Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:27:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_EDNA_THAIS_JEREMIAS_MARTINS_PARCIAL.pdf: 836849 bytes, checksum: 33e168f477805280676d4d2bea60a938 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:27:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_EDNA_THAIS_JEREMIAS_MARTINS_PARCIAL.pdf: 836849 bytes, checksum: 33e168f477805280676d4d2bea60a938 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T18:28:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_EDNA_THAIS_JEREMIAS_MARTINS_PARCIAL.pdf: 836849 bytes, checksum: 33e168f477805280676d4d2bea60a938 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Introduction: Weight gain is a major concern in patients seeking smoking cessation, being an important barrier for both starting an attempt to stop smoking and maintaining long abstinence. Objective: To evaluate the weight changes after 12 months of smoking abstinence. We also intended to identify risk factors for weight changes. Methods: This study was conducted at the Smoking Cessation Clinic, Hospital S?o Lucas, in Porto Alegre, Brazil, from June 2007 to June 2016. In a real life cohort design, smokers submitted to cognitive-behavior therapy and pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation were included. The baseline and final weights were measured and the smoking cessation was confirmed by exhaled CO <10ppm and patient's confirmation of being abstinent. Results: From the 348 included volunteers, 187(53.7%) subjects failed to stop smoking but 161 patients quit smoking and maintained abstinence for 12 months. Regarding weight change, 104(64.6%) subjects maintained their initial weight or had a shift up or down of less than 5%. Another group increased their weight more than 5% (n=57; 35.4%). Only 18 patients (11.2%) increased >10% of their initial weight. We detected no risk factor associated with weight increase greater than 5%. The number needed to harm associated to smoking cessation was 3.4(95%CI 2.6-5.2). Conclusion: Our results show that weight gain not necessarily associates to smoking cessation and a high percentage of quitters maintain or even lose weight. This information may be useful to address to the still undecided smoker concerned about possible weight gain. This strategy will be probably useful in every level of clinical attendance, but especially in Primary Care Units. / Introdu??o: O ganho de peso ? uma grande preocupa??o para os pacientes que tentam parar de fumar, tornando-se uma barreira tanto para iniciar uma tentativa de cessa??o quanto para manter a abstin?ncia em longo prazo. No entanto, alguns dos que conseguem manter-se em abstin?ncia n?o engordam e outros at? perdem algum peso. Objetivo: Avaliar as altera??es de peso ap?s 12 meses de abstin?ncia tab?gica confirmada. Tamb?m pretende-se identificar fatores de risco para ganho de peso. M?todos: Foi realizado estudo de coorte no Ambulat?rio de Cessa??o do Tabagismo, Hospital S?o Lucas, em Porto Alegre, Brasil, de junho de 2007 a junho de 2016 nos pacientes que buscaram ajuda para cessa??o do tabagismo. Foram inclu?dos fumantes submetidos ? terapia cognitivocomportamental combinada com farmacoterapia para cessa??o tab?gica. O peso no in?cio e no final foi registrado e a cessa??o do tabagismo foi confirmada pelo COex <10ppm e pela confirma??o dos pacientes de serem abstinentes. Resultados: Foram inclu?dos 348 volunt?rios no estudo, dos quais, 187(53,7%) falharam em cessar o tabagismo, mas 161 (46,3%) pacientes conseguiram manter abstin?ncia de no m?nimo 12 meses. Em rela??o ? altera??o ponderal, 104(64,6%) ex-fumantes mantiveram o peso ou apresentaram altera??o para mais ou para menos de at? 5% do peso inicial. Outro grupo teve aumento de peso maior de 5% (n=57; 35.4%). Apenas 18 (11,2%) pacientes aumentaram mais de 10% de seu peso inicial. N?o foi detectado nenhum fator de risco com signific?ncia estat?stica associado com aumento de peso maior que 5%. O n?mero necess?rio para causar dano (NNH) associado ? cessa??o tab?gica foi 3.4 (IC 95% 2,6-5,2). Conclus?o: Estes resultados mostram que o ganho de peso n?o est? necessariamente associado ? cessa??o do tabagismo e que um percentual n?o negligenci?vel de ex-fumantes mant?m ou mesmo perde peso ao parar de fumar. Esta informa??o pode ser ?til para o fumante ainda indeciso por estar preocupado com o poss?vel ganho de peso. Esta estrat?gia ser? provavelmente ?til em todos os n?veis de atendimento cl?nico, mas especialmente nas Unidades de Aten??o B?sica.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007- Camila Silva de Oliveira.pdf: 2674725 bytes, checksum: dfd3ff2b9c6a77353a011a46e2ecb466 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Snails are invertebrate of great importance for the human and veterinary medicine, therefore they serve as intermediate host of some parasites, being able to acometer animal or human people. The snail Achatina Fulica is an intermediate host of nematodes like Angiostrongylus spp. These snails had been introduced in Brazil as an attempt to substitute traditional escargot, however the great creations had not provided the waited profit and the criation had been abandoned. The Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii is an originary plant of the African continent and is largely used as ornamental plant. This plant, however, is classified as toxic by the SINITOX Sistema Nacional de Informa??es T?xico- Farmacol?gicas. So the present study intended to evaluate the consequences of the use of the latex of Euphorbia splendens var hislopii on the metabolism of carbohydrates of Achatina fulica. For the determination of the subletal Dose groups with thirty animals had been displayed to the latex in the concentrations of 1%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 12,5%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, being Concentration Dose 50 (CL50) 11,2%. The values observed for the concentration of glycogen in the digestive gland and the cefalopodal mass had demonstrated that the exposition after had extremely significant difference only in the first day after displayed. The analysis of polynomial regression demonstrated to have one strong positive relation (r2=0,95) enters the glycogen concentration in the cefalopodal mass of snail displayed to the CL50 and snails of control group after to long of the time the exposition to the latex. When comparing the glucose levels in hemolinfa of displayed snails to CL50 and snails of control group in function of the time after the exposition in days, the polynomial regression evidenced that these levels increase as the continuation of the days. The exposition of the A. fulica to the CL50 of the latex of Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii make a reduction in the deposits of glycogen in digestive gland of the clam, presented in a delayed effect on the deposits of glycogen of the cefalopodal mass of the snails, did not have significant variations in the glucose content in hemolinfa of A. fulica displayed to the latex. Although in the first dissection day has been found a bigger concentration of free glucose level in hemolinfa. The exposition to the latex of E. splendens var. hislopii make a significant reduction in the concentration of galactogen in albumen gland of the snail. / Os moluscos s?o invertebrados de grande import?ncia para a medicina humana e veterin?ria, pois servem como hospedeiros intermedi?rios de v?rios parasitos, podem acometer animais ou o homem. O molusco Achatina fulica em especial, ? hospedeiro intermedi?rio de nemat?ides do g?nero Angiostrongylus spp. Estes moluscos,foram introduzidos no Brasil como uma tentativa de substituir o tradicional escargot, por?m as grandes cria??es n?o proporcionaram o lucro esperado e os criadouros foram abandonados. A Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii ? uma planta origin?ria do continente africano e ? muito utilizada como planta ornamental, devido ao seu f?cil cultivo. Esta planta, por?m, ? classificada como t?xica pelo SINITOX Sistema Nacional de Informa??es T?xico- Farmacol?gicas. Assim sendo, o presente estudo pretendeu avaliar as conseq??ncias do uso do l?tex de Euphorbia splendens var hislopii sobre o metabolismo de carboidratos de Achatina fulica. Para a determina??o da dose subletal grupos com trinta animais foram expostos ao l?tex nas concentra??es de 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 12.5%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100%, sendo a concentra??o letal 50 (CL50) 11,2% . Os valores observados para a concentra??o de glicog?nio na gl?ndula digestiva e na massa cefalopodal demonstraram que houve diferen?a significativa apenas no primeiro dia ap?s a exposi??o a CL50. A an?lise de regress?o polinomial demonstrou haver uma forte rela??o positiva (r2=0,95) entre a concentra??o de glicog?nio na massa cefalopodal de moluscos expostos a CL50 e moluscos do grupo controle ao longo do tempo ap?s a exposi??o ao l?tex. Ao comparar os n?veis de glicose na hemolinfa de moluscos expostos a CL50 e de moluscos controles em fun??o do tempo ap?s a exposi??o em dias, a regress?o polinomial evidenciou que esses n?veis aumentam conforme o prosseguimento dos dias. A exposi??o de A. fulica ? CL50 do l?tex de E. splendens var. hislopii provocou a redu??o nos dep?sitos de glicog?nio na gl?ndula digestiva, e um efeito tardio sobre os dep?sitos de glicog?nio da massa cefalopodal, e n?o apresentou varia??es significativas no conte?do de glicose na hemolinfa de A. fulica exposta ao l?tex. Embora nos primeiros dias de disseca??o tenha sido encontrado um maior n?vel de glicose livre circulante na hemolinfa. A exposi??o ao l?tex de E. splendens var. hislopii provocou uma significativa redu??o na concentra??o de galactog?nio na gl?ndula de alb?men de A. fulica.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Jessika Mara Martins Ribeiro.pdf: 4505620 bytes, checksum: 3ace512cbb45ea3a26cc5d88a93ac2b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-24 / Irradiation is a physical process efficiently used in the conservation of foods. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of irradiation on the natural mycoflora of poultry feeds and on strains of Aspergillus spp. Maize flour samples, soy crumb and feed were collected directly from the production line of a poultry farm in Avelar, RJ, and exposed to doses of 0, 3.5, 8 and 15 kGy of gamma radiation. Counting, isolation and identification of the contaminant mycoflora were performed before and after irradiation. The radiosensitivity of strains of reference of Aspergillus spp. was determined in CYA medium and in corn for doses ranging from 0 to 8 kGy. Comparisons between the morphologies of control and irradiated strains were performed by using macroscopy, optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Toxigenic profile determination and genetic evaluation by RAPD were also carried out. Higher doses have been found to reduce the number of active colonies, causing elimination of the mycoflora at 8 kGy. A larger radiosensitivity of yeasts was observed in comparison with filamentous fungi. A significant reduction in fungi population occurred at 3.5 kGy to levels below the limit that ensures the hygienic quality of ingredients and poultry feeds. The residual mycoflora was found to decrease with post-irradiation time and included mostly Cladosporium spp., Curvularia spp., Fusarium spp. and Aspergillus spp. and sterility of mycelium prevented further identification of the surviving species of Aspergillus spp. Differences in radioresistance were found among species of Aspergillus and the highest tolerance to radiation was observed for A. parasiticus. Initial morphologic changes were found to be more severe during the first isolation after irradiation than in later ones, with the fungi gradually recovering their normal growth rate. Ultrastructural changes in the irradiated strains were observed mostly in the plasmatic membrane and membranous organelles of nuclei and mitochondria. An increase in the rate of production of toxins by the irradiated strains has been found, however no significant alterations have been observed in their genotypes. Such findings apparently indicate that irradiation stress affected the metabolic response of the fungi, leading to a larger production of toxins. In addition, when appropriate conditions of feeding and growth were restored, the physiologic damages were gradually repaired. Therefore, under such circumstances, irradiated strains may resume growing, thus further deteriorating the substratum. / Irradia??o ? um processo f?sico eficazmente utilizado na preserva??o de alimentos. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos da exposi??o ? radia??o gama sobre a micobiota natural de ra??es av?colas e cepas de Aspergillus spp. Amostras de fub?, farelo de soja e ra??o foram coletadas diretamente da linha de produ??o de uma granja av?cola, no munic?pio de Avelar, RJ e, submetidas ?s doses de 0; 3,5; 8 e 15 kGy de radia??o gama. Foram realizados: contagem, isolamento e identifica??o da micobiota contaminante antes e ap?s a irradia??o. A radiossensibilidade de cepas de refer?ncia do g?nero Aspergillus spp. foi estudada em meio CYA e em milho, com doses de 0 a 8 kGy. Foi comparada a morfologia de cepas controle e irradiadas por macroscopia, microscopia ?ptica e microscopia eletr?nica de transmiss?o. Estudou-se o perfil tox?geno e realizou-se uma avalia??o gen?tica pela t?cnica de polimorfismo de ADN amplificado ao acaso. Observou-se redu??o na contagem com o aumento da dose, tendo sido verificada a elimina??o da micobiota com 8 kGy. Constatou-se tamb?m uma maior radiossensibilidade de leveduras, em rela??o aos fungos filamentosos. Ocorreu efeito do tempo de armazenamento, sendo que as contagens ap?s 45 dias foram inferiores ?s encontradas aos 7 dias ap?s a irradia??o. A dose 3,5 kGy proporcionou significativa redu??o da contagem f?ngica, a n?vel abaixo do limite estipulado para a garantia da qualidade higi?nica de ingredientes e ra??o av?cola. No entanto, h? uma micobiota residual, formada principalmente pelos g?neros: Cladosporium spp., Curvularia spp., Fusarium spp. e Aspergillus spp., esses ?ltimos ap?s serem repicados, apresentaram apenas o desenvolvimento de mic?lio est?ril, o que n?o permitiu a identifica??o da esp?cie. Diferen?as em radiossensibilidade foram observadas entre as cepas de refer?ncia de Aspergillus avaliadas, sendo A. parasiticus o mais radiorresistente em ambos os substratos avaliados: meio CYA e milho. Observou-se menor conidiog?nese e aumento de estruturas de resist?ncia, como os escler?cios. As altera??es morfol?gicas foram mais intensas no isolamento inicial ap?s irradia??o sendo que, gradualmente, os isolados irradiados voltaram a apresentar crescimento semelhante ao padr?o nos repiques sucessivos. Altera??es ultraestruturais nas cepas irradiadas foram observadas principalmente em n?vel de membrana plasm?tica e de organelas, em especial n?cleo e mitoc?ndrias. Essas cepas tiveram aumentada sua produ??o de toxinas. Por outro lado, n?o foram observadas altera??es significativas no gen?tipo, ao menos com os tr?s marcadores utilizados. Esses relatos refor?am a hip?tese de que situa??es de estresse induzem uma maior produ??o de toxina pelos fungos. A irradia??o produz um estresse, afetando metabolicamente o fungo. Contudo, ao serem fornecidos nutrientes e condi??es adequadas de crescimento, essa altera??o fisiol?gica ? superada. Esses achados sugerem que cepas sobreviventes ? irradia??o podem voltar a se desenvolver, deteriorando o substrato, desde que sejam fornecidas condi??es favor?veis ao para seu crescimento.

The goal of this bachelor thesis work was to establish a cable connection between an analogue interface board, containing a 16 bit analogue to digital converter, and a DE2 board in order to allow for digital data transmission between the two boards. The DE2 board includes an FPGA which was configured to contain a Nios II softcore microprocessor for handling the tasks of reading and saving the 16 bit digital words transmitted over the cable as well as controlling the analogue to digital converter on the interface board. During the project work various tasks had to be fulfilled which included soldering the cable for parallel transmission of the 16 bit digital data words and the control signals between the boards as well as adjusting the analogue interface board with the correct voltage supplies and jumper settings. Furthermore the hardware circuit insidethe FPGA had to be configured and the program running on the Nios II processor had to be written in C language.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:10:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ErmetonDN.pdf: 732618 bytes, checksum: 6b2f580e4b65ea3ec17c1996913b4a02 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-05 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the major sexually transmitted disease all over the world. There are many factors associated to infection and the virus persistency in the organism. This study aims to evaluate the women's knowledge, attitudes and practice about the Papanicolaou test (Pap), as well as analyze the HPV and Chlamydia trachomatis infections prevalences in sexually active women from the city of S?o Jos? do Mipibu/RN/Brazil. This research was divided in two steps (step I and step II), using different methodologies and samples each. The samples collected in each step, even socio-demographic or from uterus cervix, are from different patients e were analyzed separated. In step I was evaluated 267 rural and urban zone women s knowledge, attitudes and practices about the Pap by home interview. In the step II were included 605 women with age ranged from 15 to 71 years old, with mean of 33,5 years old and from each one were collected two cervical samples, one for Pap and other for molecular biology, beside the epidemiological interview to investigate the correlation between prevalence of HPV infection and risk factors. To molecular analyses, the samples were processed using a mammal rapid DNA extraction technique protocol. For C. trachomatis DNA detection were used the CP24/27 primers, and GP5+/GP6+ to HPV. PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis on 8% polyacrylamide gels, followed by silver staining. The results of the step I showed that, in spite of only 46,1% of the interviewed women they have demonstrated to possess appropriate knowledge on the Pap test, the attitude and practice proportions were significantly larger, 63,3% and 64,4% respectively. The largest education degree presented association with adaptation of the knowledge, attitudes and practice, while neglect, lack of solicitation of the exam for the doctor and shame, came as main barriers for the accomplishment of the exam. In the stage II the HPV general prevalence was 28,9%, being 26,7% in the women with normal cytology or benign alterations, 26,7% in the ones that had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and 80% in those with Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). the HPV infection prevalence was larger in the patients with up to 30 years of age and in the unmarried women, and those that had more than one sexual partner presented larger infection risk. The results show that the sexual relationship with multiple partners increased the infection risk for HPV and consequently the possibility of the occurrence of lesions uterine cervix / O v?rus do papiloma humano (HPV) representa um dos principais agentes sexualmente transmiss?veis entre as popula??es humanas de todo o mundo. V?rios fatores est?o associados ? infec??o e a persist?ncia desse v?rus no organismo. A infec??o produtiva pelo HPV resulta em altera??es no epit?lio da c?rvice uterina que podem evoluir para les?es de diferentes graus inclusive as malignas. Tais les?es podem ser visualizadas atrav?s do exame citol?gico de Papanicolaou (Pap), que apesar de simples, tem alto valor como teste de triagem na preven??o do c?ncer de colo do ?tero. Este estudo constou de duas etapas, com metodologias e abordagens distintas. O material coletado em cada etapa, sejam dados s?cio-demogr?ficos ou esp?cimes da c?rvice uterina para an?lise, foram obtidas de pacientes diferentes e foram analisados separadamente. Na etapa I, avaliou-se o conhecimento, a atitude e a pr?tica das mulheres em rela??o ao Pap por meio de entrevistas domiciliares de 267 mulheres das zonas rural e urbana do munic?pio de S?o Jos? do Mipibu, utilizando question?rio estruturado. Na etapa II, foram inclu?das 605 mulheres com idade variando de 15 a 71 anos, media de 33,5 anos das quais foram coletados dois esp?cimes cervicais, sendo um para o exame citol?gico e o outro para an?lise molecular. Um question?rio epidemiol?gico foi utilizado para obter informa??es, visando identificar fatores de risco associados ? infec??o. Para a an?lise molecular as amostras foram processadas utilizando protocolo de extra??o r?pida de DNA de mam?feros. Para detec??o do DNA da C. trachomatis e do HPV foi utilizada a t?cnica de PCR com os iniciadores CP24/27, e GP5+/GP6+ respectivamente. Os produtos de PCR foram submetidos ? eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida e corados pela prata. Do total de mulheres analisadas na etapa I apenas 46,1% demonstram possuir conhecimento adequado sobre o teste de Pap. As propor??es de atitude e pr?tica adequadas foram significativamente maiores, 63,3% e 64,4% respectivamente. As mulheres com maior grau de escolaridade apresentaram melhores ?ndices de adequa??o dos conhecimentos, atitudes e pr?tica. O descuido, a falta de solicita??o do exame pelo m?dico e a vergonha, se apresentaram como principais barreiras para a realiza??o do exame. Na etapa II encontrou-se uma preval?ncia geral do HPV de 28,9%, sendo 26,7% nas mulheres com citologia normal ou altera??es benignas, sendo 26,7% as que tinham atipia de c?lula escamosa de significado indeterminado (ASC-US) e 80% naquelas com les?o intraepitelial escamosa de baixo grau (LSIL). A preval?ncia da infec??o pelo HPV foi maior nas pacientes com at? 30 anos de idade, nas solteiras, e naquelas que tiveram mais de um parceiro sexual e estas apresentaram maior risco de aquisi??o da infec??o pelo HPV e para o desenvolvimento de les?es da c?rvice uterina

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-04T19:15:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaJaquelineMonteDeAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 2265638 bytes, checksum: 9f30624d051acb090d637ee2530e2a96 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-09T23:02:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaJaquelineMonteDeAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 2265638 bytes, checksum: 9f30624d051acb090d637ee2530e2a96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-09T23:02:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaJaquelineMonteDeAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 2265638 bytes, checksum: 9f30624d051acb090d637ee2530e2a96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / O g?nero Hemidactylus Oken, 1817 tem distribui??o cosmopolita e, no Brasil, ocorrem tr?s esp?cies, sendo duas nativas, H. brasilianus e H. agrius, e uma ex?tica, H. mabouia. Tomando como base os estudos sobre ecologia de lagartos efetuados na Esta??o Ecol?gica do Serid?, de 2001 a 2011, este trabalho buscou reavaliar a ocorr?ncia das esp?cies do g?nero Hemidactylus nesta ESEC, analisar aspectos ecol?gicos e biol?gicos da popula??o de H. agrius; e investigar a distribui??o atual e potencial das esp?cies nativas do g?nero na regi?o nordeste, analisando a adequabilidade da ESEC para este t?xon. Para os dois primeiros objetivos, uma ?rea de amostragem constitu?da por cinco transectos de 200 m x 20 m, foi inspecionada em turnos alternados por tr?s dias consecutivos, de agosto de 2012 a agosto de 2013. Para a ?ltima perspectiva, foram consultados pontos de ocorr?ncia de H. agrius e H. brasilianus na literatura e no banco de dados da Cole??o Herpetol?gica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte para constru??o de mapas preditivos, atrav?s do algoritmo de M?xima Entropia (MaxEnt). Na ESEC Serid? foram coletados 62 H. agrius (25 f?meas, 18 machos e 19 juvenis) e dois rec?m-nascidos foram obtidos a partir de um ninho comunal incubado em laborat?rio, nenhum registro foi feito para as demais esp?cies do g?nero. Hemidactylus agrius demostrou ser uma esp?cie noturna com especialidade a h?bitats com Afloramentos Rochosos, no entanto, generalista quanto ao uso de microh?bitats. Nesta popula??o as f?meas possuem comprimento corporal m?dio maior que o dos machos e apresentaram maiores frequ?ncias de autotomia caudal. Em rela??o ? dieta, H. agrius ? uma esp?cie moderadamente generalista, que consome artr?podes, principalmente Aranae, Orthoptera e Isoptera; e vertebrados, al?m de ter constatado um caso de canibalismo. Quanto ? sazonalidade foram registradas diferen?as apenas para o n?mero dos itens alimentares consumidos. A dieta foi similar entre os sexos, por?m diferen?as ontogen?ticas foram registradas para o volume total e comprimento m?ximo dos itens alimentares. Rela??es significativas foram constatadas entre o tamanho do corpo e da cabe?a dos esp?cimes com o comprimento m?ximo das presas consumidas. Casos de polidactilia e de bifurca??o caudal foram registrados na popula??o com frequ?ncias de 1,6 % e 3,1%, respectivamente. Em rela??o ?s localidades de ocorr?ncia das esp?cies nativas, foram constatados 27 pontos, sendo 14 para H. agrius e 13 para H. brasilianus; a primeira apresentou distribui??o restrita, enquanto que a segunda demonstrou ampla distribui??o. Em ambos os modelos gerados a ?rea da ESEC Serid? apresentou de m?dia a alta adequabilidade. Os resultados deste trabalho confirma a aus?ncia de H. brasilianus e H. mabouia nesta ESEC e confere a H. agrius condi??o de esp?cie canibal oportunista. Al?m disso, confirma os padr?es de distribui??o exibidos pelas esp?cies nativas de Hemidactylus e aponta a ESEC Serid? como ?rea de prov?vel ocorr?ncia para as esp?cies do g?nero, constatando, assim, que o estabelecimento de H. brasilianus e de H. mabouia, possivelmente, ? limitado por fatores bi?ticos, ainda pouco esclarecidos. / The genus Hemidactylus Oken, 1817 has cosmopolite distribution, with three species occurring in Brazil, two of them native, H. brasilianus and H. agrius, and one exotic, H. mabouia. Considering the studies about ecology of lizards conducted in the Ecological Station of the Serid?, from 2001 to 2011, this study aimed (1) to re-evaluate the occurrence of the species of Hemidactylus in this ESEC; (2) to analyze ecological and biological aspects of the H. agrius population; and (3) to investigate the current and potential distribution of the native species of the genus in northeastern Brazil, analyzing the suitability of ESEC to this taxon. For the first two objectives, a sampling area consisting of five transects of 200 x 20 m, was inspected in alternating daily shifts for three consecutive days, from August 2012 to August 2013. For the latter objective, occurrence points of H. agrius and H. brasilianus from literature and from the database of Herpetological Collections of the UFRN and the UNICAMP were consulted to build predictive maps via the Maximum Entropy algorithm (MaxEnt). In ESEC Serid?, 62 H. agrius individuals were collected (25 females, 18 males and 19 juveniles), and two neonates were obtained from a communal nest incubated in the laboratory. No record was made for the other two species of the genus. Hemidactylus agrius demonstrated to be a nocturnal species specialized in habitats with rocky outcrops; but this species is generalist regarding microhabitat use. In the population studied, females had an average body length greater than males, and showed higher frequencies of caudal autotomy. Regarding diet, H. agrius is a moderately generalist species that consumes arthropods, especially insect larvae, Isoptera and Araneae; and vertebrates, with a case of cannibalism registered in the population. With respect to seasonal differences, only the number of food items ingested differed between seasons. The diet was similar between sexes, but ontogenetic differences were recorded for the total volume and maximum length of the food items. Significant relationships were found between lizard body/head size measurements and the maximum length of prey consumed. Cases of polydactyly and tail bifurcation were recorded in the population, with frequencies of 1.6% and 3.1%, respectively. In relation xv to the occurrence points of the native species, 27 were identified, 14 for H. agrius and 13 for H. brasilianus. The first species presented restricted distribution, while the second showed a wide distribution. In both models generated, the ESEC Serid? area showed medium to high suitability. The results of this study confirm the absence of H. brasilianus and H. mabouia this ESEC, and reveal H. agrius as a dietary opportunist and cannibal species. Further, the results confirm the distribution patterns shown by native species of Hemidactylus, and point ESEC Serid? as an area of probable occurrence for the species of the genus, the establishing of H. brasilianus and H. mabouia are probably limited by biotic factors, a fact yet little understood

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-21T11:41:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ClarissaLoureiroCampeloBezerra_TESE.pdf: 6936560 bytes, checksum: 72a397096dabf519d649a5db63d55327 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-22T15:43:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ClarissaLoureiroCampeloBezerra_TESE.pdf: 6936560 bytes, checksum: 72a397096dabf519d649a5db63d55327 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-22T15:43:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClarissaLoureiroCampeloBezerra_TESE.pdf: 6936560 bytes, checksum: 72a397096dabf519d649a5db63d55327 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-14 / Crescentes evidencias indicam que a susceptibilidade gen?tica contribui para a etiologia da doen?a de Parkinson espor?dica (DP). Varia??es gen?ticas no gene SNCA, respons?vel pela codifica??o da alfa-sinucle?na, foram bem estabelecidas atrav?s de estudos de linkage e GWAS. Estudos em todo o mundo encontraram associa??o positiva com polimorfismos de nucleot?deo ?nico (SNPs) no gene SNCA e o aumento do risco para DP. Al?m disto, varia??es no SNCA podem influenciar caracter?sticas ou fen?tipos da DP espor?dica. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar associa??es entre os SNPs no gene SNCA e a sintomatologia motora e n?o-motora da DP em uma popula??o brasileira. 206 sujeitos (grupo DP= 105 e grupo controle= 101) participaram do estudo. Os pacientes com DP foram recrutados no ambulat?rio de neurologia do Hospital Onofre Lopes, na cidade de Natal (RN). Foram utilizados question?rios e escalas para avaliar o hist?rico de sa?de, fatores ambientais, aspectos motores (Hoehn & Yarh e Unified Parkinson?s Disease Rating Scale), funcionais (Schwab & England), cognitivos (Bateria de Avalia??o Frontal e Mini-Exame do Estado Mental) e emocionais (Invent?rio de Depress?o de Beck e Inventario de Ansiedade de Beck) dos participantes. Tamb?m foi coletada uma amostra de sangue para a realiza??o da extra??o do DNA e posterior genotipagem dos SNPs rs11931074, rs356219, rs2583988, rs2736990. Quanto a avalia??o cl?nica, o grupo DP apresentou comprometimento motor de moderado a severo associado a uma moderada redu??o da capacidade funcional. Os d?ficits cognitivos foram mais presentes nos sujeitos com baixa escolariza??o. Os sintomas depressivos e ansiosos foram evidenciados com maior frequ?ncia e gravidade no grupo DP. Os dados da genotipagem mostraram todos os SNP mais frequentes no grupo DP, e a associa??o dos SNPs rs356219, rs2583988, rs2736990 aumentando o risco para DP foi confirmada. Tamb?m foi encontrada uma associa??o dos alelos de risco com a DP de in?cio precoce. T-rs2583988, G-rs356219 e C-2736990 foram significativamente mais frequentes nos pacientes com altera??es cognitivas quando comparados aos controles com a mesma condi??o. Al?m disto, a presen?a de altera??es cognitivas foi mostrou-se um fator preditivo para a DP em um modelo de regress?o log?stica. Este estudo ? o primeiro a demonstrar a associa??o de polimorfismos no gene SNCA em uma popula??o da Am?rica do Sul. / Increasing evidence indicate that genetic susceptibility contributes to the etiology of sporadic Parkinson?s Disease (PD). Genetic variations in SNCA gene, which encodes alpha-synuclein protein, are already well established in linkage and GWAS studies. Worldwide studies have find positive association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in SNCA and the increase risk for PD. In addition, variants in SNCA can influence individual traits or phenotypes of sporadic PD. The present study investigated associations between SNPs in SNCA gene and motor and non-motor symptoms of PD in a Brazilian population. 206 subjects (PD group= 105 and Control group = 101) participated in this study. The patients with PD were recruited from the neurology clinic of Onofre Lopes University Hospital, in Natal (RN, Brazil). We used questionnaires and scales to evaluate the healthy history, environmental factors, motor (Hoehn & Yarh e Unified Parkinson?s Disease Rating Scale), functional (Schwab & England), cognitive (Frontal Assessment Battery and Mini Mental State Examination) and emotional (Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory) aspects of the subjects. We also collected a blood sample to DNA extraction and genotyping of SNPs rs11931074, rs356219, rs2583988 and rs2736990. Regarding clinical assessment, the PD group presented motor impairment associated to a moderate decrease of functional capacity. The cognitive impairments were more evident in individuals with low education. Depressive and anxiety symptoms had a higher frequency and severity in PD group. All SNPs were more frequent in PD patients (p<0.05), and the associations of SNPs rs2583988, rs356219 and rs2736990 with increased PD risk were confirmed. The G-rs356219 and C-rs2736990 alleles had a significant higher frequency in patients with early onset PD. T-rs2583988, G-rs356219 and C-2736990 risk alleles were significantly more frequent in PD patients with cognitive impairments than controls in this condition. Furthermore, the presence of cognitive impairment was a predictor for PD in a logistic regression model. This study demonstrated for the first time an association of SNCA polymorphisms and PD in a South-American sample.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-04-01T22:28:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Vanicl?zia de Andrade Melo.pdf: 1015149 bytes, checksum: f174db068eeaabe1f7c9615543e4f0a6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-01T22:28:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Vanicl?zia de Andrade Melo.pdf: 1015149 bytes, checksum: f174db068eeaabe1f7c9615543e4f0a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-31 / Birds are considered sensitive to human disturbance because they have a close relationship with the environmental conditions. In the caatinga, modification of habitat ocurred by a historical process of environmental deterioration as a result of unsustainable use of natural resources. Due to the extreme climatic conditions of the caatinga, it is expected that a more resilient biota survives in this vegetation under to human interventions than those in more stable environments, such as tropical rainforests. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of habitat loss on a bird community of caatinga area type seasonal dry forest in the municipality of Candiba, Bahia, Brazil, comparing avifaunas occurring in an area of remnant forest (Area I) with adjacent matrix cleared of area (Area II). Six expeditions were conducted, three in the dry season and three in the rainy season, between November 2011 and July 2012. The method of Mackinnon lists was used for recording auditory and visual species. It was recorded 138 species, 92 in the Area I and 94 in the Area II. Both areas showed a low similarity (38%) between their specific compositions, demonstrating that only a small portion of the bird community in the region occurs in both habitat types, tolerating the different states of preservation. Regarding the trophic structure, insectivorous species predominated in both areas, with emphasis on the occurrence species of more specialized habits in only Area I, indicating that they are intolerant to habitat loss. In Area II, were representative species of bird generalist habits, such as granivorous and omnivorous, they seem to benefit from the replacement of native forests by agricultural lands. Although bird species of high sensitivity and forest dependents represented the minority, such species were directly affected by habitat change, since many of them were not recorded in the cleared matrix. Thus, habitat loss is a process that leads to negative effects on the bird community of seasonal dry forest, especially in species composition, which changes as the forest vegetation is removed. / As aves s?o consideradas sens?veis a perturba??es por apresentarem uma estreita rela??o com as condi??es em que o ambiente se encontra. Na catinga, a modifica??o do habitat tem se dado por um hist?rico processo de deteriora??o ambiental, em decorr?ncia do uso insustent?vel dos seus recursos naturais. Em fun??o das condi??es clim?ticas extremas da caatinga, espera-se que nesta vegeta??o sobrevivam biotas mais resilientes a interven??es humanas do que aquelas de ambientes mais est?veis, como as florestas tropicais ?midas. Deste modo, o presente estudo objetivou investigar os efeitos da perda de h?bitat sobre uma comunidade de aves de ?rea de caatinga do tipo floresta estacional seca, no munic?pio de Candiba, Bahia, Brasil, comparando as avifaunas ocorrentes em uma ?rea de remanescente florestal (?rea I) com a da matriz desmatada adjacente (?rea II). Foram realizadas seis expedi??es, tr?s na esta??o seca e tr?s na chuvosa, entre novembro de 2011 e julho de 2012. O m?todo de listas de Mackinnon foi utilizado para o registro auditivo e visual das esp?cies. Foram listadas 138 esp?cies, sendo 92 na ?rea I e 94 na ?rea II. As duas ?reas apresentaram uma baixa similaridade (38%) entre suas composi??es espec?ficas, demonstrando que apenas uma pequena por??o da comunidade de aves da regi?o em ambos os tipos de habitat, tolerando os distintos estados de conserva??o dos mesmos. Quanto ? estrutura tr?fica, as aves inset?voras predominaram tanto na ?rea I como na ?rea II, com destaque para ocorr?ncia de esp?cies de h?bitos mais especializados somente na ?rea I, indicando que s?o intolerantes ? modifica??o de seu habitat. Na ?rea II, foram representativas as esp?cies de aves h?bitos mais generalistas, como as gran?voras e on?voras, que parecem se beneficiar da substitui??o de florestas nativas por ?reas de cultivo agr?cola. Ainda que as esp?cies de aves de alta sensibilidade e dependentes florestais representaram a minoria, tais esp?cies foram diretamente afetadas pela altera??o do habitat, uma vez que muitas delas n?o foram registradas na matriz desmatada. Deste modo, a modifica??o do habitat se mostra como um processo que acarreta em efeitos negativos sobre a comunidade de aves de caatinga arb?rea, sobretudo na composi??o das esp?cies, que ? alterada ? medida que a vegeta??o florestal ? substitu?da por ?reas agr?colas.

<p>Syftet med högskoleavhandlingen var att konstruera en klass-D förstärkare för audio med en DDXi-2161 krets från Apogee. Förstärkaren har en digital stereoingång för I²S-format. Digitalisering av en analog audiosignal sker med codec-kretsen WM8731 från Wolfson. För att möjliggöra implementering av funktioner för digital signalbehandling av audiosignalen ingår en FPGA-krets från Altera i systemet. Gränssnitten mellan codec-kretsen och FPGA:n samt FPGA:n och klass-D förstärkaren är beskrivna med VHDL och implementerade i FPGA:n. Klass-D förstärkaren har byggts upp på ett två-lagers mönsterkort. Ett utvecklingskort från ALTERA (DE2) med codec-krets och FPGA har använts. Resultaten visar goda möjligheter att konstruera en klass-D förstärkare med bra ljud och låg effektförbrukning.</p>

Syftet med högskoleavhandlingen var att konstruera en klass-D förstärkare för audio med en DDXi-2161 krets från Apogee. Förstärkaren har en digital stereoingång för I²S-format. Digitalisering av en analog audiosignal sker med codec-kretsen WM8731 från Wolfson. För att möjliggöra implementering av funktioner för digital signalbehandling av audiosignalen ingår en FPGA-krets från Altera i systemet. Gränssnitten mellan codec-kretsen och FPGA:n samt FPGA:n och klass-D förstärkaren är beskrivna med VHDL och implementerade i FPGA:n. Klass-D förstärkaren har byggts upp på ett två-lagers mönsterkort. Ett utvecklingskort från ALTERA (DE2) med codec-krets och FPGA har använts. Resultaten visar goda möjligheter att konstruera en klass-D förstärkare med bra ljud och låg effektförbrukning.