Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-09T12:28:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-08-22Bitstream added on 2015-04-09T12:48:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000814062_20160822.pdf: 243871 bytes, checksum: fe309c9208ee9e7a7add1becc5230543 (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2016-08-22T16:41:50Z: 000814062_20160822.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-08-22T16:42:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000814062.pdf: 696358 bytes, checksum: a10970053c2154fdbb6fb7f381c9434d (MD5) / O efeito oxidante provocado por radicais livres provenientes do metabolismo do O 2 , ocorre naturalmente no organismo. O estresse oxidativo, aumento dessa condição, está correlacionado ao aparecimento de doenças, e pode ser intensificado devido à exposição a fatores externos, como a radiação solar, causando assim danos c elulares significativos, que podem levar ao envelhecimento acelerado das células. Estudos com extratos vegetais tê m demons trado que os mesmos contêm compostos de interesse farmacológico para tratar e/ou prevenir os danos celulares causados pelo estresse oxidativo, resultando em uma ação fotoprotetora e antiglicante. Entre as espécies vegetais , a família Annonaceae possui representantes que apresentam compostos bioativos com diferentes atividades farmacológicas, tornando - as importantes para a análise de sua capacidade antioxidante e a relação com o potencial fotoprotetor e antiglicante. Partindo desse pressuposto, este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o potencial antioxidante, fotoprotetor e antiglicante com ensaios in vitro , além de quantificar fenóis e flavonoides totais presentes nas amostras, e também realizar a caracterização por cromatografia de camada delgada para flavonoides, terpenoides e alcaloides dos extratos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que A. crassiflora e A. cacans apresentaram os melhores valores na maioria dos testes de avaliação da capacidade antioxidante e entre os tipos de extratos avaliados, bem como para potencial fotoprotetor. O extrato da folha de A. crassiflora apresentou os melhores resultados para teste antiglicação, bem como para quantificação de fenóis. Dentre as polpas A. muricata que obteve o melhor resultado antig licação. Para flavonoides tanto na... / The oxidative effect caused by free radicals derived from O 2 metabolism occurs naturally in the human body. The oxidative stress, the increase of this condition, is correlated with the disease's appearance and can be intensified by the exposure of extern factors, like solar radiation, thus causing significant cellu lar damage and also may cause faster aging of cells. Researches with plant extracts have shown that they may have compounds with pharmacological interesting to healing and/or preventing cellular damag es caused by oxidative stress, those may results a photo protective and antiglicant activity. Among the plant species, the Annonaceae family has representatives that contain bioactive compounds with different pharmacological activities, making them important to the study of antioxidative capacity and its relatio n with photoprotective and anti glicant potential. Then , this project is designed to measure the oxidative, photoprotective and antiglicant potential in in vitro assays, and also to quantify the total phenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins in the samples . Another target is also to characterize by phytochemistry the extracts with higher antioxidant activity. The results showed that A. crassiflora and A. cacans are best in most tests of antioxidant capacity and between types of extracts evaluated, as well as potential sunscreen. The leaf extract of A. crassiflora sh owed the best results for anti - glycation test , as well as quantification of phenols. Among the pulps A . muricata we got the best anti - glycation result. To quantify both the flavonoids, as in CCD, the best results were found in the leaf of...

Orientador : Christiane Pienna Soares / Banca: Raquel Alves dos Santos / Banca: Celso Teixeira Mendes Júnior / Banca: André Gonzaga dos Santos / Banca: Luis Octávio Regasini / Resumo: As atividades biológicas e farmacológicas dos biflavonoides são diversas incluindo suas propriedades imunossupressivas, anticancerígenas, antioxidantes, antiangiogênicas, antibacterianas, antivirais e antifúngicas. No presente estudo, avaliou-se a potencial capacidade do biflavonoide morelloflavona, isolada de Garcinia xanthochymus, em modular a expressão de HLA-G (Human Leukocyte Antigen- G), bem como seu potencial efeito quimiopreventivo. Inicialmente, foi avaliado o índice de morte celular causado pela morelloflavona por meio do ensaio de Anexina V - Iodeto de proídio em PBMC (Células mononucleares do sangue periférico), o qual apresentou índices de morte celular significantes. Através da citometria de fluxo observou-se um aumento da expressão de HLA-G vinculado à membrana celular em linhagens de melanoma (FON) (p < 0,001). Pôde-se observar a indução de HLA-G solúvel em linhagens de melanoma transfectada (M8-HLA-G1) (p < 0,001), sem alteração para os demais tipos celulares estudados, pelo ensaio imunoenzimático- ELISA. A expressão de RNAm de HLA-G também foi induzida pela morelloflavona, observada pela RT- PCR, em células de melanoma M8 que não expressam HLA-G constitutivamente. Ainda, foi avaliada a atividade quimiopreventiva da morelloflavona. Observou-se a duplicação da atividade da enzima quinona redutase na linhagem de hepatocarcinoma celular (Hepa1c1c7) por meio do ensaio quinona redutase. Pelo ensaio do cometa foi possível verificar a capacidade genotóxica e antigenotóxica. Em relação à antigenotoxicidade, a morelloflavona causou dano de DNA no pré-tratamento. No pós-tratamento foi observado que a morelloflavona pode ter a capacidade de reverter danos de DNA causados pelo peróxido de hidrogênio. Sendo assim, os dados demonstrados revelam que a morelloflavona induz a expressão de HLA-G e possui efeito quimiopreventivo. / Abstract: The biological and pharmacological activities of biflavonoids are diverse, including their immunosuppressive, anticancer, antioxidant, antiangiogenic, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties. In the present study we assessed the potential ability of morelloflavone, a biflavonoid isolated from Garcinia xanthochymus in modulating the expression of HLA-G (Human Leukocyte Antigen-G), as well as their potential chemopreventive effect. First, we measured the rate of cell death by morelloflavone using Annexin V - Propidium iodide assay in PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells), which showed significant levels of cell death. By flow cytometry was observed the increased expression of HLA-G membrane bound in melanoma cells line (FON) (p < 0.001). Also, was observed the induction of HLA-G soluble in transfected melanoma cells line (M8-HLA-G1) (p < 0.001), with no change to other cell types studied by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay - ELISA. The expression of HLA-G mRNA was also induced by morelloflavone, observed by RT-PCR, in melanoma cells (M8) that do not express HLA-G constitutively. Still, we evaluated the chemopreventive activity of morelloflavone. We observed a doubling of quinone reductase enzyme activity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells line (Hepa1c1c7) by quinone reductase assay. By comet assay we were able to verify the genotoxic and antigenotoxic capacity. Regarding antigenotoxicity, morelloflavone caused DNA damage pre treatment. In the posttreatment was observed that morelloflavone may be capable of reversing DNA damage caused by hydrogen peroxide. Thus, the data show that morelloflavone induces the expression of HLA-G and has chemopreventive effect. / Doutor

Orientador: Tiago Santana Balbuena / Banca: José Roberto Aparecido dos Santos Pinto / Banca: Alessandro de Mello Varani / Resumo: As mudanças climáticas globais podem alterar significativamente o metabolismo das células vegetais. Um cenário com alta concentração de CO2 atmosférico pode ser benéfico para plantas do tipo C3 devido ao estímulo à fixação de carbono. No entanto, esse aumento esperado na taxa de assimilação de carbono também pode aumentar a atividade e a expressão das enzimas envolvidas na cadeia de transporte de elétrons, resultando em maior acúmulo de espécies reativas de oxigênio. Nesse trabalho, foi estudada a resposta do sistema antioxidante em cloroplastos de Eucalyptus urophylla cultivados sob altas concentrações de CO2. As plantas de E. urophylla expostas a alta concentração de CO2 (980 ppm) mostraram um aumento no fechamento estomático e pequena, mas significativa, indução do estresse oxidativo em relação as plantas cultivadas em concentração atmosférica de CO2. Entretanto, essas respostas não foram observadas quando as plantas foram cultivadas em concentração de CO2 igual a 680 ppm, cujo tratamento induziu abertura estomática. Através de uma abordagem de proteômica de descoberta, foram identificadas e detectadas 19 proteoformas antioxidantes cloroplastidiais e 2 proteoformas diferencialmente reguladas. Dentre essas, destacam-se uma proteoforma de ascorbato peroxidase e uma de superóxido dismutase, as quais estão possivelmente envolvidas na neutralização de espécies reativas de oxigênio após cultivo em atmosfera enriquecida com CO2, e que podem ser utilizadas como marcadores bioquími... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Global climate change can significantly alter plant cell metabolism. A higher atmospheric CO2 scenario may be beneficial for C3 plants through the stimulation of carbon fixation. However, this predicted increase in the rate of carbon assimilation may also increase the activity and expression of enzymes involved in the electron transport chain, resulting in higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Here, we studied the responses of the chloroplast antioxidant system of Eucalyptus urophylla plants cultivated under high-CO2 conditions. E. urophylla plants exposed to a high concentration (980 ppm) of CO2 showed an increase in stomatal closure and a small, but significant, induction of oxidative stress in relation to plants grown at atmospheric CO2 concentration. However, these responses were not observed at a CO2 concentration equal to 680 ppm, which induced stomatal aperture. With the discovery proteomics approach used herein, we identified 19 chloroplast antioxidant proteoforms and pinpointed 2 differentially regulated antioxidants proteoforms. We highlight an isoform of ascorbate peroxidase and one of superoxide dismutase, which are possibly involved in the neutralization of reactive oxygen species upon cultivation in a high CO2 atmosphere and could be used as biochemical markers of abiotic stress or as targets in genetic engineering programs. / Mestre

Les réfractaires alumine-carbone sont largement utilisés dans la coulée continue de l'acier. Ils sont responsables du contrôle du flux d'acier et de sa protection contre l'oxydation. Cependant, pour améliorer leur propre résistance à l'oxydation, plusieurs additifs tels que des carbures, des métaux, des composés à bas point de fusion et des frittes de verre sont ajoutés en tant qu'antioxydants. Dans cette étude, l'influence de ces additifs, ainsi que des conditions de cuisson, sur les propriétés liées à la résistance aux chocs thermiques des matériaux réfractaires à matrice carbonée a été étudiée. Des matériaux modèles, ayant une composition simplifiée par rapport aux matériaux industriels, ont été étudiés pour faciliter la compréhension des interactions entre les différents constituants du composite. Le comportement des matériaux réticulés (avant cuisson) et cuits a été étudié. La première partie de l'étude a montré que les antioxydants peuvent modifier les propriétés du réfractaire par différents mécanismes : cristallisation de la liaison carbone (B4C), guérison des microfissures (borax et fritte de verre) et formation de nouvelles phases (Al-Si). Cependant, puisque les additifs métalliques sont les antioxydants les plus largement utilisés dans les produits de Vesuvius, la deuxième partie de l'étude a porté sur leur impact (Al-Si,Al-Mg et Al) sur les propriétés clés influençant la résistance aux chocs thermiques. En plus, l'impact des conditions de cuisson (température et atmosphère) a également été étudié. Il a été prouvé que tous les antioxydants métalliques réagissent avec d'autres constituants pour former de nouvelles phases qui à la fois rigidifient le réfractaire et augmentent sa valeur du coefficient de dilatation thermique. Malheureusement, un tel comportement entraîne une détérioration de la résistance aux chocs thermiques. De plus, il s'est avéré que l'atmosphère de cuisson a une influence négligeable sur la réactivité des additifs et donc sur les propriétés finales du réfractaire. Ainsi, la température de cuisson est le paramètre qui a l'impact le plus important sur l'évolution réfractaire. Tous les résultats obtenus facilitent le choix des antioxydants et des conditions de cuisson pour obtenir les propriétés souhaitées du réfractaire. / Alumina-carbon refractories are widely used in the continuous casting of steel. They are responsible for the steel flow control and its protection against oxidation. However, to improve their own oxidation resistance, several additives such as carbides, metals, low melting point compounds and glass frits are added as antioxidants. In this study, the influence of these additives, as well as firing conditions, on the properties related to the thermal shock resistance of carbon-bonded refractories was studied. Model materials, having simplified composition compared to the real industrial ones, were investigated tofacilitate the comprehension of interactions between different constituents of the composite. Behavior of both cured (before firing) and fired materials was studied. The first part of the study proved that antioxidants may modify the properties of the refractory through different mechanisms: crystallization of the carbon bond (B4C), microcracks healing (anhydrous borax and glass frit) and formation of new phases (Al-Si). However, since the metallic additives are the most widely used antioxidants in Vesuvius' products, the second part of the study was focused on their (Al-Si, Al-Mg and Al) impact on the key properties influencing the thermal shock resistance. What is more, the impact of firing conditions (temperature and atmosphere) was also investigated. It was proved that all metallic antioxidants react with other constituents to form new phases which both rigidify the refractory and increase its value of the coefficient of thermal expansion. Unfortunately, such behavior results in worsening of the thermal shock resistance. Moreover, it turned out that the firing atmosphere has a negligible influence on the additives reactivity and thus the final properties of the refractory. Thus, firing temperature is the parameter that has the most important impact on the refractory evolution. All the obtained results facilitate the choice of antioxidants and firing condition to obtain desired properties of the refractory.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:03:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rocha_kkhr_dr_botib.pdf: 416683 bytes, checksum: 5ae8a3ced104d390ae18ef0569816756 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / The aim ofthis study was to determine the effects ofresveratrol in animais supplemented with ethanol by 3 days weeks by morphometrics and nutricional parameters in rats. 30 Wistar rats were divided into S groups. Control group (C, n=6) received drinking water. The ethanol group (E, n=6) received ethanol aqueous solution during 3 days and drinking water for 4 days. ER group (n=6) received ethanol and resveratrol (6mgIL) aqueous solution during 3 days and drinking water for 4 days. ES group (n=6) received ethanol and sucrose (30%) solution in drinking water 3 days/week; and ESR group, received ethanol and sucrose solution as ES group and resveratrol (6mg/L) 3 days/week during 30 days. Ali animais received standard chow diet and solutions ad libitllm. Statistical analyses: ANOV A, with Bonferroni, post hoc test, p<O.OS. Ethanol intake reduced the palatability and solution intake, increased total energy intake in relation a control, except ESR group. Ethanol increased length body in relation a control group in animais without supplementation with sucrose. Ethanol and sucrose solution reduced chow consumption, alimentary preference and increased alimentary efficiency compared with C and E groups, and increased total energy intake in relation a E. Resveratrol treatment reduced ethanol consumption and total energy intake in ER group in comparison with E and reduced alimentary preference and Lee index when compared to C. Resveratrol treatment in rats received ethanol and sucrose increased total energy intake, preference and efficiency alimentary, and reduced chow consumption in relation to C, E and ER groups. The resveratrol in ESR group increased solution and ethanol consumption when compared to E, ER e ES, beyond of increased palatability and resveratrol consumption in relation an ER group. The resveratrol in ESR elevated the body final weight in relation to C, ER and ES; and body weight ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-07-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:07:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 machado_tm_dr_botib.pdf: 610369 bytes, checksum: be1a5abd6374d011244c115b979f3972 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho objetivou determinar o efeito de diversos tratamentos de sanitização na qualidade físico-química, fitossanitária e o teor de antioxidantes (poliaminas, fenóis, flavonóides, ácido ascórbico, clorofila) além do potencial antioxidante de brócolis orgânicos e convencionais e qualidade enzimática de trinta e uma variedades de radicchio. Os brócolis orgânicos e convencionais foram adquiridos de produtores locais do município de Botucatu/SP. Os vegetais foram lavados, higienizados com água clorada e ozonizada por 5 e 10 minutos e armazenados em câmara fria a 6±1°C por sete dias. As coletas foram realizadas a cada três dias. O modo de cultivo aliado aos tratamentos de lavagem influenciou significativamente AT e os SS. Os tratamentos com água ozonizada por 5 e 10’ foram eficazes na diminuição da carga microbiana nos brócolis tratados. Não houve influencia do modo de cultivo nos teores de Cu, Zn e Mn. O uso do ozônio não alterou as qualidades físico-químicas dos brócolis, independente do modo de cultivo, o que pode ser promissor, como alternativa para uso como sanitizante. Houve influencia dos tratamentos de sanitização no período de avaliação para os antioxidantes, poliaminas e capacidade antioxidante nos brócolis orgânicos e convencionais. Os brócolis orgânicos apresentaram maiores teores de antioxidantes. Verificou-se que as variedades T e T 506 Chioggia e Chioggia 706 foram as que apresentaram maior atividade enzimática. A variedade Castellano Lucrezia apresentou maior atividade da polifenoloxidade. Para o teor de proteínas solúveis totais a 5070 F1 Chioggia foi a variedade que apresentou maior teor de proteínas solúveis totais / This study investigated the effect of various sanitization treatments on the physicochemical, plant and content of antioxidants (polyamines, phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, chlorophyll) addition of the antioxidant potential of organic and conventional broccoli and quality of enzymatic thirty-one varieties of radicchio. The organic and conventional broccoli were purchased from local producers of Botucatu / SP. The vegetables were washed, sanitized with chlorinated water and ozonated for 5 and 10 minutes and stored in cold storage at 6 ± 1 ° C for seven days. Samples were collected every three days. The cultivation methods together with the washing treatments significantly affected TA and SS. The treatments with ozonated water for 5 and 10 'were effective at reducing the microbial load in broccoli treated. There was no influence of cultivation methods for Cu, Zn and Mn. The use of ozone did not change the physicochemical quality of broccoli, regardless of the method of cultivation, which can be promising alternative for use as a sanitizer. There was influence of sanitation treatments during evaluation for antioxidants, polyamines and antioxidant capacity in organic and conventional broccoli. The organic broccoli showed higher levels of antioxidants. It was found that the peroxidase activity was higher in the varieties T and T 506 and Chioggia Chioggia 706. In the variety Castellano Lucrezia was obtained the highest activity of polyphenyloxidase. For the total soluble protein content, the 5070 F1 Chioggia variety showed the highest content of total soluble proteins

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-07-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:46:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_dp_dr_araiq.pdf: 1188899 bytes, checksum: d68232ae67613f5466f8f1011c845d6e (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O Poli ácido glutâmico (PAG) é um poliaminoácido sintético formado por unidades repetitivas de glutamato, que apresentam grupos carboxilas ao longo de sua cadeia principal. A preparação de eletrodos de carbono vítreo modificados com filmes de PAG foi investigada utilizando-se três diferentes procedimentos: eletropolimerização do ácido glutâmico (MONO); deposição direta de poli ácido glutâmico (PAG) e poli ácido glutâmico:glutaraldeído (PAG:GLU) seguida de secagem a temperatura ambiente. Após secagem, o eletrodo modificado foi submetido a ciclos sucessivos entre -0,8 a +2,0 V sob velocidade de varredura de 100 mV s-1. O ácido ascórbico foi usado como composto modelo para os eletrodos modificados, os quais apresentaram um efeito eletrocatalítico na oxidação do mesmo. Os eletrodos modificados foram caracterizados por microscopia de força atômica (AFM) e espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica (EIS). O recobrimento sobre a superfície pela adição de PAG apresentou a melhor performance exibindo filmes nanoestruturados e uniformes com baixa resistência à transferência de carga. Os eletrodos modificados por filmes PAG foram usados para estudar a oxidação do flavonóide rutina. Os resultados mostraram um par de picos redox em +0,46/+0,43 V, usado para a pré-concentração da rutina. Uma curva analítica foi obtida no intervalo de 0,9 a 9,0 μmol L-1 e o método proposto foi aplicado para análise do antioxidante em formulação farmacêutica. Os eletrodos modificados por filmes PAG foram também usados para determinação de ácido cafêico. Um par de pico redox reversível em +0,42/+0,45 V foi obtido para o ácido cafêico em tampão B-R pH 3,5. O método foi aplicado para a determinação de ácido cafêico em amostra de vinho tinto, detectando nível de concentração de 34,8μg mL-1 sem tratamento... / The poly glutamic acid (PAG) is a syntetic poliamonacid composed by repetitive glutamate units that shows carboxylic groups in the long of the principal chain. Films of PAG on the glassy carbon electrode was investigated by three diferents procedures: glutamic acid eletropomelimerization (MONO), direct deposition of the poly glutamic acid (PAG) and poly glutamic acid:glutaraldehyde (PAG:GLU), followed by drying at room temperature. After solvent evaporation, the modified electrode was submitted by cycles sucessives from -0.8 to +2.0 V at scan rate of 100 mV s-1. The ascorbic acid was used as a model compound in the modified electrodes, which presented an electrocatitic effect in the oxidation of the ascorbic acid. The modified electrodes were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Coantings by poly glutamic acid onto the surface presented best performance by addition of PAG films that exhibits films nanostructured and uniforms with lower resistance to charge transfer. The modified electrode by PAG films were investigated to oxidation of rutin flavonoid. The results showed a redox pair of peaks at +0.46/+0.43 V, and linear analytical curve at 0.9 to 9.0 x 10-6 mol L-1. The method proposed was successful applied for rutin determination in pharmaceutical formulation. The modified electrode by PAG films was also used to determine cafeic acid. A reversible redox peak pair at +0.42/+0.45 V was obtained for cafeic acid at B-R buffer pH 3,5. The method was applied for cafeic acid determination in the red...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:26:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_bv_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 1496519 bytes, checksum: 66727a17c8bb9d049c65239284863d62 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo desse projeto foi determinar a eficiência do uso de antioxidantes na prevenção de efeitos deletérios da congelação de sêmen em cães férteis e subférteis. Para isso foram executados dois experimentos: O primeiro teve como objetivo comparar os resultados da congelação do sêmen de cães férteis e subférteis, utilizando meio diluente a base de TRIS/gema de ovo/glicerol, com a adição ou não de antioxidantes (Catalase, Superóxido Dismutase e suas associações, ácido ascórbico, tocoferol e suas associações). O segundo experimento teve como objetivo comparar os resultados da congelação do sêmen de cães férteis e subférteis, suplementados com 500mg de vitamina C e E, por via oral, durante 60 dias. Foram utilizados 13 cães, sendo 7 considerados férteis e 6 classificados com subférteis. Os cães férteis apresentavam exame andrológico dentro dos padrões recomendados pelo CBRA; os subférteis apresentavam baixa concentração espermática (< 20x10 6 sptz/mL) e/ ou alto índice de patologias espermáticas (> 30%). O sêmen foi congelado em três momentos, antes do início da suplementação (M1), 30 (M2) e 60 dias (M3) após o início da suplementação oral. O sêmen foi coletado por manipulação digital do pênis e analisado para: motilidade, vigor, concentração e morfologia espermática. A congelação do sêmen foi realizada pelo método descrito por Chirinéa et al. (2006). A descongelação foi realizada a 70ºC por 8 segundos. Logo após as amostras foram avaliadas na análise computadorizada (CASA) e avaliação de integridade de membrana acrossomal e plasmática. Também foi analisada a taxa de peroxidação lipídica e antioxidantes: SOD, catalase, vitaminas C e E no plasma seminal. Pode-se concluir que a suplementação oral, no meio diluente ou a sua associação pode trazer benefícios para o processo de congelação/descongelação de cães... / The aim of this project was to determine the efficiency of antioxidants in preventing the deleterious effects of freezing semen in fertile and subfertile dogs. For this purpose two experiments were performed: The first aim was to compare the results of frozen semen of fertile and subfertile dogs, using the TRIS diluent / egg yolk / glycerol extender, with or without addition of antioxidants (Catalase, Superoxide dismutase and their associations, ascorbic acid, tocopherol and their associations). The second experiment aimed to compare the results of frozen semen of fertile and subfertile dogs supplemented with 500mg of vitamin C and E, orally for 60 days. We used 13 dogs, 7 were considered fertile and 6 classified as subfertile. The dogs had been considered fertile breeding soundness examination within the standards recommended by CBRA; the subfertile had lower sperm concentration (<20x10 6 sptz / mL) and / or high rate of sperm pathologies (> 30%). Semen was frozen in three stages, before the start of supplementation (M1), 30 (M2) and 60 days (M3) after the initiation of supplementation. Semen was collected by digital manipulation of the penis and analyzed for: motility, vigor, concentration and morphology. The frozen semen was performed by the method described by Chirinea et al. (2006). Thawing was performed at 70 ° C for 8 seconds. Soon after the samples were evaluated in the computerized analysis (CASA) and assessment of membrane integrity and acrosomal plasma. We also analyzed the rate of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants: SOD, catalase, vitamins C and E in seminal plasma. It can be conclude that oral supplementation, in the extender or your association can benefit the process of freezing / thawing of dogs. Especially for those with reproductive problems and may even, with oral therapy to reduce or eliminate this feature

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-02T11:16:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-03-18Bitstream added on 2014-12-02T11:21:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000796853.pdf: 1085015 bytes, checksum: 720ee06f577c4d99a99e7e924fc387ec (MD5) / Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar os efeitos da utilização do ascorbato de sódio e alfatocoferol na dentina de dentes tratados endodonticamente, através da avaliação da resistência das coroas dentais à fratura, mensuração da formação intradentinária da camada hibrida e sua repercussão sobre a resistência de união de um sistema adesivo. No primeiro estudo, foram utilizados cinquenta incisivos bovinos endodonticamente tratados, distribuídos em cinco grupos (n = 10). Sendo, G1 controle, G2: somente restaurados com resina composta, G3: clareado com peróxido de hidrogênio a 38% e restaurado imediatamente, G4: clareado e tratado com ascorbato de sódio a 10%, G5: clareado e tratado alfatocoferol. Os espécimes foram submetidos ao teste mecânico de resistência à fratura, sendo que G1 apresentou maior resistência à fratura que os demais grupos. Não foi observada diferença estatística entre os demais grupos (p > 0,05). No segundo estudo, foram utilizados quarenta incisivos bovinos tratados endodonticamente, divididos em quatro grupos (n = 10): G1 restaurado (controle), G2 clareado e restaurado imediatamente, G3 clareado, tratado com ascorbato de sódio a 10% e restaurado imedimediata, G4 clareado, tratado com alfatocoferol 10% e restaurado imediata. O protocolo de clareamento e a utilização dos agentes antioxidantes foram iguais ao do experimento 1. Somente a porção coronária seccionada, no sentido vestíbulo-lingual de cada espécime foi utilizada para análise em microscópio laser confocal com aumento de 1024X. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos aos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn (p =0,05). A extensão intradentinária da formação da camada hibrida foi significantemente maior em G1 e G3, em relação a G2 e G4 (p < 0,05). Entre G1 e G3 e G2 e G4 não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p > 0,05). No terceiro estudo, a superfície vestibular de cada espécime foi desgastada e incluída em resina... / This study evaluated the effects of sodium ascorbate and alphatocopherol on fracture resistance, mensuration of the hybrid layer formation and bond strength of an adhesive system used in endodontically treated teeth. The first study used fifty endodontically treated bovine incisors, divided into five groups (n = 10): G1: control; G2: restoration with composite resin; G3: bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide and immediate restoration; G4: bleaching, application of 10% sodium ascorbate and restoration; G5: bleaching, alphatocopherol application and restoration. The specimens were subjected to fracture resistance mechanical testing. The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test,at significance level of 5%. G1 showed higher fracture resistance than the other groups. No statistical difference were found among other groups (p> 0.05).The second study used forty endodontically treated bovine incisors, divided into four groups (n = 10): G1: restoration; G2: bleaching and immediate restoration; G3: bleaching, use of 10% sodium ascorbate and immediate restoration; G4: bleaching, use of 10% alphatocorol and immediate restoration. The bleaching protocol and antioxidant application were similar to experiment 1. The coronal portion was sectioned at buccolingual direction and analyzed by confocal laser microscope at magnification 1024X. The data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn test (p = 0.05). The intradentin extension of the hybrid layer formation was significantly greater in G1 and G3 in relation to G2 and G4 (p <0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between G1 and G2 and G3 and G4 (p> 0.05). The third study used 40 specimens, divided into four groups (n = 10), similar to protocols described in experiment 2. The buccal surface of each specimen was ground and included in acrylic resin in the PVC cylinder. Composite resin cylinders were made and bonded to the underlying dentin after adhesive system application...

Dietary antioxidant curcumin derived from turmeric has been suggested to decrease the risk of many chronic diseases. Much of the existing data for curcumin stem from experiments performed at supra-physiological concentrations (μM-mM) that are impossible to attain through oral ingestion. It was therefore hypothesized that curcumin at low plasma achievable concentration, though itself not acting as a direct antioxidant might up-regulate the intracellular antioxidants and thus helping combat oxidative stress and protect β-islet cells. The results indicated that Curcumin, DMC and BDMC were able to scavenge hydroxyl radicals, but showed little scavenging ability against superoxide and nitric oxide radicals. Nanomolar concentrations of curcuminoids easily prevented the deleterious effects of H₂O₂ in pancreatic <i>β</i>-islet RINm5F cells. Non of the curcuminoids showed a detrimental effect on insulin secretion, but the model did not allow assessment of any potential positive effect on insulin secretion. The findings confirmed that nanomolar concentrations of curcumin offered protection in pancreatic <i>β</i>-islet cells against H₂O₂-indicated damage by modulating the proportion of oxidised GSH (GSSG): reduced GSH in the favour of GSH and the increasing the activity of SOD. This increase in GSH and SOD levels was, at least in part, on account of an increase in GR, SOD-1 and SOD-2 gene expression. The intracellular mechanism driving this modulation of antioxidant gene was, by virtue of blocking the H₂O₂ induced NF-κB activation.