Submitted by José Lucas da Silva (lucasantrop@hotmail.com) on 2018-04-27T20:30:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - José Lucas da Silva.pdf: 3410920 bytes, checksum: ccfcd123c4d23f7b8ead63815dbf1459 (MD5) / Rejected by Milena Maria Rodrigues null (milena@fclar.unesp.br), reason: José Lucas, bom dia. Para aprovação no Repositório Institucional da UNESP, será necessário realizar algumas correções na sua Dissertação. Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: - Os títulos do trabalho deverão ser todos em caixa alta na capa, página de rosto e folha de aprovação; - Na folha de aprovação deverá constar como defesa e a data que ocorreu e não do modo como está (Data da qualificação: EM ABERTO). Em caso de maiores dúvidas, entrar em contato com as bibliotecárias da Seção de Referência (Camila ou Elaine). Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-05-02T13:24:13Z (GMT) / Submitted by JOSE LUCAS SILVA (lucasantrop@hotmail.com) on 2018-05-04T13:34:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - José Lucas da Silva_REV.pdf: 3425337 bytes, checksum: e31513a621d449c7b1cefeccb9c2eb86 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Maria Rodrigues null (milena@fclar.unesp.br) on 2018-05-04T21:06:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_jl_me_arafcl.pdf: 3425337 bytes, checksum: e31513a621d449c7b1cefeccb9c2eb86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T21:06:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_jl_me_arafcl.pdf: 3425337 bytes, checksum: e31513a621d449c7b1cefeccb9c2eb86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística mantêm uma série histórica e coesa dos Censos Demográficos desde 1940, apresentando a cada 10 anos um "retrato do Brasil". A partir dos anos 1980 as comunidades científicas e confessionais tem se interessado pelos resultados deste levantamento quanto ao quesito religião. O IBGE apresenta uma única categoria sobre a religiosidade do recenseado em seu Censo Demográfico, “Qual sua Religião ou culto?”, caso responda-se de forma negativa o respondente será categorizado como Sem Religião. Percebe-se que dentro desta categoria não estão só ateus e agnósticos, mas também pessoas que vivenciam sua vida religiosa de alguma outra forma. Esta pesquisa de mestrado busca encontrar na série histórica da cidade de Araraquara - SP a produção do número destas pessoas. Os desafios teóricos e metodológicos foram e são como lidar com esta população específica tanto do ponto de vista estatístico quanto do ponto de vista empírico. Como preencher o dado númerico de sentido. Para tanto, reconstruímos a mobilidade religiosa da cidade de referência fazendo uma crítica da construção deste número e como narrar esta categoria ao longo do tempo. Procuramos construir uma aproximação com um local que congregasse estas pessoas Sem Religião. / The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics maintains a historical and cohesive series of Demographic Censuses since 1940, presenting every 10 years a "portrait of Brazil". Since the 1980s, the scientific and faith-based communities have taken an interest in the results of this survey regarding the religion department. The IBGE presents a single category on the religiosity of the registered in its Demographic Census, "Which is your religion or cult?", if responds in a negative way the respondent will be categorized as Without Religion. One can see that within this category there are not only atheists and agnostics, but also people who experience their religious life in some other way. This master's research seeks to find in the historical series of the city of Araraquara - SP the production of the number of these people. The theoretical and methodological challenges were and are how to deal with this specific population both from a statistical and an empirical point of view. How to fill in the numeric data of sense. To do so, we reconstruct the religious mobility of the city of reference by criticizing the construction of this number and how to narrate this category over time. We sought to build a rapprochement with a place that would congregate these people Without Religion.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Com a promulgaÃÃo da ConstituiÃÃo Federal de 1988, os espaÃos para a participaÃÃo da sociedade civil na definiÃÃo e implementaÃÃo das polÃticas pÃblicas no Brasil ampliaram-se significativamente. VÃrios setores minoritÃrios da sociedade brasileira, como negros Ãndios, mulheres e homossexuais, saÃram Ãs ruas para reivindicar seus direitos. Um desses grupos que passaram a reivindicar sua identidade e ancestralidade negra foram as comunidades que guardavam descendÃncias com pessoas que foram escravizadas no Brasil. Assim sendo, a Tese tem como objeto de estudo a elaboraÃÃo do RelatÃrio AntropolÃgico. Essa peÃa faz parte da produÃÃo de RelatÃrios TÃcnicos de IdentificaÃÃo e DelimitaÃÃo (R.T.I.D.). Esse documento à utilizado para a regularizaÃÃo fundiÃria de territÃrios de comunidades remanescentes de quilombos. O trabalho discute a formaÃÃo da identidade e do territÃrio quilombola a partir da elaboraÃÃo do relatÃrio antropolÃgico e do discurso implementado pelo antropÃlogo na comunidade, respaldado por uma prÃtica cientÃfica e social. Busca-se, aqui, compreender, a partir dos conceitos de movimentos sociais, sociedade civil, identidade, discurso e redes sociotÃcnicas, como sÃo produzidos territÃrios de comunidades quilombolas enquanto verdades passÃveis de serem reconhecidas pelo estado brasileiro. Nesta discussÃo, observamos que o relatÃrio antropolÃgico à ativamente produzido na e por meio da representaÃÃo. Esse trabalho tambÃm aborda a participaÃÃo das comunidades quilombolas como sujeitos sociais coletivos, como membros ativos de organizaÃÃes populares da sociedade civil. Veremos que o sujeito quilombola, portador de uma identidade ex-escrava, nÃo se configura a partir de uma ideia iluminista, em que o indivÃduo era centrado, unificado, dotado das capacidades de razÃo, de consciÃncia e de aÃÃo, cujo centro consistia num nÃcleo interior. A identidade, que sempre esteve ligada à perspectiva do Estado-naÃÃo, agora sofre profundas transformaÃÃes e essas, consequentemente, difundidas pelos novos discursos globalizados. E uma dessas transformaÃÃes serà feita pelo prÃprio discurso cientÃfico antropolÃgico. / With the promulgation of the 1988âs Federal Constitution in Brazil, the spaces for civilian societyâs participation in the implementation of public policies had increased substantially. Various minority sectors of the Brazilian society, like indians, women, homossexuals etc. took the streets to claim for their rights. One of this groups who claim their black identity and ancestry was the communities of descendants of former Brazilian slaves. Therefore, the thesis presents its object in the elaboration of an Anthropological Report. This piece is a part of the production in Tecnichal Reports of Identification and Delimitation (RTID). This document is used for the land regularization of the communitary territories of remaining quilombos. The work discusses about the formation of identity and the quilombola territorry starting with the elaboration of the anthropological report and discourse in these communities, implemented by the anthropologist as a social and cientifical praxis. The aim here is to comprehend by the concepts of social movement, civil society, identity, discourse and social-technical networks about how are produced quilombola groups as truths that can be recognized by the Brazilian State. In this discussion we observe that the anthropological report is actively produced by the means of representation. The thesis also approaches of the quilombola communitiesâ participation as colective subjects and active members in popular organizations of the civillian society. We will see that the quilombola subject, owner of an ex-slave identity, donât configurates itself as a illuminist idea of a well centered and unified individual. The identity that was always linked to the State-Nation perspective and now passes by profound transformations of the globalized discourses. One of this transformations will be made by the own scientifical discourse in anthropology.

Orientador: Mauro William Barbosa de Almeida / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T00:40:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Monteiro_Allan_D.pdf: 84346556 bytes, checksum: 0dd820d7ebd7e8a2ad8c83f1cabd09c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Esta tese trata da formação da paisagem, tendo como objeto principal o município de São Luiz do Paraitinga, na microrregião do Alto Paraíba paulista. A análise detalhada de um grande volume de documentos históricos permitiu traçar um minucioso histórico do povoamento da região, abarcando os contextos políticos e sociais que favoreceram essa iniciativa de ocupação. O povoamento de São Luiz do Paraitinga não se deu de forma espontânea, como teria sido comum em nosso período colonial, mas foi fruto de uma política de reordenamento populacional implantada na capitania de São Paulo a partir de 1765. Essas medidas encontraram ressonância no interesse de alguns habitantes de vilas do Vale do Paraíba, que voluntariamente se ofereceram a iniciar essa povoação, em 1769. A tese detalha todos os passos desse povoamento, mostrando como num período de aproximadamente uma década a paisagem passou a comportar uma estrutura que pouco teria se alterado até os dias de hoje. A partir disso, a análise da evolução demográfica e econômica de São Luiz buscou identificar a influência desses aspectos sociais sobre a paisagem, situando e caracterizando os principais ciclos econômicos do município, bem como suas peculiaridades em relação à economia regional e à demografia do Vale do Paraíba. Nesta tese, a noção de paisagem tem dois sentidos. Em um deles, é entendida em sua realidade concreta, resultado sempre inconcluso das transformações que a sociedade impõe ao espaço. O outro remete a um modo de enxergar e entender o espaço. Nessa paisagem nativa, fruto também dessa estrutura inaugurada com o povoamento da região, a propriedade da terra tem papel de destaque, espacializando a sociedade e criando as referências para as relações de vizinhança. Ao deslocar o foco para a propriedade da terra, afirmando que é a partir dela que a paisagem é organizada e entendida localmente, esta tese segue um caminho diverso ao tomado pelos estudos clássicos de sociologia rural, que enxergam no bairro rural a unidade sociológica mais relevante / Abstract: This thesis is about the landscape formation and has as main object the city of São Luiz do Paraitinga in the region of Alto Paraíba, Estate of São Paulo. The analysis of a great volume of historical data elucidated a detailed description of the region settlement considering the social and political contexts involved in this occupation initiatives. The settlement of São Luiz do Paraitinga was not spontaneous but a result of local interests in agreement with a politics for population reordering which was been applied in the Captaincy of São Paulo from 1765. This thesis details this settlement steps, showing how in a period of a decade the landscape started to hold a structure unmodified until the present. From beyond, the analysis of the demographic and economic evolution shown the influence of these social aspects on the landscape evolution. In this thesis, the concept of landscape has two directions. First, it is understood on its own concrete reality, always as an unfinished result of interactions between society and the space. Second, it deals with a particular conception about the space. In this native landscape the land tenure has prominence role creating the social references for the neighborhood relations. Affirming that the land tenure is essential to understand the landscape, this thesis diverge from the classics studies about rural sociology which consider the rural village as the most significant sociological entity / Doutorado / Ciencias Sociais / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This paper proposes using the complementarity of text and writing an ethnographic photoethnographic do some reading about the displacement of the subjects in the urban towns of Uruguaiana (BRA) and Paso de los Libres (ARG), Deliverance (BRA) and Rivera (URU). When people move on space planning, move with them cultural and material goods, ways of thinking and seeing the world. These guys crossing the bridge or take the line with them all their references to the world allowing that culture can be seen as a make, which can be produced and reproduced. In these various shifts for a diversity of views on the border, so try to understand how individuals who live in or are just passing through it, move in this space, how they relate from territorial marks, discussing the concepts of anthropological place and no place proposed by Marc Augé (1994). To present and describe the seizures made from the resort to fieldwork as photoethnographic founding of this research methodology, and this study included in discussions of audiovisual anthropology. / Este trabalho se propõe por meio da complementaridade entre texto etnográfico escrito e uma fotoetnografia realizar uma leitura sobre os deslocamentos dos sujeitos no espaço urbano, nas cidades de Uruguaiana (BRA) e Paso de Los Libres (ARG), Livramento (BRA) e Rivera (URU). Ao se moverem pessoas sobre o espaço territorial, se movem com elas bens culturais e materiais, modos de pensar e ver o mundo. Esses sujeitos que atravessam a ponte ou a linha levam com eles todas as suas referências de mundo permitindo que a cultura possa ser vista enquanto um fazer, possível de ser produzido e reproduzido. Nestes diferentes deslocamentos há uma diversidade de olhares sobre a fronteira, por isso procuro entender como os sujeitos que moram na região ou que estão somente de passagem por ela, se movem neste espaço, como se relacionam a partir dos marcos territoriais, discutindo os conceitos de lugar antropológico e não-lugar propostos por Marc Augé (1994). Para apresentar e descrever as apreensões realizadas a partir do trabalho de campo recorro à fotoetnografia como metodologia fundante desta pesquisa, estando este estudo inserido nas discussões da antropologia audiovisual.

Alors que l’accès aux traitements antirétroviraux se généralise dans les pays en développement, l’émergence de résistances virales, liées aux échecs thérapeutiques, constitue une menace sur un plan individuel et collectif. Au Cameroun, la prévention, la détection et la prise en charge des échecs thérapeutiques se heurtent à différentes contraintes. A travers une approche anthropologique, cette thèse explore le contexte et les déterminants des échecs thérapeutiques. Le défaut d’observance est la principale cause de leur survenue. Les équipes médicales et psychosociales font face à l’absence de guides et de procédures adaptées. Aussi l’annonce de l’échec est-elle souvent associée à une culpabilisation des patients, auxquels les soignants attribuent la seule responsabilité de l’échec. L’adaptation des structures est limitée. La prise en charge médicale et psychosociale est focalisée sur le démarrage du traitement et le changement de traitement, mais le suivi à long terme est inexistant. La perception, par les patients, des médicaments antirétroviraux, est perturbée par la survenue de l’échec. L’échec redéfinit les relations de pouvoir et de confiance entre les soignants et les patients. L’attitude des soignants oscille entre compassion et réprobation, alors que l’échec renforce la dépendance des patients. Cette thèse vise à contribuer aux réflexions anthropologiques sur les médicaments, le système de santé et les relations soignants-soignés mais aussi à contribuer à l’amélioration de la prise en charge des patients en échec, pour préserver l’efficacité des thérapies antirétrovirales, sur laquelle repose l’espoir, d’éradiquer un jour l’épidémie. / When antiretroviral treatment becomes widespread in countries in the Global South, the emergence of viral resistance related to treatment failures is a threat for individuals and the general public. In Cameroon, various constraints hinder the prevention, detection and case management of treatment failures. Through an anthropological approach, this dissertation explores the context and determinants of treatment failures. Nonadherence is the main cause of their onset. Medical and psychosocial teams must face a lack of suitable guidelines and procedures. Also, notification of the failure is often associated with placing blame on patients, on whom caregivers assign sole responsibility for the failure. Adaptation in facilities is limited. Medical and psychosocial care is focused on starting treatment and making changes in treatment, but long-term follow-up does not exist. Patients’ perceptions of antiretrovirals are hampered by failures. The failure redefines power relationships and trust between caregivers and patients. Caregivers’ attitudes vacillate between compassion and condemnation, while the failure reinforces the patients’ dependence. This dissertation aims to contribute to the anthropological discussion on medicines, the health system and the caregiver-patient relationship as well as to improve care for patients with treatment failure to ensure the continued effectiveness of antiretroviral therapies that underlie any hopes of one day eradicating the epidemic.

This study focuses on the phonetics of creaky voice saliency and the perceptual sociolinguistic indexes that are evoked during creaky voice use. This study consists of two experiments: the first a listener judgment based Likert scale, the second an AXB study. The first experiment used modal and creaky voice statement-of-fact tokens to determine whether the speaker is or isn’t x characteristic (intelligent, feminine, educated, masculine, hesitant, and confident). This study found that both male and female speakers were found to be less intelligent, less educated, less feminine, more masculine, less confident, and more hesitant when using creaky voice phonation as compared to the modal register. Participants also rated male and female speakers as statistically different. During the second experiment the participants listened to continuums that went from modal register to extreme creaky voice (based on F0 levels). Participants performed an AXB task to determine ability at distinguishing levels of creaky voice along the continuum. This study found that participants were less able to correctly detect the level of creaky voice in the female speaker for the lower half of the continuum when compared to the male speaker.

Magister Educationis - MEd / This study examines the impact of two different models of teaching English to Chinese children, to see whether it meets learners’ needs. These two different approaches appear to lead to different result for children. The results of the analysis appear to show that this teaching programme is failing the children at Z’SL. Therefore, the course needs to be reviewed and improved. Four research tools were used in this study: interviews, questionnaires, classroom observation, and document analysis. Interviews and questionnaires were distributed to coordinators and teachers at both schools. Questionnaires were also distributed to the parents of students. Classroom observation was done during normal class time by the researcher. The document analysis dealt with the analysis of the textbooks. The results of the study appear to show that the teaching programme in English at Z’SL has failed to meet the children’s needs. The materials are not designed for young learner’s needs. They just emphasize the four skills of English in an English environment, but neglect the relatively unstable language situation of the children. The teaching methodology emphasized the direct method, but neglected children’s needs. Children should be taught to know how to use a language in the society they live in and to learn a second language effectively for actual use. This study concludes that two-way bilingual education and the cognitive developmental approach are most effective to develop dual language proficiency for Chinese children in their native language and English in order to bring up the children as members of Chinese society. Additive bilingualism education is also appropriate for Chinese children when the home language is a majority language and the school is adding a second minority or majority language. Another consideration is that collaboration between parents and teachers is more effective to provide opportunities for children to maintain their own language and culture while children acquire a second language / South Africa

The purpose of this study was to examine the implicit language attitudes of college-level instructors toward accented English and the effect of gender, teaching experience, and home language background on those attitudes. The auditory multifactor Implicit Association Test (IAT) was used to measure the implicit attitudes toward Standard, Chinese, Hispanic, and Korean accented English. For the current study, audio stimuli were embedded into the multifactor IAT, which became available for the first time in 2014. The auditory multifactor IAT generated implicit preference scores of six pairs of accented English: Standard vs. Chinese, Standard vs. Hispanic, Standard vs. Korean, Chinese vs. Hispanic, Chinese vs. Korean, and Hispanic vs. Korean accented English. Participants (N = 93) included college instructors at an urban university in Florida. Statistical analysis results suggested that college instructors in this study exhibited some bias towards speakers of Hispanic-accented English, but no bias toward the other five. However, analysis of the frequency distributions of the responses showed bi-polar accent biases did exist. It was possible that the similar numbers for the polar opposites balanced each other in the statistical results of no bias. Gender and home language background had no effect on implicit preference scores. The years of teaching experience had significant effect in Hispanic- vs. Korean-accented English, but not in the other five accented language pairs. However, close examination of the beta coefficient per year indicated that the relationship was weak even though the effect was significant. Faculty, administrators, and students could use test results as a topic of discussion in faculty development, teaching assistant training, student services, and diversity training in higher education institutions. The discussions might help awareness of hidden-yet-present accent bias and prevent potential prejudice toward other accented English speakers. The administrators need to be aware that preferences do exist toward accented English speakers. These preferences--or biases--toward an accent may be important in selecting instructors.

Continuing from Eckert’s line of research, I aim to explore the social meaning of common features loaded with gendered ideology: uptalk, creaky voice, and tag questions to name a few (Eckert 2008). Some indexical properties of these features have been alluded to in a study by Ikuko Patricia Yuasa, who found in a match-guise test that many female users of creaky voice are perceived as “educated, urban-oriented and upwardly mobile” (2010). Yet these findings are divorced from the “interactional and stylistic ends” to which girls used these marked features that Eckert and McLemore identify, when in fact they should be in direct conversation. In the process, I aim to make speech used by mainstream populations a conscious object of study, critically examining whether the features index a specific and exclusive construction of femininity that represents any sort of prestige in the specific setting of a women’s college. This entails studying not only who adopts these features and to what means, but who do not and what alternative patterns of speech they pursue instead. Thus, this project aims to elucidate the complicated choices that young women make in speech and the social meanings they convey in those choices.

The current study implements a speech perception experiment that interrogates local perceptions of Spanish varieties in Miami. Participants (N=292) listened to recordings of three Spanish varieties (Peninsular, Highland Colombian, and Post-Castro Cuban) and were given background information about the speakers, including the parents’ country of origin. In certain cases, the parents’ national-origin label matched the country of origin of the speaker, but otherwise the background information and voices were mismatched. The manipulation distinguishes perceptions determined by bottom-up cues (dialect) from top-down ones (social information). Participants then rated each voice for a range of personal characteristics and answered hypothetical questions about the speakers’ employment, family, and income. Results show clear top-down effects of the social information that often drive perceptions up or down depending on the traits themselves. Additionally, the data suggest differences in perceptions between Hispanic/non-Hispanic and Cuban/non-Cuban participants, although the Cuban participants do not drive the Hispanic participants’ perceptions.