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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Influ?ncia da coes?o/adaptabilidade familiar, de fatores sociodemogr?ficos e comportamentais na preval?ncia de c?rie dent?ria em pr?-escolares / Influence of family cohesion/adaptability, sociodemografics and behavioral factors in the prevalence of dental caries in preschool children

Alencar, Bruna Mota de 09 July 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Nivaldo Melo (nivaldo.melo@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-11-27T22:07:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 bruna_mota_alencar.pdf: 1299407 bytes, checksum: 68d1fc673481812ec5ce638730779149 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-02T11:25:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 bruna_mota_alencar.pdf: 1299407 bytes, checksum: 68d1fc673481812ec5ce638730779149 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-02T11:25:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 bruna_mota_alencar.pdf: 1299407 bytes, checksum: 68d1fc673481812ec5ce638730779149 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A qualidade emocional das rela??es familiares pode afetar os comportamentos de sa?de bucal. Os estudos que investigaram fatores familiares associados ? sa?de bucal n?o aprofundaram em quest?es psicossociais. A compreens?o dessa associa??o pode indicar os caminhos para promo??o de sa?de, enfatizando a necessidade de a??es multidisciplinares, melhorando, assim, a sa?de bucal da popula??o. Particularmente em crian?as pr?-escolares, que dependem do cuidado de sua fam?lia, a investiga??o da influ?ncia de fatores psicossociais familiares sobre a preval?ncia de doen?a bucal ? importante. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influ?ncia da coes?o/adaptabilidade familiar, de fatores sociodemogr?ficos e de comportamentos relacionados ? sa?de bucal sobre a preval?ncia de c?rie dent?ria n?o tratada em crian?as pr?-escolares. Para isso, uma amostra representativa de 461 crian?as foi recrutada em creches e pr?-escolas na cidade de Diamantina, Brasil. A presen?a de c?rie n?o tratada foi detectada pelos crit?rios do Sistema Internacional de Avalia??o e Detec??o de C?rie (International Caries Detection and Assessment System- ICDAS II). Informa??es sociodemogr?ficas, tais como caracter?sticas da crian?a, escolaridade materna, renda e n?mero de pessoas que vivem da renda, bem como informa??es relacionadas a comportamentos de sa?de bucal tamb?m foram investigadas. A coes?o/adaptabilidade familiar foi investigada por meio do Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES III) que classifica as fam?lias, de acordo com o seu funcionamento, em balanceadas, moderadamente balanceadas e n?o balanceadas. An?lise descritiva e modelo de regress?o de Poisson foram utilizados para an?lise dos dados. A preval?ncia de c?rie n?o tratada foi de 30,6%. A An?lise multivariada mostrou que crian?as que pertenciam a fam?lias n?o balanceadas, classificadas de acordo com o FACES III, tinham maior preval?ncia de les?es n?o tratadas de c?rie dent?ria (RP: 1,49; IC95%: 1,01-2,20; p= 0.045). Al?m disso, rendas familiares de dois a menos de cinco sal?rios m?nimos ( RP: 2,80; IC95%: 1,16-6,75; p=0 .021), de um a menos de dois sal?rios m?nimos (RP: 4,15; IC95%: 1,73-9,85; p= 0.001) e menor do que um sal?rio m?nimo (RP: 4,07; IC95%: 1,65-10,00; p= 0.002) tamb?m foram associadas com a presen?a de les?es n?o tratadas de c?rie dent?ria em crian?as pr?-escolares. Concluiu-se que crian?as pr?-escolares de fam?lias n?o balanceadas tinham maior preval?ncia de c?rie dent?ria n?o tratada. Al?m disso, menores rendas familiares foram fatores de risco para a presen?a de c?rie n?o tratada em crian?as pr?-escolares. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / ABSTRACT The emotional quality of family relationships can affect the behaviors related to oral health. Studies investigating family factors associated with oral health have not deepened in the psychosocial issues. The understanding of this association can indicate the pathways to health promotion, emphasizing the necessity of multidisciplinary actions to improve oral health in the population. Especially in preschool children, which depend on the care of their family, the investigation of family-related psychosocial factors and the occurrence of oral disease is important. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of familiar cohesion/adaptability, sociodemographic factors and of behaviors related to oral heath on the prevalence of untreated dental caries in preschool children. For this, a representative sample of 461 children were recruited in day care centre/preschools in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. The presence of untreated caries were detected by the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) criteria. Sociodemografic information, such as children characteristics, maternal level of education, income and number of people living of the same income, as well as information related to oral health behavior were also investigated. The family cohesion/adaptability was investigated by the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES III) which classifies the families according to their functioning, in balanced, moderately balanced, and not balanced. Descriptive analyses and Poisson regression models were used to analyze the data. The prevalence of untreated dental caries was of 30,6%. The multivariate analyses showed that children belonged to unbalanced families, classified according to FACES, had a greater frequency of untreated dental caries (1,01-2,20; p=0.045). Furthermore, family income from 2 to less than 5 minimum salaries (RP:2,80; IC 95%:1,16-6,75; p=0.021), from one to two minimum salaries (RP: 4,15; IC95%: 1,73-9,85; p= 0.001) and less than one minimum salary (RP: 4,07; IC95%: 1,65-10,00; p= 0.002) were also associated with the presence of untreated caries lesions in preschool children. In conclusion, preschool children of unbalanced families had greater untreated dental caries prevalence. Futhermore, smaller family incomes were pointed as risk factors for presence of untreated caries in preschool children. Keywords: dental caries, preschools children, family functioning.
2

Comportamento l?dico como indicador de desempenho infantil: influ?ncia da fam?lia, ambiente escolar e condi??es de trabalho das professoras de creches p?blicas de Diamantina (MG) / Play of preschool children: family influence, school environment and working conditions of teachers of public day care centers in Diamantina (MG)

Lemos, Ang?lica Carvalho 01 September 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-08-08T17:58:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) angelica_carvalho_lemos.pdf: 2557666 bytes, checksum: 85ed84ff157451661cd59649442c2383 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-10-05T19:16:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) angelica_carvalho_lemos.pdf: 2557666 bytes, checksum: 85ed84ff157451661cd59649442c2383 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-05T19:16:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) angelica_carvalho_lemos.pdf: 2557666 bytes, checksum: 85ed84ff157451661cd59649442c2383 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Introdu??o: Na medida em que se reconhece a import?ncia das creches no desenvolvimento integral de crian?as at? cinco anos de idade, ? evidente a preocupa??o com o impacto do trabalho prec?rio dos professores na garantia da oferta de oportunidades de estimula??o das crian?as frequentes em creche. Objetivo: Examinar associa??es entre o comportamento l?dico de crian?as de creches p?blicas e fatores individuais da crian?a, est?mulos do ambiente familiar, ambiente creche e condi??es de trabalho das professoras que atuavam nas turmas das respectivas crian?as. M?todo: A amostra aleat?ria e representativa incluiu 131 crian?as com faixa et?ria 18 a 36 meses e 14 professoras, frequentes em seis creches p?blicas. O brincar foi avaliado pela Escala L?dica Pr?-escolar de Knox- revisada, adaptada culturalmente para o Brasil e nas quatro dimens?es: dom?nio espacial, dom?nio material, faz-de-conta/jogo simb?lico e participa??o; para as oportunidades de estimula??o do ambiente familiar adotou o question?rio Affordances in the Home Enviroment for Motor Development (AHEMD); o ambiente creche foi avaliado pela Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale ? Revised Edition (ITERS-R); ainda de question?rio estruturado elaborado exclusivamente para pesquisa para professoras de creche contendo quest?es sociodemogr?ficas, condi??es de trabalho e fatores psicossociais do trabalho. A an?lise multivariada adotou o modelo Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) com entrada hier?rquica das vari?veis. Resultados e Discuss?o: A preval?ncia de defasagem no comportamento l?dico foi de 18 % (n = 24 crian?as) com desvantagens em crian?as com idade inferior a 24 meses. O comportamento l?dico apresentou m?dia de 70,3 (desvio padr?o [DP]=19,9), a dimens?o participa??o apresentou menor m?dia de 60,4 (desvio padr?o [DP=27]. As vari?veis faixa et?ria da crian?a, escolaridade paterna, escolaridade materna, n?mero de cursos realizados pelas professoras e estresse ocupacional permaneceram associadas ao comportamento l?dico. A associa??o entre estresse ocupacional e o comportamento l?dico ? preocupante, uma vez que a precariza??o do trabalho docente pode comprometer o brincar de crian?as de 18 a 36 meses que frequentam creche. Adequa??es na organiza??o de trabalho e atua??es interdisciplinares entre profissionais da sa?de e educa??o faz-se necess?rias. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Reabilita??o e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / Introduction: As you get to know the importance of kindergartens in full-time education of children up to six years old, it gets evident the concern about the impact of the weak work from the teachers on the assurance of development. Objective: Examine associations between performance of children?s playing in municipal daycare and encouragement in family?s environment, environment in daycare and tutor?s work conditions in educational centers for children in Diamantina. Method: The random and representative sample included 131 children aged 18 to 36 months and 14 female teachers, attending six public day care centers. The play was evaluated by the Knox-Revised Preschool Play Scale, culturally adapted to Brazil and in the four dimensions: spatial domain, material domain, make-believe / symbolic play and participation; for the opportunities of stimulation of the family environment adopted the questionnaire Affordances in the Home Enviroment for Motor Development (AHEMD); the nursery environment was evaluated by the Infant / Toddler Environment Rating Scale - Revised Edition (ITERS-R); yet a structured questionnaire elaborated exclusively for research for daycare teachers containing sociodemographic questions, working conditions and psychosocial factors of work. The multivariate analysis adopted the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model with hierarchical input of the variables. Results and Discussion: The prevalence of gaps in play behavior was 18% (n = 24 children) with disadvantages in children less than 24 months old. The participation rate presented a mean of 60.3 (standard deviation [SD = 27].) The participation rate presented a mean of 60.3 (standard deviation [SD = 27].) The variables age range of the child, paternal schooling, maternal schooling, number of courses performed by teachers and occupational stress remained associated with playful behavior. The association between occupational stress and play behavior is worrisome, since the precariousness of the teaching work can compromise the play of children from 18 to 36 months attending day care. Adequations in the organization of work and interdisciplinary actions among health professionals and education are necessary.
3

M? oclus?o e qualidade de vida em crian?as pr?-escolares / Malocclusion and quality of life in preschool children

Faria J?nior, M?rcio Alexandre Homem de 26 February 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T16:14:43Z No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) marcio.pdf: 2392777 bytes, checksum: daf29ad1dd5db2fd4e6522c5344543dc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T10:52:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) marcio.pdf: 2392777 bytes, checksum: daf29ad1dd5db2fd4e6522c5344543dc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T10:52:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) marcio.pdf: 2392777 bytes, checksum: daf29ad1dd5db2fd4e6522c5344543dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar um instrumento espec?fico para a avalia??o do impacto das m?s oclus?es na qualidade de vida, o Malocclusion Impact Scale for Early Childhood (MIS-EC), por meio do relato dos pais ou cuidadores de crian?as pr?-escolares. M?todos: A elabora??o do instrumento MIS-EC foi dividida em duas etapas: desenvolvimento e valida??o. Na etapa de desenvolvimento, 15 pesquisadores, 30 pais/cuidadores de crian?as com m? oclus?o e 30 pais/cuidadores de crian?as sem m? oclus?o avaliaram a relev?ncia de cada quest?o de um conjunto de 22 itens pr?-selecionados. A partir dos escores padronizados, as quest?es mais relevantes foram inclu?das no instrumento final. O MIS-EC foi, ent?o, aplicado a uma mostra de 230 pais para avaliar a validade discriminante (regress?o de Poisson), validade convergente (correla??o de Spearman) e a consist?ncia interna do instrumento (atrav?s do ?ndice Alpha de Cronbach). A an?lise de confiabilidade teste-reteste foi realizada em uma amostra de 20 pais usando o kappa ponderado para as vari?veis ordinais e o coeficiente de correla??o intraclasse (CCI) para os escores das se??es (crian?a e fam?lia) e o escore total do instrumento. Resultados: Os escores do MIS-EC (total e das se??es da crian?a e da fam?lia) apresentaram signific?ncia estat?stica com a avalia??o da sa?de bucal global e o bem-estar geral da crian?a. Crian?as com m? oclus?o apresentaram 5,68 vezes maior preval?ncia de MIS-EC ? 1 do que crian?as sem m? oclus?o, independentemente da presen?a de c?rie dent?ria e traumatismo. Os valores de Alpha de Cronbach para o escore total, impacto da crian?a e impacto da fam?lia do MIS-EC, foi de 0,85; 0,82 e 0,51, respectivamente. O coeficiente de correla??o intraclasse (ICC) para a confiabilidade do teste-reteste foi de 0,97. Conclus?o: O MIS-EC foi v?lido e confi?vel para a avalia??o do impacto das m?s oclus?es na qualidade de vida de crian?as pr?-escolares e suas fam?lias. Entretanto, s?o necess?rios mais estudos, realizados em outras popula??es, para o melhor estabelecimento das caracter?sticas t?cnicas do instrumento. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and assess the validity of a specific instrument to measure the impact of malocclusions on OHRQoL, the Malocclusion Impact Scale for Early Childhood (MIS-EC), trough the report of parents or caregivers of preschool children. Methods: The elaboration of MIS-EC was split in two stages: development and testing. In the development stage fifteen researchers, thirty parents/caregivers of children with malocclusion and thirty parents/caregivers of children without malocclusion evaluated the relevance of each question from a from a pool of 22 pre-selected items. To identify the most important questions for the composition of the final instrument, the standardized scores were obtained for each item. The MIS-EC was then administered to a sample of 230 parents to evaluate the discriminant validity (Poisson regression), convergent validity (Spearman?s correlation) and internal consistency (using Cronbach?s alpha). The analysis of test-retest reliability was performed on a sample of 20 parents using the weighted kappa for ordinal variables, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for scores of sections (child and family) and for the total score of the MIS-EC. Results: MIS-EC scores (total score, child?s section score and family?s section score) were statistically significant in assessing the child?s overall oral health and general well-being. Children with malocclusion had 5.68 times higher prevalence of MIS-EC ? 1 than children without malocclusion, regardless of the presence of dental caries and dental trauma. Cronbach's alphas for the total MIS-EC score, the child and family sections were respectively 0.85, 0.82 and 0.51. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability was 0.97. Conclusions: The MIS-EC performed well in assessing malocclusions? impacts on OHRQoL among children and their families. Studies in other populations are needed to further establish the instrument's technical properties.
4

Constitui??o dos sentidos subjetivos em crian?as pr?-escolares / Constitution of subjective senses in kindergarten aged children

Barbeiro, Gisela Augusta Paro Anderson 02 May 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gisela Augusta Barbeiro.pdf: 586326 bytes, checksum: 6d338524229489faeff3453cc2980c11 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-02 / Universidade Estadual Paulista J?lio de Mesquita Filho / The objective of this research is to identify and understand how the subjective senses of kindergarten children are constituted. This research uses the concept of the Theory of subjectivity from Gonz?lez Rey as its foundation, and it focuses in the identification of the cores of senses of the participating children and the social subjectivity as in important element of this constitution. The Qualitative Epistemology in as used to understand the information, derived from two cases studies: the first one with a focus an aggressiveness and the second one focusing on the self-esteem. The research also displays an overview of the social aspect of the group. Sixteen children, age from five to six years old, of the same class of a Children s Education Institute in Campinas participated, and the methodological instruments used were observation of the individuals, puppet theatre (drama), elaboration of a sociograma and free drawing with intent of corroborating the answers from the children to the teacher and pedagogical coordination of the institute also participated in free discussion meetings, and were very important to understand the characteristics of the participating children. The present essay show that elements of the social subjectivity are determining factors to the constitution of the individual s subjective configurations and that the existence of the other as a beaver of subjective senses also contributes to the constitution of the individual subjective. / O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar e entender como se constituem os sentidos subjetivos de crian?as pr? escolares. Nesta pesquisa embasou-se no conceito da Teoria da Subjetividade de Gonz?lez Rey, e enfocou as identifica??es dos n?cleos de sentidos para as crian?as participantes, a subjetividade social como elemento importante para esta constitui??o. A Epistemologia Qualitativa foi a utilizada para compreender as informa??es que foram constru?das em dois estudos de caso: o primeiro com enfoque na agressividade e o segundo na auto-estima. A pesquisa tamb?m mostra uma vis?o geral sobre o aspecto social do grupo. Participaram 16 crian?as com cinco e seis anos de uma mesma classe de uma Institui??o de Educa??o Infantil de Campinas, e os instrumentos metodol?gicos utilizados foram observa??o participante, teatro de fantoches, a elabora??o de um sociograma e desenho livre com o intuito de corroborar as respostas dadas pelas crian?as no sociograma. A professora a coordena??o pedag?gica da institui??o tamb?m participaram em encontros de conversa??o livre e foram fundamentais para a compreens?o das caracter?sticas das crian?as participantes. O presente estudo mostrou que elementos da subjetividade social s?o fatores determinantes para a constitui??o das configura??es subjetivas do individuo e que a exist?ncia do outro como portador de sentidos subjetivos tamb?m contribui para a constitui??o da subjetividade individual.
5

Sa?de bucal e qualidade de vida de crian?as pr?-escolares residentes de ?reas urbanas e rurais: estudo comparativo / Oral health and quality of life of preschool children living in rural and urban areas: a comparative study

Martins J?nior, Paulo Ant?nio January 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T16:14:44Z No. of bitstreams: 5 paulo.pdf: 587935 bytes, checksum: 87aa85ba53d81494c9eabf55750f07b7 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T10:41:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 paulo.pdf: 587935 bytes, checksum: 87aa85ba53d81494c9eabf55750f07b7 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T10:41:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 paulo.pdf: 587935 bytes, checksum: 87aa85ba53d81494c9eabf55750f07b7 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Uma sa?de bucal prec?ria pode afetar aspectos da vida di?ria das crian?as, como a capacidade mastigat?ria, o sono, o desempenho escolar, a intera??o social, a autoestima, bem como o peso e o crescimento. No entanto, h? poucas evid?ncias sobre a influ?ncia de problemas bucais no bem-estar biopsicossocial de pr?-escolares e suas fam?lias, sobretudo comparando aqueles que vivem em zonas urbanas e rurais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os fatores determinantes da qualidade de vida relacionada ? sa?de bucal (OHRQoL) de crian?as pr?-escolares e suas fam?lias residentes em zona urbana e em zonas rurais de extrema pobreza. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 391 crian?as, entre dois e cinco anos de idade, das zonas urbana e rural de Diamantina/MG, selecionadas aleatoriamente durante a Campanha Nacional de Vacina??o Infantil. Os pais das crian?as responderam ? vers?o brasileira do Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) e forneceram dados socioecon?micos. Exames cl?nicos das crian?as foram realizados para avaliar c?rie dent?ria, defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte, fluorose dent?ria, les?es ou varia??es de normalidade da mucosa bucal e m? oclus?o. An?lise estat?stica envolveu an?lise descritiva, teste de Mann-Whitney, teste do qui-quadrado e regress?o linear m?ltipla. O n?vel de signific?ncia estabelecido foi de 5%. Os valores m?dios do ECOHIS para cada condi??o bucal avaliada foram: c?rie dent?ria 4.52 (DP=6.84), defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte 3,82 (DP=6,86), fluorose dent?ria 4,56 (DP=7,53), les?es ou varia??es da normalidade da mucosa bucal 2,84 (DP=5,46) e m? oclus?o 2,16 (DP=4,56). Diferen?as significativas foram encontradas entre o local de resid?ncia e: g?nero (P = 0,008), n?mero de filhos (P = 0,001) e defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte (P = 0,035). Fam?lias da zona rural apresentaram valores significativamente inferiores nos aspectos socioecon?micos (P < 0,005), quando comparadas ? fam?lias da zona urbana. Na zona urbana, foram encontradas associa??es significativas entre impacto na OHRQoL e: idade da crian?a em meses (P = 0,004), g?nero (feminino) (P = 0,034), n?mero de dentes cavitados (P < 0,001) e presen?a de defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte (P = 0,004). Na zona rural foi encontrada associa??o significativa somente entre impacto na OHRQoL e n?mero de dentes cavitados (P <0,001). Problemas bucais como c?rie dent?ria e defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte afetaram negativamente a qualidade de vida de crian?as pr?-escolares e suas fam?lias. Na zona urbana, o n?mero de dentes cavitados, defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte, al?m da idade e g?nero (feminino) contribu?ram para diminui??o da qualidade de vida das crian?as pr?-escolares e suas fam?lias. Na zona rural, somente o n?mero de dentes cavitados comprometeu significativamente a vida di?ria dos pr?-escolares e suas fam?lias. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT Poor oral health can affect aspects of children's daily lives, such as the ability to chew, sleep, school performance, social interaction, self-esteem as well as weight and growth. However, there is little evidence about the influence of oral health problems on biopsychosocial well-being of preschool children and their families, especially comparing those living in urban and rural areas. The aim of this study was to assess the determinants of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschool children and their families living in urban and rural areas of extreme poverty. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 391 children between two and five years of age, from urban and rural areas in Diamantina/MG randomly selected during the National Immunization Campaign. The children's parents answered the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) and provided socioeconomic data. Clinical examination of the children was conducted to assess dental caries, developmental defects of enamel, dental fluorosis, injury or damage to the oral mucosa and malocclusion. Statistical analysis involved descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney test, chi-square test and multiple linear regression. Significance level was set at 5%. The mean ECOHIS total scores for each oral condition were: dental caries 4.52 (SD = 6.84), developmental defects of enamel, 3.82 (SD = 6.86), dental fluorosis 4:56 (SD = 7.53), injury or oral mucosa lesions 2.84 (SD = 5.46) and malocclusion 2.16 (SD = 4.56). Significant differences were found between place of residence and: gender (P = 0.008), number of children (P = 0.001) and developmental defects of enamel (P = 0.035). Families from rural area had significantly lower socioeconomic aspects (P <0.005), when compared to families from urban area. In urban areas, significant associations were found between the impact on OHRQoL and children's age in months (P = 0.004), gender (female) (P = 0.034), number of cavitated teeth (P <0.001) and presence of developmental defects of enamel (P = 0.004). In rural areas significant association was found only between the impact on OHRQoL and the number of cavitated teeth (P <0.001). Oral health problems such as dental caries and developmental defects of enamel negatively affected the quality of life of preschool children and their families. In the urban area, number of cavitated teeth, developmental defects of enamel, in addition to age and gender contributed to decreased quality of life of preschool children and their families. In rural areas, only the number of cavitated teeth impaired significantly the daily lives of preschool children and their families.
6

Fatores associados ? obesidade e o padr?o de consumo alimentar de pr?-escolares em Feira de Santana - BA

Gomes, Karina Emanuella Peixoto de Souza 31 March 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-03-14T21:09:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GOMES KARINA E P S.pdf: 817980 bytes, checksum: 221a76bf0c6f605d5bafbecd9d1d415b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-14T21:09:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GOMES KARINA E P S.pdf: 817980 bytes, checksum: 221a76bf0c6f605d5bafbecd9d1d415b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-31 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / The present study aimed to analyze food consumption patterns and the nutritional status of children under four years old in Feira de Santana ? Bahia. It is a cross-sectional study nested in a cohortoflivebirths population based in Feira de Santana - Bahia.This study evaluated the data of 813 pairs of mothers and children under four years old from a cohort of live births. The anthropometric profile was defined through direct method by measuring the body mass index based on the variables height and weight and eating patterns (main independent variable) determined by principal component analysis through data obtained from the food frequency questionnaire.Also, were evaluated as potential confounders: child characteristics (sex, birth weight, nutritional status, interruption of exclusive breastfeeding at 4 months of age, weaning at twoyears old, bottle feeding, feeding during sleep and consumption of blended food) and maternal (gestational age, maternal age at birth, skin color, education, work, income, overweight / obesity), defined.The association between obesity and eating patterns were estimated using Pearson's chi-squared test (p <0.05) and multiple logistic regression analysis. In children under four years old, the prevalence of obesity was 12.7%.Regarding the children's characteristics, 51.7% were male, 95.7% were born weighting more than five pounds, eight ounces. Most children (96.4%) were born in the pregnancy term. 82.9% of mothers gave birth with age equal to or higher than 20 years old, 64.8% were brown, 66.4% had high school / college level education, 61.7% did not went away from home to work and 51.3% had income above 2 minimum wages.According to food characteristics, 21.2% continued exclusive breastfeeding until fourmonths and 10.9% still breastfeeding at 2 years old.The bottle use was reported in 63.0% of children, 29.5% ate sleeping and 47.6% were in the habit of consuming blended food. Four food consumption patterns were identified: food standard 1 (milk and derivatives, vegetables and tubers, legumes, fruit, fish and eggs); food pattern 2 (cereals, snacks, fats and oils, non-alcoholic drinks and sweets); food pattern 3 (processed meats, fast-food, ketchup/mayonnaise); and, food standard 4 (red meat and chicken).In the bivariate analysis, there was a positive association between obesity and the predictor variables: appropriate birth weight, family income, maternal overweight/obesity, interruption of exclusive breastfeeding at four months, no weaning attwoyears of age and use of bottle.In logistic regression analysis, obesity was associated with the consumption of processed meats, fast food and ketchup / mayonnaise (food standard 3). It has been shown that the high intake of processed and energy dense foods were contributing factors to the occurrence of obesity in childhood.These results reinforce the need for public policies and nutrition education programs in health facilities and schools, to assist in changing the eating habits of children, an important predictor of nutritional problems. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os padr?es de consumo alimentar e o estado nutricional de crian?as menores de quatro anos em Feira de Santana ? Bahia. Trata-se de estudo de corte transversal aninhado a uma coorte de nascidos vivos de base populacional em Feira de Santana ? Bahia. Neste estudo foram avaliados os dados de 813 duplas m?es e filhos menores de quatro anos provenientes de uma coorte de nascidos vivos. O perfil antropom?trico foi definido pelo m?todo direto atrav?s da medida do ?ndice de massa corp?rea com base nas vari?veis peso e estatura e os padr?es alimentares (vari?vel independente principal), determinados por meio da an?lise de componentes principais atrav?s dos dados obtidos no question?rio de frequ?ncia alimentar. Al?m disso, foram avaliadas como potenciais confundidoras: as caracter?sticas infantis (sexo, peso ao nascer, estado nutricional, interrup??o do aleitamento materno exclusivo aos quatro meses de idade, desmame aos dois anos de idade, uso de mamadeira, alimenta??o durante o sono e consumode alimentos liquidificados) e as maternas (idade gestacional, idade materna no parto, cor da pele, escolaridade, trabalho, renda, sobrepeso/obesidade),definidas. A associa??o entre a obesidade e os padr?es alimentaresfoiestimada atrav?s do teste qui-quadrado de Pearson (p<0,05) e da an?lise de regress?o log?stica m?ltipla.Nas crian?as menores de quatro anos, apreval?ncia de obesidadefoi de12,7%. Com rela??o ?s caracter?sticas infantis, 51,7% eram do sexo masculino, 95,7% nasceram com peso superior a 2500g. A maioria das crian?as (96,4%) nasceuno termo da gesta??o.82,9% das m?es pariram com idade igual ou superior a 20 anos, 64,8% eram pardas, 66,4% tinham ensino m?dio/superior, 61,7% n?o se ausentavam do lar para trabalhar e 51,3% tinham renda superior a 2 sal?rios m?nimos. Segundo as caracter?sticas alimentares, 21,2% continuaram o aleitamento exclusivo at? os 4 meses e 10,9% ainda amamentavam aos 2 anos de idade. O uso de mamadeira foi reportado em 63,0% das crian?as, 29,5% comiam dormindo e 47,6% tinham o h?bito de consumir alimentos liquidificados.Foram identificados quatro padr?es alimentares: padr?o alimentar 1 (leite e derivados, verduras e tub?rculos, leguminosas, frutas, pescados e ovos); padr?o alimentar 2 (cereais, salgadinhos, ?leos e gorduras, bebidas n?o alco?licas e doces); padr?o alimentar 3 (embutidos, fast-food, catchup/maionese); e padr?o alimentar 4 (frango e carnes vermelhas).Na an?lise bivariada,observou-se associa??o positiva entre a obesidade e as vari?veis preditoras: peso adequado ao nascer, maior renda familiar, sobrepeso/obesidade materno, interrup??o do aleitamento materno exclusivo aos 4 meses, aus?ncia de desmame aos 2 anos de idade e uso de mamadeira. Na an?lise de regress?o log?stica, aobesidade esteve associada com o consumode alimentos embutidos, fast-food e catchup/maionese (padr?o alimentar 3).Ficou demonstrado que a elevada ingest?o de alimentos industrializados e altamente energ?ticos foram fatores contributivos para a ocorr?ncia da obesidade na inf?ncia. Estes resultados refor?am a necessidade de pol?ticas p?blicas e programas de educa??o alimentar, nas unidades de sa?de e escolas, que auxiliem na mudan?a dos h?bitos alimentares das crian?as, importante preditor de problemas nutricionais.

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