Thesis (M.A.)--Brandeis University, 2008. / Title from IR (viewed on May 29, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Milton José de Almeida / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T09:12:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Costa_AlanVictorPimentadeAlmeidaPales_D.pdf: 19386372 bytes, checksum: 66818ca0bb501de7fe66a1aab8f597c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Apresento ao leitor um conjunto de ensaios interpretativos que tomam forma de diálogo com as imagens e elaborações poéticas do artista armênio Serguei Paradjanov. Para fins deste trabalho, nos concentramos em seu filme A cor da romã (1968-1969) e em sua produção plástica que vai de 1967 aos dois anos que antecedem sua morte, em 1990. O conjunto dos textos elabora a idéia estética do pastiche e almeja remontá-la como procedimento metodológico sugerido pela poética própria da obra deste artista. Busquei estudar os elementos cênicos apresentados e sua interação em caleidoscópio, a peculiaridade de seus enquadramentos e planejamentos de cena, percorri seu olhar até que enxergasse no invisível da arte de suas memórias e da memória dos recursos técnicos utilizados. Foi desse modo que tentei, com imaginação e conhecimento, apresentar uma interpretação verossímil e crível, não cronológica e cuja escrita buscasse sincronicidade com a obra e sua forma de apresentação. / Abstract: I present to the reader a set of interpretative essays that take the form of a dialogue with the images and poetic elaborations of the Armenian artist Serguei Paradjanov. For purposes of this paper, we focus in his movie "The Color of Pomegranates" (1968-1969) and in his plastic production from 1967 to two years before his death, in 1990. The set of texts elaborates the esthetics idea of pastiche and aims to rebuild it as the methodological procedure suggested by the artist own poetic art. I sought to study the scenic elements presented and their interaction in kaleidoscope, the peculiarity of its framework and the scene planning, I went through his look until I could see the invisible of the art in his memories and the memories of the technical resources used. In this way I tried, with imagination and knowledge, to present a believable and credible interpretation, not chronological and whose writing sought synchronicity with the work and his way to present it. / Doutorado / Educação, Conhecimento, Linguagem e Arte / Doutor em Educação

The thesis deals with the problematics of institutional influence of an international organization (NATO), which is placed in the context of transformational processes of defence institutions of Armenia and Georgia reviewed as case-countries. The notion of defence institutions refers largely to ministries of defence and the national armed forces as key units of analysis that are exposed to multiple mechanisms and mods of external institutional influence, that of the Alliance. The objective of the study is to shed light on the dynamics of institutional cooperation between NATO and the case – countries and to highlight the underlying causes responsible for varying results of national compliance in a defined set of functional areas of defence common for Armenia and Georgia. / Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales / Thèse en cotutelle avec l’Universität Bielefeld / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Au crépuscule d'une expérience génocidaire comme la catastrophe arménienne ou la Shoah, les témoins font face à la gageure d'une reconstruction, tant physique que morale, dans une société humaine aux contours éthiques brisés : tout sens et tout repère semblent ruinés. Chacun affronte un ardu retour à l'humanité et à une identité niée par les bourreaux. Cet itinéraire de reconstruction, qui mène de l'inhumain à l'humain, met en évidence une posture difficile entre parole et silence, qui frappent sur l'écueil de l'indicible. Du caractère indicible de l'expérience génocidaire découle le dilemme invalidant vécu par le témoin tiraillé entre une mémoire sclérosante et un nécessaire devoir de mémoire. L'indicibilité du crime masque plutôt une incommunicabilité : l'expérience est tellement hors de toute limité qu'elle semble annihiler toute possibilité de compréhension d'un tiers. Les survivants optent alors pour une échappatoire scripturaire qui n'est pas sans entraîner une refondation des concepts de réception, et une tentative ou tentation de poser les bases d'une esthétique littéraire inédite, propre aux témoignages issus de génocide, par delà les paradoxes, la littérature servant la vérité. Les rescapés arméniens, confrontés à la négation de la catastrophe, refusent ce recours à la littérature et condamnent malgré eux leurs témoignages à la confidentialité. Seule la culture et le jeu de ses références, lien entre le déporté et le tiers récepteur, parvient à dépasser la barrière éthique que s'imposent les survivants arméniens. La culture, mise à mal et révélée par les génocides, s'avère une force à même de sublimer l'existence la plus abjecte et l'écriture la plus improbable. / At the end of a genocidal experience like the armenian catastrophe or the holocaust, witnesses have to reconstruct themselves, both physically and morally, in a society that has lost its ethical foundations: all meanings or references seem ruined. each deportee has to find a way to get his humanity and his identity (denied by his torturers) back. this reconstruction, from inhuman to human, shows a difficult behaviour between speaking and silence, and bring to the fore the inexpressible nature of the genocidal experience. witnesses experience moreover the dilemma between a disabling memory and an essential obligation to remember. it appears that the crime is more unreportable than indescribable: the experience is so extreme that it seems to annihilate all chance of understanding from a third party. then, the survivors choose to write down their experiences, modifying receipt concepts, and trying to build the new foundations of an original literary esthetics, in which art, imagination and truth can coexist. the armenian survivors, having to deal with the denial of the turkish genocide, refuse to write literary testimony and seem to censure their own works and limit, in spite of themselves, the impact they should encounter. only culture and its references, last link between the deportee and a third party, manages to go beyond the ethical limit that armenian survivors assert themselves. culture, subjected to doubt and revealed because of genocides, is confirmed as a power able to sublimate the most awful existence and the most unlikely writing.

The urban landscape of Yerevan has experienced tremendous changes since the collapse of the Soviet Union and Armenia’s independence in 1991. Domestic and foreign investments have poured into Yerevan’s building sector, converting many downtown neighborhoods into sleek modern districts that now cater to foreign investors, tourists, and the newly rich Armenian nationals. Large portions of the city’s green parks and other public spaces have been commercialized for private and exclusive use, creating zones that are accessible only to the affluent. In this dissertation I explore the rapidly transforming landscape of Yerevan and its connections to the development of contemporary Armenian national identity. This research was guided by principles of ethnographic inquiry, and I employed diverse methods, including document and archival research, structured and semi-structured interviews and content analysis of news media. I also used geographic information systems (GIS) and satellite images to represent and visualize the stark transformations of spaces in Yerevan. Informed by and contributing to three literatures—on the relationship between landscape and identity formation, on the construction of national identity, and on Soviet and post-Soviet cities—this dissertation investigates how messages about contemporary Armenian national identity are being expressed via the transforming landscape of Armenia’s national capital. In it I describe the ways in which abrupt transformations have resulted in the physical and symbolic eviction of residents, introducing fierce public debates about belonging and exclusion within the changing urban context. I demonstrate that the new additions to Yerevan’s landscape and the symbolic messages that they carry are hotly contested by many long-time residents, who struggle for inclusion of their opinions and interests in the process of re-imagining their national capital. This dissertation illustrates many of the trends that are apparent in post-Soviet and post-Socialist space, while at the same time exposing some unique characteristics of the Armenian case.

Cette thèse porte sur l’étude des sanctuaires antiques arméniens depuis la période hellénistique jusqu'à la période chrétienne, qui marque le changement de religion et l’abandon progressif des temples païens. Ce travail est basé sur l’étude des sources historiques et sur les données de fouilles archéologiques. Il s’agit de savoir où se trouvaient les temples païens en Grande Arménie. En corollaire, différentes interrogations sont venues progressivement s’ajouter à cette première question. Il fallait, une fois ces temples identifiés, les étudier en les classant par catégorie et par type afin de comprendre leur statut dans la société païenne. Enfin, leur disparition pose la question de leur destinée et engage à étudier plus généralement la destruction des sites païens lors de la christianisation de l’Arménie. / This thesis deals with the study of ancient Armenian sanctuaries from the Hellenistic to the Christian period, which marks the change of religion and the gradual abandonment of pagan temples. This work is based on the study of historical sources and data from archaeological excavations. The question is knowing where the pagan temples stood in Great Armenia. As a corollary, various questions have gradually been added to this first one. Once these temples had been identified, they have to be studied by classifying them by category and type in order to understand their status in the pagan society. Finally, their disappearance raises the question of their destiny and commits to study more generally the destruction of the pagan sites during the Christianization of Armenia.

This study attempts to analyze the evolution of the ENP in Southern Caucasus during post- Vilnius era. With contributions of the recent history, it aims to find out how these evolving policies affected the region from the competing theories perspective. It's seeking an answer to whether or not "initially neoliberal" strategy of ENP is designed to transform the region into a space with stability. While doing this, effectiveness of the ENP and multidirectional contributions it brought to the region is discussed. Neorealist and neoliberalist assumptions made for assessing the ENP's practices in the region. The thesis is methodologically supported with Congruence Analysis, which qualitatively enables us to observe theoretical developments based on multiple cases. Drawing on the main challenges to ENP's initial strategy, main hypotesis argue that neorealist assumptions are prevailing over neoliberalist assumptions, which can be shown as an outcome of the ENP's evolving policies in post- Vilnius era.

This research explains how does the interaction between foreign and domestic policy domains take place and how it influences domestic political change. For this purpose, the cases of Armenia, Georgia and Moldova are analysed with specific focus on the external influence of Russia and the European Union. Consequently, this study traces the interaction between domestic and international actors at the light of the broader regional context, including the Eurasian Economic Union and the European Union. The research uses the analytical tool defined by Morlino (2011), with theoretical contributions from social constructivism and historical institutionalism in order to emphasize the need to contextualise the actions, preferences and identities of domestic actors in a broader historical perspective, which acknowledges the relevance of past legacies. Following the analytical tool, suggested by Morlino (2011), the research focuses on institutional reforms in Rule of Law, Inter-Institutional and Electoral Accountability, in addition to Participation and Competition as horizontal dimensions. A combination of process- tracing and network analysis provides insight on the strategies of domestic and international actors intervening in the reform processes.The research argues that the increased competition between the European Union and Russia is used by different domestic elite groups to strengthen their power positions and as an opportunity to diversify the foreign policy relations in the case of relatively small economic partners as Armenia, Georgia and Moldova. Such strategy is pursued through the development of focused relations with each international partner, while avoiding an exclusive geopolitical choice. Therefore, the EU is a preferred partner in democracy support, development of institutional capacities and trade; while Russia’s collaboration is sought in fields as trade, energy, etc). In addition, the EU and Russia have developed more flexible approaches in the relations with their neighbours. The EU seeks a more pragmatic geopolitically-informed approach in addition to its traditional normative role. On the other hand, Russia adopts a mimicking strategy of Western normative policies in support of its identity-based approach towards Russian-speaking communities in addition to its traditional geopolitical use of regional interdependencies for influencing the choices of the its neighbours. / Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

In over 20 years of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, there has been no significant progress towards a peaceful agreement. It has been argued that there is not enough incentive for leaders to agree to a compromise and that the citizens are not ready to accept one. In this context, the way the conflict and the enemy are described in public discourse is important not only because it represents the viewpoints of those producing the discourse but because it can have a real effect on public opinion. This paper examines discourse on Azerbaijan and the future of Nagorno-Karabakh in an official newspaper, showing that distrust of Azerbaijan and rigid expectations about the future of Nagorno-Karabakh are dominant.

Despite the amount of studies conducted in the field and actions taken, gender-based violence continues to be rampant in both Afghanistan and Armenia. This study investigates potential causes and factors as to why the two societies look and function the way it does. By conducting a comparative case study by using a most similar system design, the aim with the thesis is to gain a broader understanding of why the women of Afghanistan and Armenia are suffering to these levels. Experiences of Afghan and Armenian women will be studied together with the legal and social construction of the countries. The study is primarily based on the theoretical framework of factors contributing to gender-based violence. The combination of sources that have been selected and used have done so in order to create as fair and representative a picture of Afghan and Armenian society and the experiences of the women living there as possible.