O objetivo deste estudo foi o de acompanhar os caminhos de um serviço em Hospitais e Instituições (HI) da Irmandade de Narcóticos Anônimos (NA) na cidade de Porto Alegre, estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), a partir, principalmente, de uma interlocutora principal de pesquisa, membro da NA, e de uma longa experiência de campo da pesquisadora. Trata-se do serviço de “transmissão da mensagem” que ocorre na Penitenciária Feminina Madre Pelletier, em que mulheres membros da NA se deslocam até a Penitenciária para “levar a mensagem de recuperação da Narcóticos Anônimos”, às reclusas. Esse serviço ocorre na Instituição Penitenciária sob o formato de painéis, nos quais estão presentes participantes da NA e mulheres reclusas. Nessas ocasiões, ocorre a “partilha” sobre a “recuperação”, e, para a sua realização, são necessários preparações, treinamentos e movimentações que envolvem tanto a Penitenciária quanto a Irmandade. Para acompanhar os caminhos da “transmissão da mensagem” realizei pesquisa de campo de orientação etnográfica na Irmandade de NA e na Penitenciária. Na Irmandade frequentei reuniões abertas de um grupo da Narcóticos Anônimos existente em Porto Alegre, reuniões de serviço do Subcomitê de Relações Públicas, celebrações e eventos de grupos, realizei entrevistas com homens e mulheres participantes da NA, e, em especial, com a interlocutora principal de pesquisa. Na Penitenciária acompanhei, no ano de 2015, encontros de painéis, realizei entrevistas com agentes penitenciárias, assistente social, e mantive conversas com funcionários da direção. Os resultados desse trabalho indicam que os “caminhos da transmissão da mensagem”, ao perpassarem o ambiente da Penitenciária e durante os painéis - ocasiões conjuntas com as reclusas e outras participantes da Irmandade -, adquirem um significado específico para a interlocutora de pesquisa em sua “recuperação”, pois mobilizam seu passado, presente, “ativa” e “recuperação”. / The objective of this study was to follow the paths of a service in Hospitals and Institutions (HI) of the Fellowship of Narcotics Anonymous (NA) in Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), based mainly on a main speaker of research, member of the NA, and a long researcher's field experience. This is the service "message transmission" that occurs in the Women's Penitentiary Madre Pelletier, in which women members of NA moving to the Penitentiary to "carry the message of recovery in Narcotics Anonymous" the inmates. This service is the Penitentiary Institution under the panels format in which they are participants from NA and women prisoners. On these occasions, is "sharing" on the "recovery", and for its implementation, preparations are needed, training and transactions involving both Penitentiary as the Fellowship. To follow the path of "carrying the message" I conducted ethnographic orientation of field research in the NA Fellowship and Prison. Fellowship attended open meetings of an existing Narcotics Anonymous group in Porto Alegre, service meetings of the Subcommittee on Public Relations, celebrations and events groups, conducted interviews with participants men and women of NA, and in particular with the main interlocutor of research. In Penitentiary I followed, in 2015, panel meetings, conducted interviews with prison officers, social workers, and held talks with officials of direction. The results of this study indicate that the "message transmission paths", the permeates the environment of Penitentiary and during the panel - joint occasions with inmates and other participants of the Fellowship - acquire a specific meaning to the speaker of research in their "recovery" for mobilizing their past, present, "active" and "recovery".

Les auteurs qui vivaient à la cour des Plantagenêt, créaient une sorte de mythe historique et culturel, appelé à contribuer à la consolidation politique et sociale de leur royaume. Les Lais de Marie s’inscrivent dans ce contexte. La première partie montre pourquoi et comment Marie s’adresse à l’œuvre historiographique de Wace. L’influence de cet écrivain transparaît incontestablement dans l’œuvre de Marie et il n’est pas impossible que son projet littéraire, consistant à créer un recueil des douze lais, puisse être inspiré par la chronique de l’historiographe. La seconde partie dégage de nombreux liens intertextuels entre Marie et Chrétien de Troyes. Les contes d’origine celtique portant sur les transformations des personnes en animaux, « métamorphoses bretonnes », furent aux yeux de Marie une sorte de version des Métamorphoses antiques, un monument littéraire adapté par le jeune Chrétien. Celui-ci n’hésitait pas à faire dans ses romans des allusions plus au moins claires aux lais. La troisième partie étudie les notions-clés de la poésie des troubadours, ainsi que certains genres de la lyrique provençale qui auraient pu influencer les Lais. La quatrième partie met en lumière l’aspect parodique de la réception de la matière bretonne, ainsi que des lais de Marie par les auteurs anonymes. Marie transforme radicalement le statut culturel et littéraire des contes bretons, en imprégnant leurs adaptations françaises des réminiscences des écrits créés par ses contemporains et en ennoblissant les personnages conformément à la nouvelle morale de la société courtoise. Le genre de lai acquiert des contours précis, le chronotope breton se fixe en tant qu’élément essentiel du lai. / Authors who lived at the Plantagenet court created a historical and cultural myth that was meant to contribute to the political and social consolidation of the kingdom. Marie de France’s Lais are situated in this context. The first part of my thesis focuses on how and why Marie addresses the historiographical work of Wace. Not only is his influence visible in the lais but his voluminous poetical chronicle might have inspired in Marie the very idea of composing a collection of twelve lais. The second part brings to light a significant number of intertextual connections between Marie de France and Chrétien de Troyes. It is argued that Marie saw some similarities between the tales of Celtic origin about the transformation of humans into animals and Ovid’s Metamorphoses, translated by young Chrétien de Troyes. In his turn, Chrétien did not hesitate to allude to Marie’s Lais, more or less openly. The third part centers on the key notions and certain genres of troubadour poetry as a potential source of Marie’s Lais. The fourth part examines the parodic aspect in the reception of the Matter of Britain and of Marie’s Lais by anonymous authors. The results of my research have lead me to the conclusion that Marie radically transformed the cultural and literary status of Breton tales, filling them with reminiscences of her contemporaries’ writings, ennobling the characters of her tales in accordance with the new moral code of the court, and endowing them with the gloss of a fairy-tale ideality. Her immediate successors made this gloss even more pronounced. Thus the genre of the lai acquired a precise shape, and the Breton chronotope became an essential element of the lai.

Les récits de vie d’Annie Ernaux, Pierre Michon, Pierre Bergounioux et François Bon tentent de témoigner des figures oubliées de l’arbre généalogique et des figures laissées pour compte de la société contemporaine. En écho aux mutations épistémologiques des sciences humaines dans les années 1960-1970, ces quatre auteurs entendent écrire l’Histoire non plus du point de vue des hommes illustres, mais du point de vue des anonymes. La mise en récit des sans-voix participe d’un renouvellement des paradigmes de la narration dans les dernières décennies du XXème siècle. Les figures sans histoire semblent en effet induire des processus de réduction et de marginalisation du genre romanesque. La trame des vies muettes se déroule sur le mode de l’éclat, bribes de la mémoire ou jaillissement incisif d’un réel à vif. La ténuité des archives, le maintien d’un soupçon éthique et poétique quant à la reconfiguration narrative de ces vies réelles conduisent l’écrivain à délaisser les formes périmées du roman réaliste. Ils le poussent aussi à questionner l’écart social et culturel avec ces demi-autres, mués en autant de miroirs de soi en éclats. Travaillées d’hypothèses personnelles, analytiques ou fantasmatiques, ces narrations au genre hybride font apparaître une figure d’auteur majuscule problématique, latérale et brisée, nourrie d’une incertitude épistémique majeure. Ces identités narratives diffractées – personnages et auteurs – interrogent en retour l’histoire de la littérature, sa place et sa puissance de résistance dans la société d’aujourd’hui. / Annie Ernaux, Pierre Michon, Pierre Bergounioux and François Bon's life-narratives attempt to bear witness to the genealogical tree of forgotten names and overlooked figures of contemporary society. In dialogue with the epistemological mutations of the social sciences in the 1960's and 1970's, these four authors will work to write History, not from the point of view of the illustrious, but from the point of view of the anonymous. Telling the stories of the voiceless contributes to the renewal of narrative paradigms in the last decades of the 20th century. These figures without history seem to conduce to a process of reduction and marginalization of the novelistic genre itself. The plot of these muted lives unfolds in the form of fragments, snatches from memory or sudden surges of raw reality. The scarcity of archives, the sustained suspicion, both ethical and poetical, regarding the narrative reconfiguration of these real lives lead the writer to abandon the outdated forms of the realistic novel. Such factors also question the social and cultural gap with these « half-others », turned into so many reflections of the self in a shattered mirror. Wrought with personal hypotheses, whether analytical or fantasised, these hybrid narratives reveal a problematic image of the Author, as a lateral and broken entity, informed by major epistemic doubts. In return, these diffracted narrative identities – characters as well as authors – raise questions as to the history of literature, its place and its power of resistance in today's society.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how anonymous online players treat each other in the game environment in Counter Strike (CS GO), where the way they communicate can affect other people's gaming experience through cheating or "griefing". We have also sought to examine how issues of anonymity affected player's experiences. Data was collected through the use of qualitative methods, such as semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations. Ten respondents participated in the interviews, five women and five men who had played Counter Strike for at least two years. The questions which they were asked related to attitudes, communication, gaming experience, trust, behavior, cheaters and griefers inCounter Strike. The results were analyzed with the help of previous research and theory related to the problem of our study. The results showed that the anonymous players responded to each other positively or negatively depending on various factors such as performance, gender, experience, communication and trust. Positive attitudes gave a positive gaming experience that increased the teamwork and changed the anonymity to friendship, while negative attitudes gave negative gameplay experience that made players lose the desire to play for awhile, because they had high expectations of others. In order to improve Counter Strike for anonymous players, we recommend that the game company improves its security, by blocking cheaters and griefers faster than they do at present, by changing blocking of a cheater from only a blocked account to a whole computersystem, and by making the game more expensive. We also recommend applying region or country functions when they people play anonymously to avoid linguistic misunderstandings and to ease communication by ensuring that players from the same country play with eachother and speak a common language. / Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur anonyma online-spelare bemöter varandra i spelmiljön som omger Counter Strike (CS GO), där det kan uppstå ett visst kommunikativt beteende som kan påverka andras spelupplevelse, såsom att fuska eller "griefa". Vi ville även undersöka hur man kan lösa de svårigheter som anonyma spelare upplevde när de spelade med varandra. Undersökningen använder kvalitativa metoder där data insamlades med hjälpav semistrukturerade intervjuer. Respondenterna som deltog i intervjuerna var totalt tio personer, fem tjejer och fem killar som hade spelat Counter Strike i minst två år. Frågorna som ställdes berörde bemötande, kommunikation, spelupplevelse, tillit, beteende, fuskare och griefers i Counter strike. Resultatet analyserades med hjälp av relevant tidigare forskning och teori. Resultaten visar att anonyma spelare bemötte varandra positivt eller negativt beroende på olika faktorer, såsom prestation, kön, erfarenhet, kommunikation och tillit. Positiv bemötandegav en positiv spelupplevelse som ökade lagsamarbetet och ändrade anonymitet till vänskap, medan negativ bemötande gav negativ spelupplevelse som gjorde att man tappade lust att spela ett tag, eftersom man hade höga förväntningar på andra. För att kunna förbättra Counter Strike för anonyma spelare rekommenderar vi att spelutvecklarna förbättrar sitt säkerhetssystem, genom att blockera fuskare och griefers snabbare än vanligt, förändra blockeringen av fuskare till att omfatta både konto och datorsystem, samt göra spelet dyrare. Vi rekommenderar även att tillämpa en region- eller landfunktion när man ska spela med fyra andra anonyma, för att förhindra språkmissförstånd samt underlätta kommunikation med varandra när man hamnar med spelare från samma land och talar ett gemensamt språk.

This thesis is concerned with the legislature of the Czech Republic, Bundesrepublik Deutschland and the Republic of France, as regards the anonymous abandonment of children in babyboxes, anonymous births and births with the identity of the mo- ther classified. It presents a complex overview of the legal framework in which the above mentioned institutions are functioning, from the point of view of the current legislation and factual state of affairs, set in the background of historical evolution of the individual institutes in individual states. The first chapter of the thesis de- als with the terminology, which in these questions is often somewhat confused and confusing, due to laymen influences and translations between languages. The se- cond chapter presents the current legal framework of the individual states, together with the umbrella framework of the international Agreements which are binding to all three of the countries. The third chapter deals with babyboxes, describing their functioning in Germany and in the Czech Republic. The fourth chapter presents the issue of anonymous births and of the french l'accouchement sous X, which is on the line between the anonymous birth and the birth with the identity of the mother classified. Fifth chapter is concerned with the births with classified identity...

[pt] A dissertação Visões invisíveis: ficcionalidade e representação do anônimo no jornalismo literário de Eliane Brum aborda como a jornalista e escritora Eliane Brum utiliza, em seus textos, estratégias narrativas e ficcionais para dar visibilidade a pessoas invisíveis da cidade. Para atingir seus objetivos, este trabalho analisa, a título de corpus principal, as crônicas-reportagens reunidas no livro A vida que ninguém vê. Trata-se de uma coletânea dos melhores textos publicados na coluna homônima do jornal Zero Hora, ao longo de 1999. Nesta análise, busca-se fazer um diálogo entre as obras de Brum, de outros escritores e de teóricos tais como Jacques Rancière, Georges Perec, Maurice Blanchot, Jean-François Lyotard, entre outros. Os estudos problematizados passam por questões relacionadas ao cotidiano, à ideia de ficcionalidade e a regimes de visibilidade. Uma das conclusões desta dissertação é que Eliane Brum restitui, pela linguagem e por estratégias ficcionais, o caráter de excepcionalidade do anônimo, dando a ver, assim, a vida que ninguém vê. Para isso, é necessário que ela primeiro enxergue verdadeiramente o ordinário da vida comum. / [en] The Invisible Views Essay: The fictionality and representation of the anon-ymous in the literary journalism of Eliana Brum addresses how she utilizes in her texts narrative and fictional strategies to give visibility to invisible people in the city. To accomplish it s goals, this work analizes primordially the essay-reports gathered in the book The Life Nobody Sees. Here we have a collection of the best texts published in the homonymous column in the Zero Hora newspaper published along 1999. In this analysis, one seeks to make a dialogue between the works of Brum, other writers and theoricians like Jacques Rancière, Georges Perec, Mau-rice Blanchot, Jean Françoise Lyotard among others. The problematized studies touch issues related to everyday life, the idea of functionality and visibility re-gimes. One of the conclusions of the essay is that Eliane Brum restores, by lan-guage and by functional strategies, the exceptionality character of the anonymous, making visible, thus, the life noone sees. For that it s necessary that she first truly sees the ordinary of common life.

No description available.

This thesis deals with contemporary approaches that provide higher protection of privacy of users. It focuses mainly on a group signature. In the practical part of this thesis I designed and implemented PS that is enable to gather information with the help of signal of a mobile device. The application was designed in accordance with fundamental cryptographic requirements such as the authenticity and the integrity of transmitted data. The anonymity of users is guaranteed through an application layer (the group signature) as well as through a network layer (Tor).

The threat of surveillance by governmental and industrial parties is more eminent than ever. As communication moves into the digital domain, the advances in automatic assessment and interpretation of enormous amounts of data enable tracking of millions of people, recording and monitoring their private life with an unprecedented accurateness. The knowledge of such an all-encompassing loss of privacy affects the behavior of individuals, inducing various degrees of (self-)censorship and anxiety. Furthermore, the monopoly of a few large-scale organizations on digital communication enables global censorship and manipulation of public opinion. Thus, the current situation undermines the freedom of speech to a detrimental degree and threatens the foundations of modern society. Anonymous and censorship-resistant communication systems are hence of utmost importance to circumvent constant surveillance. However, existing systems are highly vulnerable to infiltration and sabotage. In particular, Sybil attacks, i.e., powerful parties inserting a large number of fake identities into the system, enable malicious parties to observe and possibly manipulate a large fraction of the communication within the system. Friend-to-friend (F2F) overlays, which restrict direct communication to parties sharing a real-world trust relationship, are a promising countermeasure to Sybil attacks, since the requirement of establishing real-world trust increases the cost of infiltration drastically. Yet, existing F2F overlays suffer from a low performance, are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks, or fail to provide anonymity. Our first contribution in this thesis is concerned with an in-depth analysis of the concepts underlying the design of state-of-the-art F2F overlays. In the course of this analysis, we first extend the existing evaluation methods considerably, hence providing tools for both our and future research in the area of F2F overlays and distributed systems in general. Based on the novel methodology, we prove that existing approaches are inherently unable to offer acceptable delays without either requiring exhaustive maintenance costs or enabling denial-of-service attacks and de-anonymization. Consequentially, our second contribution lies in the design and evaluation of a novel concept for F2F overlays based on insights of the prior in-depth analysis. Our previous analysis has revealed that greedy embeddings allow highly efficient communication in arbitrary connectivity-restricted overlays by addressing participants through coordinates and adapting these coordinates to the overlay structure. However, greedy embeddings in their original form reveal the identity of the communicating parties and fail to provide the necessary resilience in the presence of dynamic and possibly malicious users. Therefore, we present a privacy-preserving communication protocol for greedy embeddings based on anonymous return addresses rather than identifying node coordinates. Furthermore, we enhance the communication’s robustness and attack-resistance by using multiple parallel embeddings and alternative algorithms for message delivery. We show that our approach achieves a low communication complexity. By replacing the coordinates with anonymous addresses, we furthermore provably achieve anonymity in the form of plausible deniability against an internal local adversary. Complementary, our simulation study on real-world data indicates that our approach is highly efficient and effectively mitigates the impact of failures as well as powerful denial-of-service attacks. Our fundamental results open new possibilities for anonymous and censorship-resistant applications. / Die Bedrohung der Überwachung durch staatliche oder kommerzielle Stellen ist ein drängendes Problem der modernen Gesellschaft. Heutzutage findet Kommunikation vermehrt über digitale Kanäle statt. Die so verfügbaren Daten über das Kommunikationsverhalten eines Großteils der Bevölkerung in Kombination mit den Möglichkeiten im Bereich der automatisierten Verarbeitung solcher Daten erlauben das großflächige Tracking von Millionen an Personen, deren Privatleben mit noch nie da gewesener Genauigkeit aufgezeichnet und beobachtet werden kann. Das Wissen über diese allumfassende Überwachung verändert das individuelle Verhalten und führt so zu (Selbst-)zensur sowie Ängsten. Des weiteren ermöglicht die Monopolstellung einiger weniger Internetkonzernen globale Zensur und Manipulation der öffentlichen Meinung. Deshalb stellt die momentane Situation eine drastische Einschränkung der Meinungsfreiheit dar und bedroht die Grundfesten der modernen Gesellschaft. Systeme zur anonymen und zensurresistenten Kommunikation sind daher von ungemeiner Wichtigkeit. Jedoch sind die momentanen System anfällig gegen Sabotage. Insbesondere ermöglichen es Sybil-Angriffe, bei denen ein Angreifer eine große Anzahl an gefälschten Teilnehmern in ein System einschleust und so einen großen Teil der Kommunikation kontrolliert, Kommunikation innerhalb eines solchen Systems zu beobachten und zu manipulieren. F2F Overlays dagegen erlauben nur direkte Kommunikation zwischen Teilnehmern, die eine Vertrauensbeziehung in der realen Welt teilen. Dadurch erschweren F2F Overlays das Eindringen von Angreifern in das System entscheidend und verringern so den Einfluss von Sybil-Angriffen. Allerdings leiden die existierenden F2F Overlays an geringer Leistungsfähigkeit, Anfälligkeit gegen Denial-of-Service Angriffe oder fehlender Anonymität. Der erste Beitrag dieser Arbeit liegt daher in der fokussierten Analyse der Konzepte, die in den momentanen F2F Overlays zum Einsatz kommen. Im Zuge dieser Arbeit erweitern wir zunächst die existierenden Evaluationsmethoden entscheidend und erarbeiten so Methoden, die Grundlagen für unsere sowie zukünftige Forschung in diesem Bereich bilden. Basierend auf diesen neuen Evaluationsmethoden zeigen wir, dass die existierenden Ansätze grundlegend nicht fähig sind, akzeptable Antwortzeiten bereitzustellen ohne im Zuge dessen enorme Instandhaltungskosten oder Anfälligkeiten gegen Angriffe in Kauf zu nehmen. Folglich besteht unser zweiter Beitrag in der Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines neuen Konzeptes für F2F Overlays, basierenden auf den Erkenntnissen der vorangehenden Analyse. Insbesondere ergab sich in der vorangehenden Evaluation, dass Greedy Embeddings hoch-effiziente Kommunikation erlauben indem sie Teilnehmer durch Koordinaten adressieren und diese an die Struktur des Overlays anpassen. Jedoch sind Greedy Embeddings in ihrer ursprünglichen Form nicht auf anonyme Kommunikation mit einer dynamischen Teilnehmermengen und potentiellen Angreifern ausgelegt. Daher präsentieren wir ein Privätssphäre-schützenden Kommunikationsprotokoll für F2F Overlays, in dem die identifizierenden Koordinaten durch anonyme Adressen ersetzt werden. Des weiteren erhöhen wir die Resistenz der Kommunikation durch den Einsatz mehrerer Embeddings und alternativer Algorithmen zum Finden von Routen. Wir beweisen, dass unser Ansatz eine geringe Kommunikationskomplexität im Bezug auf die eigentliche Kommunikation sowie die Instandhaltung des Embeddings aufweist. Ferner zeigt unsere Simulationstudie, dass der Ansatz effiziente Kommunikation mit kurzen Antwortszeiten und geringer Instandhaltungskosten erreicht sowie den Einfluss von Ausfälle und Angriffe erfolgreich abschwächt. Unsere grundlegenden Ergebnisse eröffnen neue Möglichkeiten in der Entwicklung anonymer und zensurresistenter Anwendungen.

The aim of this study is to examine how active participants in Alcoholics Anonymous experience the importance of social support and motivation within the group to maintain sobriety, and how this was affected by the covid-19 pandemic. The purpose is answered based on two questions: What significance does social support and motivation have for individual participants in Alcoholics Anonymous for maintaining sobriety? What opportunities have existed to provide continued social support during the pandemic and has the pandemic affected the motivation of the individual participants? The study uses a qualitative method consisting of semi-structured interviews with two active participants in Alcoholics Anonymous and six active participants who hold a position of trust as group service representatives in Alcoholics Anonymous. Theories we have used in our analysis of the collected material are Randall Collins' theory of social support, Interaction Rituals and Richard Ryan and Edward L. Deci´'s motivation theory, Self-Determination Theory. The results depict varying experiences about the importance of social support and motivation and to what extent the covid-19 pandemic has affected the individuals and groups. All respondents describe how the community was experienced more strongly during the pandemic as cooperation between participants was required to a greater extent. The contact between participants outside of meetings is described as significant, to enable continued social support. Common to all respondents is the importance of community and participants during meetings to maintain motivation for sobriety. The respondents describe how the social support and motivation did not affect the community as a whole during the pandemic. Furthermore, a majority of the respondents feel that the pandemic had an impact on individual participants who for various reasons did not have the opportunity, or chose not to attend meetings as a result of the pandemic. / Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur aktiva deltagare inom Anonyma alkoholister upplever betydelsen av socialt stöd och motivation inom gruppen för att bibehålla nykterhet, samt hur detta påverkats av covid-19 pandemin. Syftet besvaras utifrån två frågeställningar: Vilken betydelse har socialt stöd och motivation för enskilda deltagare inom Anonyma alkoholister för bibehållen nykterhet? Vilka möjligheter har funnits att tillhandahålla ett fortsatt socialt stöd under pandemin och har pandemin påverkat motivationen hos de enskilda deltagarna? I studien anläggs en kvalitativ metod beståendes av semistrukturerade intervjuer med två aktiva deltagare inom Anonyma alkoholister och sex aktiva deltagare som innehar ett förtroendeuppdrag som gruppservicerepresentanter inom Anonyma alkoholister. Teorier vi har utgått från i vår analys av det insamlade materialet är Randall Collins teori kring socialt stöd, Interaktionsritualer samt Richard Ryan och Edward L. Deci´s motivationsteori, Self-Determination Theory. Resultatet skildrar varierande upplevelser kring betydelsen av socialt stöd och motivation samt till vilken mån covid-19 pandemin påverkat de enskilda individerna och grupperna. Samtliga respondenter beskriver hur gemenskapen upplevts starkare under pandemin då det till högre mån krävts ett samarbete mellan deltagare. Kontakten mellan deltagare utanför möten beskrivs som betydande, för att möjliggöra ett fortsatt socialt stöd. Gemensamt för samtliga respondenter är betydelsen av gemenskap och deltagande under möten för att bibehålla motivation till nykterhet. Respondenterna beskriver hur det sociala stödet och motivationen inte påverkat gemenskapen som helhet under pandemin. Vidare upplever en majoritet av respondenterna att pandemin haft en påverkan på enskilda deltagare som av skilda anledningar inte haft möjlighet, eller valt att inte delta på möten till följd av pandemin.