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It is necessary and desirable for Armenia to retain close relations with Russia in both the short and long term. However, recent concessions to Russia for good relations in the short term may have potentially harmful repercussions for Armenia in the future. These concessions have in part resulted in the Russian dominance in the economic sector, over-dependence on Russia for Armenia’s energy needs, and the perpetuation of Armenian submissiveness to Russian interests. Armenia should, therefore, maintain good relations with Russia while simultaneously securing long-term paths that focus on actual strategic partnership and not dependence. In short, Armenia should return to a foreign policy of complementarism, which was first enacted under the Republic of Armenia’s first president, Levon Ter-Petrossian. Complementarism stresses the importance of pursuing Armenia’s best interest through the adoption of balanced policies and through minimal involvement or identification within regional blocs. The leveraging of Armenia’s long-term interests for close relations with Russia is possibly best exemplified in the state of Armenia’s economy. Like many former Soviet republics, the collapse of entangled Soviet trading patterns and the legacy of its centrally-planned economy still have negative implications for Armenian industry and trade.

In recent decades there has been a growing scholarly interest in the representation of women in early Christian texts, with the works of Greek and Latin authors being the primary focus. This dissertation makes an important contribution to the existing scholarship by examining the representation of Armenian women in the fifth-century Christian narratives, which have been instrumental in forging the Christian identity and worldview of the Armenian people. The texts that are discussed here were written exclusively by clerics whose way of thinking was considerably influenced by the religious teachings of the Greek and Syriac Church Fathers. However, as far as the representation of women is concerned, the Greek Fathers' largely misogynistic discourse did not have discernible effect on the Armenian authors. On the contrary, the approach developed in early Christian Armenian literature was congruous with the more liberal way of thinking of the Syriac clerics, with a marked tendency towards empowering women ideologically and providing them with prominent roles in the male-centred society. I argue that such a representation of women was primarily prompted by the ideology of the pre-Christian religion of the Armenians. This research discusses the main historical and cultural factors that prompted a positive depiction of women, and highlights the rhetorical and moralising strategies that the authors deployed to construct an "ideal woman". It further explores the representation of women's agency, experience, discourse, and identity. In particular, women's pivotal role in Armenia's conversion to Christianity and female asceticism in fourth-fifth century Armenia are extensively investigated. It is also argued that women's status in the extended family determined the social spaces they could enter and the extent of power they could exercise. It appears that Iranian matrimonial practice, including polygyny and consanguineous marriages, was common among the Armenian elite, whereas the lower classes mainly practised marriage by bride purchase or abduction. Special attention is devoted to the institution of queenship in Arsacid Armenia and the position of the queen within the framework of power relationships. Finally, this study examines the instances of violence towards women during wars and how the female body was exploited to achieve desirable political goals.

Since 1988, the states of Armenia and Azerbaijan have been engaged in conflict over the enclave of Nagorno Karabakh. The conflict has developed into one of the most intractable and complicated disputes in the international arena, with the main parties being the two rivalling sovereign states plus the 'unrecognised state' of Nagorno Karabakh. Despite the optimistic statements and claims by the OSCE and after many years of negotiations and talks, the peace process remains in stalemate. The research argues the virtues of Track Two diplomacy and highlights the successful instances where it has made important contributions to the 'official' or Track One diplomatic process. It also explores the potential of a 'no war no peace' situation by discerning the factors influencing the progress of the conflict. The research shows that a deeper understanding of the obstacles to peace is achieved by appreciating the significance of historical events as well as recognising the motives and interests of the different parties. The study reviews all major factors which have led to the failure of resolution efforts, particular the negative role played by Russia. It concludes that the scholars in the field of conflict resolution can bring about a lasting peace to this region, provided there is a fundamental change in the structure of the co-chairs of the OSCE.

The current political fraction between Russia and the West has led to the breakdown of the cooperative post-Cold War security order. Russia’s dramatic reliance on its tactical nuclear weapons arsenal is of concern for how Moscow might shape its foreign policy. Based on the gap in the existing literature on the role of Tactical Nuclear Weapons (TNW) and regional influence, this paper aims to examine the role of TNWs for Russia’s regional influence by answering the following research question: What changes in the nuclear doctrines, with regards to TNWs, contribute to a nuclear state’s increased regional influence? This thesis uses the theoretical frame of Coercive Diplomacy, with focus on compellence, which provides an alternative explanation to one state’s behavior against another in the pursuit of influence. In order to test the hypothesis, offensive changes in the doctrines, with regard to TNWs, contribute to a nuclear state’s likelihood of increasing its regional influence, this qualitative study examines the cases of Georgia and Armenia. The implementation of the analytical framework on the empirical material occurs through the method of structured focused comparison. The findings indicate that despite Russia’s engagement in compellence against Georgia and Armenia, the cases show very different outcomes.

The diploma thesis is focused on the Armenian piano music in context with Armenian culture. The first chapter summarizes important events of the history of Armenia from the ancient times to the present. Following chapters describes Armenian musical culture and Armenian piano music. The last chapter intended to be the most important, it tries to characterize giants of Armenian music and their most important works.

Pavel Makovský: Geopolitical aspects of transport interconnections development in the Southern Caucasus Abstract This study solves transport interconnection in the South Caucasus region with a focus on four modes of transport - air, rail, road and pipeline. The research covers regional cooperation and cross-border involvement of other states and international organizations. Literature and data research from statistical office of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia sites, which I analyzed and confronted with the liberal theory of functionalism (neofunctionalism) and the opposite theory of realism (neorealism), was conducted. The result is an interdependence analysis evaluated at two ranks (regional and cross-border). It is followed by the applicability and summary of all political actors acting on the basis of liberal or realistic thinking. On the basis of the work there is possibility to build on research in the region of Central Asia. Keywords: South Caucasus; transport interconnection; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Georgia; geopolitics

L’objectif de la thèse est de composer un catalogue des cartes françaises de l’ensemble ou d’une partie de la région étudiée, à partir des anciens recueils de cartes, et d’étudier les méthodes de publication des anciennes sources cartographiques : il s’agit de l’archéographie. Ce travail éclaire aussi la caractéristique des cartes russes, de nature historique, de la fin du XVIII° siècle et du début du XIX° siècle : l’exemple en est fourni par la « Carte du bassin du lac Sévang en Arménie, relevée par les ingénieurs russes en 1832 » et reformulée en langue française, en 1832, par le savant suisse Du Bois de Montperreux. A partir de cette carte, l’auteur de la thèse effectue des recherches sur l’altitude du lac Sévan à l’époque de l’établissement de ladite carte et sur les changements démographiques survenus dans le bassin du lac deSévan à la suite des traités russo-persans et russo-turcs. Le travail de Vardan Mkhitaryan se présente comme la première étude des cartes françaises sur le sujet et présente un catalogue de cartes inédit dans l’ensemble. [etc.] / The goal of the thesis is to set up a catalog of the French maps of the whole or part of the studied region, based on the ancient maps collections, and to study the publishing methods of the ancient cartographic sources. This is called archeography. This also enlightens the characteristics of the Russian maps, of historical nature, of the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century: a provided example is the “Map of the lake Sevang's basin in Armenia, measured by the Russia engineers in 1832” and reworded in French, in 1832, by the Swiss scholar Du Bois de Montperreux. Basing on this map, the author of the thesis performs some researches on the altitude of the lake Sevan at the time of the setting up of the aforesaid map and on the demographic changes that occurred in the lake Sevan's basin after the Russian-Persian and the Russian-Turkish treaties. VardanMikhitarian's work appears to be the the first study of the French maps on this subject and displays, in the main, an unprecedented catalogue of maps. [etc.]

Esta dissertação de início trata das particularidades do processo de mobilização pelo trabalho da imigração armênia no Distrito de Presidente Altino, localizado no município de Osasco, em relação com a capital paulista. Esse processo tem como referencial histórico de mobilização o Genocídio Armênio perpetrado pelo Império Otomano durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial (1914-1918), intepretada aqui a partir da mobilização geral (Gaudemar, 1981), momento histórico em que todos os esforços estão voltados para a produção, fazendo da guerra uma constante necessária à acumulação de capitais. Tentamos problematizar os desdobramentos históricos da relação social capitalista que foram transformando os sentidos da acumulação de capitais ao longo do século XX, bem como a dinâmica das personificações daí resultantes, até o contemporâneo capitalismo baseado na reprodução ficctícia do valor. Partindo da pesquisa histórica de trajetórias de mobilização aliada a observações feitas em trabalhos de campo, foram realizadas viagens à Argentina, Uruguai no intuito de apresentar as contradições perceptíveis entre a identidade armênia dessas localidades visitadas e a identidade observada em viagem à Armênia. / This dissertation deals with the particularities of the process of mobilization for the work of Armenian immigration in the District of Presidente Altino, located in the municipality of Osasco, in relation to the capital of São Paulo. This process has as a historical reference for mobilization the Armenian Genocide perpetrated by the Ottoman Empire during World War I (1914-1918), interpreted here using the concept of general mobilization (Gaudemar, 1981), historical moment in which all the efforts are directed to the production, requiring constant war to the accumulation of capital. We have tried to problematize the historical unfoldings of the capitalist social relationship that have been transforming the meanings of capital accumulation throughout the twentieth century, as well as the dynamics of the personifications resulting therefrom reaching the contemporary capitalism based on the fictional reproduction of value. Starting from the historical research of mobilization trajectories allied to observations made in field research. Travels were made to Argentina, Uruguay in order to present the perceptible contradictions between the Armenian identity of these visited localities and the identity observed during the travel to Armenia.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sueli Aparecida Cardozo Carvalhaes.pdf: 3676946 bytes, checksum: 1931d2964d4fd871696e746d4ab0095e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-07 / Within a macro project identification of religious plurality connected with the country's ethnic diversity, this research project analyzed the difficulties and peculiarities of the group of Armenian immigrants who settled in Brazil since 1920. In the midst of a new social and cultural reality haw these immigrants established the cooperative relationship in the new community. Religious identity is a critical factor to understanding the structural characteristics that led to the establishment and survival in the urban region of Sao Paulo. Our research focused on the Protestant side and how it uses the religious elements connected to form and maintain their ethnic identity recreated in Brazil. / Dentro de um macro projeto de identificação da pluralidade religiosa conectada com a diversidade étnica do país, este projeto de pesquisa analisou as dificuldades e particularidades do grupo de imigrantes armênios que se estabeleceu no Brasil a partir de 1920. Em meio a uma nova realidade social e cultura, como esses imigrantes estabeleceram a relação de cooperação na comunidade nova. A identidade religiosa é fator central para o conhecimento das características estruturais que os levaram à sobrevivência e fixação na região urbana de São Paulo. Nossa pesquisa focou a vertente protestante e como ela utiliza os elementos religiosos para compor e manter conectada sua identidade étnica recriada no Brasil.