilidade tanto no nível individual como coletivamente

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar se as raças de cães popularmente consideradas agressivas apresentam maiores níveis circulantes de testosterona que as raças consideradas dóceis ou afáveis, discutindo os tipos de comportamento agressivo em que a presença de maiores níveis desse andrógeno poderia determinar uma maior predisposição à manifestação da agressividade. Foram utilizados 217 animais adultos, sendo 113 machos e 104 fêmeas, com idade entre um e 10 anos, que foram divididos em dois grupos distintos: grupo agressivo representados por cinco raças que apresentam agressividade alta a muito alta (Rottweiler, Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Pastor Alemão e Fila Brasileiro) e grupo não agressivo representada por seis raças que apresentam agressividade baixa a moderada (Labrador, Golden Retriever, Beagle, Bulldog Inglês, Poodle e Cocker). Após colheita de sangue e preparo das amostras, as concentrações séricas de testosterona foram determinadas por meio de Radioimunoensaio (RIE), no Laboratório de Dosagens Hormonais (LDH), FMVZ-USP. Os testes estatísticos foram realizados utilizando-se o programa computacional Statististical Analysis System (SAS). Não houve diferença significativa entre as concentrações séricas de testosterona entre cães de um a oito anos de idade, nem entre cães de raças agressivas e não agressivas, porém, ao se comparar as raças individualmente, os cães das raças Rottweilwer e Beagle apresentaram maiores concentrações de testosterona sérica que os cães das demais raças (p<0,05). Concluiu-se que a concentração sérica de testosterona não pode ser utilizada como preditora do comportamento agressivo das raças Rottweiler, Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Pastor Alemão e Fila Brasileiro. É importante a divulgação e conscientização da população sobre posse responsável. / The aim of the present study was to evaluate if the canine breeds commonly considered aggressive have higher levels of circulating testosterone than the manageable ones, and to discuss about the kinds of aggressive behavior that testosterone could be involved. It was used 217 adult animals (113 males and 104 females), between one and ten years old, that was divided in two groups: the aggressive group, represented by five breeds that are classified as having high and very high aggressive behavior (Rottweiler, Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Pastor Alemão e Fila Brasileiro) and the non-aggressive group, represented by six breeds that have short to moderate aggressive behavior. After the blood samples be collected and prepared, the serum testosterone was measured by Radioimmunoassay (RIA), at the Laboratorio de Dosagens Hormonais (LDH), FMVZ- USP. The statistical tests were done by the use of the computational program Statistical Analysis System (SAS). There weren`t any significant difference of the seric testosterone concentration neither between one and eight year old males, nor between the aggressive and non-aggressive canine breeds. Comparing the breeds individually, the Rottweiler and the Beagle dogs presented higher testosterone levels than the dogs of other breeds (p<0,05). It could be concluded that the seric testosterone couldn`t be used as a predictor factor to the aggressive behavior of the Rottweiler, Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Pastor Alemão e Fila Brasileiro dogs. The discussion about the responsibility necessary to have a domestic animal is very important.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar se as raças de cães popularmente consideradas agressivas apresentam maiores níveis circulantes de testosterona que as raças consideradas dóceis ou afáveis, discutindo os tipos de comportamento agressivo em que a presença de maiores níveis desse andrógeno poderia determinar uma maior predisposição à manifestação da agressividade. Foram utilizados 217 animais adultos, sendo 113 machos e 104 fêmeas, com idade entre um e 10 anos, que foram divididos em dois grupos distintos: grupo agressivo representados por cinco raças que apresentam agressividade alta a muito alta (Rottweiler, Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Pastor Alemão e Fila Brasileiro) e grupo não agressivo representada por seis raças que apresentam agressividade baixa a moderada (Labrador, Golden Retriever, Beagle, Bulldog Inglês, Poodle e Cocker). Após colheita de sangue e preparo das amostras, as concentrações séricas de testosterona foram determinadas por meio de Radioimunoensaio (RIE), no Laboratório de Dosagens Hormonais (LDH), FMVZ-USP. Os testes estatísticos foram realizados utilizando-se o programa computacional Statististical Analysis System (SAS). Não houve diferença significativa entre as concentrações séricas de testosterona entre cães de um a oito anos de idade, nem entre cães de raças agressivas e não agressivas, porém, ao se comparar as raças individualmente, os cães das raças Rottweilwer e Beagle apresentaram maiores concentrações de testosterona sérica que os cães das demais raças (p<0,05). Concluiu-se que a concentração sérica de testosterona não pode ser utilizada como preditora do comportamento agressivo das raças Rottweiler, Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Pastor Alemão e Fila Brasileiro. É importante a divulgação e conscientização da população sobre posse responsável. / The aim of the present study was to evaluate if the canine breeds commonly considered aggressive have higher levels of circulating testosterone than the manageable ones, and to discuss about the kinds of aggressive behavior that testosterone could be involved. It was used 217 adult animals (113 males and 104 females), between one and ten years old, that was divided in two groups: the aggressive group, represented by five breeds that are classified as having high and very high aggressive behavior (Rottweiler, Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Pastor Alemão e Fila Brasileiro) and the non-aggressive group, represented by six breeds that have short to moderate aggressive behavior. After the blood samples be collected and prepared, the serum testosterone was measured by Radioimmunoassay (RIA), at the Laboratorio de Dosagens Hormonais (LDH), FMVZ- USP. The statistical tests were done by the use of the computational program Statistical Analysis System (SAS). There weren`t any significant difference of the seric testosterone concentration neither between one and eight year old males, nor between the aggressive and non-aggressive canine breeds. Comparing the breeds individually, the Rottweiler and the Beagle dogs presented higher testosterone levels than the dogs of other breeds (p<0,05). It could be concluded that the seric testosterone couldn`t be used as a predictor factor to the aggressive behavior of the Rottweiler, Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Pastor Alemão e Fila Brasileiro dogs. The discussion about the responsibility necessary to have a domestic animal is very important.

The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of the initial screening process that occurs during dating interactions, and to measure the perceptions of different communication styles that individuals use during such interactions. A review of current literature focused on attractiveness of potential mates, ambivalent sexism theory, gender stereotypes, and communication theory. The present study examined how individuals view others’ approaches in initial dating interactions, and which of these approaches are most effective for increasing the target’s interest in spending time with the pursuer. A pilot study involving 45 undergraduate psychology students from Western Kentucky University was conducted to evaluate the validity of the Dating Initiation Questionnaire (DIQ), which was created for this study. In the final study, one hundred and fifty two undergraduate psychology students from Western Kentucky University completed measures of sexism, social desirability, and dating initiation preference. Results showed that both communication theory and ambivalent sexism theory were relevant in dating initiations. Consistent with previous communication research, assertive communication was rated as more effective than aggressive and passive communication in the initial interactions that occur in heterosexual dating initiations. This suggests it is best to use assertive communication as a first choice in dating interactions. Further analyses showed that females were more likely to rate assertive and passive initiations as more effective than aggressive dating initiations, while males were more likely than females to rate aggressive initiations as more effective than passive initiations, and to rate aggressive initiations as more effective than assertive initiations. Stronger ambivalent sexist beliefs were associated with higher ratings for aggressive dating initiations. Therefore, individuals who held negative attitudes toward non-traditional women and positive attitudes toward gender stereotypical women preferred aggressive dating initiations. Such individuals may approach others in an aggressive manner. One could argue that, to prevent such harassment, individuals should be educated about communication styles and gender equality. Future research should focus on applying such interventions to males and females, and on revising the intervention to suit individuals with sexist beliefs toward women and men.

This doctoral thesis consists of four papers. Strategic behavior across gender: A comparison of female and male expert chess players analyzes gender differences in risk behavior in chess. We use a panel data set with 1.4 million games. Most notably, the data contains an objective measure of individual playing skill. We find that women are more risk averse and that men choose riskier strategies when playing against female opponents even though this reduces their winning probability. Gender differences in time preference and inconsistency among expert chess players presents findings on gender differences in time preference and inconsistency in chess. Impatience is estimated by measuring preferences for game durations while inconsistency by exploiting the 40th move time control. The results reveal that men are more impatient while women are more time inconsistent. Moreover, the difference in impatience increases with expertise while the difference in inconsistency decreases. Beauty queens and battling knights: Risk taking and attractiveness in chess explores the relationship between attractiveness and risk taking in chess. We examine whether people use riskier strategies when playing with attractive opponents and whether this affects performance. Our results suggest that male, but not female, chess players choose significantly riskier strategies when playing against an attractive female opponent, although this does not improve their performance. Strategic Learning in Repeated Chess Games, examines if chess players in repeated games with the same opponent, learn about the opponent’s type and adapt future strategies accordingly. It also shows how matching background characteristics affect the choice of strategy. The findings show that chess players learn about the opponent’s type. Players with similar background characteristics coordinate better than players of different gender or nationality but this difference decreases as the players update their beliefs. / At the time of doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows:Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.